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中部第104經 · 薩摩村經 Sāmagāmasuttaṃ

本經目錄四、薩摩村經

41PTS 2.244緬 3.32已對照

四、薩摩村經

四十一、如是我聞——一時,世尊住在釋迦[國]的薩摩村(Sāmagāma)。那時,尼乾陀·若提子(Nigaṇṭha Nāṭaputta)剛在波婆(Pāvā)命終。由於他的命終,諸尼乾陀分裂了,分成兩派,起了糾紛、起了爭吵、陷入爭論,以口舌之矛互相刺戳而住——“你不了知這法與律,我了知這法與律,你哪能了知這法與律!你是邪行道者,我才是正行道者。我[所說]相應[義理],你[所說]不相應。應先說的你後說了,應後說的你先說了。你慣行的[主張]已被翻轉,你的論已被舉罪,你已被折伏;去為解脫你的論[設法]吧,若能夠就解釋開來!”在尼乾陀·若提子的門徒中,簡直像是隻有殺戮在進行。就連尼乾陀·若提子那些身著白衣的在家弟子,對尼乾陀·若提子的門徒們也顯出厭離之相、離染之相、退避之相——正如對那惡說、惡宣說、不出離、不導向寂止、非正等正覺者所宣說、塔已破、無所依怙的法與律[所應有的那樣]。

41. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati sāmagāme. Tena kho pana samayena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto [nāthaputto (sī. pī.)] pāvāyaṃ adhunākālaṅkato [kālakato (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] hoti. Tassa kālaṅkiriyāya bhinnā nigaṇṭhā dvedhikajātā [dveḷhakajātā (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṃ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharanti – ‘‘na tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāsi, ahaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāmi. Kiṃ tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānissasi! Micchāpaṭipanno tvamasi, ahamasmi sammāpaṭipanno. Sahitaṃ me, asahitaṃ te. Purevacanīyaṃ pacchā avaca, pacchāvacanīyaṃ pure avaca. Adhiciṇṇaṃ [aviciṇṇaṃ (sī. pī.)] te viparāvattaṃ. Āropito te vādo. Niggahitosi, cara vādappamokkhāya; nibbeṭhehi vā sace pahosī’’ti. Vadhoyeva kho [vadhoyeveko (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] maññe nigaṇṭhesu nāṭaputtiyesu vattati. Yepi nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa sāvakā gihī odātavasanā tepi nigaṇṭhesu nāṭaputtiyesu nibbinnarūpā [nibbindarūpā (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] virattarūpā paṭivānarūpā yathā taṃ durakkhāte dhammavinaye duppavedite aniyyānike anupasamasaṃvattanike asammāsambuddhappavedite bhinnathūpe appaṭisaraṇe.
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四十二、那時,純陀沙彌(Cunda samaṇuddesa)在波婆度過雨安居之後,來到薩摩村具壽阿難之處;到了之後,禮敬具壽阿難,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的純陀沙彌對具壽阿難這樣說:“尊者,尼乾陀·若提子剛在波婆命終。由於他的命終,諸尼乾陀分裂了,分成兩派……乃至……塔已破、無所依怙。”這樣說時,具壽阿難對純陀沙彌這樣說:“賢友純陀,這確是一件可以帶去謁見世尊的談話之資。來吧,賢友純陀,我們去世尊之處;到了之後,把這件事稟告世尊。”“是的,尊者。”純陀沙彌應諾具壽阿難。

42. Atha kho cundo samaṇuddeso pāvāyaṃ vassaṃvuṭṭho [vassaṃvuttho (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] yena sāmagāmo yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho cundo samaṇuddeso āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘nigaṇṭho, bhante, nāṭaputto pāvāyaṃ adhunākālaṅkato. Tassa kālaṅkiriyāya bhinnā nigaṇṭhā dvedhikajātā…pe… bhinnathūpe appaṭisaraṇe’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā ānando cundaṃ samaṇuddesaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘atthi kho idaṃ, āvuso cunda, kathāpābhataṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Āyāma, āvuso cunda, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamissāma; upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ bhagavato ārocessāmā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho cundo samaṇuddeso āyasmato ānandassa paccassosi.
PTS 2.245緬 3.33已對照

