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中部第110經 · 小滿月經 Cūḷapuṇṇamasuttaṃ

本經目錄十、小滿月經

91PTS 3.21緬 3.71已對照

十、小滿月經

九十一、如是我聞——一時,世尊住在舍衛城(Sāvatthī)東園(Pubbārāma)鹿子母講堂(Migāramātupāsāda)。那時,正值布薩日,十五日,圓滿的滿月之夜,世尊被比丘僧團圍繞,坐在露地。於是,世尊環視默然又默然的比丘僧團之後,召喚諸比丘——“諸比丘,非善士(asappurisa)能知道非善士:‘這位尊者是非善士’嗎?”“不是的,尊者。”“善哉,諸比丘。諸比丘,這是無處、無機會的:非善士能知道非善士:‘這位尊者是非善士。’諸比丘,那麼非善士能知道善士:‘這位尊者是善士’嗎?”“不是的,尊者。”“善哉,諸比丘。諸比丘,這也是無處、無機會的:非善士能知道善士:‘這位尊者是善士。’諸比丘,非善士是具足非正法者,是親近非善士者,是作非善士之思者,是作非善士之議者,是說非善士之語者,是作非善士之業者,是持非善士之見者;他施非善士之施。”

91. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā tadahuposathe pannarase puṇṇāya puṇṇamāya rattiyā bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto abbhokāse nisinno hoti. Atha kho bhagavā tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anuviloketvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘jāneyya nu kho, bhikkhave, asappuriso asappurisaṃ – ‘asappuriso ayaṃ bhava’’’nti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave; aṭṭhānametaṃ, bhikkhave, anavakāso yaṃ asappuriso asappurisaṃ jāneyya – ‘asappuriso ayaṃ bhava’nti. Jāneyya pana, bhikkhave, asappuriso sappurisaṃ – ‘sappuriso ayaṃ bhava’’’nti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave; etampi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhānaṃ anavakāso yaṃ asappuriso sappurisaṃ jāneyya – ‘sappuriso ayaṃ bhava’nti. Asappuriso, bhikkhave, assaddhammasamannāgato hoti, asappurisabhatti [asappurisabhattī (sabbattha)] hoti, asappurisacintī hoti, asappurisamantī hoti, asappurisavāco hoti, asappurisakammanto hoti, asappurisadiṭṭhi [asappurisadiṭṭhī (sabbattha)] hoti; asappurisadānaṃ deti’’.
已對照

“諸比丘,非善士怎樣是具足非正法者呢?諸比丘,在此,非善士是無信者,是無慚者,是無愧者,是少聞者,是懈怠者,是失念者,是劣慧者。諸比丘,這樣,非善士就是具足非正法者。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, asappuriso assaddhammasamannāgato hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, asappuriso assaddho hoti, ahiriko hoti, anottappī hoti, appassuto hoti, kusīto hoti, muṭṭhassati hoti, duppañño hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, asappuriso assaddhammasamannāgato hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,非善士怎樣是親近非善士者呢?諸比丘,在此,凡是那些無信、無慚、無愧、少聞、懈怠、失念、劣慧的沙門、婆羅門,他們是非善士的朋友,他們是[他的]同伴。諸比丘,這樣,非善士就是親近非善士者。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, asappuriso asappurisabhatti hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, asappurisassa ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā assaddhā ahirikā anottappino appassutā kusītā muṭṭhassatino duppaññā tyāssa mittā honti te sahāyā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, asappuriso asappurisabhatti hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,非善士怎樣是作非善士之思者呢?諸比丘,在此,非善士既思於自身的損害,也思於他人的損害,也思於兩者的損害。諸比丘,這樣,非善士就是作非善士之思者。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, asappuriso asappurisacintī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, asappuriso attabyābādhāyapi ceteti, parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, ubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, asappuriso asappurisacintī hoti.
PTS 3.22已對照

“諸比丘,非善士怎樣是作非善士之議者呢?諸比丘,在此,非善士既謀議於自身的損害,也謀議於他人的損害,也謀議於兩者的損害。諸比丘,這樣,非善士就是作非善士之議者。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, asappuriso asappurisamantī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, asappuriso attabyābādhāyapi manteti, parabyābādhāyapi manteti, ubhayabyābādhāyapi manteti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, asappuriso asappurisamantī hoti.
緬 3.72已對照

