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長部第2經 · 沙門果經 Sāmaññaphalasutta

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或再生於其他家族者聽聞那法→或出生於其他某個家族者聽聞那法(DN3 n279審校(R2):paccājāta=出生,非“再生”,婆羅門語境中)
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如此說時,馬嘎塔國王韋迭希子阿迦答沙都對世尊如此說→如是說時,馬嘎塔國王韋迭希子阿迦答沙都對世尊如此說
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本經目錄2.沙門果經(Sāmaññaphalasutta)王臣之論童子醫·耆婆之論沙門果之問富蘭那·迦葉(PūraṇaKassapa)之說末伽梨·拘舍梨(MakkhaliGosāla)之說阿耆多·翅舍欽婆羅(AjitaKesakambala)之說婆浮陀·迦旃延(PakudhaKaccāyana)之說尼乾陀·若提子(NigaṇṭhaNāṭaputta)之說刪闍耶·毘羅胝子(SañcayaBelaṭṭhaputta)之說第一現見的沙門果第二現見的沙門果更殊勝的沙門果小戒(Cūḷasīla)中戒(Majjhimasīla)大戒(Mahāsīla)根律儀(indriyasaṃvara)念與正知(satisampajañña)知足(santosa)舍斷諸蓋(nīvaraṇappahāna)初禪(paṭhamajjhāna)第二禪(dutiyajjhāna)第三禪(tatiyajjhāna)第四禪(catutthajjhāna)觀智(vipassanāñāṇa)意所成神變智(manomayiddhiñāṇa)神變智(iddhividhañāṇa)天耳界智(dibbasotañāṇa)他心智(cetopariyañāṇa)宿住隨念智(pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇa)天眼智(dibbacakkhuñāṇa)漏盡智(āsavakkhayañāṇa)阿闍世(Ajātasattu)表明為優婆塞(upāsaka)

2.沙門果經(Sāmaññaphalasutta)2. Sāmaññaphalasuttaṃ

王臣之論Rājāmaccakathā

150PTS 1.47緬 1.44已對照

如是我聞:一時,世尊(Bhagavā)住在王舍城(Rājagaha)耆婆(Jīvaka)·童子醫(Komārabhacca)的芒果林中,與一千二百五十位比丘(bhikkhu)的大比丘僧團在一起。那時,正值布薩(uposatha)日,四個月[雨季]之果母地月(Komudī)的十五日,圓滿的滿月之夜,摩揭陀(Māgadha)國王韋提希子(Vedehiputta)阿闍世(Ajātasattu)在王臣們的圍繞下,坐在殊勝的高樓上層。當時,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世在布薩日發出感嘆:“諸位,明淨的月夜確實怡人!諸位,明淨的月夜確實美麗!諸位,明淨的月夜確實悅目!諸位,明淨的月夜確實清淨可喜!諸位,明淨的月夜確實吉祥!今天我們應當親近哪一位沙門(samaṇa)或婆羅門(brāhmaṇa),使我們親近了他之後內心能夠淨信呢?”

. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati jīvakassa komārabhaccassa ambavane mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhateḷasehi bhikkhusatehi. Tena kho pana samayena rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tadahuposathe pannarase komudiyā cātumāsiniyā puṇṇāya puṇṇamāya rattiyā rājāmaccaparivuto uparipāsādavaragato nisinno hoti. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tadahuposathe udānaṃ udānesi – ‘‘ramaṇīyā vata bho dosinā ratti, abhirūpā vata bho dosinā ratti, dassanīyā vata bho dosinā ratti, pāsādikā vata bho dosinā ratti, lakkhaññā vata bho dosinā ratti. Kaṃ nu khvajja samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā payirupāseyyāma, yaṃ no payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti?
151已對照

如是說時,某位王臣對摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世說:“陛下(deva),這位富蘭那·迦葉(PūraṇaKassapa)擁有僧團,擁有會眾,是會眾之師,知名而有聲譽,是一派的宗師(titthakara),受眾人敬重,閱歷長久,出家已久,年事已高,已至暮年。願陛下親近那位富蘭那·迦葉。也許陛下親近富蘭那·迦葉時,內心能夠淨信。”如是說時,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世保持沉默。

. Evaṃ vutte, aññataro rājāmacco rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ ajātasattuṃ vedehiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, deva, pūraṇo kassapo saṅghī ceva gaṇī ca gaṇācariyo ca ñāto yasassī titthakaro sādhusammato bahujanassa rattaññū cirapabbajito addhagato vayoanuppatto. Taṃ devo pūraṇaṃ kassapaṃ payirupāsatu. Appeva nāma devassa pūraṇaṃ kassapaṃ payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tuṇhī ahosi.
152PTS 1.48已對照

又有一位王臣對摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世說:“陛下,這位末伽梨·拘舍梨(MakkhaliGosāla)擁有僧團,擁有會眾,是會眾之師,知名而有聲譽,是一派的宗師,受眾人敬重,閱歷長久,出家已久,年事已高,已至暮年。願陛下親近那位末伽梨·拘舍梨。也許陛下親近末伽梨·拘舍梨時,內心能夠淨信。”如是說時,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世保持沉默。

. Aññataropi kho rājāmacco rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ ajātasattuṃ vedehiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, deva, makkhali gosālo saṅghī ceva gaṇī ca gaṇācariyo ca ñāto yasassī titthakaro sādhusammato bahujanassa rattaññū cirapabbajito addhagato vayoanuppatto. Taṃ devo makkhaliṃ gosālaṃ payirupāsatu. Appeva nāma devassa makkhaliṃ gosālaṃ payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tuṇhī ahosi.
153緬 1.45已對照

又有一位王臣對摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世說:“陛下,這位阿耆多·翅舍欽婆羅(AjitaKesakambala)擁有僧團,擁有會眾,是會眾之師,知名而有聲譽,是一派的宗師,受眾人敬重,閱歷長久,出家已久,年事已高,已至暮年。願陛下親近那位阿耆多·翅舍欽婆羅。也許陛下親近阿耆多·翅舍欽婆羅時,內心能夠淨信。”如是說時,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世保持沉默。

. Aññataropi kho rājāmacco rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ ajātasattuṃ vedehiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, deva, ajito kesakambalo saṅghī ceva gaṇī ca gaṇācariyo ca ñāto yasassī titthakaro sādhusammato bahujanassa rattaññū cirapabbajito addhagato vayoanuppatto. Taṃ devo ajitaṃ kesakambalaṃ payirupāsatu. Appeva nāma devassa ajitaṃ kesakambalaṃ payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tuṇhī ahosi.
154已對照

又有一位王臣對摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世說:“陛下,這位婆浮陀·迦旃延(PakudhaKaccāyana)擁有僧團,擁有會眾,是會眾之師,知名而有聲譽,是一派的宗師,受眾人敬重,閱歷長久,出家已久,年事已高,已至暮年。願陛下親近那位婆浮陀·迦旃延。也許陛下親近婆浮陀·迦旃延時,內心能夠淨信。”如是說時,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世保持沉默。

. Aññataropi kho rājāmacco rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ ajātasattuṃ vedehiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, deva, pakudho [pakuddho (sī.)] kaccāyano saṅghī ceva gaṇī ca gaṇācariyo ca ñāto yasassī titthakaro sādhusammato bahujanassa rattaññū cirapabbajito addhagato vayoanuppatto. Taṃ devo pakudhaṃ kaccāyanaṃ payirupāsatu. Appeva nāma devassa pakudhaṃ kaccāyanaṃ payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tuṇhī ahosi.
155已對照

又有一位王臣對摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世說:“陛下,這位刪闍耶·毘羅胝子(SañcayaBelaṭṭhaputta)擁有僧團,擁有會眾,是會眾之師,知名而有聲譽,是一派的宗師,受眾人敬重,閱歷長久,出家已久,年事已高,已至暮年。願陛下親近那位刪闍耶·毘羅胝子。也許陛下親近刪闍耶·毘羅胝子時,內心能夠淨信。”如是說時,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世保持沉默。

. Aññataropi kho rājāmacco rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ ajātasattuṃ vedehiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, deva, sañcayo [sañjayo (sī. syā.)] belaṭṭhaputto [bellaṭṭhiputto (sī.), velaṭṭhaputto (syā.)] saṅghī ceva gaṇī ca gaṇācariyo ca ñāto yasassī titthakaro sādhusammato bahujanassa rattaññū cirapabbajito addhagato vayoanuppatto. Taṃ devo sañcayaṃ belaṭṭhaputtaṃ payirupāsatu. Appeva nāma devassa sañcayaṃ belaṭṭhaputtaṃ payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tuṇhī ahosi.
156PTS 1.49緬 1.46已對照

又有一位王臣對摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世說:“陛下,這位尼乾陀·若提子(NigaṇṭhaNāṭaputta)擁有僧團,擁有會眾,是會眾之師,知名而有聲譽,是一派的宗師,受眾人敬重,閱歷長久,出家已久,年事已高,已至暮年。願陛下親近那位尼乾陀·若提子。也許陛下親近尼乾陀·若提子時,內心能夠淨信。”如是說時,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世保持沉默。

. Aññataropi kho rājāmacco rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ ajātasattuṃ vedehiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, deva, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto [nāthaputto (sī.), nātaputto (pī.)] saṅghī ceva gaṇī ca gaṇācariyo ca ñāto yasassī titthakaro sādhusammato bahujanassa rattaññū cirapabbajito addhagato vayoanuppatto. Taṃ devo nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ payirupāsatu. Appeva nāma devassa nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tuṇhī ahosi.