於是具壽阿難與純陀沙彌一同來到世尊之處;到了之後,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的具壽阿難對世尊這樣說:“尊者,這位純陀沙彌這樣說:‘尊者,尼乾陀·若提子剛在波婆命終。由於他的命終,諸尼乾陀分裂了,分成兩派……乃至……塔已破、無所依怙。’尊者,對此我這樣想:‘但願世尊去世之後,僧中不要生起諍論;那諍論會是為眾人的不利益、為眾人的不安樂,為廣大人眾、天與人的無義利、不利益與苦。’”

Atha kho āyasmā ca ānando cundo ca samaṇuddeso yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, bhante, cundo samaṇuddeso evamāha – ‘nigaṇṭho, bhante, nāṭaputto pāvāyaṃ adhunākālaṅkato. Tassa kālaṅkiriyāya bhinnā nigaṇṭhā dvedhikajātā…pe… bhinnathūpe appaṭisaraṇe’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evaṃ hoti – ‘māheva bhagavato accayena saṅghe vivādo uppajji; svāssa [so (sī. pī.), svāyaṃ (ka.)] vivādo bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussāna’’’nti.
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四十三、“阿難,你認為怎樣,凡是我以證智所教說的諸法,即:四念處、四正勤、四神足、五根、五力、七覺支、八支聖道——阿難,你見到在這些法上有哪怕兩位比丘異說嗎?”“尊者,凡是世尊以證智所教說的諸法,即:四念處、四正勤、四神足、五根、五力、七覺支、八支聖道——我不見在這些法上有哪怕兩位比丘異說。然而,尊者,那些[如今]恭敬地依止世尊而住的人,他們在世尊去世之後,也可能會在僧中就活命或就波羅提木叉生起諍論;那諍論會是為眾人的不利益、為眾人的不安樂,為廣大人眾、天與人的無義利、不利益與苦。”“阿難,那諍論是微小的,即:就活命或就波羅提木叉[而起的]。阿難,因為若在僧中生起的諍論是就道或就行道而生起的,那諍論便會是為眾人的不利益、為眾人的不安樂,為廣大人眾、天與人的無義利、不利益與苦。

43. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ānanda, ye vo mayā dhammā abhiññā desitā, seyyathidaṃ – cattāro satipaṭṭhānā cattāro sammappadhānā cattāro iddhipādā pañcindriyāni pañca balāni satta bojjhaṅgā ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, passasi no tvaṃ, ānanda, imesu dhammesu dvepi bhikkhū nānāvāde’’ti? ‘‘Ye me, bhante, dhammā bhagavatā abhiññā desitā, seyyathidaṃ – cattāro satipaṭṭhānā cattāro sammappadhānā cattāro iddhipādā pañcindriyāni pañca balāni satta bojjhaṅgā ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, nāhaṃ passāmi imesu dhammesu dvepi bhikkhū nānāvāde. Ye ca kho [santi ca kho (syā. kaṃ.), santi ca (ka.)], bhante, puggalā bhagavantaṃ patissayamānarūpā viharanti tepi bhagavato accayena saṅghe vivādaṃ janeyyuṃ ajjhājīve vā adhipātimokkhe vā. Svāssa [sossa (sī. pī.), svāyaṃ (ka.)] vivādo bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussāna’’nti. Appamattako so, ānanda, vivādo yadidaṃ – ajjhājīve vā adhipātimokkhe vā. Magge vā hi, ānanda, paṭipadāya vā saṅghe vivādo uppajjamāno uppajjeyya; svāssa vivādo bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ.
44PTS 2.246緬 3.34已對照

四十四、“阿難,有這六種諍根。哪六種[諍根]呢?阿難,在此,比丘是忿怒者、怨恨者。阿難,凡是忿怒、怨恨的比丘,他對導師也不恭敬、不順從而住,對法也不恭敬、不順從而住,對僧也不恭敬、不順從而住,對學也不作圓滿。阿難,凡是對導師不恭敬、不順從而住,對法……對僧不恭敬、不順從而住,對學不作圓滿的比丘,他便在僧中生起諍論;而所生的諍論是為眾人的不利益、為眾人的不安樂,為廣大人眾、天與人的無義利、不利益與苦。阿難,若你們於內或於外見到這樣的諍根,阿難,你們就當為舍斷這惡諍根而努力;阿難,若你們於內或於外不見這樣的諍根,阿難,你們就當為使這惡諍根將來不再漏出而行道。這樣,這惡諍根便得舍斷;這樣,這惡諍根將來便不再漏出。