“諸比丘,非善士怎樣是說非善士之語者呢?諸比丘,在此,非善士是妄語者,是離間語者,是粗惡語者,是雜穢語者。諸比丘,這樣,非善士就是說非善士之語者。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, asappuriso asappurisavāco hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, asappuriso musāvādī hoti, pisuṇavāco hoti, pharusavāco hoti, samphappalāpī hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, asappuriso asappurisavāco hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,非善士怎樣是作非善士之業者呢?諸比丘,在此,非善士是殺生者,是取不與者,是欲邪行者。諸比丘,這樣,非善士就是作非善士之業者。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, asappuriso asappurisakammanto hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, asappuriso pāṇātipātī hoti, adinnādāyī hoti, kāmesumicchācārī hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, asappuriso asappurisakammanto hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,非善士怎樣是持非善士之見者呢?諸比丘,在此,非善士是這樣見的——‘沒有布施,沒有供養(yiṭṭha),沒有祭祀(huta);沒有善作、惡作之業的果與異熟;沒有此世,沒有他世;沒有母,沒有父;沒有化生的眾生;世間沒有正行的、正行道的沙門、婆羅門,自己以證智證知此世與他世之後加以宣說。’諸比丘,這樣,非善士就是持非善士之見者。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, asappuriso asappurisadiṭṭhi hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, asappuriso evaṃdiṭṭhi [evaṃdiṭṭhī (sī. pī.), evaṃdiṭṭhiko (syā. kaṃ.)] hoti – ‘natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ, natthi hutaṃ, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ [sukkaṭadukkaṭānaṃ (sī. pī.)] kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, natthi ayaṃ loko, natthi paro loko, natthi mātā, natthi pitā, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā [samaggatā (ka.)] sammāpaṭipannā, ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, asappuriso asappurisadiṭṭhi hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,非善士怎樣施非善士之施呢?諸比丘,在此,非善士不恭敬地布施,不親手布施,不敬重地布施,拋擲似地布施,無[果報]來臨之見而布施。諸比丘,這樣,非善士就施非善士之施。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, asappuriso asappurisadānaṃ deti? Idha, bhikkhave, asappuriso asakkaccaṃ dānaṃ deti, asahatthā dānaṃ deti, acittīkatvā dānaṃ deti, apaviṭṭhaṃ dānaṃ deti anāgamanadiṭṭhiko dānaṃ deti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, asappuriso asappurisadānaṃ deti.
已對照

“諸比丘,那非善士這樣具足非正法,這樣親近非善士,這樣作非善士之思,這樣作非善士之議,這樣說非善士之語,這樣作非善士之業,這樣持非善士之見;這樣施了非善士之施,身壞命終之後,投生於非善士們所去之趣。諸比丘,而什麼是非善士們所去之趣呢?地獄或畜生胎。

‘‘So, bhikkhave, asappuriso evaṃ assaddhammasamannāgato, evaṃ asappurisabhatti, evaṃ asappurisacintī, evaṃ asappurisamantī, evaṃ asappurisavāco, evaṃ asappurisakammanto, evaṃ asappurisadiṭṭhi; evaṃ asappurisadānaṃ datvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā yā asappurisānaṃ gati tattha upapajjati. Kā ca, bhikkhave, asappurisānaṃ gati? Nirayo vā tiracchānayoni vā.
92PTS 3.23緬 3.73已對照

九十二、“諸比丘,善士能知道善士:‘這位尊者是善士’嗎?”“是的,尊者。”“善哉,諸比丘。諸比丘,這是有處、有機會的:善士能知道善士:‘這位尊者是善士。’諸比丘,那麼善士能知道非善士:‘這位尊者是非善士’嗎?”“是的,尊者。”“善哉,諸比丘。諸比丘,這也是有處、有機會的:善士能知道非善士:‘這位尊者是非善士。’諸比丘,善士是具足正法者,是親近善士者,是作善士之思者,是作善士之議者,是說善士之語者,是作善士之業者,是持善士之見者;他施善士之施。”

“諸比丘,善士怎樣是具足正法者呢?諸比丘,在此,善士是有信者,是有慚者,是有愧者,是多聞者,是發起精進者,是念已現起者,是有慧者。諸比丘,這樣,善士就是具足正法者。

“諸比丘,善士怎樣是親近善士者呢?諸比丘,在此,凡是那些有信、有慚、有愧、多聞、發起精進、念已現起、有慧的沙門、婆羅門,他們是善士的朋友,他們是[他的]同伴。諸比丘,這樣,善士就是親近善士者。

“諸比丘,善士怎樣是作善士之思者呢?諸比丘,在此,善士既不思於自身的損害,也不思於他人的損害,也不思於兩者的損害。諸比丘,這樣,善士就是作善士之思者。

“諸比丘,善士怎樣是作善士之議者呢?諸比丘,在此,善士既不謀議於自身的損害,也不謀議於他人的損害,也不謀議於兩者的損害。諸比丘,這樣,善士就是作善士之議者。

“諸比丘,善士怎樣是說善士之語者呢?諸比丘,在此,善士是遠離妄語者,是遠離離間語者,是遠離粗惡語者,是遠離雜穢語者。諸比丘,這樣,善士就是說善士之語者。

“諸比丘,善士怎樣是作善士之業者呢?諸比丘,在此,善士是遠離殺生者,是遠離不與取者,是遠離欲邪行者。諸比丘,這樣,善士就是作善士之業者。

“諸比丘,善士怎樣是持善士之見者呢?諸比丘,在此,善士是這樣見的——‘有布施,有供養,有祭祀;有善作、惡作之業的果與異熟;有此世,有他世;有母,有父;有化生的眾生;世間有正行的、正行道的沙門、婆羅門,自己以證智證知此世與他世之後加以宣說。’諸比丘,這樣,善士就是持善士之見者。

