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相應部 · 迦葉相應 Kassapasaṃyuttaṃ

本經目錄五、迦葉相應一、知足經二、無愧者經三、月喻經四、常往來俗家者經五、衰老經六、教誡經七、第二教誡經八、第三教誡經九、禪與神通經十、住處經十一、衣經十二、死後經十三、相似正法經《迦葉相應》完畢。

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五、迦葉相應

5. Kassapasaṃyuttaṃ
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一、知足經

1. Santuṭṭhasuttaṃ
144PTS 2.194緬 1.399已對照

一百四十四、住在舍衛城……乃至……“諸比丘,這迦葉(Kassapa)對隨得的衣知足,並且是隨得衣知足的稱讚者;也不為衣之故行不適當的邪求;未得衣而不焦躁;得衣而不貪著、不迷醉、不耽溺,見過患、有出離慧地受用它。

“諸比丘,這迦葉對隨得的缽食知足,並且是隨得缽食知足的稱讚者;也不為缽食之故行不適當的邪求;未得缽食而不焦躁;得缽食而不貪著、不迷醉、不耽溺,見過患、有出離慧地受用它。

“諸比丘,這迦葉對隨得的坐臥處知足,並且是隨得坐臥處知足的稱讚者;也不為坐臥處之故行不適當的邪求;未得坐臥處而不焦躁;得坐臥處而不貪著、不迷醉、不耽溺,見過患、有出離慧地受用它。

“諸比丘,這迦葉對隨得的病者所需的醫藥資具知足,並且是隨得病者所需的醫藥資具知足的稱讚者;也不為病者所需的醫藥資具之故行不適當的邪求;未得病者所需的醫藥資具而不焦躁;得病者所需的醫藥資具而不貪著、不迷醉、不耽溺,見過患、有出離慧地受用它。

“諸比丘,因此在此你們應當這樣學:‘我們將對隨得的衣知足,並且是隨得衣知足的稱讚者;我們將不為衣之故行不適當的邪求;未得衣我們將不焦躁;得衣我們將不貪著、不迷醉、不耽溺,見過患、有出離慧地受用它。’”(一切[段落]都應如是作。)

“‘我們將對隨得的缽食知足……乃至……我們將對隨得的坐臥處知足……乃至……我們將對隨得的病者所需的醫藥資具知足,並且是隨得病者所需的醫藥資具知足的稱讚者;我們將不為病者所需的醫藥資具之故行不適當的邪求;未得病者所需的醫藥資具我們將不焦躁;得病者所需的醫藥資具我們將不貪著、不迷醉、不耽溺,見過患、有出離慧地受用它。’諸比丘,你們正應當這樣學。諸比丘,我將以迦葉來教誡你們,或以與迦葉相似的人[來教誡你們];而受了教誡的你們,應當為達如是[狀態]而行道。”第一[經]。

144. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘santuṭṭhāyaṃ [santuṭṭhoyaṃ (sī.)], bhikkhave, kassapo itarītarena cīvarena, itarītaracīvarasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī; na ca cīvarahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati; aladdhā ca cīvaraṃ na paritassati; laddhā ca cīvaraṃ agadhito [agathito (sī.)] amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati’’.
‘‘Santuṭṭhāyaṃ, bhikkhave, kassapo itarītarena piṇḍapātena, itarītarapiṇḍapātasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī; na ca piṇḍapātahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati; aladdhā ca piṇḍapātaṃ na paritassati; laddhā ca piṇḍapātaṃ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati.
‘‘Santuṭṭhāyaṃ, bhikkhave, kassapo itarītarena senāsanena, itarītarasenāsanasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī; na ca senāsanahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati; aladdhā ca senāsanaṃ na paritassati; laddhā ca senāsanaṃ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati.
‘‘Santuṭṭhāyaṃ, bhikkhave, kassapo itarītarena gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena, itarītaragilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī; na ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati; aladdhā ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ na paritassati; laddhā ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati.
‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘santuṭṭhā bhavissāma itarītarena cīvarena, itarītaracīvarasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādino; na ca cīvarahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjissāma; aladdhā ca cīvaraṃ na ca paritassissāma; laddhā ca cīvaraṃ agadhitā amucchitā anajjhāpannā ādīnavadassāvino nissaraṇapaññā paribhuñjissāma’’’. (Evaṃ sabbaṃ kātabbaṃ).
‘‘‘Santuṭṭhā bhavissāma itarītarena piṇḍapātena…pe… santuṭṭhā bhavissāma itarītarena senāsanena…pe… santuṭṭhā bhavissāma itarītarena gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena, itarītaragilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādino; na ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjissāma aladdhā ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ na paritassissāma; laddhā ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ agadhitā amucchitā anajjhāpannā ādīnavadassāvino nissaraṇapaññā paribhuñjissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabbaṃ. Kassapena vā hi vo, bhikkhave, ovadissāmi yo vā panassa [yo vā pana (sī.), yo vā (pī.)] kassapasadiso, ovaditehi ca pana vo tathattāya paṭipajjitabba’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.
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二、無愧者經

2. Anottappīsuttaṃ
145PTS 2.196已對照

一百四十五、如是我聞——一時,具壽大迦葉與具壽舍利弗住在波羅奈仙人墮處鹿野苑。那時,具壽舍利弗於傍晚從靜坐起身,前往具壽大迦葉之處;到了之後,與具壽大迦葉互相問候;交換了友好、可唸的問候話語之後,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的具壽舍利弗對具壽大迦葉這樣說:“迦葉賢友,這是被這樣說的:不熱勤者、無愧者,不堪能正覺,不堪能涅槃,不堪能證得無上瑜伽安穩;而熱勤者、有愧者,堪能正覺,堪能涅槃,堪能證得無上瑜伽安穩。”

145. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca mahākassapo āyasmā ca sāriputto bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā mahākassapena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘vuccati hidaṃ, āvuso kassapa, anātāpī anottappī abhabbo sambodhāya abhabbo nibbānāya abhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya; ātāpī ca kho ottappī bhabbo sambodhāya bhabbo nibbānāya bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāyā’’ti.
緬 1.401已對照

“賢友,究竟到什麼程度是不熱勤者、無愧者,不堪能正覺,不堪能涅槃,不堪能證得無上瑜伽安穩?賢友,又到什麼程度是熱勤者、有愧者,堪能正覺,堪能涅槃,堪能證得無上瑜伽安穩?”“賢友,於此,比丘[想]‘我未生的惡不善法若生起,將導向無益’而不作熱勤;[想]‘我已生的惡不善法若不被舍斷,將導向無益’而不作熱勤;[想]‘我未生的善法若不生起,將導向無益’而不作熱勤;[想]‘我已生的善法若滅,將導向無益’而不作熱勤。賢友,這樣是不熱勤者。”

‘‘Kittāvatā nu kho, āvuso, anātāpī hoti anottappī abhabbo sambodhāya abhabbo nibbānāya abhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya; kittāvatā ca panāvuso, ātāpī hoti ottappī bhabbo sambodhāya bhabbo nibbānāya bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāyā’’ti? ‘‘Idhāvuso, bhikkhu ‘anuppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ātappaṃ karoti, ‘uppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ātappaṃ karoti, ‘anuppannā me kusalā dhammānuppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ātappaṃ karoti, ‘uppannā me kusalā dhammā nirujjhamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ātappaṃ karoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, anātāpī hoti’’.
PTS 2.197已對照

“賢友,又怎樣是無愧者?賢友,於此,比丘[想]‘我未生的惡不善法若生起,將導向無益’而不愧;[想]‘我已生的惡不善法若不被舍斷,將導向無益’而不愧;[想]‘我未生的善法若不生起,將導向無益’而不愧;[想]‘我已生的善法若滅,將導向無益’而不愧。賢友,這樣是無愧者。賢友,這樣,不熱勤者、無愧者,不堪能正覺,不堪能涅槃,不堪能證得無上瑜伽安穩。

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, anottappī hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu ‘anuppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ottappati, ‘uppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ottappati, ‘anuppannā me kusalā dhammānuppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ottappati, ‘uppannā me kusalā dhammā nirujjhamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ottappati. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, anottappī hoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, anātāpī anottappī abhabbo sambodhāya abhabbo nibbānāya abhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya.
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“賢友,又怎樣是熱勤者?賢友,於此,比丘[想]‘我未生的惡不善法若生起,將導向無益’而作熱勤;[想]‘我已生的惡不善法若不被舍斷,將導向無益’而作熱勤;[想]我未生的善法……乃至……而作熱勤。賢友,這樣是熱勤者。

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, ātāpī hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu ‘anuppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti ātappaṃ karoti, ‘uppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti ātappaṃ karoti, anuppannā me kusalā dhammā…pe… ātappaṃ karoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, ātāpī hoti.
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“賢友,又怎樣是有愧者?賢友,於此,比丘[想]‘我未生的惡不善法若生起,將導向無益’而愧;[想]‘我已生的惡不善法若不被舍斷,將導向無益’而愧;[想]‘我未生的善法若不生起,將導向無益’而愧;[想]‘我已生的善法若滅,將導向無益’而愧。賢友,這樣是有愧者。賢友,這樣,熱勤者、有愧者,堪能正覺,堪能涅槃,堪能證得無上瑜伽安穩。”第二[經]。

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, ottappī hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu ‘anuppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti ottappati, ‘uppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti ottappati, ‘anuppannā me kusalā dhammā anuppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti ottappati, ‘uppannā me kusalā dhammā nirujjhamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti ottappati. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, ottappī hoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, ātāpī ottappī bhabbo sambodhāya bhabbo nibbānāya bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāyā’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
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三、月喻經

3. Candūpamasuttaṃ
146PTS 2.198緬 1.402已對照

一百四十六、住在舍衛城……乃至……“諸比丘,你們要如月般前往諸家——抽離身,抽離心,於諸家中常為新來者,不放肆。諸比丘,譬如有人觀看朽井,或山的險處,或河的險岸——抽離身,抽離心;同樣地,諸比丘,你們要如月般前往諸家——抽離身,抽離心,於諸家中常為新來者,不放肆。”

146. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘candūpamā, bhikkhave, kulāni upasaṅkamatha – apakasseva kāyaṃ, apakassa cittaṃ, niccanavakā kulesu appagabbhā [appagabbā (ka.)]. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso jarudapānaṃ vā olokeyya pabbatavisamaṃ vā nadīviduggaṃ vā – apakasseva kāyaṃ, apakassa cittaṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, candūpamā kulāni upasaṅkamatha – apakasseva kāyaṃ, apakassa cittaṃ, niccanavakā kulesu appagabbhā’’.
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“諸比丘,迦葉如月般前往諸家——抽離身,抽離心,於諸家中常為新來者,不放肆。諸比丘,你們認為怎樣,怎樣的比丘配前往諸家?”“尊者,我們的諸法以世尊為根本、以世尊為引導、以世尊為依止。尊者,若世尊親自解說這所說之義,那就好了;聽了世尊[所說],比丘們將會受持。”