44. ‘‘Chayimāni, ānanda, vivādamūlāni. Katamāni cha? Idhānanda, bhikkhu kodhano hoti upanāhī. Yo so, ānanda, bhikkhu kodhano hoti upanāhī so sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghepi agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī hoti. Yo so, ānanda, bhikkhu satthari agāravo viharati appatisso, dhamme… saṅghe agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāya na paripūrakārī hoti, so saṅghe vivādaṃ janeti; yo hoti vivādo bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya, bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ. Evarūpañce tumhe, ānanda, vivādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā samanupasseyyātha, tatra tumhe, ānanda, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānāya vāyameyyātha. Evarūpañce tumhe, ānanda, vivādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā na samanupasseyyātha. Tatra tumhe, ānanda, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavāya paṭipajjeyyātha. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānaṃ hoti, evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavo hoti.
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四十五、“再者,阿難,比丘是覆蔑者、攀齊者……乃至……是嫉者、慳者……乃至……是諂者、誑者……乃至……是惡欲者、邪見者……乃至……是執取自見者、堅固執持者、難捨離者。阿難,凡是執取自見、堅固執持、難捨離的比丘,他對導師也不恭敬、不順從而住,對法也不恭敬、不順從而住,對僧也不恭敬、不順從而住,對學也不作圓滿。阿難,凡是對導師不恭敬、不順從而住,對法……對僧……對學不作圓滿的比丘,他便在僧中生起諍論;而所生的諍論是為眾人的不利益、為眾人的不安樂,為廣大人眾、天與人的無義利、不利益與苦。阿難,若你們於內或於外見到這樣的諍根,阿難,你們就當為舍斷這惡諍根而努力;阿難,若你們於內或於外不見這樣的諍根,阿難,你們就當為使這惡諍根將來不再漏出而行道。這樣,這惡諍根便得舍斷;這樣,這惡諍根將來便不再漏出。阿難,這就是六種諍根。

45. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, bhikkhu makkhī hoti paḷāsī…pe… issukī hoti maccharī…pe… saṭho hoti māyāvī…pe… pāpiccho hoti micchādiṭṭhi [micchādiṭṭhī (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.)] …pe… sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī. Yo so, ānanda, bhikkhu sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī so sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghepi agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī hoti. Yo so, ānanda, bhikkhu satthari agāravo viharati appatisso, dhamme… saṅghe… sikkhāya na paripūrakārī hoti so saṅghe vivādaṃ janeti; yo hoti vivādo bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya, bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ. Evarūpañce tumhe, ānanda, vivādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā samanupasseyyātha. Tatra tumhe, ānanda, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānāya vāyameyyātha. Evarūpañce tumhe, ānanda, vivādamūlaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā na samanupasseyyātha, tatra tumhe, ānanda, tasseva pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavāya paṭipajjeyyātha. Evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa pahānaṃ hoti, evametassa pāpakassa vivādamūlassa āyatiṃ anavassavo hoti. Imāni kho, ānanda, cha vivādamūlāni.
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四十六、“阿難,有這四種諍事。哪四種[諍事]呢?諍論諍事、謗諍事、罪諍事、事務諍事——阿難,這就是四種諍事。阿難,又有這七種滅諍——為止息、寂靜一再生起的諸諍事,應給予現前毗尼,應給予憶念毗尼,應給予不痴毗尼,應依自認而作,[應用]多人語,[應用]覓罪相,[應用]如草覆地。

46. ‘‘Cattārimāni, ānanda, adhikaraṇāni. Katamāni cattāri? Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, kiccādhikaraṇaṃ – imāni kho, ānanda, cattāri adhikaraṇāni. Satta kho panime, ānanda, adhikaraṇasamathā – uppannuppannānaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ samathāya vūpasamāya sammukhāvinayo dātabbo, sativinayo dātabbo, amūḷhavinayo dātabbo, paṭiññāya kāretabbaṃ, yebhuyyasikā, tassapāpiyasikā, tiṇavatthārako.
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四十七、“阿難,如何是現前毗尼?阿難,在此,比丘們就‘是法’或‘是非法’、‘是律’或‘是非律’而諍論。阿難,那些比丘全體都應和合地集會。集會之後,應細察法的準繩。細察法的準繩之後,應依在那裡所相合的那樣,使那諍事寂靜。阿難,如是而為現前毗尼;而在此,某些諍事是如是得寂靜的,即:以現前毗尼。