童子醫·耆婆之論Komārabhaccajīvakakathā

157已對照

那時,耆婆·童子醫坐在離摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世不遠之處,保持沉默。於是,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世對耆婆·童子醫說:“朋友耆婆,你為什麼沉默呢?”“陛下,這位世尊、阿羅漢(arahant)、正等正覺者(sammāsambuddha)住在我們的芒果林中,與一千二百五十位比丘的大比丘僧團在一起。關於那位世尊,有這樣的善名聲傳揚:‘那位世尊亦即是阿羅漢、正等正覺者、明行具足(vijjācaraṇasampanna)、善逝(sugata)、世間解(lokavidū)、無上者、調御丈夫(anuttarapurisadammasārathi)、天人導師(satthādevamanussānaṃ)、佛陀(buddha)、世尊。’願陛下親近那位世尊。也許陛下親近世尊時,內心能夠淨信。”

. Tena kho pana samayena jīvako komārabhacco rañño māgadhassa ajātasattussa vedehiputtassa avidūre tuṇhībhūto nisinno hoti. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto jīvakaṃ komārabhaccaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tvaṃ pana, samma jīvaka, kiṃ tuṇhī’’ti? ‘‘Ayaṃ, deva, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho amhākaṃ ambavane viharati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhateḷasehi bhikkhusatehi. Taṃ kho pana bhagavantaṃ [bhagavantaṃ gotamaṃ (sī. ka. pī.)] evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Taṃ devo bhagavantaṃ payirupāsatu. Appeva nāma devassa bhagavantaṃ payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā’ti.
158已對照

“既然如此,朋友耆婆,請準備好象乘。”“是的,陛下。”耆婆·童子醫應諾摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世後,令人備好約五百頭雌象以及國王的御象,然後稟告摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世:“陛下,象乘已為你備好,現在請你考慮適當的時間。”

. ‘‘Tena hi, samma jīvaka, hatthiyānāni kappāpehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti kho jīvako komārabhacco rañño māgadhassa ajātasattussa vedehiputtassa paṭissuṇitvā pañcamattāni hatthinikāsatāni kappāpetvā rañño ca ārohaṇīyaṃ nāgaṃ, rañño māgadhassa ajātasattussa vedehiputtassa paṭivedesi – ‘‘kappitāni kho te, deva, hatthiyānāni, yassadāni kālaṃ maññasī’’ti.
159已對照

於是,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世讓女子們分別騎上五百頭雌象,自己登上御象,在眾人擎持火炬之下,以盛大的王家威儀從王舍城出發,前往耆婆·童子醫的芒果林。

. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto pañcasu hatthinikāsatesu paccekā itthiyo āropetvā ārohaṇīyaṃ nāgaṃ abhiruhitvā ukkāsu dhāriyamānāsu rājagahamhā niyyāsi mahaccarājānubhāvena, yena jīvakassa komārabhaccassa ambavanaṃ tena pāyāsi.
PTS 1.50緬 1.47已對照

當摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世來到芒果林附近時,生起了恐懼,生起了驚愕,生起了身毛豎立。於是,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世恐懼、驚惶、身毛豎立,對耆婆·童子醫說:“朋友耆婆,你該不是在欺騙我吧?朋友耆婆,你該不是在誆騙我吧?朋友耆婆,你該不是要把我交給敵人吧?為什麼這麼大的比丘僧團、一千二百五十位比丘,竟然既沒有噴嚏聲,也沒有咳嗽聲,也沒有任何聲響呢?”

Atha kho rañño māgadhassa ajātasattussa vedehiputtassa avidūre ambavanassa ahudeva bhayaṃ, ahu chambhitattaṃ, ahu lomahaṃso. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhīto saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto jīvakaṃ komārabhaccaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kacci maṃ, samma jīvaka, na vañcesi? Kacci maṃ, samma jīvaka, na palambhesi? Kacci maṃ, samma jīvaka, na paccatthikānaṃ desi? Kathañhi nāma tāva mahato bhikkhusaṅghassa aḍḍhateḷasānaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ neva khipitasaddo bhavissati, na ukkāsitasaddo na nigghoso’’ti.
已對照

“大王,請不要害怕!大王,請不要害怕!陛下,我不欺騙你;陛下,我不誆騙你;陛下,我不會把你交給敵人。大王,請向前!大王,請向前!那圓堂中燈火正燃著。”

‘‘Mā bhāyi, mahārāja, mā bhāyi, mahārāja. Na taṃ deva, vañcemi; na taṃ, deva, palambhāmi; na taṃ, deva, paccatthikānaṃ demi. Abhikkama, mahārāja, abhikkama, mahārāja, ete maṇḍalamāḷe dīpā [padīpā (sī. syā.)] jhāyantī’’ti.

沙門果之問Sāmaññaphalapucchā

160已對照

於是,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世乘象走到象所能通行之處後,便下象步行,來到圓堂的門口;到了之後,對耆婆·童子醫說:“朋友耆婆,世尊在哪裡?”“大王,那位就是世尊。大王,那位就是世尊,靠著中間的柱子,面向東方,坐在比丘僧團之前。”

. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto yāvatikā nāgassa bhūmi nāgena gantvā, nāgā paccorohitvā, pattikova [padikova (syā.)] yena maṇḍalamāḷassa dvāraṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā jīvakaṃ komārabhaccaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kahaṃ pana, samma jīvaka, bhagavā’’ti? ‘‘Eso, mahārāja, bhagavā; eso, mahārāja, bhagavā majjhimaṃ thambhaṃ nissāya puratthābhimukho nisinno purakkhato bhikkhusaṅghassā’’ti.
161已對照

於是,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世來到世尊之處;到了之後,站在一旁。站在一旁的摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世環視默然又默然、猶如清澈湖水一般的比丘僧團,發出感嘆:“願我的優陀夷跋陀(Udayabhadda)王子也具有這份寂靜,如同現在比丘僧團所具有的寂靜!”“大王,你已隨所愛而行了。”“尊者(bhante),優陀夷跋陀王子是我所疼愛的。尊者,願我的優陀夷跋陀王子也具有這份寂靜,如同現在比丘僧團所具有的寂靜!”

. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anuviloketvā rahadamiva vippasannaṃ udānaṃ udānesi – ‘‘iminā me upasamena udayabhaddo [udāyibhaddo (sī. pī.)] kumāro samannāgato hotu, yenetarahi upasamena bhikkhusaṅgho samannāgato’’ti. ‘‘Agamā kho tvaṃ, mahārāja, yathāpema’’nti. ‘‘Piyo me, bhante, udayabhaddo kumāro. Iminā me, bhante, upasamena udayabhaddo kumāro samannāgato hotu yenetarahi upasamena bhikkhusaṅgho samannāgato’’ti.
162PTS 1.51緬 1.48已對照

於是,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世禮敬世尊,向比丘僧團合掌致敬後,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世對世尊說:“尊者,如果世尊允許為我解答所問,我想請問世尊一個問題。”“大王,你想問什麼就問吧。”

. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā, bhikkhusaṅghassa añjaliṃ paṇāmetvā, ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘puccheyyāmahaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ kiñcideva desaṃ [kiñcideva desaṃ lesamattaṃ (syā. kaṃ. ka.)]; sace me bhagavā okāsaṃ karoti pañhassa veyyākaraṇāyā’’ti. ‘‘Puccha, mahārāja, yadākaṅkhasī’’ti.
163已對照

“尊者,正如這些眾多的技能行業(sippāyatana),即:騎象者、騎馬者、車兵、弓箭手、旗手、軍務官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突擊兵、大象般的戰士、勇士、皮甲戰士、婢女之子、點心師、理髮師、助浴師、廚師、花鬘師、洗衣師、織工、編葦匠、陶工、算術師、指算師,以及其他諸如此類的眾多技能行業——他們就在現法(diṭṭhadhamma,今生)中依靠現見的技能之果生活;他們以此使自己快樂、滿足,使父母快樂、滿足,使妻兒快樂、滿足,使朋友同事快樂、滿足,在沙門、婆羅門處確立導向上界的供養(dakkhiṇā)——它是屬天的、有樂報的、導致生天的。尊者,是否也能同樣地施設就在現法中現見的沙門果(sandiṭṭhikaṃsāmaññaphalaṃ)呢?”