‘‘Kassapo, bhikkhave, candūpamo kulāni upasaṅkamati – apakasseva kāyaṃ, apakassa cittaṃ, niccanavako kulesu appagabbho. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, kathaṃrūpo bhikkhu arahati kulāni upasaṅkamitu’’nti? ‘‘Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā bhagavaṃnettikā bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaṃyeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti.
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那時,世尊在空中揮手。“諸比丘,譬如這手在空中不粘著、不被執取、不被繫縛;同樣地,諸比丘,任何比丘前往諸家時,心於諸家不粘著、不被執取、不被繫縛——‘願求利者得利,願求福者作福’;他以自己的所得而心悅、意喜,同樣以他人的所得而心悅、意喜。諸比丘,這樣的比丘配前往諸家。

Atha kho bhagavā ākāse pāṇiṃ cālesi. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ayaṃ ākāse pāṇi na sajjati na gayhati na bajjhati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yassa kassaci bhikkhuno kulāni upasaṅkamato kulesu cittaṃ na sajjati na gayhati na bajjhati – ‘labhantu lābhakāmā, puññakāmā karontu puññānī’ti; yathāsakena lābhena attamano hoti sumano, evaṃ paresaṃ lābhena attamano hoti sumano; evarūpo kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu arahati kulāni upasaṅkamituṃ.
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“諸比丘,迦葉前往諸家時,心於諸家不粘著、不被執取、不被繫縛——‘願求利者得利,願求福者作福’;他以自己的所得而心悅、意喜,同樣以他人的所得而心悅、意喜。

‘‘Kassapassa, bhikkhave, kulāni upasaṅkamato kulesu cittaṃ na sajjati na gayhati na bajjhati – ‘labhantu lābhakāmā, puññakāmā karontu puññānī’ti; yathāsakena lābhena attamano hoti sumano; evaṃ paresaṃ lābhena attamano hoti sumano.
PTS 2.199已對照

“諸比丘,你們認為怎樣,怎樣的比丘的說法是不清淨的,怎樣的比丘的說法是清淨的?”“尊者,我們的諸法以世尊為根本、以世尊為引導、以世尊為依止。尊者,若世尊親自解說這所說之義,那就好了;聽了世尊[所說],比丘們將會受持。”“那麼,諸比丘,你們聽著,好好作意,我要說了。”“是的,尊者。”那些比丘應諾了世尊。世尊這樣說——

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, kathaṃrūpassa bhikkhuno aparisuddhā dhammadesanā hoti, kathaṃrūpassa bhikkhuno parisuddhā dhammadesanā hotī’’ti? ‘‘Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā bhagavaṃnettikā bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaṃyeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
緬 1.403已對照

“諸比丘,凡任何比丘以這樣的心為他人說法——‘啊,願他們聽我[說]法,聽了法之後生起淨信,淨信了之後對我作淨信之相。’諸比丘,這樣的比丘的說法是不清淨的。

‘‘Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃcitto paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – ‘aho vata me dhammaṃ suṇeyyuṃ, sutvā ca pana dhammaṃ pasīdeyyuṃ, pasannā ca me pasannākāraṃ kareyyu’nti; evarūpassa kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno aparisuddhā dhammadesanā hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,而凡任何比丘以這樣的心為他人說法——‘法是世尊所善說的,是現見的、無時的、來見的、引導的、智者應各自證知的。啊,願他們聽我[說]法,聽了法之後了知,了知之後為成為如是而行道。’如是緣於法的善法性而為他人說法,緣於悲憫、緣於護念、依於哀愍而為他人說法。諸比丘,這樣的比丘的說法是清淨的。

‘‘Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃcitto paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhīti [viññūhi (?)]. Aho, vata me dhammaṃ suṇeyyuṃ, sutvā ca pana dhammaṃ ājāneyyuṃ, ājānitvā ca pana tathattāya paṭipajjeyyu’nti. Iti dhammasudhammataṃ paṭicca paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti, kāruññaṃ paṭicca anuddayaṃ [anudayaṃ (bahūsu) dvittakāraṇaṃ pana gavesitabbaṃ] paṭicca anukampaṃ upādāya paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti. Evarūpassa kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno parisuddhā dhammadesanā hoti.
PTS 2.200已對照

“諸比丘,迦葉以這樣的心為他人說法——‘法是世尊所善說的,是現見的、無時的、來見的、引導的、智者應各自證知的。啊,願他們聽我[說]法,聽了法之後了知,了知之後為成為如是而行道。’如是緣於法的善法性而為他人說法,緣於悲憫、緣於護念、依於哀愍而為他人說法。諸比丘,我將以迦葉,或以凡與迦葉相似者,來教誡你們;而你們被教誡之後,應當為成為如是而行道。”第三[經]。

‘‘Kassapo, bhikkhave, evaṃcitto paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhīti. Aho, vata me dhammaṃ suṇeyyuṃ, sutvā ca pana dhammaṃ ājāneyyuṃ, ājānitvā ca pana tathattāya paṭipajjeyyu’nti. Iti dhammasudhammataṃ paṭicca paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti, kāruññaṃ paṭicca anuddayaṃ paṭicca anukampaṃ upādāya paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti. Kassapena vā hi vo, bhikkhave, ovadissāmi yo vā panassa kassapasadiso, ovaditehi ca pana vo tathattāya paṭipajjitabba’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.
已對照

四、常往來俗家者經

4. Kulūpakasuttaṃ
147已對照

一百四十七、住在舍衛城……乃至……“諸比丘,你們認為怎樣,怎樣的比丘配作常往來俗家者,怎樣的比丘不配作常往來俗家者?”尊者,我們的諸法以世尊為根本……乃至……世尊這樣說——

147. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, kathaṃrūpo bhikkhu arahati kulūpako hotuṃ, kathaṃrūpo bhikkhu na arahati kulūpako hotu’’nti? Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā…pe… bhagavā etadavoca –
PTS 2.201緬 1.404已對照

“諸比丘,凡任何比丘以這樣的心前往諸家——‘願[他們]只給我,莫不給;願只給我多的,莫少的;願只給我上妙的,莫粗劣的;願只迅速地給我,莫遲緩地;願只恭敬地給我,莫不恭敬地。’諸比丘,若那比丘以這樣的心前往諸家,[他們]不給,那比丘因此受挫傷;他以此為因緣而感受苦、憂。[他們]給少的,不給多的……乃至……給粗劣的,不給上妙的……遲緩地給,不迅速地給,那比丘因此受挫傷;他以此為因緣而感受苦、憂。[他們]不恭敬地給,不是恭敬地給;那比丘因此受挫傷;他以此為因緣而感受苦、憂。諸比丘,這樣的比丘不配作常往來俗家者。

‘‘Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃcitto kulāni upasaṅkamati – ‘dentuyeva me, mā nādaṃsu; bahukaññeva me dentu, mā thokaṃ; paṇītaññeva me dentu, mā lūkhaṃ; sīghaññeva me dentu, mā dandhaṃ; sakkaccaññeva me dentu, mā asakkacca’nti. Tassa ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno evaṃcittassa kulāni upasaṅkamato na denti, tena bhikkhu sandīyati; so tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Thokaṃ denti, no bahukaṃ…pe… lūkhaṃ denti, no paṇītaṃ… dandhaṃ denti, no sīghaṃ, tena bhikkhu sandīyati; so tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Asakkaccaṃ denti, no sakkaccaṃ; tena bhikkhu sandīyati; so tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Evarūpo kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na arahati kūlūpako hotuṃ.
已對照

“諸比丘,而凡任何比丘以這樣的心前往諸家——‘在他人諸家中,這裡哪能得到那個:願[他們]只給我,莫不給;願只給我多的,莫少的;願只給我上妙的,莫粗劣的;願只迅速地給我,莫遲緩地;願只恭敬地給我,莫不恭敬地?’諸比丘,若那比丘以這樣的心前往諸家,[他們]不給;那比丘不因此受挫傷;他不以此為因緣而感受苦、憂。[他們]給少的,不給多的;那比丘不因此受挫傷;他不以此為因緣而感受苦、憂。[他們]給粗劣的,不給上妙的;那比丘不因此受挫傷;他不以此為因緣而感受苦、憂。[他們]遲緩地給,不迅速地給;那比丘不因此受挫傷;他不以此為因緣而感受苦、憂。[他們]不恭敬地給,不是恭敬地給;那比丘不因此受挫傷;他不以此為因緣而感受苦、憂。諸比丘,這樣的比丘配作常往來俗家者。

‘‘Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃcitto kulāni upasaṅkamati – ‘taṃ kutettha labbhā parakulesu – dentuyeva me, mā nādaṃsu; bahukaññeva me dentu, mā thokaṃ; paṇītaññeva me dentu, mā lūkhaṃ; dīghaññeva me dentu, mā dandhaṃ; sakkaccaññeva me dentu, mā asakkacca’nti. Tassa ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno evaṃcittassa kulāni upasaṅkamato na denti; tena bhikkhu na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Thokaṃ denti, no bahukaṃ; tena bhikkhu na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Lūkhaṃ denti, no paṇītaṃ; tena bhikkhu na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Dandhaṃ denti, no sīghaṃ; tena bhikkhu na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Asakkaccaṃ denti, no sakkaccaṃ; tena bhikkhu na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Evarūpo kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu arahati kulūpako hotuṃ.
PTS 2.202已對照

“諸比丘,迦葉以這樣的心前往諸家——‘在他人諸家中,這裡哪能得到那個:願[他們]只給我,莫不給;願只給我多的,莫少的;願只給我上妙的,莫粗劣的;願只迅速地給我,莫遲緩地;願只恭敬地給我,莫不恭敬地?’諸比丘,若迦葉以這樣的心前往諸家,[他們]不給;迦葉不因此受挫傷;他不以此為因緣而感受苦、憂。[他們]給少的,不給多的;迦葉不因此受挫傷;他不以此為因緣而感受苦、憂。[他們]給粗劣的,不給上妙的;迦葉不因此受挫傷;他不以此為因緣而感受苦、憂。[他們]遲緩地給,不迅速地給;迦葉不因此受挫傷;他不以此為因緣而感受苦、憂。[他們]不恭敬地給,不是恭敬地給;迦葉不因此受挫傷;他不以此為因緣而感受苦、憂。諸比丘,我將以迦葉,或以凡與迦葉相似者,來教誡你們;而你們被教誡之後,應當為成為如是而行道。”第四[經]。