47. ‘‘Kathañcānanda, sammukhāvinayo hoti? Idhānanda, bhikkhū vivadanti dhammoti vā adhammoti vā vinayoti vā avinayoti vā. Tehānanda, bhikkhūhi sabbeheva samaggehi sannipatitabbaṃ. Sannipatitvā dhammanetti samanumajjitabbā. Dhammanettiṃ samanumajjitvā yathā tattha sameti tathā taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametabbaṃ. Evaṃ kho, ānanda, sammukhāvinayo hoti; evañca panidhekaccānaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ vūpasamo hoti yadidaṃ – sammukhāvinayena.
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四十八、“阿難,如何是多人語?阿難,若那些比丘不能在那住處使那諍事寂靜,阿難,那些比丘應前往比丘較多的那個住處。在那裡,全體都應和合地集會。集會之後,應細察法的準繩。細察法的準繩之後,應依在那裡所相合的那樣,使那諍事寂靜。阿難,如是而為多人語;而在此,某些諍事是如是得寂靜的,即:以多人語。

48. ‘‘Kathañcānanda, yebhuyyasikā hoti? Te ce, ānanda, bhikkhū na sakkonti taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ tasmiṃ āvāse vūpasametuṃ. Tehānanda, bhikkhūhi yasmiṃ āvāse bahutarā bhikkhū so āvāso gantabbo. Tattha sabbeheva samaggehi sannipatitabbaṃ. Sannipatitvā dhammanetti samanumajjitabbā. Dhammanettiṃ samanumajjitvā yathā tattha sameti tathā taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametabbaṃ. Evaṃ kho, ānanda, yebhuyyasikā hoti, evañca panidhekaccānaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ vūpasamo hoti yadidaṃ – yebhuyyasikāya.
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四十九、“阿難,如何是憶念毗尼?阿難,在此,比丘們以這樣的重罪——以波羅夷或以近波羅夷[罪]——詰責一位比丘:‘具壽請回想,[你]可曾犯過這樣的重罪——波羅夷或近波羅夷[罪]?’他這樣說:‘賢友,我不記得曾犯過這樣的重罪——波羅夷或近波羅夷[罪]。’阿難,應給予那位比丘憶念毗尼。阿難,如是而為憶念毗尼;而在此,某些諍事是如是得寂靜的,即:以憶念毗尼。

49. ‘‘Kathañcānanda, sativinayo hoti? Idhānanda, bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ evarūpāya garukāya āpattiyā codenti pārājikena vā pārājikasāmantena vā – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ [evarūpaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) evarūpāya-iti vuccamānavacanena sameti. vinayenapi saṃsandetabbaṃ] garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti? So evamāha – ‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, sarāmi evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti. Tassa kho [tassa kho evaṃ (sabbattha)], ānanda, bhikkhuno sativinayo dātabbo. Evaṃ kho, ānanda, sativinayo hoti, evañca panidhekaccānaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ vūpasamo hoti yadidaṃ – sativinayena.
50緬 3.36已對照

五十、“阿難,如何是不痴毗尼?阿難,在此,比丘們以這樣的重罪——以波羅夷或以近波羅夷[罪]——詰責一位比丘:‘具壽請回想,[你]可曾犯過這樣的重罪——波羅夷或近波羅夷[罪]?’(他這樣說:‘賢友,我不記得曾犯過這樣的重罪——波羅夷或近波羅夷[罪]。’那[比丘]正在為自己開脫,他卻進一步緊逼他:‘來,具壽,你好好地弄清楚,是否記得曾犯過這樣的重罪——波羅夷或近波羅夷[罪]。’)他這樣說:‘賢友,我曾陷入瘋狂、心的顛倒。我在那瘋狂之時,越行了許多非沙門的[事],以語所說、以身所作。我不記得那[事]。那是我在痴迷中所作的。’阿難,應給予那位比丘不痴毗尼。阿難,如是而為不痴毗尼;而在此,某些諍事是如是得寂靜的,即:以不痴毗尼。