“諸比丘,善士怎樣施善士之施呢?諸比丘,在此,善士恭敬地布施,親手布施,敬重地布施,不拋擲似地布施,有[果報]來臨之見而布施。諸比丘,這樣,善士就施善士之施。

“諸比丘,那善士這樣具足正法,這樣親近善士,這樣作善士之思,這樣作善士之議,這樣說善士之語,這樣作善士之業,這樣持善士之見;這樣施了善士之施,身壞命終之後,投生於善士們所去之趣。諸比丘,而什麼是善士們所去之趣呢?天的偉大或人的偉大。”

世尊說了這[番話]。那些比丘滿意、歡喜世尊之所說。

92. ‘‘Jāneyya nu kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisaṃ – ‘sappuriso ayaṃ bhava’’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave; ṭhānametaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati yaṃ sappuriso sappurisaṃ jāneyya – ‘sappuriso ayaṃ bhava’nti. Jāneyya pana, bhikkhave, sappuriso asappurisaṃ – ‘asappuriso ayaṃ bhava’’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave; etampi kho, bhikkhave, ṭhānaṃ vijjati yaṃ sappuriso asappurisaṃ jāneyya – ‘asappuriso ayaṃ bhava’nti. Sappuriso, bhikkhave, saddhammasamannāgato hoti, sappurisabhatti hoti, sappurisacintī hoti, sappurisamantī hoti, sappurisavāco hoti, sappurisakammanto hoti, sappurisadiṭṭhi hoti; sappurisadānaṃ deti’’.
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso saddhammasamannāgato hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, sappuriso saddho hoti, hirimā hoti, ottappī hoti, bahussuto hoti, āraddhavīriyo hoti, upaṭṭhitassati hoti, paññavā hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso saddhammasamannāgato hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisabhatti hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, sappurisassa ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhā hirimanto ottappino bahussutā āraddhavīriyā upaṭṭhitassatino paññavanto tyāssa mittā honti, te sahāyā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisabhatti hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisacintī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, sappuriso nevattabyābādhāya ceteti, na parabyābādhāya ceteti, na ubhayabyābādhāya ceteti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisacintī hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisamantī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, sappuriso nevattabyābādhāya manteti, na parabyābādhāya manteti, na ubhayabyābādhāya manteti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisamantī hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisavāco hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, sappuriso musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisavāco hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisakammanto hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, sappuriso pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisakammanto hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisadiṭṭhi hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, sappuriso evaṃdiṭṭhi hoti – ‘atthi dinnaṃ, atthi yiṭṭhaṃ, atthi hutaṃ, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, atthi ayaṃ loko, atthi paro loko, atthi mātā, atthi pitā, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammāpaṭipannā ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisadiṭṭhi hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisadānaṃ deti? Idha, bhikkhave, sappuriso sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ deti, sahatthā dānaṃ deti, cittīkatvā dānaṃ deti, anapaviṭṭhaṃ dānaṃ deti, āgamanadiṭṭhiko dānaṃ deti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisadānaṃ deti.
‘‘So, bhikkhave, sappuriso evaṃ saddhammasamannāgato, evaṃ sappurisabhatti, evaṃ sappurisacintī, evaṃ sappurisamantī, evaṃ sappurisavāco, evaṃ sappurisakammanto, evaṃ sappurisadiṭṭhi; evaṃ sappurisadānaṃ datvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā yā sappurisānaṃ gati tattha upapajjati. Kā ca, bhikkhave, sappurisānaṃ gati? Devamahattatā vā manussamahattatā vā’’ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Cūḷapuṇṇamasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dasamaṃ.
Devadahavaggo niṭṭhito paṭhamo.
已對照

《小滿月經》終,[《天湖品》中之]第十[經]。

《天湖品》終,第一[品]。

其攝頌——

天湖、五三,如何、薩摩、善星;

[不動]利益、算數、瞿默,大滿月與小滿月。

Tassuddānaṃ –
Devadahaṃ pañcattayaṃ, kinti-sāma-sunakkhattaṃ;
Sappāya-gaṇa-gopaka-mahāpuṇṇacūḷapuṇṇañcāti.
2. Anupadavaggo