‘‘Kassapo, bhikkhave, evaṃcitto kulāni upasaṅkamati – ‘taṃ kutettha labbhā parakulesu – dentuyeva me, mā nādaṃsu; bahukaññeva me dentu, mā thokaṃ; paṇītaññeva me dentu, mā lūkhaṃ; sīghaññeva me dentu, mā dandhaṃ; sakkaccaññeva me dentu, mā asakkacca’nti. Tassa ce, bhikkhave, kassapassa evaṃcittassa kulāni upasaṅkamato na denti; tena kassapo na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Thokaṃ denti, no bahukaṃ; tena kassapo na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Lūkhaṃ denti, no paṇītaṃ; tena kassapo na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Dandhaṃ denti, no sīghaṃ; tena kassapo na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Asakkaccaṃ denti, no sakkaccaṃ; tena kassapo na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Kassapena vā hi vo, bhikkhave, ovadissāmi yo vā panassa kassapasadiso. Ovaditehi ca pana vo tathattāya paṭipajjitabba’’nti. Catutthaṃ.
已對照

五、衰老經

5. Jiṇṇasuttaṃ
148緬 1.405已對照

一百四十八、如是我聞……乃至……王舍城竹林。那時,具壽大迦葉來到世尊那裡;到了之後,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。世尊對坐在一旁的具壽大迦葉這樣說:“迦葉,你如今已衰老了,而你這些麻制的糞掃衣、脫下之衣很重。因此,迦葉,你要穿居士衣,受用邀請[食],並住在我的近旁。”

148. Evaṃ me sutaṃ…pe… rājagahe veḷuvane. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘jiṇṇosi dāni tvaṃ, kassapa, garukāni ca te imāni sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanāni. Tasmātiha tvaṃ, kassapa, gahapatāni [gahapatikāni (sī.)] ceva cīvarāni dhārehi, nimantanāni ca bhuñjāhi, mama ca santike viharāhī’’ti.
已對照

“尊者,我長夜是林野住者,也是林野住之狀的讚歎者;是常乞食者,也是常乞食之狀的讚歎者;是持糞掃衣者,也是持糞掃衣之狀的讚歎者;是三衣者,也是三衣之狀的讚歎者;是少欲者,也是少欲之狀的讚歎者;是知足者,也是知足之狀的讚歎者;是遠離者,也是遠離的讚歎者;是不雜處者,也是不雜處的讚歎者;是發起精進者,也是發起精進的讚歎者。”

‘‘Ahaṃ kho, bhante, dīgharattaṃ āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva piṇḍapātikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, paṃsukūliko ceva paṃsukūlikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, tecīvariko ceva tecīvarikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, appiccho ceva appicchatāya ca vaṇṇavādī, santuṭṭho ceva santuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, pavivitto ceva pavivekassa ca vaṇṇavādī, asaṃsaṭṭho ceva asaṃsaggassa ca vaṇṇavādī, āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa [vīriyārabbhassa (ka.)] ca vaṇṇavādī’’ti.
已對照

“迦葉,你是見到什麼義利,長夜是林野住者,也是林野住之狀的讚歎者;是常乞食者……乃至……是持糞掃衣者……是三衣者……是少欲者……是知足者……是遠離者……是不雜處者……是發起精進者,也是發起精進的讚歎者?”

‘‘Kiṃ [kaṃ (ka.)] pana tvaṃ, kassapa, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno dīgharattaṃ āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva…pe… paṃsukūliko ceva… tecīvariko ceva… appiccho ceva… santuṭṭho ceva… pavivitto ceva… asaṃsaṭṭho ceva… āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī’’ti?
PTS 2.203緬 1.406已對照

“尊者,我是見到兩種義利,長夜是林野住者,也是林野住之狀的讚歎者;是常乞食者……乃至……是持糞掃衣者……是三衣者……是少欲者……是知足者……是遠離者……是不雜處者……是發起精進者,也是發起精進的讚歎者——見到自己的現法樂住,又憐憫後世的人眾:‘但願後世的人眾隨所見而行。’‘據說那些曾是佛與隨佛覺者之弟子的,他們長夜曾是林野住者,也是林野住之狀的讚歎者……乃至……曾是常乞食者……乃至……曾是持糞掃衣者……曾是三衣者……曾是少欲者……曾是知足者……曾是遠離者……曾是不雜處者……曾是發起精進者,也是發起精進的讚歎者。’他們將為成為如是而行道,那將長夜為他們帶來利益、安樂。

‘‘Dve khvāhaṃ, bhante, atthavase sampassamāno dīgharattaṃ āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva…pe… paṃsukūliko ceva… tecīvariko ceva… appiccho ceva… santuṭṭho ceva… pavivitto ceva… asaṃsaṭṭho ceva… āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī. Attano ca diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṃ sampassamāno, pacchimañca janataṃ anukampamāno – ‘appeva nāma pacchimā janatā diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjeyyuṃ’ [āpajjeyya (sī. syā. kaṃ.)]. ‘Ye kira te ahesuṃ buddhānubuddhasāvakā te dīgharattaṃ āraññikā ceva ahesuṃ āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādino…pe… piṇḍapātikā ceva ahesuṃ …pe… paṃsukūlikā ceva ahesuṃ… tecīvarikā ceva ahesuṃ… appicchā ceva ahesuṃ… santuṭṭhā ceva ahesuṃ… pavivittā ceva ahesuṃ… asaṃsaṭṭhā ceva ahesuṃ… āraddhavīriyā ceva ahesuṃ vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādino’ti. Te tathattāya paṭipajjissanti, tesaṃ taṃ bhavissati dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya.
已對照

“尊者,我是見到這兩種義利,長夜是林野住者,也是林野住之狀的讚歎者;是常乞食者……乃至……是持糞掃衣者……是三衣者……是少欲者……是知足者……是遠離者……是不雜處者……是發起精進者,也是發起精進的讚歎者。”

‘‘Ime khvāhaṃ, bhante, dve atthavase sampassamāno dīgharattaṃ āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva…pe… paṃsukūliko ceva… tecīvariko ceva… appiccho ceva… santuṭṭho ceva… pavivitto ceva… asaṃsaṭṭho ceva… āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī’’ti.
已對照

“善哉,善哉,迦葉!迦葉,據說你是為眾人的利益、為眾人的安樂、為悲憫世間,為天與人的義利、利益、安樂而行道。因此,迦葉,你就穿麻制的糞掃衣、脫下之衣,去乞食,住在林野吧。”第五[經]。

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, kassapa. Bahujanahitāya kira tvaṃ, kassapa, paṭipanno bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Tasmātiha tvaṃ, kassapa, sāṇāni ceva paṃsukūlāni dhārehi nibbasanāni, piṇḍāya ca carāhi, araññe ca viharāhī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
已對照

六、教誡經

6. Ovādasuttaṃ
149PTS 2.204已對照

一百四十九、在王舍城竹林。那時,具壽大迦葉來到世尊那裡;到了之後,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。世尊對坐在一旁的具壽大迦葉這樣說:“迦葉,你要教誡諸比丘;迦葉,你要為諸比丘作法語。迦葉,或是我教誡諸比丘,或是你;或是我為諸比丘作法語,或是你。”

149. Rājagahe veḷuvane. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘ovada, kassapa, bhikkhū; karohi, kassapa, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ. Ahaṃ vā, kassapa, bhikkhū ovadeyyaṃ tvaṃ vā; ahaṃ vā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kareyyaṃ tvaṃ vā’’ti.
已對照

“尊者,如今的比丘是難受勸者,具足諸作難受勸之法,不能忍、不善持教誡。尊者,在此,我看見名叫槃稠(Bhaṇḍa)的比丘——阿難的共住弟子,與名叫阿毗耆迦(Abhijika)的比丘——阿那律的共住弟子,以所聞互相爭勝:‘來,比丘,誰會說得更多?誰會說得更妙?誰會說得更久?’”

‘‘Dubbacā kho, bhante, etarahi bhikkhū, dovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgatā, akkhamā, appadakkhiṇaggāhino anusāsaniṃ. Idhāhaṃ, bhante, addasaṃ bhaṇḍañca [bhaṇḍuñca (sī.)] nāma bhikkhuṃ ānandassa saddhivihāriṃ abhijikañca [ābhiñjikañca (sī. ka.), ābhijjikañca (syā. kaṃ.)] nāma bhikkhuṃ anuruddhassa saddhivihāriṃ aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadante – ‘ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī’’’ti.
緬 1.407已對照

於是世尊召喚某位比丘:“來,比丘,你以我的話去召喚阿難的共住弟子槃稠比丘與阿那律的共住弟子阿毗耆迦比丘——‘導師召喚諸位具壽。’”“是的,尊者。”那位比丘應諾世尊之後,來到那些比丘那裡;到了之後,對那些比丘這樣說:“導師召喚諸位具壽。”

Atha kho bhagavā aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mama vacanena bhaṇḍañca bhikkhuṃ ānandassa saddhivihāriṃ abhijikañca bhikkhuṃ anuruddhassa saddhivihāriṃ āmantehi – ‘satthā āyasmante āmantetī’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato paṭissutvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘satthā āyasmante āmantetī’’ti.
PTS 2.205已對照

“是的,賢友。”那些比丘應諾那位比丘之後,來到世尊那裡;到了之後,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。世尊對坐在一旁的那些比丘這樣說:“諸比丘,據說你們以所聞互相爭勝:‘來,比丘,誰會說得更多?誰會說得更妙?誰會說得更久?’這是真的嗎?”“是的,尊者。”“諸比丘,你們是這樣了知我所說之法的嗎——‘諸比丘,來,你們以所聞互相爭勝:來,比丘,誰會說得更多?誰會說得更妙?誰會說得更久?’?”“不是的,尊者。”“諸比丘,你們既然並不這樣了知我所說之法,那麼,諸愚痴人,你們究竟知道什麼、見到什麼,在這樣善說的法與律中出家之後,卻以所聞互相爭勝:‘來,比丘,誰會說得更多?誰會說得更妙?誰會說得更久?’”

‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū tassa bhikkhuno paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho te bhikkhū bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘saccaṃ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadatha – ‘ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī’’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Kiṃ nu kho me tumhe, bhikkhave, evaṃ dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānātha – ‘etha tumhe, bhikkhave, aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadatha – ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘No ce kira me tumhe, bhikkhave, evaṃ dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānātha, atha kiṃ carahi tumhe, moghapurisā, kiṃ jānantā kiṃ passantā evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadatha – ‘ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī’’’ti.
已對照

於是那些比丘以頭伏於世尊足下,對世尊這樣說:“尊者,罪過戰勝了我們,如愚者、如痴者、如不善者——我們竟在這樣善說的法與律中出家之後,以所聞互相爭勝:‘來,比丘,誰會說得更多?誰會說得更妙?誰會說得更久?’尊者,願世尊接受我們的罪過為罪過,以便在將來防護。”

Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘accayo no, bhante, accagamā, yathābāle yathāmūḷhe yathāakusale [yathā bāle yathā mūḷhe yathā akusale (pī.), yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ (?)], ye mayaṃ evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadimha – ‘ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī’ti. Tesaṃ no, bhante, bhagavā accayaṃ accayato paṭiggaṇhātu āyatiṃ saṃvarāyā’’ti.
緬 1.408已對照

“確實,諸比丘,罪過戰勝了你們,如愚者、如痴者、如不善者——你們竟在這樣善說的法與律中出家之後,以所聞互相爭勝:‘來,比丘,誰會說得更多?誰會說得更妙?誰會說得更久?’但是,諸比丘,由於你們見罪過為罪過而如法悔改,我們接受你們的[悔過]。諸比丘,凡是見罪過為罪過而如法悔改、於將來防護者,這在聖者之律中就是增長。”第六[經]。

‘‘Taggha tumhe, bhikkhave, accayo accagamā yathābāle yathāmūḷhe yathāakusale, ye tumhe evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadittha – ‘ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī’ti. Yato ca kho tumhe, bhikkhave, accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikarotha, taṃ vo mayaṃ [mayaṃ accayaṃ (sī.)] paṭiggaṇhāma. Vuddhi hesā, bhikkhave, ariyassa vinaye yo accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikaroti āyatiñca saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
已對照

七、第二教誡經

7. Dutiyaovādasuttaṃ
150PTS 2.206已對照

一百五十、住在王舍城竹林。那時,具壽大迦葉來到世尊那裡……乃至……世尊對坐在一旁的具壽大迦葉這樣說:“迦葉,你要教誡諸比丘;迦葉,你要為諸比丘作法語。迦葉,或是我教誡諸比丘,或是你;或是我為諸比丘作法語,或是你。”

150. Rājagahe viharati veḷuvane [sāvatthi, tatra-etadavoca (sī.)]. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘ovada, kassapa, bhikkhū; karohi, kassapa, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ. Ahaṃ vā, kassapa, bhikkhū ovadeyyaṃ tvaṃ vā; ahaṃ vā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kareyyaṃ tvaṃ vā’’ti.
已對照

“尊者,如今的比丘是難受勸者,具足諸作難受勸之法,不能忍、不善持教誡。尊者,凡任何人,於諸善法無信,於諸善法無慚,於諸善法無愧,於諸善法無精進,於諸善法無慧,那麼對他來說,無論夜或晝到來,於諸善法唯可期衰損,而非增長。

‘‘Dubbacā kho, bhante, etarahi bhikkhū, dovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgatā akkhamā appadakkhiṇaggāhino anusāsaniṃ. Yassa kassaci, bhante, saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī [hiri (sabbattha)] natthi kusalesu dhammesu, ottappaṃ natthi kusalesu dhammesu, vīriyaṃ natthi kusalesu dhammesu, paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati [āgacchanti (sī.)], hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuddhi.
已對照

“尊者,譬如在黑分,月亮無論夜或晝到來,都只是於顏色衰損,於圓輪衰損,於光衰損,於高與圍衰損。同樣,尊者,凡任何人於諸善法無信……乃至……無慚……無愧……無精進……無慧……於諸善法,那麼對他來說,無論夜或晝到來,於諸善法唯可期衰損,而非增長。

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhante, kāḷapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāyateva vaṇṇena, hāyati maṇḍalena, hāyati ābhāya, hāyati ārohapariṇāhena. Evameva kho, bhante, yassa kassaci saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… hirī natthi… ottappaṃ natthi … vīriyaṃ natthi… paññā natthi… kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuddhi.
緬 1.409已對照

“尊者,‘無信的人’——這是退失;尊者,‘無慚的人’——這是退失;尊者,‘無愧的人’——這是退失;尊者,‘懈怠的人’——這是退失;尊者,‘劣慧的人’——這是退失;尊者,‘忿怒的人’——這是退失;尊者,‘怨恨的人’——這是退失;尊者,‘沒有比丘作教誡者’——這是退失。

‘‘‘Assaddho purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; ‘ahiriko purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; ‘anottappī purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; ‘kusīto purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; ‘duppañño purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; ‘kodhano purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; ‘upanāhī purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; ‘na santi bhikkhū ovādakā’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ.
已對照

“尊者,凡任何人,於諸善法有信,於諸善法有慚,於諸善法有愧,於諸善法有精進,於諸善法有慧,那麼對他來說,無論夜或晝到來,於諸善法唯可期增長,而非退減。

‘‘Yassa kassaci, bhante, saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī atthi kusalesu dhammesu, ottappaṃ atthi kusalesu dhammesu, vīriyaṃ atthi kusalesu dhammesu, paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni.
PTS 2.207已對照

“尊者,譬如在白分,月亮無論夜或晝到來,都只是於顏色增長,於圓輪增長,於光增長,於高與圍增長。同樣,尊者,凡任何人於諸善法有信……有慚……乃至……有愧……有精進……於諸善法有慧,那麼對他來說,無論夜或晝到來,於諸善法唯可期增長,而非退減。

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhante, juṇhapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vaḍḍhateva vaṇṇena, vaḍḍhati maṇḍalena, vaḍḍhati ābhāya, vaḍḍhati ārohapariṇāhena. Evameva kho, bhante, yassa kassaci saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu… hirī atthi…pe… ottappaṃ atthi… vīriyaṃ atthi… paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni.
已對照

“尊者,‘有信的人’——這是不退失;尊者,‘有慚的人’——這是不退失;尊者,‘有愧的人’——這是不退失;尊者,‘發起精進的人’——這是不退失;尊者,‘有慧的人’——這是不退失;尊者,‘不忿怒的人’——這是不退失;尊者,‘不怨恨的人’——這是不退失;尊者,‘有比丘作教誡者’——這是不退失。”

‘‘‘Saddho purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; ‘hirimā purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; ‘ottappī purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; ‘āraddhavīriyo purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; ‘paññavā purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; ‘akkodhano purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; ‘anupanāhī purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; ‘santi bhikkhū ovādakā’ti, bhante, aparihānameta’’nti.
已對照

“善哉,善哉,迦葉!迦葉,凡任何人於諸善法無信……乃至……無慚……無愧……無精進……於諸善法無慧,那麼對他來說,無論夜或晝到來,於諸善法唯可期衰損,而非增長。

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, kassapa. Yassa kassaci, kassapa, saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… hirī natthi… ottappaṃ natthi… vīriyaṃ natthi… paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuddhi.
緬 1.410已對照

“迦葉,譬如在黑分,月亮無論夜或晝到來,都只是於顏色衰損……乃至……於高與圍衰損。同樣,迦葉,凡任何人於諸善法無信……乃至……無慚……無愧……無精進……於諸善法無慧,那麼對他來說,無論夜或晝到來,於諸善法唯可期衰損,而非增長。迦葉,‘無信的人’——這是退失;無慚的……乃至……無愧的……懈怠的……劣慧的……忿怒的……迦葉,‘怨恨的人’——這是退失;迦葉,‘沒有比丘作教誡者’——這是退失。

‘‘Seyyathāpi, kassapa, kāḷapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāyateva vaṇṇena…pe… hāyati ārohapariṇāhena. Evameva kho, kassapa, yassa kassaci saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… hirī natthi… ottappaṃ natthi… vīriyaṃ natthi… paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuddhi. ‘Assaddho purisapuggalo’ti, kassapa, parihānametaṃ; ahiriko…pe… anottappī… kusīto… duppañño… kodhano… ‘upanāhī purisapuggalo’ti, kassapa, parihānametaṃ; ‘na santi bhikkhū ovādakā’ti, kassapa, parihānametaṃ.
已對照

“迦葉,凡任何人於諸善法有信……乃至……有慚……有愧……有精進……於諸善法有慧,那麼對他來說,無論夜或晝到來,於諸善法唯可期增長,而非退減。

‘‘Yassa kassaci, kassapa, saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… hirī atthi… ottappaṃ atthi… vīriyaṃ atthi… paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni.
PTS 2.208已對照

“迦葉,譬如在白分,月亮無論夜或晝到來,都只是於顏色增長,於圓輪增長,於光增長,於高與圍增長。同樣,迦葉,凡任何人於諸善法有信、有慚……有愧……有精進……於諸善法有慧,那麼對他來說,無論夜或晝到來,於諸善法唯可期增長,而非退減。

‘‘Seyyathāpi, kassapa, juṇhapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vaḍḍhateva vaṇṇena, vaḍḍhati maṇḍalena, vaḍḍhati ābhāya, vaḍḍhati ārohapariṇāhena. Evameva kho, kassapa, yassa kassaci saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu hirī atthi… ottappaṃ atthi… vīriyaṃ atthi… paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni.
已對照

“迦葉,‘有信的人’——這是不退失;有慚的……乃至……有愧的……發起精進的……有慧的……不忿怒的……迦葉,‘不怨恨的人’——這是不退失;迦葉,‘有比丘作教誡者’——這是不退失。”第七[經]。

‘‘‘Saddho purisapuggalo’ti, kassapa, aparihānametaṃ; hirimā…pe… ottappī… āraddhavīriyo… paññavā… akkodhano… ‘anupanāhī purisapuggalo’ti, kassapa, aparihānametaṃ; ‘santi bhikkhū ovādakā’ti, kassapa, aparihānameta’’nti. Sattamaṃ.
已對照

八、第三教誡經

8. Tatiyaovādasuttaṃ
151已對照

一百五十一、在王舍城迦蘭陀園。那時,具壽大迦葉來到世尊那裡;到了之後,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。世尊對坐在一旁的具壽大迦葉這樣說:“迦葉,你要教誡諸比丘;迦葉,你要為諸比丘作法語。迦葉,或是我教誡諸比丘,或是你;或是我為諸比丘作法語,或是你。”

151. Rājagahe kalandakanivāpe [sāvatthi, ārāme (sī.)]. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘ovada, kassapa, bhikkhū; karohi, kassapa, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ. Ahaṃ vā, kassapa, bhikkhūnaṃ ovadeyyaṃ tvaṃ vā; ahaṃ vā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kareyyaṃ tvaṃ vā’’ti.
PTS 2.209緬 1.411已對照

“尊者,如今的比丘是難受勸者,具足諸作難受勸之法,不能忍、不善持教誡。”“迦葉,這是因為:從前的長老比丘們既是林野住者,也是林野住之狀的讚歎者;既是常乞食者,也是常乞食之狀的讚歎者;既是持糞掃衣者,也是持糞掃衣之狀的讚歎者;既是三衣者,也是三衣之狀的讚歎者;既是少欲者,也是少欲之狀的讚歎者;既是知足者,也是知足之狀的讚歎者;既是遠離者,也是遠離的讚歎者;既是不雜處者,也是不雜處的讚歎者;既是發起精進者,也是發起精進的讚歎者。