50. ‘‘Kathañcānanda, amūḷhavinayo hoti? Idhānanda, bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ evarūpāya garukāya āpattiyā codenti pārājikena vā pārājikasāmantena vā – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti? (So evamāha – ‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, sarāmi evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti. Tamenaṃ so nibbeṭhentaṃ ativeṭheti – ‘iṅghāyasmā sādhukameva jānāhi yadi sarasi evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti.) [( ) etthantare pāṭho cūḷava. 237 natthi tassapāpiyasikāvāreevetena bhavitabbaṃ] So evamāha – ‘ahaṃ kho, āvuso, ummādaṃ pāpuṇiṃ cetaso vipariyāsaṃ. Tena me ummattakena bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ [bhāsitaparikantaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)]. Nāhaṃ taṃ sarāmi. Mūḷhena me etaṃ kata’nti. Tassa kho [tassa kho evaṃ (syā. kaṃ. ka.)], ānanda, bhikkhuno amūḷhavinayo dātabbo. Evaṃ kho, ānanda, amūḷhavinayo hoti, evañca panidhekaccānaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ vūpasamo hoti yadidaṃ – amūḷhavinayena.
51已對照

五十一、“阿難,如何是自認而作?阿難,在此,比丘無論被詰責或未被詰責,憶起罪,[便]開顯、明示[它]。阿難,那位比丘應去到一位更年長的比丘處,把衣偏袒一肩,禮足,蹲坐,合掌,應對他這樣說:‘尊者,我犯了某某罪,我發露它。’他這樣說:‘你看見[它]嗎?’‘是的,我看見。’‘今後你應防護。’(‘我會防護。’)阿難,如是而為自認而作;而在此,某些諍事是如是得寂靜的,即:以自認而作。

51. ‘‘Kathañcānanda, paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ hoti? Idhānanda, bhikkhu codito vā acodito vā āpattiṃ sarati, vivarati uttānīkaroti [uttāniṃ karoti (ka.)]. Tena, ānanda, bhikkhunā vuḍḍhataraṃ bhikkhuṃ [vuḍḍhataro bhikkhu (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ cīvaraṃ katvā pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ‘ahaṃ, bhante, itthannāmaṃ āpattiṃ āpanno, taṃ paṭidesemī’ti. So evamāha – ‘passasī’ti? ‘Āma passāmī’ti. ‘Āyatiṃ saṃvareyyāsī’ti. (‘Saṃvarissāmī’ti.) [( ) vinaye natthi] Evaṃ kho, ānanda, paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ hoti, evañca panidhekaccānaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ vūpasamo hoti yadidaṃ – paṭiññātakaraṇena.
52PTS 2.249緬 3.37已對照

五十二、“阿難,如何是覓罪相?阿難,在此,一位比丘以這樣的重罪——以波羅夷或以近波羅夷[罪]——詰責一位比丘:‘具壽請回想,[你]可曾犯過這樣的重罪——波羅夷或近波羅夷[罪]?’他這樣說:‘賢友,我不記得曾犯過這樣的重罪——波羅夷或近波羅夷[罪]。’那[比丘]正在為自己開脫,他卻進一步緊逼他:‘來,具壽,你好好地弄清楚,是否記得曾犯過這樣的重罪——波羅夷或近波羅夷[罪]。’他這樣說:‘賢友,我不記得曾犯過這樣的重罪——波羅夷或近波羅夷[罪];然而,賢友,我記得曾犯過這樣的微小的罪。’那[比丘]正在為自己開脫,他卻進一步緊逼他:‘來,具壽,你好好地弄清楚,是否記得曾犯過這樣的重罪——波羅夷或近波羅夷[罪]?’他這樣說:‘賢友,我犯了這樣的微小的罪,未被問就會自認;何況我犯了這樣的重罪——波羅夷或近波羅夷[罪]——被問時會不自認呢?’他這樣說:‘賢友,你犯了這樣的微小的罪,未被問都不自認;何況你犯了這樣的重罪——波羅夷或近波羅夷[罪]——被問時會自認呢?來,具壽,你好好地弄清楚,是否記得曾犯過這樣的重罪——波羅夷或近波羅夷[罪]。’他這樣說:‘賢友,我記得曾犯過這樣的重罪——波羅夷或近波羅夷[罪]。我那[話]是倉促說的,是失口說的——[說]我不記得曾犯過這樣的重罪——波羅夷或近波羅夷[罪]。’阿難,如是而為覓罪相;而在此,某些諍事是如是得寂靜的,即:以覓罪相。

