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中部第60經 · 無誤經 Apaṇṇakasuttaṃ

本經目錄十、無誤經

92PTS 1.401緬 2.63已對照

十、無誤經

九十二、如是我聞——一時,世尊在憍薩羅國(Kosala)遊行,與大比丘僧團一同來到憍薩羅人一個名叫娑羅(Sālā)的婆羅門村。娑羅村的婆羅門居士們聽說:“諸位,據說沙門喬達摩(Gotama)——釋迦(sakya)子,從釋迦家族出家者——在憍薩羅國遊行,與大比丘僧團一同已到達娑羅。關於那位喬達摩尊師,有這樣的善名聲傳揚:‘那位世尊亦即是阿羅漢(arahaṃ)、正等正覺者(sammāsambuddho)、明行具足(vijjācaraṇasampanno)、善逝(sugato)、世間解(lokavidū)、無上者、調御丈夫(anuttaro purisadammasārathi)、天人導師(satthā devamanussānaṃ)、佛陀(buddho)、世尊(bhagavā)。’他自己以證智證知這個有諸天、魔(māra)、梵天(brahma)的世間,以及有沙門、婆羅門、諸天與人的人眾之後,予以宣說。他教導初善、中善、後善的,具足義理與文句的法,顯示完全圓滿、遍淨的梵行(brahmacariya)。能夠見到這樣的阿羅漢,真是很好。”於是娑羅村的婆羅門居士們來到世尊之處;到了之後,有些禮敬世尊之後坐在一旁,有些與世尊互相問候、交談了一番愉快而值得憶念的話之後坐在一旁,有些向世尊合掌之後坐在一旁,有些在世尊面前說出自己的名與姓之後坐在一旁,有些默然坐在一旁。

92. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ yena sālā nāma kosalānaṃ brāhmaṇagāmo tadavasari. Assosuṃ kho sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā – ‘‘samaṇo khalu bho gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ sālaṃ anuppatto. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’’ti. Atha kho sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu; sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce bhagavato santike nāmagottaṃ sāvetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu.
93已對照

九十三、世尊對坐在一旁的娑羅村的婆羅門居士們這樣說——“居士們,你們可有哪一位可意的導師,是你們已對他獲得了有理由的信(ākāravatī saddhā)的?”“尊者,我們沒有哪一位可意的導師,是我們已對他獲得了有理由的信的。”“居士們,你們既得不到可意的導師,就應當受持這無誤法(apaṇṇaka dhamma)而行。居士們,因為無誤法被受取、受持時,它將為你們帶來長久的利益與安樂。居士們,什麼是無誤法呢?

93. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho sāleyyake brāhmaṇagahapatike bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘atthi pana vo, gahapatayo, koci manāpo satthā yasmiṃ vo ākāravatī saddhā paṭiladdhā’’ti? ‘‘Natthi kho no, bhante, koci manāpo satthā yasmiṃ no ākāravatī saddhā paṭiladdhā’’ti. ‘‘Manāpaṃ vo, gahapatayo, satthāraṃ alabhantehi ayaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo samādāya vattitabbo. Apaṇṇako hi, gahapatayo, dhammo samatto samādinno, so vo bhavissati dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya. Katamo ca, gahapatayo, apaṇṇako dhammo’’?
94PTS 1.402緬 2.64已對照

九十四、“居士們,有一些沙門、婆羅門是這樣說、這樣見的——‘沒有布施,沒有供養(yiṭṭha),沒有祭祀(huta);沒有善作、惡作之業的果與異熟(vipāka);沒有此世,沒有他世;沒有母,沒有父;沒有化生的眾生(opapātika);世間沒有正行的、正行道的沙門、婆羅門,自己以證智證知此世與他世之後加以宣說。’居士們,與那些沙門、婆羅門正相對,有一些沙門、婆羅門是說直接相反之論者。他們這樣說——‘有布施,有供養,有祭祀;有善作、惡作之業的果與異熟;有此世,有他世;有母,有父;有化生的眾生;世間有正行的、正行道的沙門、婆羅門,自己以證智證知此世與他世之後加以宣說。’居士們,你們認為怎樣——‘這些沙門、婆羅門豈不是彼此說直接相反之論者嗎?’”“是的,尊者。”

94. ‘‘Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ, natthi hutaṃ; natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ [sukaṭadukkaṭānaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, natthi ayaṃ loko, natthi paro loko; natthi mātā, natthi pitā; natthi sattā opapātikā; natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā [samaggatā (ka.)] sammā paṭipannā ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti. Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā. Te evamāhaṃsu – ‘atthi dinnaṃ, atthi yiṭṭhaṃ, atthi hutaṃ; atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko; atthi ayaṃ loko, atthi paro loko; atthi mātā, atthi pitā; atthi sattā opapātikā; atthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammā paṭipannā ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo – ‘nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā’’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
95已對照