‘‘Dubbacā kho, bhante, etarahi bhikkhū, dovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgatā, akkhamā, appadakkhiṇaggāhino anusāsanī’’nti. ‘‘Tathā hi pana, kassapa, pubbe therā bhikkhū āraññikā ceva ahesuṃ āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādino, piṇḍapātikā ceva ahesuṃ piṇḍapātikattassa ca vaṇṇavādino, paṃsukūlikā ceva ahesuṃ paṃsukūlikattassa ca vaṇṇavādino, tecīvarikā ceva ahesuṃ tecīvarikattassa ca vaṇṇavādino, appicchā ceva ahesuṃ appicchatāya ca vaṇṇavādino, santuṭṭhā ceva ahesuṃ santuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādino, pavivittā ceva ahesuṃ pavivekassa ca vaṇṇavādino, asaṃsaṭṭhā ceva ahesuṃ asaṃsaggassa ca vaṇṇavādino, āraddhavīriyā ceva ahesuṃ vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādino.
已對照

“於此,凡有比丘既是林野住者,也是林野住之狀的讚歎者,既是常乞食者,也是常乞食之狀的讚歎者,既是持糞掃衣者,也是持糞掃衣之狀的讚歎者,既是三衣者,也是三衣之狀的讚歎者,既是少欲者,也是少欲之狀的讚歎者,既是知足者,也是知足之狀的讚歎者,既是遠離者,也是遠離的讚歎者,既是不雜處者,也是不雜處的讚歎者,既是發起精進者,也是發起精進的讚歎者,長老比丘們便以座位邀請他:‘來,比丘,這位比丘叫什麼名字?這位比丘真是賢善,這位比丘真是樂於學;來,比丘,請坐這個座位。’”

‘‘Tatra yo hoti bhikkhu āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva piṇḍapātikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, paṃsukūliko ceva paṃsukūlikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, tecīvariko ceva tecīvarikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, appiccho ceva appicchatāya ca vaṇṇavādī, santuṭṭho ceva santuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, pavivitto ceva pavivekassa ca vaṇṇavādī, asaṃsaṭṭho ceva asaṃsaggassa ca vaṇṇavādī, āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī, taṃ therā bhikkhū āsanena nimantenti – ‘ehi, bhikkhu, ko nāmāyaṃ bhikkhu, bhaddako vatāyaṃ bhikkhu, sikkhākāmo vatāyaṃ bhikkhu; ehi, bhikkhu, idaṃ āsanaṃ nisīdāhī’’’ti.
已對照

“迦葉,於此,新學比丘們會這樣想:‘據說凡有比丘既是林野住者,也是林野住之狀的讚歎者,既是常乞食者……乃至……既是持糞掃衣者……既是三衣者……既是少欲者……既是知足者……既是遠離者……既是不雜處者……既是發起精進者,也是發起精進的讚歎者,長老比丘們便以座位邀請他——來,比丘,這位比丘叫什麼名字?這位比丘真是賢善,這位比丘真是樂於學;來,比丘,請坐這個座位。’他們便為了那樣的狀態而行道;那使他們長夜得利益與安樂。

‘‘Tatra, kassapa, navānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘yo kira so hoti bhikkhu āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva…pe… paṃsukūliko ceva… tecīvariko ceva… appiccho ceva… santuṭṭho ceva… pavivitto ceva… asaṃsaṭṭho ceva… āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī, taṃ therā bhikkhū āsanena nimantenti – ehi, bhikkhu, ko nāmāyaṃ bhikkhu, bhaddako vatāyaṃ bhikkhu, sikkhākāmo vatāyaṃ bhikkhu; ehi, bhikkhu, idaṃ āsanaṃ nisīdāhī’ti. Te tathattāya paṭipajjanti; tesaṃ taṃ hoti dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya.
PTS 2.210已對照

“然而,迦葉,如今的長老比丘們既不是林野住者,也不是林野住之狀的讚歎者;既不是常乞食者,也不是常乞食之狀的讚歎者;既不是持糞掃衣者,也不是持糞掃衣之狀的讚歎者;既不是三衣者,也不是三衣之狀的讚歎者;既不是少欲者,也不是少欲之狀的讚歎者;既不是知足者,也不是知足之狀的讚歎者;既不是遠離者,也不是遠離的讚歎者;既不是不雜處者,也不是不雜處的讚歎者;既不是發起精進者,也不是發起精進的讚歎者。

‘‘Etarahi pana, kassapa, therā bhikkhū na ceva āraññikā na ca āraññikattassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva piṇḍapātikā na ca piṇḍapātikattassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva paṃsukūlikā na ca paṃsukūlikattassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva tecīvarikā na ca tecīvarikattassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva appicchā na ca appicchatāya vaṇṇavādino, na ceva santuṭṭhā na ca santuṭṭhiyā vaṇṇavādino, na ceva pavivittā na ca pavivekassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva asaṃsaṭṭhā na ca asaṃsaggassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva āraddhavīriyā na ca vīriyārambhassa vaṇṇavādino.
緬 1.412已對照

“於此,凡有比丘知名而有聲譽,得到衣、缽食、坐臥處、病者所需的醫藥資具,長老比丘們便以座位邀請他:‘來,比丘,這位比丘叫什麼名字?這位比丘真是賢善,這位比丘真是希求同梵行者[圍繞];來,比丘,請坐這個座位。’”

‘‘Tatra yo hoti bhikkhu ñāto yasassī lābhī cīvara-piṇḍapāta-senāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ taṃ therā bhikkhū āsanena nimantenti – ‘ehi, bhikkhu, ko nāmāyaṃ bhikkhu, bhaddako vatāyaṃ bhikkhu, sabrahmacārikāmo vatāyaṃ bhikkhu; ehi, bhikkhu, idaṃ āsanaṃ nisīdāhī’’’ti.
已對照

“迦葉,於此,新學比丘們會這樣想:‘據說凡有比丘知名而有聲譽,得到衣、缽食、坐臥處、病者所需的醫藥資具,長老比丘們便以座位邀請他——來,比丘,這位比丘叫什麼名字?這位比丘真是賢善,這位比丘真是希求同梵行者[圍繞];來,比丘,請坐這個座位。’他們便為了那樣的狀態而行道;那使他們長夜不利、受苦。迦葉,凡正確地說者所會說的——‘梵行者被梵行者的禍患所禍害,梵行者因梵行者的過度希求而[陷於]過度希求’——迦葉,如今正確地說者正會[這樣]說——‘梵行者被梵行者的禍患所禍害,梵行者因梵行者的過度希求而[陷於]過度希求。’”第八[經]。

‘‘Tatra, kassapa, navānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘yo kira so hoti bhikkhu ñāto yasassī lābhī cīvara-piṇḍapāta-senāsana-gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ taṃ therā bhikkhū āsanena nimantenti – ehi, bhikkhu, ko nāmāyaṃ bhikkhu, bhaddako vatāyaṃ bhikkhu, sabrahmacārikāmo vatāyaṃ bhikkhu; ehi, bhikkhu, idaṃ āsanaṃ nisīdāhī’ti. Te tathattāya paṭipajjanti. Tesaṃ taṃ hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya. Yañhi taṃ, kassapa, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘upaddutā brahmacārī brahmacārūpaddavena abhipatthanā [abhibhavanā (sī.)] brahmacārī brahmacāriabhipatthanenā’ti [brahmacāriabhibhavanenāti (sī.)], etarahi taṃ, kassapa, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘upaddutā brahmacārī brahmacārūpaddavena abhipatthanā brahmacārī brahmacāriabhipatthanenā’’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
已對照

九、禪與神通經

9. Jhānābhiññasuttaṃ
152PTS 2.211已對照

一百五十二、住在舍衛城……乃至……“諸比丘,我只要願意,便離諸欲,離諸不善法,有尋、有伺,離生喜、樂,成就並住於初禪。諸比丘,迦葉也只要願意,便離諸欲,離諸不善法,有尋、有伺,離生喜、樂,成就並住於初禪。”

152. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati’’.
已對照

“諸比丘,我只要願意,便尋、伺寂止,內潔淨,心專一性,無尋、無伺,定生喜、樂,成就並住於第二禪。諸比丘,迦葉也只要願意,便尋、伺寂止……乃至……成就並住於第二禪。

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
緬 1.413已對照

“諸比丘,我只要願意,便離喜,住於舍,具念與正知,以身受樂,正如聖者們所說的:‘舍、具念、樂住。’成就並住於第三禪。諸比丘,迦葉也只要願意,便離喜,住於舍,具念與正知,以身受樂,正如聖者們所說的:‘舍、具念、樂住。’成就並住於第三禪。

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharāmi sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedemi, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
已對照

“諸比丘,我只要願意,便舍斷樂與舍斷苦,先前的喜、憂已經滅沒,不苦不樂,舍念清淨,成就並住於第四禪。諸比丘,迦葉也只要願意,便舍斷樂……乃至……成就並住於第四禪。

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati sukhassa ca pahānā …pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
已對照

“諸比丘,我只要願意,便完全超越色想,有對想滅沒,不作意種種想,[知]‘虛空是無邊的’,成就並住於空無邊處。諸比丘,迦葉也只要願意,便完全超越色想……乃至……成就並住於空無邊處。

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ananto ākāsoti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā…pe… ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.
PTS 2.212已對照

“諸比丘,我只要願意,便完全超越空無邊處,[知]‘識是無邊的’,成就並住於識無邊處。諸比丘,迦葉也只要願意,便完全超越空無邊處,[知]‘識是無邊的’,成就並住於識無邊處。

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma anantaṃ viññāṇanti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma anantaṃ viññāṇanti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.
已對照

“諸比丘,我只要願意,便完全超越識無邊處,[知]‘什麼都沒有’,成就並住於無所有處。諸比丘,迦葉也只要願意……乃至……成就並住於無所有處。

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati…pe… ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.
已對照

“諸比丘,我只要願意,便完全超越無所有處,成就並住於非想非非想處。諸比丘,迦葉也只要願意……乃至……成就並住於非想非非想處。

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati…pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.
已對照

“諸比丘,我只要願意,便完全超越非想非非想處,成就並住於想受滅。諸比丘,迦葉也……乃至……成就並住於想受滅。

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave…pe… saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati.
緬 1.414已對照

“諸比丘,我只要願意,便體驗多種神變——一身變成多身,多身合成一身;或顯現,或隱沒;穿越牆壁、垣牆、山嶽,無所障礙,猶如在虛空中;出沒於大地之中,猶如在水中;在水上行走而不沉沒,猶如在地上;在虛空中結跏趺坐而行,猶如有翼之鳥;甚至以手觸摸、撫摸這有如此大神力、如此大威德的日月;以身自在通行,直到梵天界。諸比丘,迦葉也只要願意,便體驗多種神變……乃至……以身自在通行,直到梵天界。

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhomi – ekopi hutvā bahudhā homi, bahudhāpi hutvā eko homi; āvibhāvaṃ, tirobhāvaṃ, tirokuṭṭaṃ, tiropākāraṃ, tiropabbataṃ, asajjamāno gacchāmi, seyyathāpi ākāse; pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karomi, seyyathāpi udake; udakepi abhijjamāne gacchāmi, seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ; ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamāmi, seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo; imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve pāṇinā parimasāmi parimajjāmi; yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattemi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti…pe… yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti.
已對照