52. ‘‘Kathañcānanda, tassapāpiyasikā hoti? Idhānanda, bhikkhu bhikkhuṃ evarūpāya garukāya āpattiyā codeti pārājikena vā pārājikasāmantena vā – ‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti? So evamāha – ‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, sarāmi evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti. Tamenaṃ so nibbeṭhentaṃ ativeṭheti – ‘iṅghāyasmā sādhukameva jānāhi yadi sarasi evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti. So evamāha – ‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, sarāmi evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā; sarāmi ca kho ahaṃ, āvuso, evarūpiṃ appamattikaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā’ti. Tamenaṃ so nibbeṭhentaṃ ativeṭheti – ‘iṅghāyasmā sādhukameva jānāhi yadi sarasi evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti? So evamāha – ‘imañhi nāmāhaṃ, āvuso, appamattikaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitvā apuṭṭho paṭijānissāmi. Kiṃ panāhaṃ evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitvā pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā puṭṭho napaṭijānissāmī’ti? So evamāha – ‘imañhi nāma tvaṃ, āvuso, appamattikaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitvā apuṭṭho napaṭijānissasi, kiṃ pana tvaṃ evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitvā pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā puṭṭho [apuṭṭho (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] paṭijānissasi? Iṅghāyasmā sādhukameva jānāhi yadi sarasi evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti. So evamāha – ‘sarāmi kho ahaṃ, āvuso, evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā. Davā me etaṃ vuttaṃ, ravā me etaṃ vuttaṃ – nāhaṃ taṃ sarāmi evarūpiṃ garukaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjitā pārājikaṃ vā pārājikasāmantaṃ vā’ti. Evaṃ kho, ānanda, tassapāpiyasikā hoti, evañca panidhekaccānaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ vūpasamo hoti yadidaṃ – tassapāpiyasikāya.
53PTS 2.250已對照

五十三、“阿難,如何是如草覆地?阿難,在此,比丘們起了糾紛、起了爭吵、陷入爭論而住時,越行了許多非沙門的[事],以語所說、以身所作。阿難,那些比丘全體都應和合地集會。集會之後,一方的比丘中,應由一位明達的比丘從座而起,把衣偏袒一肩,合掌,告知僧團:

53. ‘‘Kathañcānanda, tiṇavatthārako hoti? Idhānanda, bhikkhūnaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ hoti bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Tehānanda, bhikkhūhi sabbeheva samaggehi sannipatitabbaṃ. Sannipatitvā ekatopakkhikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ byattena [byattatarena (sī. pī. ka.)] bhikkhunā uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ cīvaraṃ katvā añjaliṃ paṇāmetvā saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
緬 3.38已對照

‘尊者們,請僧團聽我說:我們起了糾紛、起了爭吵、陷入爭論而住時,越行了許多非沙門的[事],以語所說、以身所作。若僧團時機已至,我願為了這些具壽的義利與我自己的義利,把這些具壽的罪與我自己的罪,在僧團中以如草覆地[的方式]發露——除去粗罪,除去與在家人相關[之罪]。’”

‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Idaṃ amhākaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ yā ceva imesaṃ āyasmantānaṃ āpatti yā ca attano āpatti, imesañceva āyasmantānaṃ atthāya attano ca atthāya, saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena deseyyaṃ, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ ṭhapetvā gihipaṭisaṃyutta’’’nti.
已對照

“然後另一方的比丘中,應由一位明達的比丘從座而起,把衣偏袒一肩,合掌,告知僧團:

‘‘Athāparesaṃ ekatopakkhikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ byattena bhikkhunā uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ cīvaraṃ katvā añjaliṃ paṇāmetvā saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
已對照

‘尊者們,請僧團聽我說:我們起了糾紛、起了爭吵、陷入爭論而住時,越行了許多非沙門的[事],以語所說、以身所作。若僧團時機已至,我願為了這些具壽的義利與我自己的義利,把這些具壽的罪與我自己的罪,在僧團中以如草覆地[的方式]發露——除去粗罪,除去與在家人相關[之罪]。’”

‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Idaṃ amhākaṃ bhaṇḍanajātānaṃ kalahajātānaṃ vivādāpannānaṃ viharataṃ bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhāciṇṇaṃ bhāsitaparikkantaṃ. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ yā ceva imesaṃ āyasmantānaṃ āpatti yā ca attano āpatti, imesañceva āyasmantānaṃ atthāya attano ca atthāya, saṅghamajjhe tiṇavatthārakena deseyyaṃ, ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ ṭhapetvā gihipaṭisaṃyutta’’’nti.
已對照