九十五、“居士們,此中,那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門——‘沒有布施,沒有供養……乃至……自己以證智證知此世與他世之後加以宣說’——對他們來說,這是可期待的——他們將回避身善行、語善行、意善行這三種善法,而受持身惡行、語惡行、意惡行這三種不善法而行。這是什麼緣故呢?因為那些沙門、婆羅門尊師看不見不善法的過患、低劣、雜染,[以及]善法於出離中的功德、淨白之分。他世確實存在,而他卻有‘沒有他世’之見,那就是他的邪見。他世確實存在,而他卻思惟‘沒有他世’,那就是他的邪思惟。他世確實存在,而他卻說‘沒有他世’之語,那就是他的邪語。他世確實存在,而他卻說‘沒有他世’,他便與那些了知他世的阿羅漢們相違逆。他世確實存在,而他卻使他人信受‘沒有他世’,那就是他的非正法之勸信。並且他以那非正法之勸信而自贊、毀他。如是,他先前就已斷了善戒性,現起了惡戒性——以及這邪見、邪思惟、邪語、與聖者的相違逆、非正法之勸信、自贊、毀他。如是,他的這些眾多惡不善法,以邪見為緣而生起。

95. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ…pe… ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ? Yamidaṃ [yadidaṃ (ka.)] kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ – ime tayo kusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā [abhinibbajjetvā (syā. kaṃ.), abhinibbijjitvā (ka.)] yamidaṃ [yadidaṃ (ka.)] kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ – ime tayo akusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Na hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā passanti akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti micchāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti micchāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti āha; ye te arahanto paralokaviduno tesamayaṃ paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti paraṃ saññāpeti [paññāpeti (ka.)]; sāssa hoti asaddhammasaññatti [assaddhammapaññatti (ka.)]. Tāya ca pana asaddhammasaññattiyā attānukkaṃseti, paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa susīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, dussīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ – ayañca micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvācā ariyānaṃ paccanīkatā asaddhammasaññatti attukkaṃsanā paravambhanā. Evamassime [evaṃ’si’me’ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti micchādiṭṭhipaccayā.
PTS 1.403緬 2.65已對照

“居士們,此中,有智之人這樣思察:‘倘若沒有他世,那麼這位人士身壞之後,將使自身平安;倘若有他世,那麼這位人士身壞命終之後,將投生於苦界、惡趣、墮處、地獄。就算沒有他世,就算那些沙門、婆羅門尊師的話是真實的,然而這位人士就在現法中為諸有智者所呵責——[說他是]惡戒的人、邪見者、虛無論者。’而倘若確實有他世,那麼這位人士在兩方面都是失敗之擲(kaliggaha):既在於他就在現法中為諸有智者所呵責,也在於他身壞命終之後將投生於苦界、惡趣、墮處、地獄。如是,這無誤法被他錯誤地受取、受持,[只]遍及一邊而住,捨棄了善的處所。

‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sace kho natthi paro loko evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā sotthimattānaṃ karissati; sace kho atthi paro loko evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu paro loko, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho – dussīlo purisapuggalo micchādiṭṭhi natthikavādo’ti. Sace kho attheva paro loko, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaliggaho – yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo dussamatto samādinno, ekaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati kusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
96PTS 1.404緬 2.66已對照

九十六、“居士們,此中,那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門——‘有布施……乃至……自己以證智證知此世與他世之後加以宣說’——對他們來說,這是可期待的——他們將回避身惡行、語惡行、意惡行這三種不善法,而受持身善行、語善行、意善行這三種善法而行。這是什麼緣故呢?因為那些沙門、婆羅門尊師看見了不善法的過患、低劣、雜染,[以及]善法於出離中的功德、淨白之分。他世確實存在,而他有‘有他世’之見,那就是他的正見。他世確實存在,而他思惟‘有他世’,那就是他的正思惟。他世確實存在,而他說‘有他世’之語,那就是他的正語。他世確實存在,而他說‘有他世’,他便不與那些了知他世的阿羅漢們相違逆。他世確實存在,而他使他人信受‘有他世’,那就是他的正法之勸信。並且他不以那正法之勸信而自贊,也不毀他。如是,他先前就已斷了惡戒性,現起了善戒性——以及這正見、正思惟、正語、與聖者的不相違逆、正法之勸信、不自贊、不毀他。如是,他的這些眾多善法,以正見為緣而生起。

96. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘atthi dinnaṃ…pe… ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ? Yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ – ime tayo akusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ – ime tayo kusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Passanti hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti sammāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti sammāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti āha; ye te arahanto paralokaviduno tesamayaṃ na paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti saddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana saddhammasaññattiyā nevattānukkaṃseti, na paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa dussīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, susīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ – ayañca sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā ariyānaṃ apaccanīkatā saddhammasaññatti anattukkaṃsanā aparavambhanā. Evamassime aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti sammādiṭṭhipaccayā.
已對照