“諸比丘,我只要願意,便以清淨、超人的天耳界,聽見天的與人的兩種聲音,無論遠的還是近的。諸比丘,迦葉也只要願意,便以天耳界……乃至……無論遠的還是近的。

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya ubho sadde suṇāmi, dibbe ca mānuse ca, ye dūre santike ca. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati dibbāya sotadhātuyā…pe… dūre santike ca.
PTS 2.213已對照

“諸比丘,我只要願意,便以自己的心遍知其他眾生、其他人的心——有貪的心,了知為‘有貪的心’;離貪的心,了知為‘離貪的心’;有瞋的心……乃至……離瞋的心……有痴的心……離痴的心……萎縮的心……散亂的心……廣大的心……不廣大的心……有上的心……無上的心……得定的心……無定的心……解脫的心……未解脫的心,了知為‘未解脫的心’。諸比丘,迦葉也只要願意,便以自己的心遍知其他眾生、其他人的心——有貪的心,了知為‘有貪的心’……乃至……未解脫的心,了知為‘未解脫的心’。

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāmi – sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ sarāgaṃ cittanti pajānāmi, vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ vītarāgaṃ cittanti pajānāmi, sadosaṃ vā cittaṃ…pe… vītadosaṃ vā cittaṃ… samohaṃ vā cittaṃ… vītamohaṃ vā cittaṃ… saṃkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ… vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ… mahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ… amahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ… sauttaraṃ vā cittaṃ… anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ… samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ… asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ… vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ… avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ avimuttaṃ cittanti pajānāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti – sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ sarāgaṃ cittanti pajānāti…pe… avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ avimuttaṃ cittanti pajānāti.
緬 1.415已對照

“諸比丘,我只要願意,便回憶起多種宿住,即:一生、二生、三生、四生、五生、十生、二十生、三十生、四十生、五十生、一百生、一千生、十萬生、許多壞劫、許多成劫、許多壞成劫——‘我在那裡有如此的名字、如此的種姓、如此的容貌、如此的食物,經歷如此的苦樂,有如此的壽量;從那裡死後,投生到那裡;在那裡又有如此的名字、如此的種姓、如此的容貌、如此的食物,經歷如此的苦樂,有如此的壽量;從那裡死後,投生到這裡。’如此,我回憶起具有行相、具有細節的多種宿住。諸比丘,迦葉也只要願意,便回憶起多種宿住,即:一生……乃至……如此,他回憶起具有行相、具有細節的多種宿住。

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarāmi, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi, anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe – ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati.
PTS 2.214已對照

“諸比丘,我只要願意,便以清淨、超人的天眼,看見眾生的死亡與投生:或低賤或高貴,或美麗或醜陋,或善趣或惡趣,了知眾生隨業而去——‘這些眾生確實具足身惡行、具足語惡行、具足意惡行,誹謗聖者,持邪見,受持邪見之業;他們身壞命終之後,投生於苦界、惡趣、墮處、地獄。而這些眾生具足身善行、具足語善行、具足意善行,不誹謗聖者,持正見,受持正見之業;他們身壞命終之後,投生於善趣、天界。’如此,我以清淨、超人的天眼,看見眾生的死亡與投生:或低賤或高貴,或美麗或醜陋,或善趣或惡趣,了知眾生隨業而去。諸比丘,迦葉也只要願意,便以清淨、超人的天眼,看見眾生的死亡……乃至……了知眾生隨業而去。

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāmi – ‘ime vata, bhonto, sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā; te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā, ime vā pana, bhonto, sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā; te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti.
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“諸比丘,我由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住。諸比丘,迦葉也由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住。”第九[經]。

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
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十、住處經

10. Upassayasuttaṃ
153PTS 2.215緬 1.416已對照

一百五十三、如是我聞——一時,具壽大迦葉住在舍衛城祇樹林給孤獨園。那時,具壽阿難在午前穿好[下]衣,取缽與衣,來到具壽大迦葉那裡;到了之後,對具壽大迦葉這樣說:“迦葉尊者,來,我們去某個比丘尼住處吧。”“阿難賢友,你去吧,你事務繁多、所作繁多。”第二次,具壽阿難對具壽大迦葉這樣說:“迦葉尊者,來,我們去某個比丘尼住處吧。”“阿難賢友,你去吧,你事務繁多、所作繁多。”第三次,具壽阿難對具壽大迦葉這樣說:“迦葉尊者,來,我們去某個比丘尼住處吧。”

153. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā mahākassapo sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āyāma, bhante kassapa, yena aññataro bhikkhunupassayo tenupasaṅkamissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Gaccha tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, bahukicco tvaṃ bahukaraṇīyo’’ti. Dutiyampi kho āyasmā ānando āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āyāma, bhante kassapa, yena aññataro bhikkhunupassayo tenupasaṅkamissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Gaccha tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, bahukicco tvaṃ bahukaraṇīyo’’ti. Tatiyampi kho āyasmā ānando āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āyāma, bhante kassapa, yena aññataro bhikkhunupassayo tenupasaṅkamissāmā’’ti.
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於是具壽大迦葉在午前穿好[下]衣,取缽與衣,以具壽阿難為隨行沙門,來到某個比丘尼住處;到了之後,坐在所敷設的座位上。於是眾多比丘尼來到具壽大迦葉那裡;到了之後,禮敬具壽大迦葉,坐在一旁。具壽大迦葉以法語為坐在一旁的那些比丘尼開示、勸導、激勵、令歡喜。於是具壽大迦葉以法語為那些比丘尼開示、勸導、激勵、令歡喜之後,從座而起,離去了。

Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya āyasmatā ānandena pacchāsamaṇena yena aññataro bhikkhunupassayo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhuniyo yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho tā bhikkhuniyo āyasmā mahākassapo dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo tā bhikkhuniyo dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
PTS 2.216已對照

於是偷蘭帝須比丘尼心懷不悅,發出了不悅之語:“聖者大迦葉怎麼竟認為可以在聖者阿難——毗提訶牟尼——的面前說法呢?譬如賣針者認為可以在制針者面前賣針;同樣,聖者大迦葉竟認為可以在聖者阿難——毗提訶牟尼——的面前說法。”

Atha kho thullatissā bhikkhunī anattamanā anattamanavācaṃ nicchāresi – ‘‘kiṃ pana ayyo mahākassapo, ayyassa ānandassa vedehamunino sammukhā dhammaṃ bhāsitabbaṃ maññati? Seyyathāpi nāma sūcivāṇijako sūcikārassa santike sūciṃ vikketabbaṃ maññeyya; evameva ayyo mahākassapo ayyassa ānandassa vedehamunino sammukhā dhammaṃ bhāsitabbaṃ maññatī’’ti.
緬 1.417已對照

具壽大迦葉聽到了偷蘭帝須比丘尼說這番話。於是具壽大迦葉對具壽阿難這樣說:“阿難賢友,究竟是我是賣針者、你是制針者呢,還是我是制針者、你是賣針者呢?”“迦葉尊者,請原諒,女人是愚人。”“阿難賢友,你且住,莫讓僧團更進一步詳察你。”

Assosi kho āyasmā mahākassapo thullatissāya bhikkhuniyā imaṃ vācaṃ bhāsamānāya. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, āvuso ānanda, ahaṃ sūcivāṇijako, tvaṃ sūcikāro; udāhu ahaṃ sūcikāro, tvaṃ sūcivāṇijako’’ti? ‘‘Khama, bhante kassapa, bālo mātugāmo’’ti. ‘‘Āgamehi tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, mā te saṅgho uttari upaparikkhi’’.
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“阿難賢友,你認為怎樣,你可曾在世尊面前、在比丘僧團中被這樣引舉——‘諸比丘,我只要願意,便離諸欲,離諸不善法,有尋、有伺,離生喜、樂,成就並住於初禪。諸比丘,阿難也只要願意,便離諸欲,離諸不善法,有尋、有伺,離生喜、樂,成就並住於初禪’?”“不是的,尊者。”

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso ānanda, api nu tvaṃ bhagavato sammukhā bhikkhusaṅghe upanīto – ‘ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Ānandopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
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“賢友,我曾在世尊面前、在比丘僧團中被這樣引舉——‘諸比丘,我只要願意,便離諸欲,離諸不善法,有尋、有伺,離生喜、樂,成就並住於初禪。諸比丘,迦葉也只要願意,便離諸欲,離諸不善法……乃至……成就並住於初禪’……乃至……(九次第住等至與五神通,應這樣詳說。)

‘‘Ahaṃ kho, āvuso, bhagavato sammukhā bhikkhusaṅghe upanīto – ‘ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī’ti…pe…. (Navannaṃ anupubbavihārasamāpattīnaṃ pañcannañca abhiññānaṃ evaṃ vitthāro veditabbo.)
PTS 2.217已對照

“阿難賢友,你認為怎樣,你可曾在世尊面前、在比丘僧團中被這樣引舉——‘諸比丘,我由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住。諸比丘,阿難也由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住’?”“不是的,尊者。”

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso ānanda, api nu tvaṃ bhagavato sammukhā bhikkhusaṅghe upanīto – ‘ahaṃ, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi. Ānandopi, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
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“賢友,我曾在世尊面前、在比丘僧團中被這樣引舉——‘諸比丘,我由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住。諸比丘,迦葉也由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住。’

‘‘Ahaṃ kho, āvuso, bhagavato sammukhā bhikkhusaṅghe upanīto – ‘ahaṃ, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’’’ti.
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“賢友,凡認為我的六神通可以遮掩者,他也就會認為一頭七肘高或七肘半高的象可用一小片多羅葉遮掩。”

‘‘Sattaratanaṃ vā, āvuso, nāgaṃ aḍḍhaṭṭhamaratanaṃ vā tālapattikāya chādetabbaṃ maññeyya, yo me cha abhiññā chādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’’ti.
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而偷蘭帝須比丘尼從梵行退墮了。第十[經]。

Cavittha ca pana thullatissā bhikkhunī brahmacariyamhāti. Dasamaṃ.
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十一、衣經

11. Cīvarasuttaṃ
154緬 1.418已對照

一百五十四、一時,具壽大迦葉(Mahākassapa)住在王舍城竹林迦蘭陀園。那時,具壽阿難(Ānanda)與大比丘僧團一起在南山(Dakkhiṇāgiri)遊行。

154. Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā mahākassapo rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā ānando dakkhiṇagirismiṃ cārikaṃ carati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ.
PTS 2.218已對照

那時,具壽阿難約有三十位共住弟子比丘捨棄學處而還俗了,[他們]大多是年少者。於是,具壽阿難在南山隨意遊行之後,來到王舍城竹林迦蘭陀園、具壽大迦葉之處;到了之後,禮敬具壽大迦葉,坐在一旁。具壽大迦葉對坐在一旁的具壽阿難這樣說:“阿難賢友,世尊是依據幾種利益,而在諸俗家中制定三人食(tikabhojana)的呢?”

Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato ānandassa tiṃsamattā saddhivihārino bhikkhū sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattā bhavanti yebhuyyena kumārabhūtā. Atha kho āyasmā ānando dakkhiṇagirismiṃ yathābhirantaṃ cārikaṃ caritvā yena rājagahaṃ veḷuvanaṃ kalandakanivāpo yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āyasmā mahākassapo etadavoca – ‘‘kati nu kho, āvuso ānanda, atthavase paṭicca bhagavatā kulesu tikabhojanaṃ paññatta’’nti?
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“迦葉尊者,世尊是依據三種利益,而在諸俗家中制定三人食的:為了制伏無羞之人(dummaṅku),為了善良比丘們的安樂住,[為了]不讓惡欲者依黨派而破僧團,以及出於對諸俗家的憐憫。迦葉尊者,世尊正是依據這三種利益,而在諸俗家中制定三人食的。”

‘‘Tayo kho, bhante kassapa, atthavase paṭicca bhagavatā kulesu tikabhojanaṃ paññattaṃ – dummaṅkūnaṃ puggalānaṃ niggahāya pesalānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ phāsuvihārāya, mā pāpicchā pakkhaṃ nissāya saṅghaṃ bhindeyyuṃ [vinayapiṭake cūḷavagge saṃghabhedakakkhandhake vajirabuddhiyaṃ aññathā sambandho dassito], kulānuddayatāya ca. Ime kho, bhante kassapa, tayo atthavase paṭicca bhagavatā kulesu tikabhojanaṃ paññatta’’nti.
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“阿難賢友,那麼你為什麼與這些於諸根不護門、於食不知量、不勤修警寤的新比丘一起遊行呢?我看你是在毀壞莊稼而遊行,我看你是在毀害俗家而遊行。阿難賢友,你的會眾在崩潰;賢友,你那些大多是新人的[弟子]在瓦解。這孩子真不知分量啊!”

‘‘Atha kiñcarahi tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, imehi navehi bhikkhūhi indriyesu aguttadvārehi bhojane amattaññūhi jāgariyaṃ ananuyuttehi saddhiṃ cārikaṃ carasi? Sassaghātaṃ maññe carasi, kulūpaghātaṃ maññe carasi. Olujjati [ullujjati (sī. aṭṭhakathāsu ca)] kho te, āvuso ānanda, parisā; palujjanti kho te, āvuso, navappāyā. Na vāyaṃ kumārako mattamaññāsī’’ti.
PTS 2.219緬 1.419已對照

“迦葉尊者,我頭上已生白髮了,然而直到今天,我們還是免不了具壽大迦葉的‘孩子’之語。”“阿難賢友,正因為你與這些於諸根不護門、於食不知量、不勤修警寤的新比丘一起遊行,我看你是在毀壞莊稼而遊行,我看你是在毀害俗家而遊行。阿難賢友,你的會眾在崩潰;賢友,你那些大多是新人的[弟子]在瓦解。這孩子真不知分量啊!”

‘‘Api me, bhante kassapa, sirasmiṃ palitāni jātāni. Atha ca pana mayaṃ ajjāpi āyasmato mahākassapassa kumārakavādā na muccāmā’’ti. ‘‘Tathā hi pana tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, imehi navehi bhikkhūhi indriyesu aguttadvārehi bhojane amattaññūhi jāgariyaṃ ananuyuttehi saddhiṃ cārikaṃ carasi, sassaghātaṃ maññe carasi, kulūpaghātaṃ maññe carasi. Olujjati kho te, āvuso ānanda, parisā; palujjanti kho te, āvuso, navappāyā. [palujjati kho te āvuso ānanda parisā (ka. sī.)] Na vāyaṃ kumārako mattamaññāsī’’ti.
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偷蘭難陀(Thullanandā)比丘尼聽說:“據說聖者大迦葉以‘孩子’之語貶斥了聖者阿難——毗提訶牟尼(vedehamuni)。”

Assosi kho thullanandā bhikkhunī – ‘‘ayyena kira mahākassapena ayyo ānando vedehamuni kumārakavādena apasādito’’ti.
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於是偷蘭難陀比丘尼心懷不悅,發出了不悅之語:“聖者大迦葉先前是其他外道者,怎麼竟認為可以用‘孩子’之語貶斥聖者阿難——毗提訶牟尼呢!”具壽大迦葉聽到了偷蘭難陀比丘尼說這番話。

Atha kho thullanandā bhikkhunī anattamanā anattamanavācaṃ nicchāresi – ‘‘kiṃ pana ayyo mahākassapo aññatitthiyapubbo samāno ayyaṃ ānandaṃ vedehamuniṃ kumārakavādena apasādetabbaṃ maññatī’’ti! Assosi kho āyasmā mahākassapo thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā imaṃ vācaṃ bhāsamānāya.
PTS 2.220已對照

於是具壽大迦葉對具壽阿難這樣說:“阿難賢友,偷蘭難陀比丘尼確實是倉促地、未加省思便說出了這話。賢友,自從我剃除鬚髮,披上袈裟衣,舍離俗家而出家,成為無家者以來,除了那位世尊、阿羅漢、正等正覺者之外,我不知道指認其他的導師。賢友,從前我還在家時,這樣想:‘在家生活是狹窄的塵垢之道,出家則是空曠開闊的。住在家中,不容易行持完全圓滿、完全清淨、如磨光的螺貝般的梵行。我何不剃除鬚髮,披上袈裟衣,舍離俗家而出家,成為無家者呢?’賢友,後來某個時候,我令人作了碎布(paṭapilotika)僧伽梨,以世間所有的阿羅漢為[目標],剃除鬚髮,披上袈裟衣,舍離俗家而出家,成為無家者。

Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tagghāvuso ānanda, thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā sahasā appaṭisaṅkhā vācā bhāsitā. Yatvāhaṃ, āvuso, kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito, nābhijānāmi aññaṃ satthāraṃ uddisitā [uddisituṃ (sī. pī. ka.)], aññatra tena bhagavatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena. Pubbe me, āvuso, agārikabhūtassa sato etadahosi – ‘sambādho gharāvāso rajāpatho [rajopatho (sī.)], abbhokāso pabbajjā. Nayidaṃ sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ ekantaparisuddhaṃ saṅkhalikhitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya’nti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, aparena samayena paṭapilotikānaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ kāretvā [karitvā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] ye loke arahanto te uddissa kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajiṃ.
緬 1.420已對照

我這樣出家之後,走在大道上,看見世尊坐在王舍城與那爛陀之間的多子塔廟(Bahuputta cetiya)。看見之後,我這樣想:‘我若得見導師,所見的就正是世尊;我若得見善逝,所見的就正是世尊;我若得見正等正覺者,所見的就正是世尊。’賢友,於是我就在那裡以頭禮世尊雙足,對世尊這樣說:‘尊者,世尊是我的導師,我是弟子;尊者,世尊是我的導師,我是弟子。’賢友,這樣說時,世尊對我這樣說:‘迦葉,誰若對如此以全心具足的弟子,不知而說“我知”,不見而說“我見”,他的頭也會裂開。迦葉,而我是知而說“我知”,見而說“我見”。’

So evaṃ pabbajito samāno addhānamaggappaṭipanno addasaṃ bhagavantaṃ antarā ca rājagahaṃ antarā ca nāḷandaṃ bahuputte cetiye nisinnaṃ. Disvāna me etadahosi – ‘satthārañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ, bhagavantameva passeyyaṃ; sugatañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ, bhagavantameva passeyyaṃ; sammāsambuddhañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ; bhagavantameva passeyya’nti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, tattheva bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘satthā me, bhante, bhagavā, sāvakohamasmi; satthā me, bhante, bhagavā, sāvakohamasmī’ti. Evaṃ vutte maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā etadavoca – ‘yo kho, kassapa, evaṃ sabbacetasā samannāgataṃ sāvakaṃ ajānaññeva vadeyya jānāmīti, apassaññeva vadeyya passāmīti, muddhāpi tassa vipateyya. Ahaṃ kho pana, kassapa, jānaññeva vadāmi jānāmīti, passaññeva vadāmi passāmī’ti.
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所以,迦葉,你應當這樣修學:‘我對諸長老、諸新學、諸中座的強烈慚愧將會現起。’迦葉,你應當這樣修學。

Tasmātiha te, kassapa, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘tibbaṃ me hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ bhavissati theresu navesu majjhimesū’ti. Evañhi te, kassapa, sikkhitabbaṃ.
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所以,迦葉,你應當這樣修學:‘凡我所要聽聞的任何與善相關的法,我都要把它全部視為所需、作意、以全心專注,傾耳而聽聞法。’迦葉,你應當這樣修學。

Tasmātiha te, kassapa, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘yaṃ kiñci dhammaṃ suṇissāmi kusalūpasaṃhitaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi karitvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasoto dhammaṃ suṇissāmī’ti. Evañhi te, kassapa, sikkhitabbaṃ.
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所以,迦葉,你應當這樣修學:‘我那與樂俱行的身至念將不會舍離[我]。’迦葉,你應當這樣修學。

Tasmātiha te, kassapa, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘sātasahagatā ca me kāyagatāsati na vijahissatī’ti. Evañhi te, kassapa, sikkhitabbanti.
PTS 2.221已對照

“賢友,於是世尊以這教誡教誡我之後,從座起身離去了。賢友,我只有七天是尚有煩惱地受用國中團食的。”第八天,究竟智生起了。

‘‘Atha kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā iminā ovādena ovaditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Sattāhameva khvāhaṃ, āvuso, saraṇo [sāṇo (sī.)] raṭṭhapiṇḍaṃ bhuñjiṃ’’. Aṭṭhamiyā aññā udapādi.
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“賢友,那時世尊從道路走下,來到一棵樹下。賢友,於是我把碎布僧伽梨疊成四層敷設,對世尊這樣說:‘尊者,願世尊坐在這裡,這會使我長久得到利益與安樂。’賢友,世尊坐在所敷設的座位上。賢友,世尊坐下之後,對我這樣說:‘迦葉,你這碎布僧伽梨真柔軟。’‘尊者,願世尊出於憐憫,接受我的碎布僧伽梨。’‘迦葉,那麼你能穿用我這穿舊了的麻糞掃衣嗎?’‘尊者,我能穿用世尊這穿舊了的麻糞掃衣。’“賢友,於是我把碎布僧伽梨給了世尊,而我承受了世尊的穿舊了的麻糞掃衣。”

‘‘Atha kho, āvuso, bhagavā maggā okkamma yena aññataraṃ rukkhamūlaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Atha khvāhaṃ, āvuso, paṭapilotikānaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ catugguṇaṃ paññapetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘idha, bhante, bhagavā nisīdatu, yaṃ mamassa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’ti. Nisīdi kho, āvuso, bhagavā paññatte āsane. Nisajja kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā etadavoca – ‘mudukā kho tyāyaṃ, kassapa, paṭapilotikānaṃ saṅghāṭī’ti. ‘Paṭiggaṇhātu me, bhante, bhagavā paṭapilotikānaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ anukampaṃ upādāyā’ti. ‘Dhāressasi pana me tvaṃ, kassapa, sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanānī’ti. ‘Dhāressāmahaṃ, bhante, bhagavato sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanānī’ti. ‘‘So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, paṭapilotikānaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ bhagavato pādāsiṃ. Ahaṃ pana bhagavato sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanāni paṭipajjiṃ’’.
緬 1.421已對照