. ‘‘Yathā nu kho imāni, bhante, puthusippāyatanāni, seyyathidaṃ – hatthārohā assārohā rathikā dhanuggahā celakā calakā piṇḍadāyakā uggā rājaputtā pakkhandino mahānāgā sūrā cammayodhino dāsikaputtā āḷārikā kappakā nhāpakā [nahāpikā (sī.), nhāpikā (syā.)] sūdā mālākārā rajakā pesakārā naḷakārā kumbhakārā gaṇakā muddikā, yāni vā panaññānipi evaṃgatāni puthusippāyatanāni, te diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sippaphalaṃ upajīvanti; te tena attānaṃ sukhenti pīṇenti [pīnenti (katthaci)], mātāpitaro sukhenti pīṇenti, puttadāraṃ sukhenti pīṇenti, mittāmacce sukhenti pīṇenti, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu [samaṇesu brāhmaṇesu (ka.)] uddhaggikaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhapenti sovaggikaṃ sukhavipākaṃ saggasaṃvattanikaṃ. Sakkā nu kho, bhante, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’’nti?
164PTS 1.52已對照

“大王,你記得曾把這個問題問過其他沙門、婆羅門嗎?”“尊者,我記得曾把這個問題問過其他沙門、婆羅門。”“大王,如果對你不為難,他們是怎樣回答的,請說說吧。”“尊者,凡有世尊或像世尊那樣的人所坐之處,我都不為難。”“既然如此,大王,請說吧。”

. ‘‘Abhijānāsi no tvaṃ, mahārāja, imaṃ pañhaṃ aññe samaṇabrāhmaṇe pucchitā’’ti? ‘‘Abhijānāmahaṃ, bhante, imaṃ pañhaṃ aññe samaṇabrāhmaṇe pucchitā’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana te, mahārāja, byākariṃsu, sace te agaru bhāsassū’’ti. ‘‘Na kho me, bhante, garu, yatthassa bhagavā nisinno, bhagavantarūpo vā’’ti [cāti (sī. ka.)]. ‘‘Tena hi, mahārāja, bhāsassū’’ti.

富蘭那·迦葉(PūraṇaKassapa)之說Pūraṇakassapavādo

165緬 1.49已對照

尊者(bhante),有一次,我前往富蘭那·迦葉那裡;到了之後,與富蘭那·迦葉互相問候;交換了友好、可唸的問候話語之後,坐在一旁。坐在一旁時,尊者,我對富蘭那·迦葉這樣說:“迦葉賢者,正如這些眾多的技能行業,即:騎象者、騎馬者、車兵、弓箭手、旗手、軍務官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突擊兵、大象般的戰士、勇士、皮甲戰士、婢女之子、點心師、理髮師、助浴師、廚師、花鬘師、洗衣師、織工、編葦匠、陶工、算術師、指算師,以及其他諸如此類的眾多技能行業——他們就在現法中依靠現見的技能之果生活;他們以此使自己快樂、滿足,使父母快樂、滿足,使妻兒快樂、滿足,使朋友同事快樂、滿足,在沙門、婆羅門處確立導向上界的供養——它是屬天的、有樂報的、導致生天的。迦葉賢者,是否也能同樣地施設就在現法中現見的沙門果呢?”

. ‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ yena pūraṇo kassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā pūraṇena kassapena saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ahaṃ, bhante, pūraṇaṃ kassapaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā nu kho imāni, bho kassapa, puthusippāyatanāni, seyyathidaṃ – hatthārohā assārohā rathikā dhanuggahā celakā calakā piṇḍadāyakā uggā rājaputtā pakkhandino mahānāgā sūrā cammayodhino dāsikaputtā āḷārikā kappakā nhāpakā sūdā mālākārā rajakā pesakārā naḷakārā kumbhakārā gaṇakā muddikā, yāni vā panaññānipi evaṃgatāni puthusippāyatanāni- te diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sippaphalaṃ upajīvanti; te tena attānaṃ sukhenti pīṇenti, mātāpitaro sukhenti pīṇenti, puttadāraṃ sukhenti pīṇenti, mittāmacce sukhenti pīṇenti, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu uddhaggikaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhapenti sovaggikaṃ sukhavipākaṃ saggasaṃvattanikaṃ. Sakkā nu kho, bho kassapa, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’nti?
166PTS 1.53已對照

尊者,這樣說時,富蘭那·迦葉對我這樣說:“大王(mahārāja),作者與令作者,切割者與令切割者,折磨者與令折磨者,使憂愁者與令使憂愁者,使疲憊者與令使疲憊者,使戰慄者與令使戰慄者,令殺害生命者,取不與取者,破門入室者,掠奪者,行劫獨戶者,攔路伏擊者,與他人之妻苟合者,說虛妄語者——[這樣]作時,惡並沒有被造作。即使有人以邊緣鋒利如剃刀的輪,把這大地上的眾生做成一團肉、一堆肉,也不會由此而有惡,不會有惡的臨至。即使有人沿著恆河(Gaṅgā)南岸前行,殺害、令殺害,切割、令切割,折磨、令折磨,也不會由此而有惡,不會有惡的臨至。即使有人沿著恆河北岸前行,布施、令布施,祭祀、令祭祀,也不會由此而有福,不會有福的臨至。以布施、調御、自制、說真實語,沒有福,也不會有福的臨至。”尊者,富蘭那·迦葉被我問到現見的沙門果時,就這樣回答了無作(akiriya)。

. ‘‘Evaṃ vutte, bhante, pūraṇo kassapo maṃ etadavoca – ‘karoto kho, mahārāja, kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato socayato, socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātāpayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato, karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ. Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇaṃ cepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento chindanto chedāpento pacanto pācāpento, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento yajanto yajāpento, natthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo. Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena natthi puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo’ti. Itthaṃ kho me, bhante, pūraṇo kassapo sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno akiriyaṃ byākāsi.
緬 1.50已對照

尊者,猶如被問到芒果(amba)卻回答麵包果(labuja),被問到麵包果卻回答芒果;同樣地,尊者,富蘭那·迦葉被我問到現見的沙門果時,卻回答了無作。尊者,我這樣想:“像我這樣的人,怎麼能想去貶斥住在國土中的沙門或婆羅門呢?”於是,尊者,我對富蘭那·迦葉所說的話既不歡喜,也不呵斥;既不歡喜也不呵斥,雖心懷不悅,卻不發出不悅之語,不領受、不駁斥其言,便從座位起身離開了。

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhante, ambaṃ vā puṭṭho labujaṃ byākareyya, labujaṃ vā puṭṭho ambaṃ byākareyya; evameva kho me, bhante, pūraṇo kassapo sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno akiriyaṃ byākāsi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘kathañhi nāma mādiso samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā vijite vasantaṃ apasādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, pūraṇassa kassapassa bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃ nappaṭikkosiṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikositvā anattamano, anattamanavācaṃ anicchāretvā, tameva vācaṃ anuggaṇhanto anikkujjanto [anikkujjento (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ [pakkāmiṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)].

末伽梨·拘舍梨(MakkhaliGosāla)之說Makkhaligosālavādo

167已對照

尊者,有一次,我前往末伽梨·拘舍梨那裡;到了之後,與末伽梨·拘舍梨互相問候;交換了友好、可唸的問候話語之後,坐在一旁。坐在一旁時,尊者,我對末伽梨·拘舍梨這樣說:“拘舍梨賢者,正如這些眾多的技能行業,即:騎象者、騎馬者、車兵、弓箭手、旗手、軍務官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突擊兵、大象般的戰士、勇士、皮甲戰士、婢女之子、點心師、理髮師、助浴師、廚師、花鬘師、洗衣師、織工、編葦匠、陶工、算術師、指算師,以及其他諸如此類的眾多技能行業——他們就在現法中依靠現見的技能之果生活;他們以此使自己快樂、滿足,使父母快樂、滿足,使妻兒快樂、滿足,使朋友同事快樂、滿足,在沙門、婆羅門處確立導向上界的供養——它是屬天的、有樂報的、導致生天的。拘舍梨賢者,是否也能同樣地施設就在現法中現見的沙門果呢?”

. ‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ yena makkhali gosālo tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā makkhalinā gosālena saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ahaṃ, bhante, makkhaliṃ gosālaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā nu kho imāni, bho gosāla, puthusippāyatanāni…pe… sakkā nu kho, bho gosāla, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’nti?
168PTS 1.54緬 1.51已對照

尊者,這樣說時,末伽梨·拘舍梨對我這樣說:“大王,諸眾生的雜染沒有因(hetu)、沒有緣(paccaya),諸眾生無因無緣而雜染;諸眾生的清淨沒有因、沒有緣,諸眾生無因無緣而清淨。沒有自作,沒有他作,沒有人的作為;沒有力,沒有精進,沒有人的力量,沒有人的努力。一切眾生、一切生命、一切生物、一切命者(jīva)都無自主、無力、無精進,由命運(niyati)、際遇(saṅgati)與本性(bhāva)而轉變,在六生類(chaḷābhijāti)中感受苦樂。有一百四十萬零六千六百種為首之胎;五百種業、五種業、三種業,又有一業與半業;六十二種行道;六十二中劫(antarakappa);六生類;八人地;四千九百種活命外道(ājīvaka);四千九百種遊方者(paribbājaka);四千九百種龍的住處;二千根;三千地獄;三十六塵界;七種有想胎,七種無想胎,七種節胎;七種天,七種人,七種鬼(pisāca);七個湖;七種結節、七百種結節;七種懸崖、七百種懸崖;七種夢、七百種夢;八百四十萬大劫(mahākappa)——在這期間,愚者與智者奔走輪迴之後,才將作苦的終結。在其中並沒有:‘我將以此戒、禁誓、苦行或梵行,使未成熟的業成熟,或者一次次地觸受已成熟的業而使之滅盡。’——這樣的事是沒有的。苦與樂如以斗量定,輪迴已有定限;沒有減損與增長,沒有提升與下降。猶如線球被擲出時,只是解開著[線]滾去;同樣地,愚者與智者奔走輪迴之後,將作苦的終結。”