“居士們,此中,有智之人這樣思察:‘倘若有他世,那麼這位人士身壞命終之後,將投生於善趣、天界。就算沒有他世,就算那些沙門、婆羅門尊師的話是真實的,然而這位人士就在現法中為諸有智者所稱讚——[說他是]具戒的人、正見者、有論者。’而倘若確實有他世,那麼這位人士在兩方面都是得勝之擲(kaṭaggaha):既在於他就在現法中為諸有智者所稱讚,也在於他身壞命終之後將投生於善趣、天界。如是,這無誤法被他正確地受取、受持,遍及兩邊而住,捨棄了不善的處所。

‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sace kho atthi paro loko, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu paro loko, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso – sīlavā purisapuggalo sammādiṭṭhi atthikavādo’ti. Sace kho attheva paro loko, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaṭaggaho – yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo susamatto samādinno, ubhayaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati akusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
97PTS 1.405緬 2.67已對照

九十七、“居士們,有一些沙門、婆羅門是這樣說、這樣見的——‘作者與令作者,切割者與令切割者,折磨者與令折磨者,使憂愁者與令使憂愁者,使疲憊者與令使疲憊者,使戰慄者與令使戰慄者,殺害生命者,取不與取者,破門入室者,掠奪者,行劫獨戶者,攔路伏擊者,與他人之妻苟合者,說虛妄語者——[這樣]作時,惡並沒有被造作。即使有人以邊緣鋒利如剃刀的輪,把這大地上的眾生做成一團肉、一堆肉,也不會由此而有惡,不會有惡的臨至。即使有人沿著恆河南岸前行,殺害、令殺害,切割、令切割,折磨、令折磨,也不會由此而有惡,不會有惡的臨至。即使有人沿著恆河北岸前行,布施、令布施,祭祀、令祭祀,也不會由此而有福,不會有福的臨至。以布施、調御、自制、說真實語,沒有福,也不會有福的臨至。’居士們,與那些沙門、婆羅門正相對,有一些沙門、婆羅門是說直接相反之論者,他們這樣說——‘作者與令作者,切割者與令切割者,折磨者與令折磨者,使憂愁者與令使憂愁者,使疲憊者與令使疲憊者,使戰慄者與令使戰慄者,殺害生命者,取不與取者,破門入室者,掠奪者,行劫獨戶者,攔路伏擊者,與他人之妻苟合者,說虛妄語者——[這樣]作時,惡被造作了。即使有人以邊緣鋒利如剃刀的輪,把這大地上的眾生做成一團肉、一堆肉,也會由此而有惡,會有惡的臨至。即使有人沿著恆河南岸前行,殺害、令殺害,切割、令切割,折磨、令折磨,也會由此而有惡,會有惡的臨至。即使有人沿著恆河北岸前行,布施、令布施,祭祀、令祭祀,也會由此而有福,會有福的臨至。以布施、調御、自制、說真實語,有福,也會有福的臨至。’居士們,你們認為怎樣,這些沙門、婆羅門豈不是彼此說直接相反之論者嗎?”“是的,尊者。”

97. ‘‘Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato [pāṇamatimāpayato (sī. pī.), pāṇamatipātāpayato (syā. kaṃ.), pāṇamatipāpayato (ka.)], adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ. Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento, chindanto chedāpento, pacanto pācento; natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento, yajanto yajāpento; natthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo. Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena [saccavācena (ka.)] natthi puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo’ti. Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā te evamāhaṃsu – ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto karīyati pāpaṃ. Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento, chindanto chedāpento, pacanto pācento; atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento, yajanto yajāpento; atthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo. Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena atthi puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo, nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
98PTS 1.406緬 2.68已對照

九十八、“居士們,此中,那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門——‘作者與令作者,切割者與令切割者,折磨者與令折磨者,使憂愁者與令使憂愁者,使疲憊者與令使疲憊者,使戰慄者與令使戰慄者,殺害生命者,取不與取者,破門入室者,掠奪者,行劫獨戶者,攔路伏擊者,與他人之妻苟合者,說虛妄語者——[這樣]作時,惡並沒有被造作。即使有人以邊緣鋒利如剃刀的輪,把這大地上的眾生做成一團肉、一堆肉,也不會由此而有惡,不會有惡的臨至。即使有人沿著恆河南岸前行,殺害、令殺害……乃至……以布施、調御、自制、說真實語,沒有福,也不會有福的臨至’——對他們來說,這是可期待的——他們將回避身善行、語善行、意善行這三種善法,而受持身惡行、語惡行、意惡行這三種不善法而行。這是什麼緣故呢?因為那些沙門、婆羅門尊師看不見不善法的過患、低劣、雜染,[以及]善法於出離中的功德、淨白之分。作確實存在,而他卻有‘沒有作’之見,那就是他的邪見。作確實存在,而他卻思惟‘沒有作’,那就是他的邪思惟。作確實存在,而他卻說‘沒有作’之語,那就是他的邪語。作確實存在,而他卻說‘沒有作’,他便與那些是有作論者的阿羅漢們相違逆。作確實存在,而他卻使他人信受‘沒有作’,那就是他的非正法之勸信。並且他以那非正法之勸信而自贊、毀他。如是,他先前就已斷了善戒性,現起了惡戒性——以及這邪見、邪思惟、邪語、與聖者的相違逆、非正法之勸信、自贊、毀他。如是,他的這些眾多惡不善法,以邪見為緣而生起。

98. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ. Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento…pe… dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena natthi puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ? Yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ – ime tayo kusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ – ime tayo akusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Na hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā passanti akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti micchāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti micchāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti āha, ye te arahanto kiriyavādā tesamayaṃ paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti asaddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana asaddhammasaññattiyā attānukkaṃseti, paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa susīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, dussīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ – ayañca micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvācā ariyānaṃ paccanīkatā asaddhammasaññatti attukkaṃsanā paravambhanā. Evamassime aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti micchādiṭṭhipaccayā.
已對照

“居士們,此中,有智之人這樣思察:‘倘若沒有作,那麼這位人士身壞之後,將使自身平安;倘若有作,那麼這位人士身壞命終之後,將投生於苦界、惡趣、墮處、地獄。就算沒有作,就算那些沙門、婆羅門尊師的話是真實的,然而這位人士就在現法中為諸有智者所呵責——[說他是]惡戒的人、邪見者、無作論者。’而倘若確實有作,那麼這位人士在兩方面都是失敗之擲:既在於他就在現法中為諸有智者所呵責,也在於他身壞命終之後將投生於苦界、惡趣、墮處、地獄。如是,這無誤法被他錯誤地受取、受持,[只]遍及一邊而住,捨棄了善的處所。

‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sace kho natthi kiriyā, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā sotthimattānaṃ karissati; sace kho atthi kiriyā evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu kiriyā, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho – dussīlo purisapuggalo micchādiṭṭhi akiriyavādo’ti. Sace kho attheva kiriyā, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaliggaho – yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo dussamatto samādinno, ekaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati kusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
99PTS 1.407緬 2.69已對照

九十九、“居士們,此中,那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門——‘作者與令作者,切割者與令切割者,折磨者與令折磨者,使憂愁者與令使憂愁者,使疲憊者與令使疲憊者,使戰慄者與令使戰慄者,殺害生命者,取不與取者,破門入室者,掠奪者,行劫獨戶者,攔路伏擊者,與他人之妻苟合者,說虛妄語者——[這樣]作時,惡被造作了。即使有人以邊緣鋒利如剃刀的輪,把這大地上的眾生做成一團肉、一堆肉,也會由此而有惡,會有惡的臨至。即使有人沿著恆河南岸前行,殺害、令殺害,切割、令切割,折磨、令折磨,也會由此而有惡,會有惡的臨至。即使有人沿著恆河北岸前行,布施、令布施,祭祀、令祭祀,也會由此而有福,會有福的臨至。以布施、調御、自制、說真實語,有福,也會有福的臨至’——對他們來說,這是可期待的——他們將回避身惡行、語惡行、意惡行這三種不善法,而受持身善行、語善行、意善行這三種善法而行。這是什麼緣故呢?因為那些沙門、婆羅門尊師看見了不善法的過患、低劣、雜染,[以及]善法於出離中的功德、淨白之分。作確實存在,而他有‘有作’之見,那就是他的正見。作確實存在,而他思惟‘有作’,那就是他的正思惟。作確實存在,而他說‘有作’之語,那就是他的正語。作確實存在,而他說‘有作’,他便不與那些是有作論者的阿羅漢們相違逆。作確實存在,而他使他人信受‘有作’,那就是他的正法之勸信。並且他不以那正法之勸信而自贊,也不毀他。如是,他先前就已斷了惡戒性,現起了善戒性——以及這正見、正思惟、正語、與聖者的不相違逆、正法之勸信、不自贊、不毀他。如是,他的這些眾多善法,以正見為緣而生起。

99. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto karīyati pāpaṃ. Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento, chindanto chedāpento, pacanto pācento, atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento, yajanto yajāpento, atthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo. Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena atthi puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ? Yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ – ime tayo akusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ – ime tayo kusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Passanti hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti sammāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti sammāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti āha; ye te arahanto kiriyavādā tesamayaṃ na paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti saddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana saddhammasaññattiyā nevattānukkaṃseti, na paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa dussīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, susīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ – ayañca sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā ariyānaṃ apaccanīkatā saddhammasaññatti anattukkaṃsanā aparavambhanā. Evamassime aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti sammādiṭṭhipaccayā.
已對照