“賢友,凡若有人正確地說‘[他是]世尊的兒子、嫡子,從口所生,從法所生,由法所化,是法的繼承者,受取了穿舊了的麻糞掃衣’——正確地說時,那正是指我而說:‘[他是]世尊的兒子、嫡子,從口所生,從法所生,由法所化,是法的繼承者,受取了穿舊了的麻糞掃衣。’”

‘‘Yañhi taṃ, āvuso, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘bhagavato putto oraso mukhato jāto dhammajo dhammanimmito dhammadāyādo, paṭiggahitāni [paṭiggahetā (sī.)] sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanānī’ti, mamaṃ taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘bhagavato putto oraso mukhato jāto dhammajo dhammanimmito dhammadāyādo, paṭiggahitāni sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanānī’’’ti.
PTS 2.222已對照

“賢友,我只要願意,便離諸欲,離諸不善法,有尋、有伺,離生喜、樂,成就並住於初禪。賢友,我只要願意……乃至……(九次第住等至與五神通,應這樣詳說。)

‘‘Ahaṃ kho, āvuso, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Ahaṃ kho, āvuso, yāvade ākaṅkhāmi…pe… (navannaṃ anupubbavihārasamāpattinaṃ pañcannañca abhiññānaṃ evaṃ vitthāro veditabbo).
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“賢友,我由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住;賢友,凡認為我的六神通可以遮掩者,他也就會認為一頭七肘高或七肘半高的象可用一小片多羅葉遮掩。”

‘‘Ahaṃ kho, āvuso, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi; sattaratanaṃ vā, āvuso, nāgaṃ aḍḍhaṭṭhamaratanaṃ vā tālapattikāya chādetabbaṃ maññeyya, yo me cha abhiññā chādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’’ti.
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而偷蘭難陀比丘尼從梵行退墮了。第十一[經]。

Cavittha ca pana thullanandā bhikkhunī brahmacariyamhāti. Ekādasamaṃ.
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十二、死後經

12. Paraṃmaraṇasuttaṃ
155PTS 2.223緬 1.422已對照

一百五十五、一時,具壽大迦葉與具壽舍利弗住在波羅奈仙人墮處鹿野苑。那時,具壽舍利弗於傍晚時分從靜坐起身,來到具壽大迦葉之處;到了之後,與具壽大迦葉互相問候;互相問候、交談了一番愉快而值得憶念的話之後,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的具壽舍利弗對具壽大迦葉這樣說:“賢友迦葉,如來死後存在嗎?”“賢友,世尊對這一點不作解答:‘如來死後存在。’”“那麼,賢友,如來死後不存在嗎?”“賢友,世尊對這一點也不作解答:‘如來死後不存在。’”“賢友,如來死後既存在又不存在嗎?”“賢友,世尊對這一點不作解答:‘如來死後既存在又不存在。’”“那麼,賢友,如來死後既非存在又非不存在嗎?”“賢友,世尊對這一點也不作解答:‘如來死後既非存在又非不存在。’”“賢友,世尊為什麼對這一點不作解答呢?”“賢友,因為這不具有義利,非梵行之初,不導向厭離、離貪、滅、寂靜、證智、正覺、涅槃,所以世尊對它不作解答。”

155. Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca mahākassapo āyasmā ca sāriputto bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā mahākassapena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, āvuso kassapa, hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’ti? ‘‘Abyākataṃ kho etaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā – ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ panāvuso, na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’ti? ‘‘Evampi kho, āvuso, abyākataṃ bhagavatā – ‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso, hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’ti? ‘‘Abyākataṃ kho etaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā – ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ panāvuso, neva hoti, na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’ti? ‘‘Evampi kho, āvuso, abyākataṃ bhagavatā – ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’’ti. ‘‘Kasmā cetaṃ, āvuso, abyākataṃ bhagavatā’’ti? ‘‘Na hetaṃ, āvuso, atthasaṃhitaṃ nādibrahmacariyakaṃ na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati. Tasmā taṃ abyākataṃ bhagavatā’’ti.
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“那麼,賢友,世尊解答了什麼呢?”“賢友,‘此是苦’——世尊對這一點作了解答;‘此是苦之集’——世尊對這一點作了解答;‘此是苦之滅’——世尊對這一點作了解答;‘此是導至苦滅之道’——世尊對這一點作了解答。”“賢友,世尊為什麼對這一點作了解答呢?”“賢友,因為這具有義利,這是梵行之初,這導向厭離、離貪、滅、寂靜、證智、正覺、涅槃,所以世尊對它作了解答。”第十二[經]。

‘‘Atha kiñcarahāvuso, byākataṃ bhagavatā’’ti? ‘‘Idaṃ ‘dukkha’nti kho, āvuso, byākataṃ bhagavatā; ayaṃ ‘dukkhasamudayo’ti byākataṃ bhagavatā; ayaṃ ‘dukkhanirodho’ti byākataṃ bhagavatā; ayaṃ ‘dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti byākataṃ bhagavatā’’ti. ‘‘Kasmā cetaṃ, āvuso, byākataṃ bhagavatā’’ti? ‘‘Etañhi, āvuso, atthasaṃhitaṃ etaṃ ādibrahmacariyakaṃ etaṃ nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. Tasmā taṃ byākataṃ bhagavatā’’ti. Dvādasamaṃ.
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十三、相似正法經

13. Saddhammappatirūpakasuttaṃ
156PTS 2.224已對照

一百五十六、如是我聞——一時,世尊住在舍衛城祇樹林給孤獨園。那時,具壽大迦葉來到世尊之處;到了之後,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的具壽大迦葉對世尊這樣說:“尊者,是什麼因、什麼緣,使得從前學處較少,而安立於究竟智的比丘較多?尊者,又是什麼因、什麼緣,使得如今學處較多,而安立於究竟智的比丘較少?”“迦葉,正是這樣:當眾生衰退、正法隱沒時,學處就較多,而安立於究竟智的比丘較少。迦葉,只要相似正法尚未在世間生起,正法就不會隱沒。迦葉,而一旦相似正法在世間生起,那時正法就隱沒。”

156. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā mahākassapo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yena pubbe appatarāni ceva sikkhāpadāni ahesuṃ bahutarā ca bhikkhū aññāya saṇṭhahiṃsu? Ko pana, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yenetarahi bahutarāni ceva sikkhāpadāni appatarā ca bhikkhū aññāya saṇṭhahantī’’ti? ‘‘Evañcetaṃ, kassapa, hoti sattesu hāyamānesu saddhamme antaradhāyamāne, bahutarāni ceva sikkhāpadāni honti appatarā ca bhikkhū aññāya saṇṭhahanti. Na tāva, kassapa, saddhammassa antaradhānaṃ hoti yāva na saddhammappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati. Yato ca kho, kassapa, saddhammappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati, atha saddhammassa antaradhānaṃ hoti’’.
緬 1.423已對照

“迦葉,譬如只要相似黃金尚未在世間生起,黃金就不會隱沒。迦葉,而一旦相似黃金在世間生起,那時黃金就隱沒。迦葉,正是這樣,只要相似正法尚未在世間生起,正法就不會隱沒。迦葉,而一旦相似正法在世間生起,那時正法就隱沒。

‘‘Seyyathāpi, kassapa, na tāva jātarūpassa antaradhānaṃ hoti yāva na jātarūpappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati. Yato ca kho, kassapa, jātarūpappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati, atha jātarūpassa antaradhānaṃ hoti. Evameva kho, kassapa, na tāva saddhammassa antaradhānaṃ hoti yāva na saddhammappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati. Yato ca kho, kassapa, saddhammappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati, atha saddhammassa antaradhānaṃ hoti.
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“迦葉,地界不使正法隱沒,水界不使正法隱沒,火界不使正法隱沒,風界不使正法隱沒;而是就在這裡,他們生起——那些使這正法隱沒的愚痴人。迦葉,譬如船正因裝載而沉沒;迦葉,正法的隱沒並不是這樣。

‘‘Na kho, kassapa, pathavīdhātu saddhammaṃ antaradhāpeti, na āpodhātu saddhammaṃ antaradhāpeti, na tejodhātu saddhammaṃ antaradhāpeti, na vāyodhātu saddhammaṃ antaradhāpeti; atha kho idheva te uppajjanti moghapurisā ye imaṃ saddhammaṃ antaradhāpenti. Seyyathāpi, kassapa, nāvā ādikeneva opilavati; na kho, kassapa, evaṃ saddhammassa antaradhānaṃ hoti.
PTS 2.225已對照

“迦葉,有這五種導致下墮的法,導向正法的忘失、隱沒。哪五種?迦葉,在此,比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷對導師不恭敬、不順從而住,對法不恭敬、不順從而住,對僧不恭敬、不順從而住,對學不恭敬、不順從而住,對定不恭敬、不順從而住——迦葉,這就是那五種導致下墮的法,導向正法的忘失、隱沒。

‘‘Pañca khome, kassapa, okkamaniyā dhammā saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṃvattanti. Katame pañca? Idha, kassapa, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo satthari agāravā viharanti appatissā, dhamme agāravā viharanti appatissā, saṅghe agāravā viharanti appatissā, sikkhāya agāravā viharanti appatissā, samādhismiṃ agāravā viharanti appatissā – ime kho, kassapa, pañca okkamaniyā dhammā saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṃvattanti.
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“迦葉,有這五種法,導向正法的住立、不忘失、不隱沒。哪五種?迦葉,在此,比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷對導師恭敬、順從而住,對法恭敬、順從而住,對僧恭敬、順從而住,對學恭敬、順從而住,對定恭敬、順從而住——迦葉,這就是那五種法,導向正法的住立、不忘失、不隱沒。”第十三[經]。

‘‘Pañca khome, kassapa, dhammā saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṃvattanti. Katame pañca? Idha, kassapa, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo satthari sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, dhamme sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, saṅghe sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, sikkhāya sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, samādhismiṃ sagāravā viharanti sappatissā – ime kho, kassapa, pañca dhammā saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Terasamaṃ.
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《迦葉相應》完畢。

Kassapasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.
已對照

其攝頌——

知足以及無愧者,月喻、常往來俗家者;

衰老、三教誡,禪與神通、住處;

衣、死後,[以及]相似正法。

Tassuddānaṃ –
Santuṭṭhañca anottappī, candūpamaṃ kulūpakaṃ;
Jiṇṇaṃ tayo ca ovādā, jhānābhiññā upassayaṃ;
Cīvaraṃ paraṃmaraṇaṃ, saddhammappatirūpakanti.