. ‘‘Evaṃ vutte, bhante, makkhali gosālo maṃ etadavoca – ‘natthi mahārāja hetu natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya, ahetū [ahetu (katthaci)] apaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā, ahetū apaccayā sattā visujjhanti. Natthi attakāre, natthi parakāre, natthi purisakāre, natthi balaṃ, natthi vīriyaṃ, natthi purisathāmo, natthi purisaparakkamo. Sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṅgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ [sukhañca dukkhañca (syā.)] paṭisaṃvedenti. Cuddasa kho panimāni yonipamukhasatasahassāni saṭṭhi ca satāni cha ca satāni pañca ca kammuno satāni pañca ca kammāni tīṇi ca kammāni kamme ca aḍḍhakamme ca dvaṭṭhipaṭipadā dvaṭṭhantarakappā chaḷābhijātiyo aṭṭha purisabhūmiyo ekūnapaññāsa ājīvakasate ekūnapaññāsa paribbājakasate ekūnapaññāsa nāgāvāsasate vīse indriyasate tiṃse nirayasate chattiṃsa rajodhātuyo satta saññīgabbhā satta asaññīgabbhā satta nigaṇṭhigabbhā satta devā satta mānusā satta pisācā satta sarā satta pavuṭā [sapuṭā (ka.), pabuṭā (sī.)] satta pavuṭasatāni satta papātā satta papātasatāni satta supinā satta supinasatāni cullāsīti mahākappino [mahākappuno (ka. sī. pī.)] satasahassāni, yāni bāle ca paṇḍite ca sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karissanti. Tattha natthi ‘‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā aparipakkaṃ vā kammaṃ paripācessāmi, paripakkaṃ vā kammaṃ phussa phussa byantiṃ karissāmī’ti hevaṃ natthi. Doṇamite sukhadukkhe pariyantakate saṃsāre, natthi hāyanavaḍḍhane, natthi ukkaṃsāvakaṃse. Seyyathāpi nāma suttaguḷe khitte nibbeṭhiyamānameva paleti, evameva bāle ca paṇḍite ca sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karissantī’ti.
169PTS 1.55已對照

尊者,末伽梨·拘舍梨被我問到現見的沙門果時,就這樣回答了以輪迴而清淨(saṃsārasuddhi)。尊者,猶如被問到芒果卻回答麵包果,被問到麵包果卻回答芒果;同樣地,尊者,末伽梨·拘舍梨被我問到現見的沙門果時,卻回答了以輪迴而清淨。尊者,我這樣想:“像我這樣的人,怎麼能想去貶斥住在國土中的沙門或婆羅門呢?”於是,尊者,我對末伽梨·拘舍梨所說的話既不歡喜,也不呵斥;既不歡喜也不呵斥,雖心懷不悅,卻不發出不悅之語,不領受、不駁斥其言,便從座位起身離開了。

. ‘‘Itthaṃ kho me, bhante, makkhali gosālo sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno saṃsārasuddhiṃ byākāsi. Seyyathāpi, bhante, ambaṃ vā puṭṭho labujaṃ byākareyya, labujaṃ vā puṭṭho ambaṃ byākareyya; evameva kho me, bhante, makkhali gosālo sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno saṃsārasuddhiṃ byākāsi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘kathañhi nāma mādiso samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā vijite vasantaṃ apasādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, makkhalissa gosālassa bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃ nappaṭikkosiṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā anattamano, anattamanavācaṃ anicchāretvā, tameva vācaṃ anuggaṇhanto anikkujjanto uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ.

阿耆多·翅舍欽婆羅(AjitaKesakambala)之說Ajitakesakambalavādo

170已對照

尊者,有一次,我前往阿耆多·翅舍欽婆羅那裡;到了之後,與阿耆多·翅舍欽婆羅互相問候;交換了友好、可唸的問候話語之後,坐在一旁。坐在一旁時,尊者,我對阿耆多·翅舍欽婆羅這樣說:“阿耆多賢者,正如這些眾多的技能行業,即:騎象者、騎馬者、車兵、弓箭手、旗手、軍務官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突擊兵、大象般的戰士、勇士、皮甲戰士、婢女之子、點心師、理髮師、助浴師、廚師、花鬘師、洗衣師、織工、編葦匠、陶工、算術師、指算師,以及其他諸如此類的眾多技能行業——他們就在現法中依靠現見的技能之果生活;他們以此使自己快樂、滿足,使父母快樂、滿足,使妻兒快樂、滿足,使朋友同事快樂、滿足,在沙門、婆羅門處確立導向上界的供養——它是屬天的、有樂報的、導致生天的。阿耆多賢者,是否也能同樣地施設就在現法中現見的沙門果呢?”

. ‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ yena ajito kesakambalo tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā ajitena kesakambalena saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ahaṃ, bhante, ajitaṃ kesakambalaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā nu kho imāni, bho ajita, puthusippāyatanāni…pe… sakkā nu kho, bho ajita, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’nti?
171緬 1.52已對照

尊者,這樣說時,阿耆多·翅舍欽婆羅對我這樣說:“大王,沒有布施,沒有供養(yiṭṭha),沒有祭祀(huta);沒有善作、惡作之業的果與異熟(vipāka);沒有此世,沒有他世;沒有母,沒有父;沒有化生的眾生(opapātika);世間沒有正行的、正行道的沙門、婆羅門,自己以通智證知此世與他世之後加以宣說。這個人是四大(cātumahābhūta)所成,死時,地歸入、還入地身,水歸入、還入水身,火歸入、還入火身,風歸入、還入風身,諸根轉入虛空。人們以屍床為第五,抬著死者而去;足跡顯現直到火葬場;骨頭變成鴿色;祭品終歸灰燼。布施是愚人的施設;凡說‘有’論(atthikavāda)者,他們的話都是空虛、虛妄的戲論。愚者與智者身壞之後,斷滅、消亡,死後不存在。”

. ‘‘Evaṃ vutte, bhante, ajito kesakambalo maṃ etadavoca – ‘natthi, mahārāja, dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ, natthi hutaṃ, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, natthi ayaṃ loko [paraloko (syā.)], natthi paro loko, natthi mātā, natthi pitā, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā [samaggatā (ka.), samaggatā (syā.)] sammāpaṭipannā, ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedenti. Cātumahābhūtiko ayaṃ puriso, yadā kālaṅkaroti, pathavī pathavikāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, āpo āpokāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, tejo tejokāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, vāyo vāyokāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, ākāsaṃ indriyāni saṅkamanti. Āsandipañcamā purisā mataṃ ādāya gacchanti. Yāvāḷāhanā padāni paññāyanti. Kāpotakāni aṭṭhīni bhavanti, bhassantā āhutiyo. Dattupaññattaṃ yadidaṃ dānaṃ. Tesaṃ tucchaṃ musā vilāpo ye keci atthikavādaṃ vadanti. Bāle ca paṇḍite ca kāyassa bhedā ucchijjanti vinassanti, na honti paraṃ maraṇā’ti.
172PTS 1.56已對照

尊者,阿耆多·翅舍欽婆羅被我問到現見的沙門果時,就這樣回答了斷滅(uccheda)。尊者,猶如被問到芒果卻回答麵包果,被問到麵包果卻回答芒果;同樣地,尊者,阿耆多·翅舍欽婆羅被我問到現見的沙門果時,卻回答了斷滅。尊者,我這樣想:“像我這樣的人,怎麼能想去貶斥住在國土中的沙門或婆羅門呢?”於是,尊者,我對阿耆多·翅舍欽婆羅所說的話既不歡喜,也不呵斥;既不歡喜也不呵斥,雖心懷不悅,卻不發出不悅之語,不領受、不駁斥其言,便從座位起身離開了。

. ‘‘Itthaṃ kho me, bhante, ajito kesakambalo sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno ucchedaṃ byākāsi. Seyyathāpi, bhante, ambaṃ vā puṭṭho labujaṃ byākareyya, labujaṃ vā puṭṭho ambaṃ byākareyya; evameva kho me, bhante, ajito kesakambalo sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno ucchedaṃ byākāsi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘kathañhi nāma mādiso samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā vijite vasantaṃ apasādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, ajitassa kesakambalassa bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃ nappaṭikkosiṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā anattamano anattamanavācaṃ anicchāretvā tameva vācaṃ anuggaṇhanto anikkujjanto uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ.

婆浮陀·迦旃延(PakudhaKaccāyana)之說Pakudhakaccāyanavādo

173已對照

尊者,有一次,我前往婆浮陀·迦旃延那裡;到了之後,與婆浮陀·迦旃延互相問候;交換了友好、可唸的問候話語之後,坐在一旁。坐在一旁時,尊者,我對婆浮陀·迦旃延這樣說:“迦旃延賢者,正如這些眾多的技能行業,即:騎象者、騎馬者、車兵、弓箭手、旗手、軍務官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突擊兵、大象般的戰士、勇士、皮甲戰士、婢女之子、點心師、理髮師、助浴師、廚師、花鬘師、洗衣師、織工、編葦匠、陶工、算術師、指算師,以及其他諸如此類的眾多技能行業——他們就在現法中依靠現見的技能之果生活;他們以此使自己快樂、滿足,使父母快樂、滿足,使妻兒快樂、滿足,使朋友同事快樂、滿足,在沙門、婆羅門處確立導向上界的供養——它是屬天的、有樂報的、導致生天的。迦旃延賢者,是否也能同樣地施設就在現法中現見的沙門果呢?”

. ‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ yena pakudho kaccāyano tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā pakudhena kaccāyanena saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ahaṃ, bhante, pakudhaṃ kaccāyanaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā nu kho imāni, bho kaccāyana, puthusippāyatanāni…pe… sakkā nu kho, bho kaccāyana, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’nti?
174緬 1.53已對照

尊者,這樣說時,婆浮陀·迦旃延對我這樣說:“大王,有這七身(sattakāyā):非被作、非被作的種類,非被化作、亦無化作者,不生[果]、如山頂般常住、如石柱般穩立。它們不動搖,不變易,不互相侵害,不能給彼此[帶來]樂、苦或樂與苦。哪七種呢?地身、水身、火身、風身、樂、苦,命(jīva)為第七——這七身非被作、非被作的種類,非被化作、亦無化作者,不生[果]、如山頂般常住、如石柱般穩立。它們不動搖,不變易,不互相侵害,不能給彼此[帶來]樂、苦或樂與苦。在其中沒有殺者或令殺者,沒有聞者或令聞者,沒有識者或令識者。即使有人用鋒利的刀砍斷頭顱,也沒有任何人奪去任何人的生命,只是刀從七身之間的空隙穿入而已。”

. ‘‘Evaṃ vutte, bhante, pakudho kaccāyano maṃ etadavoca – ‘sattime, mahārāja, kāyā akaṭā akaṭavidhā animmitā animmātā vañjhā kūṭaṭṭhā esikaṭṭhāyiṭṭhitā. Te na iñjanti, na vipariṇamanti, na aññamaññaṃ byābādhenti, nālaṃ aññamaññassa sukhāya vā dukkhāya vā sukhadukkhāya vā. Katame satta? Pathavikāyo, āpokāyo, tejokāyo, vāyokāyo, sukhe, dukkhe, jīve sattame – ime satta kāyā akaṭā akaṭavidhā animmitā animmātā vañjhā kūṭaṭṭhā esikaṭṭhāyiṭṭhitā. Te na iñjanti, na vipariṇamanti, na aññamaññaṃ byābādhenti, nālaṃ aññamaññassa sukhāya vā dukkhāya vā sukhadukkhāya vā. Tattha natthi hantā vā ghātetā vā, sotā vā sāvetā vā, viññātā vā viññāpetā vā. Yopi tiṇhena satthena sīsaṃ chindati, na koci kiñci [kañci (kaṃ.)] jīvitā voropeti; sattannaṃ tveva [sattannaṃ yeva (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] kāyānamantarena satthaṃ vivaramanupatatī’ti.
175PTS 1.57已對照

尊者,婆浮陀·迦旃延被我問到現見的沙門果時,就這樣答非所問(aññenaaññaṃ,直譯“以異答異”)。尊者,猶如被問到芒果卻回答麵包果,被問到麵包果卻回答芒果;同樣地,尊者,婆浮陀·迦旃延被我問到現見的沙門果時,卻答非所問。尊者,我這樣想:“像我這樣的人,怎麼能想去貶斥住在國土中的沙門或婆羅門呢?”於是,尊者,我對婆浮陀·迦旃延所說的話既不歡喜,也不呵斥;既不歡喜也不呵斥,雖心懷不悅,卻不發出不悅之語,不領受、不駁斥其言,便從座位起身離開了。

. ‘‘Itthaṃ kho me, bhante, pakudho kaccāyano sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno aññena aññaṃ byākāsi. Seyyathāpi, bhante, ambaṃ vā puṭṭho labujaṃ byākareyya, labujaṃ vā puṭṭho ambaṃ byākareyya; evameva kho me, bhante, pakudho kaccāyano sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno aññena aññaṃ byākāsi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘kathañhi nāma mādiso samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā vijite vasantaṃ apasādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, pakudhassa kaccāyanassa bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃ nappaṭikkosiṃ, anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā anattamano, anattamanavācaṃ anicchāretvā tameva vācaṃ anuggaṇhanto anikkujjanto uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ.

尼乾陀·若提子(NigaṇṭhaNāṭaputta)之說Nigaṇṭhanāṭaputtavādo

176已對照

尊者,有一次,我前往尼乾陀·若提子那裡;到了之後,與尼乾陀·若提子互相問候;交換了友好、可唸的問候話語之後,坐在一旁。坐在一旁時,尊者,我對尼乾陀·若提子這樣說:“火種(Aggivessana)賢者,正如這些眾多的技能行業,即:騎象者、騎馬者、車兵、弓箭手、旗手、軍務官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突擊兵、大象般的戰士、勇士、皮甲戰士、婢女之子、點心師、理髮師、助浴師、廚師、花鬘師、洗衣師、織工、編葦匠、陶工、算術師、指算師,以及其他諸如此類的眾多技能行業——他們就在現法中依靠現見的技能之果生活;他們以此使自己快樂、滿足,使父母快樂、滿足,使妻兒快樂、滿足,使朋友同事快樂、滿足,在沙門、婆羅門處確立導向上界的供養——它是屬天的、有樂報的、導致生天的。火種賢者,是否也能同樣地施設就在現法中現見的沙門果呢?”

. ‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhena nāṭaputtena saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ahaṃ, bhante, nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā nu kho imāni, bho aggivessana, puthusippāyatanāni…pe… sakkā nu kho, bho aggivessana, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’nti?
177緬 1.54已對照

尊者,這樣說時,尼乾陀·若提子對我這樣說:“大王,在此,尼乾陀以四禁戒律儀(cātuyāmasaṃvara)而防護。大王,尼乾陀如何以四禁戒律儀而防護呢?大王,在此,尼乾陀受一切水的禁制,致力於一切禁制,以一切禁制抖落[惡],為一切禁制所遍及。大王,尼乾陀就是這樣以四禁戒律儀而防護。大王,由於尼乾陀這樣以四禁戒律儀而防護,大王,這就稱為尼乾陀自我已達、自我已調御、自我已住立。”

. ‘‘Evaṃ vutte, bhante, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto maṃ etadavoca – ‘idha, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti. Kathañca, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti? Idha, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho sabbavārivārito ca hoti, sabbavāriyutto ca, sabbavāridhuto ca, sabbavāriphuṭo ca. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti. Yato kho, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho evaṃ cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti; ayaṃ vuccati, mahārāja, nigaṇṭho [nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto (syā. ka.)] gatatto ca yatatto ca ṭhitatto cā’ti.
178PTS 1.58已對照

尊者,尼乾陀·若提子被我問到現見的沙門果時,就這樣回答了四禁戒律儀。尊者,猶如被問到芒果卻回答麵包果,被問到麵包果卻回答芒果;同樣地,尊者,尼乾陀·若提子被我問到現見的沙門果時,卻回答了四禁戒律儀。尊者,我這樣想:“像我這樣的人,怎麼能想去貶斥住在國土中的沙門或婆羅門呢?”於是,尊者,我對尼乾陀·若提子所說的話既不歡喜,也不呵斥;既不歡喜也不呵斥,雖心懷不悅,卻不發出不悅之語,不領受、不駁斥其言,便從座位起身離開了。

. ‘‘Itthaṃ kho me, bhante, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno cātuyāmasaṃvaraṃ byākāsi. Seyyathāpi, bhante, ambaṃ vā puṭṭho labujaṃ byākareyya, labujaṃ vā puṭṭho ambaṃ byākareyya; evameva kho me, bhante, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno cātuyāmasaṃvaraṃ byākāsi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘kathañhi nāma mādiso samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā vijite vasantaṃ apasādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃ nappaṭikkosiṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā anattamano anattamanavācaṃ anicchāretvā tameva vācaṃ anuggaṇhanto anikkujjanto uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ.

刪闍耶·毘羅胝子(SañcayaBelaṭṭhaputta)之說Sañcayabelaṭṭhaputtavādo

179已對照

尊者,有一次,我前往刪闍耶·毘羅胝子那裡;到了之後,與刪闍耶·毘羅胝子互相問候;交換了友好、可唸的問候話語之後,坐在一旁。坐在一旁時,尊者,我對刪闍耶·毘羅胝子這樣說:“刪闍耶賢者,正如這些眾多的技能行業,即:騎象者、騎馬者、車兵、弓箭手、旗手、軍務官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突擊兵、大象般的戰士、勇士、皮甲戰士、婢女之子、點心師、理髮師、助浴師、廚師、花鬘師、洗衣師、織工、編葦匠、陶工、算術師、指算師,以及其他諸如此類的眾多技能行業——他們就在現法中依靠現見的技能之果生活;他們以此使自己快樂、滿足,使父母快樂、滿足,使妻兒快樂、滿足,使朋友同事快樂、滿足,在沙門、婆羅門處確立導向上界的供養——它是屬天的、有樂報的、導致生天的。刪闍耶賢者,是否也能同樣地施設就在現法中現見的沙門果呢?”

. ‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ yena sañcayo belaṭṭhaputto tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā sañcayena belaṭṭhaputtena saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ahaṃ bhante, sañcayaṃ belaṭṭhaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā nu kho imāni, bho sañcaya, puthusippāyatanāni…pe… sakkā nu kho, bho sañcaya, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’nti?
180PTS 1.59緬 1.55已對照

尊者,這樣說時,刪闍耶·毘羅胝子對我這樣說:“若你這樣問我:‘有他世嗎?’假如我認為‘有他世’,我就會向你回答‘有他世’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。若你這樣問我:‘無他世嗎?’假如我認為‘無他世’,我就會向你回答‘無他世’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。若你這樣問我:‘他世既有又無嗎?’假如我認為‘他世既有又無’,我就會向你回答‘他世既有又無’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。若你這樣問我:‘他世既非有又非無嗎?’假如我認為‘他世既非有又非無’,我就會向你回答‘他世既非有又非無’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。若你這樣問我:‘有化生的眾生嗎?’假如我認為‘有化生的眾生’,我就會向你回答‘有化生的眾生’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。若你這樣問我:‘無化生的眾生嗎?’假如我認為‘無化生的眾生’,我就會向你回答‘無化生的眾生’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。若你這樣問我:‘化生的眾生既有又無嗎?’假如我認為‘化生的眾生既有又無’,我就會向你回答‘化生的眾生既有又無’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。若你這樣問我:‘化生的眾生既非有又非無嗎?’假如我認為‘化生的眾生既非有又非無’,我就會向你回答‘化生的眾生既非有又非無’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。若你這樣問我:‘有善作、惡作之業的果與異熟嗎?’假如我認為‘有善作、惡作之業的果與異熟’,我就會向你回答‘有善作、惡作之業的果與異熟’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。若你這樣問我:‘無善作、惡作之業的果與異熟嗎?’假如我認為‘無善作、惡作之業的果與異熟’,我就會向你回答‘無善作、惡作之業的果與異熟’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。若你這樣問我:‘善作、惡作之業的果與異熟既有又無嗎?’假如我認為‘善作、惡作之業的果與異熟既有又無’,我就會向你回答‘善作、惡作之業的果與異熟既有又無’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。若你這樣問我:‘善作、惡作之業的果與異熟既非有又非無嗎?’假如我認為‘善作、惡作之業的果與異熟既非有又非無’,我就會向你回答‘善作、惡作之業的果與異熟既非有又非無’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。若你這樣問我:‘如來(tathāgata)死後存在嗎?’假如我認為‘如來死後存在’,我就會向你回答‘如來死後存在’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。若你這樣問我:‘如來死後不存在嗎?’假如我認為‘如來死後不存在’,我就會向你回答‘如來死後不存在’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。若你這樣問我:‘如來死後既存在又不存在嗎?’假如我認為‘如來死後既存在又不存在’,我就會向你回答‘如來死後既存在又不存在’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。若你這樣問我:‘如來死後既非存在又非不存在嗎?’假如我認為‘如來死後既非存在又非不存在’,我就會向你回答‘如來死後既非存在又非不存在’。但我不認為‘是這樣’,也不認為‘是如此’,也不認為‘是別樣’,也不認為‘不是’,也不認為‘並非不是’。”

. ‘‘Evaṃ vutte, bhante, sañcayo belaṭṭhaputto maṃ etadavoca – ‘atthi paro lokoti iti ce maṃ pucchasi, atthi paro lokoti iti ce me assa, atthi paro lokoti iti te naṃ byākareyyaṃ. Evantipi me no, tathātipi me no, aññathātipi me no, notipi me no, no notipi me no. Natthi paro loko…pe… atthi ca natthi ca paro loko…pe… nevatthi na natthi paro loko…pe… atthi sattā opapātikā…pe… natthi sattā opapātikā…pe… atthi ca natthi ca sattā opapātikā…pe… nevatthi na natthi sattā opapātikā…pe… atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko…pe… natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko…pe…atthi ca natthi ca sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko…pe… nevatthi na natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko…pe… hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā…pe… na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā…pe… hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā…pe… neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇāti iti ce maṃ pucchasi, neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇāti iti ce me assa, neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇāti iti te naṃ byākareyyaṃ. Evantipi me no, tathātipi me no, aññathātipi me no, notipi me no, no notipi me no’ti.
181已對照

尊者,刪闍耶·毘羅胝子被我問到現見的沙門果時,就這樣回答了矯亂(vikkhepa)。尊者,猶如被問到芒果卻回答麵包果,被問到麵包果卻回答芒果;同樣地,尊者,刪闍耶·毘羅胝子被我問到現見的沙門果時,卻回答了矯亂。尊者,我這樣想:“在這些沙門、婆羅門當中,這一位是最愚痴、最迷妄的。被問到現見的沙門果時,怎麼會回答矯亂呢?”尊者,我這樣想:“像我這樣的人,怎麼能想去貶斥住在國土中的沙門或婆羅門呢?”於是,尊者,我對刪闍耶·毘羅胝子所說的話既不歡喜,也不呵斥;既不歡喜也不呵斥,雖心懷不悅,卻不發出不悅之語,不領受、不駁斥其言,便從座位起身離開了。

. ‘‘Itthaṃ kho me, bhante, sañcayo belaṭṭhaputto sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno vikkhepaṃ byākāsi. Seyyathāpi, bhante, ambaṃ vā puṭṭho labujaṃ byākareyya, labujaṃ vā puṭṭho ambaṃ byākareyya; evameva kho me, bhante, sañcayo belaṭṭhaputto sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno vikkhepaṃ byākāsi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘ayañca imesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ sabbabālo sabbamūḷho. Kathañhi nāma sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ puṭṭho samāno vikkhepaṃ byākarissatī’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘kathañhi nāma mādiso samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā vijite vasantaṃ apasādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’ti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante, sañcayassa belaṭṭhaputtassa bhāsitaṃ neva abhinandiṃ nappaṭikkosiṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā anattamano anattamanavācaṃ anicchāretvā tameva vācaṃ anuggaṇhanto anikkujjanto uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ.

第一現見的沙門果Paṭhamasandiṭṭhikasāmaññaphalaṃ

182PTS 1.60緬 1.56已對照

“尊者(bhante),我也這樣問世尊(Bhagavā):‘尊者,正如這些眾多的技能行業,即:騎象者、騎馬者、車兵、弓箭手、旗手、軍務官、伙食兵、勇猛的王子、突擊兵、大象般的戰士、勇士、皮甲戰士、婢女之子、點心師、理髮師、助浴師、廚師、花鬘師、洗衣師、織工、編葦匠、陶工、算術師、指算師,以及其他諸如此類的眾多技能行業——他們就在現法中依靠現見的技能之果生活;他們以此使自己快樂、滿足,使父母快樂、滿足,使妻兒快樂、滿足,使朋友同事快樂、滿足,在沙門、婆羅門處確立導向上界的供養——它是屬天的、有樂報的、導致生天的。尊者,是否也能同樣地為我施設就在現法中現見的沙門果呢?’”

. ‘‘Sohaṃ, bhante, bhagavantampi pucchāmi – ‘yathā nu kho imāni, bhante, puthusippāyatanāni seyyathidaṃ – hatthārohā assārohā rathikā dhanuggahā celakā calakā piṇḍadāyakā uggā rājaputtā pakkhandino mahānāgā sūrā cammayodhino dāsikaputtā āḷārikā kappakā nhāpakā sūdā mālākārā rajakā pesakārā naḷakārā kumbhakārā gaṇakā muddikā, yāni vā panaññānipi evaṃgatāni puthusippāyatanāni, te diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sippaphalaṃ upajīvanti, te tena attānaṃ sukhenti pīṇenti, mātāpitaro sukhenti pīṇenti, puttadāraṃ sukhenti pīṇenti, mittāmacce sukhenti pīṇenti, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu uddhaggikaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhapenti sovaggikaṃ sukhavipākaṃ saggasaṃvattanikaṃ. Sakkā nu kho me, bhante, evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’nti?
183緬 1.57已對照

“大王,能夠。那麼,大王,我就此反問你,你認為怎樣合適,就怎樣回答。大王,你認為如何:假如你有一個人,是奴僕、傭工,先起後臥,唯命是從,行為稱心,言語可愛,察言觀色。他這樣想:‘真是稀有啊,朋友!真是未曾有啊,朋友!福德的趣向,福德的果報!這位摩揭陀(Māgadha)國韋提希子(Vedehiputta)阿闍世(Ajātasattu)王是人,我也是人。這位摩揭陀國韋提希子阿闍世王具足、擁有五欲功德(kāmaguṇa)而享樂著,我想他就如天神(deva)一般;而我卻是他的奴僕、傭工,先起後臥,唯命是從,行為稱心,言語可愛,察言觀色。我確實應當作福德。我何不剃除鬚髮,披上袈裟(kāsāya)衣,舍離俗家而出家,成為無家者呢?’後來某個時候,他剃除鬚髮,披上袈裟衣,舍離俗家而出家,成為無家者。他如此出家後,以身防護而住,以語防護而住,以意防護而住,僅以食物和衣著為滿足,樂於遠離獨處。假如你的人們向你報告:‘陛下,願您知道:您的那個人,那個奴僕、傭工,先起後臥,唯命是從,行為稱心,言語可愛,察言觀色;陛下,他已剃除鬚髮,披上袈裟衣,舍離俗家而出家,成為無家者。他如此出家後,以身防護而住,以語防護而住,以意防護而住,僅以食物和衣著為滿足,樂於遠離獨處。’你是否會這樣說:‘喂,讓那個人回到我這裡來,再作奴僕、傭工,先起後臥,唯命是從,行為稱心,言語可愛,察言觀色吧!’?”