“居士們,此中,有智之人這樣思察:‘倘若有作,那麼這位人士身壞命終之後,將投生於善趣、天界。就算沒有作,就算那些沙門、婆羅門尊師的話是真實的,然而這位人士就在現法中為諸有智者所稱讚——[說他是]具戒的人、正見者、有作論者。’而倘若確實有作,那麼這位人士在兩方面都是得勝之擲:既在於他就在現法中為諸有智者所稱讚,也在於他身壞命終之後將投生於善趣、天界。如是,這無誤法被他正確地受取、受持,遍及兩邊而住,捨棄了不善的處所。

‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sace kho atthi kiriyā, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu kiriyā, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso – sīlavā purisapuggalo sammādiṭṭhi kiriyavādo’ti. Sace kho attheva kiriyā, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaṭaggaho – yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo susamatto samādinno, ubhayaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati akusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
100PTS 1.408緬 2.70已對照

一〇〇、“居士們,有一些沙門、婆羅門是這樣說、這樣見的——‘諸眾生的雜染沒有因(hetu)、沒有緣(paccaya),諸眾生無因無緣而雜染;諸眾生的清淨沒有因、沒有緣,諸眾生無因無緣而清淨。沒有力,沒有精進,沒有人的力量,沒有人的努力;一切眾生、一切生命、一切生物、一切命者都無自主、無力、無精進,由命運、際遇與本性而轉變,唯在六生類(chaḷābhijāti)中感受苦樂。’居士們,與那些沙門、婆羅門正相對,有一些沙門、婆羅門是說直接相反之論者。他們這樣說——‘諸眾生的雜染有因、有緣,諸眾生有因有緣而雜染;諸眾生的清淨有因、有緣,諸眾生有因有緣而清淨。有力,有精進,有人的力量,有人的努力;並非一切眾生、一切生命、一切生物、一切命者都無自主、無力、無精進,由命運、際遇與本性而轉變,唯在六生類中感受苦樂。’居士們,你們認為怎樣,這些沙門、婆羅門豈不是彼此說直接相反之論者嗎?”“是的,尊者。”

100. ‘‘Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; ahetū appaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhanti. Natthi balaṃ, natthi vīriyaṃ [viriyaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)], natthi purisathāmo, natthi purisaparakkamo; sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṃgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti. Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā. Te evamāhaṃsu – ‘atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; sahetū sappaccayā sattā visujjhanti. Atthi balaṃ, atthi vīriyaṃ, atthi purisathāmo, atthi purisaparakkamo; na sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā [atthi purisaparakkamo, sabbe sattā… savasā sabalā savīriyā (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] niyatisaṃgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo, nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā’ti? ‘Evaṃ, bhante’.
101緬 2.71已對照

一〇一、“居士們,此中,那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門——‘諸眾生的雜染沒有因、沒有緣,諸眾生無因無緣而雜染;諸眾生的清淨沒有因、沒有緣,諸眾生無因無緣而清淨。沒有力,沒有精進,沒有人的力量,沒有人的努力;一切眾生、一切生命、一切生物、一切命者都無自主、無力、無精進,由命運、際遇與本性而轉變,唯在六生類中感受苦樂’——對他們來說,這是可期待的——他們將回避身善行、語善行、意善行這三種善法,而受持身惡行、語惡行、意惡行這三種不善法而行。這是什麼緣故呢?因為那些沙門、婆羅門尊師看不見不善法的過患、低劣、雜染,[以及]善法於出離中的功德、淨白之分。因確實存在,而他卻有‘沒有因’之見,那就是他的邪見。因確實存在,而他卻思惟‘沒有因’,那就是他的邪思惟。因確實存在,而他卻說‘沒有因’之語,那就是他的邪語。因確實存在,而他卻說‘沒有因’,他便與那些是有因論者的阿羅漢們相違逆。因確實存在,而他卻使他人信受‘沒有因’,那就是他的非正法之勸信。並且他以那非正法之勸信而自贊、毀他。如是,他先前就已斷了善戒性,現起了惡戒性——以及這邪見、邪思惟、邪語、與聖者的相違逆、非正法之勸信、自贊、毀他。如是,他的這些眾多惡不善法,以邪見為緣而生起。

101. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; ahetū appaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhanti. Natthi balaṃ, natthi vīriyaṃ, natthi purisathāmo, natthi purisaparakkamo; sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṃgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ? Yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ – ime tayo kusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ – ime tayo akusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Na hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā passanti akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti micchāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti micchāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti āha; ye te arahanto hetuvādā tesamayaṃ paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti asaddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana asaddhammasaññattiyā attānukkaṃseti, paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa susīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, dussīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ – ayañca micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvācā ariyānaṃ paccanīkatā asaddhammasaññatti attānukkaṃsanā paravambhanā. Evamassime aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti micchādiṭṭhipaccayā.
PTS 1.409已對照