“阿難,如是而為如草覆地;而在此,某些諍事是如是得寂靜的,即:以如草覆地。

‘‘Evaṃ kho, ānanda, tiṇavatthārako hoti, evañca panidhekaccānaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ vūpasamo hoti yadidaṃ – tiṇavatthārakena.
54PTS 2.251緬 3.39已對照

五十四、“阿難,有這六種可念法,令[人]可愛、令[人]可尊重,導向攝受、無諍、和合、一如。哪六種[法]呢?阿難,在此,比丘對諸同梵行者,於顯處與屏處都現起慈的身業。這也是一種可念法,令[人]可愛、令[人]可尊重,導向攝受、無諍、和合、一如。

“再者,阿難,比丘對諸同梵行者,於顯處與屏處都現起慈的語業。這也是一種可念法,令[人]可愛、令[人]可尊重,導向攝受、無諍、和合、一如。

“再者,阿難,比丘對諸同梵行者,於顯處與屏處都現起慈的意業。這也是一種可念法,令[人]可愛、令[人]可尊重,導向攝受、無諍、和合、一如。

“再者,阿難,比丘凡是如法所得、依法而得的利養,甚至只是缽中所受的[一份],對這樣的利養也不別藏獨享,而與具戒的諸同梵行者共同受用。這也是一種可念法,令[人]可愛、令[人]可尊重,導向攝受、無諍、和合、一如。

“再者,阿難,比丘對於那些無毀、無穿、無斑、無雜、自在、智者所贊、不被執取、導向定的諸戒,於這樣的諸戒中與諸同梵行者一同住於戒的共同,於顯處與屏處皆然。這也是一種可念法,令[人]可愛、令[人]可尊重,導向攝受、無諍、和合、一如。

“再者,阿難,比丘對於那聖的、能出離的、能令依之而行者正盡苦的見,於這樣的見中與諸同梵行者一同住於見的共同,於顯處與屏處皆然。這也是一種可念法,令[人]可愛、令[人]可尊重,導向攝受、無諍、和合、一如。阿難,這就是六種可念法,令[人]可愛、令[人]可尊重,導向攝受、無諍、和合、一如。

“阿難,若你們受持這六種可念法而行,阿難,你們還看得到有哪一種語路,或細或粗,是你們所不能忍受的嗎?”“不是的,尊者。”“因此,阿難,你們要受持這六種可念法而行。那將使你們長夜得利益、得安樂。”

世尊說了這[番話]。具壽阿難滿意、歡喜世尊之所說。

54. ‘‘Chayime, ānanda, dhammā sāraṇīyā piyakaraṇā garukaraṇā saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṃvattanti. Katame cha? Idhānanda, bhikkhuno mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca. Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, bhikkhuno mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca. Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, bhikkhuno mettaṃ manokammaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca. Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, bhikkhu – ye te lābhā dhammikā dhammaladdhā antamaso pattapariyāpannamattampi tathārūpehi lābhehi – apaṭivibhattabhogī hoti, sīlavantehi sabrahmacārīhi sādhāraṇabhogī. Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, bhikkhu – yāni tāni sīlāni akhaṇḍāni acchiddāni asabalāni akammāsāni bhujissāni viññuppasatthāni aparāmaṭṭhāni samādhisaṃvattanikāni tathārūpesu sīlesu – sīlasāmaññagato viharati sabrahmacārīhi āvi ceva raho ca. Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, bhikkhu – yāyaṃ diṭṭhi ariyā niyyānikā niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayā tathārūpāya diṭṭhiyā – diṭṭhisāmaññagato viharati sabrahmacārīhi āvi ceva raho ca. Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṃvattati. Ime kho, ānanda, cha sāraṇīyā dhammā piyakaraṇā garukaraṇā saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṃvattanti.
‘‘Ime ce tumhe, ānanda, cha sāraṇīye dhamme samādāya vatteyyātha, passatha no tumhe, ānanda, taṃ vacanapathaṃ aṇuṃ vā thūlaṃ vā yaṃ tumhe nādhivāseyyāthā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Tasmātihānanda, ime cha sāraṇīye dhamme samādāya vattatha. Taṃ vo bhavissati dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano āyasmā ānando bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.
Sāmagāmasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ catutthaṃ.
已對照

《薩摩村經》終,[《天湖品》中之]第四[經]。