. ‘‘Sakkā, mahārāja. Tena hi, mahārāja, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi. Yathā te khameyya, tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, mahārāja, idha te assa puriso dāso kammakāro [kammakaro (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] pubbuṭṭhāyī pacchānipātī kiṅkārapaṭissāvī manāpacārī piyavādī mukhullokako [mukhullokiko (syā. kaṃ. ka.)]. Tassa evamassa – ‘acchariyaṃ, vata bho, abbhutaṃ, vata bho, puññānaṃ gati, puññānaṃ vipāko. Ayañhi rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto manusso; ahampi manusso. Ayañhi rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāreti, devo maññe. Ahaṃ panamhissa dāso kammakāro pubbuṭṭhāyī pacchānipātī kiṅkārapaṭissāvī manāpacārī piyavādī mukhullokako. So vatassāhaṃ puññāni kareyyaṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya’nti. So aparena samayena kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno kāyena saṃvuto vihareyya, vācāya saṃvuto vihareyya, manasā saṃvuto vihareyya, ghāsacchādanaparamatāya santuṭṭho, abhirato paviveke. Taṃ ce te purisā evamāroceyyuṃ – ‘yagghe deva jāneyyāsi, yo te so puriso [yo te puriso (sī. ka.)] dāso kammakāro pubbuṭṭhāyī pacchānipātī kiṅkārapaṭissāvī manāpacārī piyavādī mukhullokako; so, deva, kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno kāyena saṃvuto viharati, vācāya saṃvuto viharati, manasā saṃvuto viharati, ghāsacchādanaparamatāya santuṭṭho, abhirato paviveke’ti. Api nu tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – ‘etu me, bho, so puriso, punadeva hotu dāso kammakāro pubbuṭṭhāyī pacchānipātī kiṅkārapaṭissāvī manāpacārī piyavādī mukhullokako’ti?
184PTS 1.61已對照

“尊者,不會這樣。我們反而會禮敬他,起身迎接他,以座位邀請他,邀請他接受衣(cīvara)、施食(piṇḍapāta)、坐臥處(senāsana)和病者所需的醫藥資具,併為他安排如法的保護、障護與守衛。”

. ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante. Atha kho naṃ mayameva abhivādeyyāmapi, paccuṭṭheyyāmapi, āsanenapi nimanteyyāma, abhinimanteyyāmapi naṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi, dhammikampissa rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidaheyyāmā’’ti.
185已對照

“大王,你認為如何?若是這樣,是否有現見的沙門果呢?”“尊者,若是這樣,確實有現見的沙門果。”“大王,這就是我為你指出的第一種在當生中現見的沙門果。”

. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, mahārāja, yadi evaṃ sante hoti vā sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ no vā’’ti? ‘‘Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante hoti sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphala’’nti. ‘‘Idaṃ kho te, mahārāja, mayā paṭhamaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññatta’’nti.

第二現見的沙門果Dutiyasandiṭṭhikasāmaññaphalaṃ

186已對照

“尊者,能否同樣地指出另一種在當生中現見的沙門果呢?”“大王,能夠。那麼,大王,我就此反問你,你認為怎樣合適,就怎樣回答。大王,你認為如何:假如你有一個人,是農夫、家主、納稅者、使谷堆增長者。他這樣想:‘真是稀有啊,朋友!真是未曾有啊,朋友!福德的趣向,福德的果報!這位摩揭陀國韋提希子阿闍世王是人,我也是人。這位摩揭陀國韋提希子阿闍世王具足、擁有五欲功德而享樂著,我想他就如天神一般;而我卻是他的農夫、家主、納稅者、使谷堆增長者。我確實應當作福德。我何不剃除鬚髮,披上袈裟衣,舍離俗家而出家,成為無家者呢?’”

. ‘‘Sakkā pana, bhante, aññampi evameva diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetu’’nti? ‘‘Sakkā, mahārāja. Tena hi, mahārāja, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi. Yathā te khameyya, tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, mahārāja, idha te assa puriso kassako gahapatiko karakārako rāsivaḍḍhako. Tassa evamassa – ‘acchariyaṃ vata bho, abbhutaṃ vata bho, puññānaṃ gati, puññānaṃ vipāko. Ayañhi rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto manusso, ahampi manusso. Ayañhi rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāreti, devo maññe. Ahaṃ panamhissa kassako gahapatiko karakārako rāsivaḍḍhako. So vatassāhaṃ puññāni kareyyaṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya’nti.
PTS 1.62緬 1.58已對照

“後來某個時候,他捨棄少量財產或捨棄大量財產,捨棄少數親眷或捨棄眾多親眷,剃除鬚髮,披上袈裟衣,舍離俗家而出家,成為無家者。他如此出家後,以身防護而住,以語防護而住,以意防護而住,僅以食物和衣著為滿足,樂於遠離獨處。假如你的人們向你報告:‘陛下,願您知道:您的那個人,那個農夫、家主、納稅者、使谷堆增長者;陛下,他已剃除鬚髮,披上袈裟衣,舍離俗家而出家,成為無家者。他如此出家後,以身防護而住,以語防護而住,以意防護而住,僅以食物和衣著為滿足,樂於遠離獨處。’你是否會這樣說:‘喂,讓那個人回到我這裡來,再作農夫、家主、納稅者、使谷堆增長者吧!’?”

‘‘So aparena samayena appaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya mahantaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya, appaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya mahantaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno kāyena saṃvuto vihareyya, vācāya saṃvuto vihareyya, manasā saṃvuto vihareyya, ghāsacchādanaparamatāya santuṭṭho, abhirato paviveke. Taṃ ce te purisā evamāroceyyuṃ – ‘yagghe, deva jāneyyāsi, yo te so puriso [yo te puriso (sī.)] kassako gahapatiko karakārako rāsivaḍḍhako; so deva kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno kāyena saṃvuto viharati, vācāya saṃvuto viharati, manasā saṃvuto viharati, ghāsacchādanaparamatāya santuṭṭho, abhirato paviveke’’ti. Api nu tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – ‘etu me, bho, so puriso, punadeva hotu kassako gahapatiko karakārako rāsivaḍḍhako’ti?
187已對照

“尊者,不會這樣。我們反而會禮敬他,起身迎接他,以座位邀請他,邀請他接受衣、施食、坐臥處和病者所需的醫藥資具,併為他安排如法的保護、障護與守衛。”

. ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante. Atha kho naṃ mayameva abhivādeyyāmapi, paccuṭṭheyyāmapi, āsanenapi nimanteyyāma, abhinimanteyyāmapi naṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi, dhammikampissa rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidaheyyāmā’’ti.
188已對照

“大王,你認為如何?若是這樣,是否有現見的沙門果呢?”“尊者,若是這樣,確實有現見的沙門果。”“大王,這就是我為你指出的第二種在當生中現見的沙門果。”

. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, mahārāja? Yadi evaṃ sante hoti vā sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ no vā’’ti? ‘‘Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante hoti sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphala’’nti. ‘‘Idaṃ kho te, mahārāja, mayā dutiyaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññatta’’nti.

更殊勝的沙門果Paṇītatarasāmaññaphalaṃ

189已對照

“尊者,能否指出另一種在當生中現見的沙門果,比這些現見的沙門果更超越、更殊勝呢?”“大王,能夠。那麼,大王,你要諦聽,好好作意,我要說了。”“是的,尊者。”摩揭陀國韋提希子阿闍世王回答世尊。

. ‘‘Sakkā pana, bhante, aññampi diṭṭheva dhamme sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ paññapetuṃ imehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañcā’’ti? ‘‘Sakkā, mahārāja. Tena hi, mahārāja, suṇohi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi, bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhagavato paccassosi.
190緬 1.59已對照

世尊這樣說:“大王,於此,如來(Tathāgata)出現於世間,是阿羅漢(arahaṃ)、正等正覺者(sammāsambuddho)、明行具足(vijjācaraṇasampanno)、善逝(sugato)、世間解(lokavidū)、無上者(anuttaro)、調御丈夫(purisadammasārathi)、天人導師(satthādevamanussānaṃ)、佛陀(buddho)、世尊(bhagavā)。他自己以證智證知這個有諸天、魔(māra)、梵天(brahma)的世間,以及有沙門、婆羅門、諸天與人的人眾之後,予以宣說。他教導初善、中善、後善的,具足義理與文句的法,顯示完全圓滿、遍淨的梵行(brahmacariya)。”

. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘idha, mahārāja, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti.
191PTS 1.63已對照

居士(gahapati)、居士之子,或出生於其他某個家族者聽聞那法。他聽聞那法之後,獲得對如來的信心。他具足如此獲得的信心,如是思察:“在家生活是狹窄的塵垢之道,出家則是空曠開闊的。住在家中,不容易行持完全圓滿、完全清淨、如磨光的螺貝般的梵行。我何不剃除鬚髮,披上袈裟衣,舍離俗家而出家,成為無家者呢?”