“居士們,此中,有智之人這樣思察:‘倘若沒有因,那麼這位人士身壞命終之後,將使自身平安;倘若有因,那麼這位人士身壞命終之後,將投生於苦界、惡趣、墮處、地獄。就算沒有因,就算那些沙門、婆羅門尊師的話是真實的,然而這位人士就在現法中為諸有智者所呵責——[說他是]惡戒的人、邪見者、無因論者。’而倘若確實有因,那麼這位人士在兩方面都是失敗之擲:既在於他就在現法中為諸有智者所呵責,也在於他身壞命終之後將投生於苦界、惡趣、墮處、地獄。如是,這無誤法被他錯誤地受取、受持,[只]遍及一邊而住,捨棄了善的處所。

‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sace kho natthi hetu, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sotthimattānaṃ karissati; sace kho atthi hetu, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu hetu, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho – dussīlo purisapuggalo micchādiṭṭhi ahetukavādo’ti. Sace kho attheva hetu, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaliggaho – yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo dussamatto samādinno, ekaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati kusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
102緬 2.72已對照

一〇二、“居士們,此中,那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門——‘諸眾生的雜染有因、有緣,諸眾生有因有緣而雜染;諸眾生的清淨有因、有緣,諸眾生有因有緣而清淨。有力,有精進,有人的力量,有人的努力;並非一切眾生、一切生命、一切生物、一切命者都無自主、無力、無精進,由命運、際遇與本性而轉變,唯在六生類中感受苦樂’——對他們來說,這是可期待的——他們將回避身惡行、語惡行、意惡行這三種不善法,而受持身善行、語善行、意善行這三種善法而行。這是什麼緣故呢?因為那些沙門、婆羅門尊師看見了不善法的過患、低劣、雜染,[以及]善法於出離中的功德、淨白之分。因確實存在,而他有‘有因’之見,那就是他的正見。因確實存在,而他思惟‘有因’,那就是他的正思惟。因確實存在,而他說‘有因’之語,那就是他的正語。因確實存在,而他說‘有因’,他便不與那些是有因論者的阿羅漢們相違逆。因確實存在,而他使他人信受‘有因’,那就是他的正法之勸信。並且他不以那正法之勸信而自贊,也不毀他。如是,他先前就已斷了惡戒性,現起了善戒性——以及這正見、正思惟、正語、與聖者的不相違逆、正法之勸信、不自贊、不毀他。如是,他的這些眾多善法,以正見為緣而生起。

102. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; sahetū sappaccayā sattā visujjhanti. Atthi balaṃ, atthi vīriyaṃ, atthi purisathāmo, atthi purisaparakkamo; na sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṃgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ? Yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ – ime tayo akusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ – ime tayo kusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Passanti hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti sammāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti sammāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti āha, ye te arahanto hetuvādā tesamayaṃ na paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti saddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana saddhammasaññattiyā nevattānukkaṃseti, na paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa dussīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, susīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ – ayañca sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā ariyānaṃ apaccanīkatā saddhammasaññatti anattukkaṃsanā aparavambhanā. Evamassime aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti sammādiṭṭhipaccayā.
PTS 1.410已對照

“居士們,此中,有智之人這樣思察:‘倘若有因,那麼這位人士身壞命終之後,將投生於善趣、天界。就算沒有因,就算那些沙門、婆羅門尊師的話是真實的,然而這位人士就在現法中為諸有智者所稱讚——[說他是]具戒的人、正見者、有因論者。’而倘若有因,那麼這位人士在兩方面都是得勝之擲:既在於他就在現法中為諸有智者所稱讚,也在於他身壞命終之後將投生於善趣、天界。如是,這無誤法被他正確地受取、受持,遍及兩邊而住,捨棄了不善的處所。

‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sace kho atthi hetu, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu hetu, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso – sīlavā purisapuggalo sammādiṭṭhi hetuvādo’ti. Sace kho atthi hetu, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaṭaggaho – yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo susamatto samādinno, ubhayaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati akusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
103緬 2.73已對照

一〇三、“居士們,有一些沙門、婆羅門是這樣說、這樣見的——‘完全沒有諸無色[界](āruppā)。’居士們,與那些沙門、婆羅門正相對,有一些沙門、婆羅門是說直接相反之論者。他們這樣說——‘完全有諸無色[界]。’居士們,你們認為怎樣,這些沙門、婆羅門豈不是彼此說直接相反之論者嗎?”“是的,尊者。”“居士們,此中,有智之人這樣思察:‘那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門尊師——“完全沒有諸無色[界]”——這是我所未見的;而那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門尊師——“完全有諸無色[界]”——這是我所未知的。而我若不知、不見,卻一向執取而宣稱:“唯此是真實,餘者虛妄”,這對我是不恰當的。那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門尊師——“完全沒有諸無色[界]”——倘若那些沙門、婆羅門尊師的話是真實的,這是有處、有機會的:凡那些有色的、意所成的天,我投生到那裡,將是無誤的。而那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門尊師——“完全有諸無色[界]”——倘若那些沙門、婆羅門尊師的話是真實的,這是有處、有機會的:凡那些無色的、想所成的天,我投生到那裡,將是無誤的。確實可見,以色為因而有執杖、執刀、爭吵、爭執、諍論、爾汝相斥、離間語、妄語;而在無色中,這一切完全沒有。’他如是省思之後,便為了唯對諸色的厭離、離貪、滅而行道。

103. ‘‘Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi sabbaso āruppā’ti. Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā. Te evamāhaṃsu – ‘atthi sabbaso āruppā’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo, nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, idaṃ me adiṭṭhaṃ; yepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘atthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, idaṃ me aviditaṃ. Ahañceva [ahañce (?)] kho pana ajānanto apassanto ekaṃsena ādāya vohareyyaṃ – idameva saccaṃ, moghamaññanti, na metaṃ assa patirūpaṃ. Ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati – ye te devā rūpino manomayā, apaṇṇakaṃ me tatrūpapatti bhavissati. Ye pana te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘atthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati – ye te devā arūpino saññāmayā, apaṇṇakaṃ me tatrūpapatti bhavissati. Dissanti kho pana rūpādhikaraṇaṃ [rūpakāraṇā (ka.)] daṇḍādāna-satthādāna-kalaha-viggaha-vivāda-tuvaṃtuvaṃ-pesuñña-musāvādā. ‘Natthi kho panetaṃ sabbaso arūpe’’’ti. So iti paṭisaṅkhāya rūpānaṃyeva nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.
104PTS 1.411緬 2.74已對照

一〇四、“居士們,有一些沙門、婆羅門是這樣說、這樣見的——‘完全沒有有之滅(bhavanirodha)。’居士們,與那些沙門、婆羅門正相對,有一些沙門、婆羅門是說直接相反之論者。他們這樣說——‘完全有有之滅。’居士們,你們認為怎樣,這些沙門、婆羅門豈不是彼此說直接相反之論者嗎?”“是的,尊者。”“居士們,此中,有智之人這樣思察:‘那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門尊師——“完全沒有有之滅”——這是我所未見的;而那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門尊師——“完全有有之滅”——這是我所未知的。而我若不知、不見,卻一向執取而宣稱:“唯此是真實,餘者虛妄”,這對我是不恰當的。那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門尊師——“完全沒有有之滅”——倘若那些沙門、婆羅門尊師的話是真實的,這是有處、有機會的:凡那些無色的、想所成的天,我投生到那裡,將是無誤的。而那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門尊師——“完全有有之滅”——倘若那些沙門、婆羅門尊師的話是真實的,這是有處、有機會的:我將就在現法中般涅槃。那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門尊師——“完全沒有有之滅”——他們的這見近於貪染,近於結縛,近於歡喜,近於耽著,近於取。而那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門、婆羅門尊師——“完全有有之滅”——他們的這見近於無貪染,近於無結縛,近於無歡喜,近於無耽著,近於無取。’他如是省思之後,便為了唯對諸有的厭離、離貪、滅而行道。

104. ‘‘Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti. Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā. Te evamāhaṃsu – ‘atthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo, nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, idaṃ me adiṭṭhaṃ; yepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘atthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, idaṃ me aviditaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana ajānanto apassanto ekaṃsena ādāya vohareyyaṃ – idameva saccaṃ, moghamaññanti, na metaṃ assa patirūpaṃ. Ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati – ye te devā arūpino saññāmayā apaṇṇakaṃ me tatrūpapatti bhavissati. Ye pana te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘atthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati – yaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyissāmi. Ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, tesamayaṃ diṭṭhi sārāgāya [sarāgāya (syā. kaṃ.)] santike, saṃyogāya santike, abhinandanāya santike, ajjhosānāya santike, upādānāya santike. Ye pana te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘atthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, tesamayaṃ diṭṭhi asārāgāya santike, asaṃyogāya santike, anabhinandanāya santike, anajjhosānāya santike, anupādānāya santike’’’ti. So iti paṭisaṅkhāya bhavānaṃyeva nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.
105PTS 1.412已對照

一〇五、“居士們,世間有這四種人存在、可得。哪四種[人]呢?居士們,在此,有一類人是自苦者,從事自我折磨之行。居士們,在此,有一類人是苦他者,從事折磨他人之行。居士們,在此,有一類人既是自苦者、從事自我折磨之行,又是苦他者、從事折磨他人之行。居士們,在此,有一類人既不是自苦者、不從事自我折磨之行,也不是苦他者、不從事折磨他人之行。他不自苦、不苦他,就在現法中無飢渴、已寂滅、已清涼,領受樂,以已成梵的自身而住。

105. ‘‘Cattārome, gahapatayo, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo attantapo hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo parantapo hoti paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo attantapo ca hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo nevattantapo hoti nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati.
106PTS 1.413緬 2.75已對照

一〇六、“居士們,什麼樣的人是自苦者、從事自我折磨之行呢?居士們,在此,有一類人是裸行者,行為無拘,舔手[而食]……乃至……他就這樣住於修習種種炙烤、逼迫身體之行。居士們,這稱為自苦者、從事自我折磨之行的人。

“居士們,什麼樣的人是苦他者、從事折磨他人之行呢?居士們,在此,有一類人是屠羊者、屠豬者……乃至……以及其他凡作殘酷行業者。居士們,這稱為苦他者、從事折磨他人之行的人。

“居士們,什麼樣的人既是自苦者、從事自我折磨之行,又是苦他者、從事折磨他人之行呢?居士們,在此,有一類人或是已灌頂的剎帝利王……乃至……他們也受刑杖脅迫、受怖畏脅迫,淚流滿面地哭泣著做準備工作。居士們,這稱為既是自苦者、從事自我折磨之行,又是苦他者、從事折磨他人之行的人。

“居士們,什麼樣的人既不是自苦者、不從事自我折磨之行,也不是苦他者、不從事折磨他人之行——他不自苦、不苦他,就在現法中無飢渴、已寂滅、已清涼,領受樂,以已成梵的自身而住呢?居士們,於此,如來出現於世間,是阿羅漢、正等正覺者……乃至……他舍斷這五蓋——心的隨煩惱、令慧羸弱者——之後,已離諸欲,離諸不善法,有尋、有伺,離生喜、樂,成就並住於初禪;尋、伺寂止,內潔淨,心專一性,無尋、無伺,定生喜、樂,第二禪……乃至……第三禪……成就並住於第四禪。

“當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於宿住隨念智。他回憶起許多種宿住,即:一生、二生……乃至……如此,他回憶起具有行相、具有細節的許多種宿住。當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於眾生死生智。他以清淨、超人的天眼,看見眾生的死亡與投生:或低賤或高貴,或美麗或醜陋,或善趣或惡趣……乃至……了知眾生隨業而去。當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於漏盡智。他如實了知‘此是苦’……乃至……如實了知‘此是導至漏滅之道’。當他如此知、如此見時,心從欲漏解脫,心從有漏解脫,心從無明漏解脫;於解脫時,有‘已解脫’之智。他了知:‘生已盡,梵行已立,應作已作,再無後有。’居士們,這稱為既不是自苦者、不從事自我折磨之行,也不是苦他者、不從事折磨他人之行的人。他不自苦、不苦他,就在現法中無飢渴、已寂滅、已清涼,領受樂,以已成梵的自身而住。”

這樣說時,娑羅村的婆羅門居士們對世尊這樣說——“奇哉!喬達摩尊師,奇哉!喬達摩尊師。喬達摩尊師,猶如把倒覆的扶起,把遮蔽的揭開,為迷路者指示道路,在黑暗中持來油燈,使有眼者得見諸色。正是如此,喬達摩尊師以種種方式開顯了法。我們皈依(saraṇa)那位喬達摩尊師、法與比丘僧團。願喬達摩尊師憶持我們為優婆塞(upāsaka),從今日起,終生皈依。”

106. ‘‘Katamo ca, gahapatayo, puggalo attantapo attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto? Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo acelako hoti muttācāro hatthāpalekhano…pe… [vitthāro ma. ni. 2.6-7 kandarakasutte] iti evarūpaṃ anekavihitaṃ kāyassa ātāpanaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto viharati. Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapatayo, puggalo attantapo attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
‘‘Katamo ca, gahapatayo, puggalo parantapo paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto? Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo orabbhiko hoti sūkariko…pe… ye vā panaññepi keci kurūrakammantā. Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapatayo, puggalo parantapo paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
‘‘Katamo ca, gahapatayo, puggalo attantapo ca attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto? Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo rājā vā hoti khattiyo muddhāvasitto…pe… tepi daṇḍatajjitā bhayatajjitā assumukhā rudamānā parikammāni karonti. Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapatayo, puggalo attantapo ca attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
‘‘Katamo ca, gahapatayo, puggalo nevattantapo nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati? Idha, gahapatayo, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho…pe… so ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapatayo, puggalo nevattantapo nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharatī’’ti.
Evaṃ vutte, sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama! Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Ete mayaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsake no bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gate’’ti.
Apaṇṇakasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dasamaṃ.
Gahapativaggo niṭṭhito paṭhamo.
已對照

《無誤經》終,[《居士品》中之]第十[經]。

《居士品》終,第一[品]。

其攝頌——

甘塔羅迦、八城與有學,波多利耶,又耆婆·童子醫;

優波離之調伏、持狗行者、無畏,多受、無誤為第十。

Tassuddānaṃ –
Kandaranāgarasekhavato ca, potaliyo puna jīvakabhacco;
Upālidamatho kukkuraabhayo, bahuvedanīyāpaṇṇakato dasamo.
2. Bhikkhuvaggo