. ‘‘Taṃ dhammaṃ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṃ vā kule paccājāto. So taṃ dhammaṃ sutvā tathāgate saddhaṃ paṭilabhati. So tena saddhāpaṭilābhena samannāgato iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sambādho gharāvāso rajopatho, abbhokāso pabbajjā. Nayidaṃ sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ ekantaparisuddhaṃ saṅkhalikhitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya’nti.
192已對照

後來某個時候,他捨棄少量財產或捨棄大量財產,捨棄少數親眷或捨棄眾多親眷,剃除鬚髮,披上袈裟衣,舍離俗家而出家,成為無家者。

. ‘‘So aparena samayena appaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya mahantaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya appaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya mahantaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati.
193已對照

他如此出家後,以波羅提木叉(pātimokkha)律儀防護而住,具足正行與行處,於微細的罪過也見怖畏,受持學處(sikkhāpada)而學習,具足善的身業和語業,活命遍淨,具足戒,守護諸根之門,具足正念正知,知足。

. ‘‘So evaṃ pabbajito samāno pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu, kāyakammavacīkammena samannāgato kusalena, parisuddhājīvo sīlasampanno, indriyesu guttadvāro [guttadvāro, bhojane mattaññū (ka.)], satisampajaññena samannāgato, santuṭṭho.

小戒(Cūḷasīla)Cūḷasīlaṃ

194已對照

“大王(mahārāja),比丘(bhikkhu)如何具足戒(sīla)呢?大王,在此,比丘舍斷殺生(pāṇātipāta),遠離殺生,放下棍棒,放下刀劍,有慚愧,具同情心,懷著利益、悲憫一切眾生生命之心而住。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Kathañca, mahārāja, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hoti? Idha, mahārāja, bhikkhu pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti. Nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharati. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
緬 1.60已對照

“他舍斷不與取(adinnādāna),遠離不與取,只接受所施與的,只期望所施與的,以不偷盜而清淨的自己而住。這也是他的戒行之一。

‘‘Adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti dinnādāyī dinnapāṭikaṅkhī, athenena sucibhūtena attanā viharati. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
已對照

“他舍斷非梵行(abrahmacariya),成為梵行(brahmacariya)者,遠離而行,戒絕淫慾的粗俗之法。這也是他的戒行之一。

‘‘Abrahmacariyaṃ pahāya brahmacārī hoti ārācārī virato methunā gāmadhammā. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
已對照

“他舍斷虛妄語(musāvāda),遠離虛妄語,說真實語,堅持真實,堅定可靠,不欺騙世間。這也是他的戒行之一。

‘‘Musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭivirato hoti saccavādī saccasandho theto paccayiko avisaṃvādako lokassa. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
PTS 1.64已對照

“他舍斷離間語(pisuṇāvācā),遠離離間語:從這裡聽到之後,不到那裡去說,以免離間這些人;從那裡聽到之後,不對這些人說,以免離間那些人。這樣,他調解分裂者,促進和合者,樂於和合,喜歡和合,欣喜和合,說能促成和合的話。這也是他的戒行之一。

‘‘Pisuṇaṃ vācaṃ pahāya pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti; ito sutvā na amutra akkhātā imesaṃ bhedāya; amutra vā sutvā na imesaṃ akkhātā, amūsaṃ bhedāya. Iti bhinnānaṃ vā sandhātā, sahitānaṃ vā anuppadātā, samaggārāmo samaggarato samagganandī samaggakaraṇiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
已對照

“他舍斷粗惡語(pharusāvācā),遠離粗惡語。凡是柔和的、悅耳的、可愛的、感人心的、文雅的、眾人喜歡的、眾人合意的言語,他就說這樣的話。這也是他的戒行之一。

‘‘Pharusaṃ vācaṃ pahāya pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti; yā sā vācā nelā kaṇṇasukhā pemanīyā hadayaṅgamā porī bahujanakantā bahujanamanāpā tathārūpiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
已對照

“他舍斷雜穢語(samphappalāpa),遠離雜穢語:適時而說,真實而說,有義而說,說法而說,說律而說;在適當的時候,說有價值的、有根據的、有節制的、具有義利的話。這也是他的戒行之一。

‘‘Samphappalāpaṃ pahāya samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti kālavādī bhūtavādī atthavādī dhammavādī vinayavādī, nidhānavatiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti kālena sāpadesaṃ pariyantavatiṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
緬 1.61已對照

“他遠離損害種子類和植物類(bījagāma-bhūtagāma)……乃至……一天只吃一餐,戒絕夜食,遠離非時食。遠離觀看跳舞、唱歌、音樂、表演(visūkadassana)。遠離佩戴花鬘、芳香、塗香、裝飾、莊嚴之事。遠離高床、大床(uccāsayana-mahāsayana)。遠離接受金銀。遠離接受生谷。遠離接受生肉。遠離接受婦女、少女。遠離接受男奴、女奴。遠離接受山羊、綿羊。遠離接受雞、豬。遠離接受象、牛、馬、騍馬。遠離接受田地、宅地。遠離從事傳信、遣使(dūteyya-pahiṇagamana)。遠離買賣。遠離欺秤、偽幣、欺量。遠離賄賂、欺瞞、詐偽等不正手段。遠離砍伐、殺戮、捆綁、攔路搶劫、掠奪、暴力。這也是他的戒行之一。

‘‘Bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā paṭivirato hoti…pe… ekabhattiko hoti rattūparato virato vikālabhojanā. Naccagītavāditavisūkadassanā paṭivirato hoti. Mālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato hoti. Jātarūparajatapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Āmakadhaññapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Āmakamaṃsapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Itthikumārikapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Dāsidāsapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Ajeḷakapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Kukkuṭasūkarapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Hatthigavassavaḷavapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Khettavatthupaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. Dūteyyapahiṇagamanānuyogā paṭivirato hoti. Kayavikkayā paṭivirato hoti. Tulākūṭakaṃsakūṭamānakūṭā paṭivirato hoti. Ukkoṭanavañcananikatisāciyogā paṭivirato hoti. Chedanavadhabandhanaviparāmosaālopasahasākārā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
已對照

小戒結束。

Cūḷasīlaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.

中戒(Majjhimasīla)Majjhimasīlaṃ

195PTS 1.65已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門(samaṇa)、婆羅門(brāhmaṇa),食用信施的食物後,仍然從事這樣的損害種子類和植物類。這就是:根生的種子、莖生的種子、節生的種子、頂芽生的種子,以及第五種——種子生的種子。他遠離這樣的損害種子類和植物類。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – mūlabījaṃ khandhabījaṃ phaḷubījaṃ aggabījaṃ bījabījameva pañcamaṃ, iti evarūpā bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
196已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,仍然從事這樣的儲存受用(sannidhikāraparibhoga)。這就是:儲存食物、儲存飲料、儲存衣服、儲存車乘、儲存臥具、儲存香料、儲存財物。他遠離這樣的儲存受用。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ sannidhikāraparibhogaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – annasannidhiṃ pānasannidhiṃ vatthasannidhiṃ yānasannidhiṃ sayanasannidhiṃ gandhasannidhiṃ āmisasannidhiṃ, iti vā iti evarūpā sannidhikāraparibhogā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
197已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,仍然觀看這樣的表演。這就是:跳舞、唱歌、音樂、戲劇、說書、擊掌樂、鐃鈸樂、甕鼓樂、佈景戲、旃陀羅(caṇḍāla)鐵丸戲、竹竿戲、洗骨戲、鬥象、鬥馬、鬥水牛、鬥公牛、斗山羊、鬥綿羊、鬥雞、鬥鵪鶉、棍鬥、拳鬥、摔跤、演習、點兵、佈陣、閱兵。他遠離觀看這樣的表演。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ visūkadassanaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – naccaṃ gītaṃ vāditaṃ pekkhaṃ akkhānaṃ pāṇissaraṃ vetāḷaṃ kumbhathūṇaṃ sobhanakaṃ caṇḍālaṃ vaṃsaṃ dhovanaṃ hatthiyuddhaṃ assayuddhaṃ mahiṃsayuddhaṃ usabhayuddhaṃ ajayuddhaṃ meṇḍayuddhaṃ kukkuṭayuddhaṃ vaṭṭakayuddhaṃ daṇḍayuddhaṃ muṭṭhiyuddhaṃ nibbuddhaṃ uyyodhikaṃ balaggaṃ senābyūhaṃ anīkadassanaṃ iti vā iti evarūpā visūkadassanā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
198緬 1.62已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,仍然從事這樣的賭博放逸處(jūtappamādaṭṭhāna)。這就是:八格棋、十格棋、虛空棋、繞圈遊戲、拈取遊戲、擲骰板、擊短棒、蘸手印畫、玩球、吹葉笛、玩具犁、翻筋斗、玩棕葉風車、玩具量鬥、玩具車、玩具弓、猜字、猜心、模仿殘疾。他遠離這樣的賭博放逸處。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ jūtappamādaṭṭhānānuyogaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – aṭṭhapadaṃ dasapadaṃ ākāsaṃ parihārapathaṃ santikaṃ khalikaṃ ghaṭikaṃ salākahatthaṃ akkhaṃ paṅgacīraṃ vaṅkakaṃ mokkhacikaṃ ciṅgulikaṃ pattāḷhakaṃ rathakaṃ dhanukaṃ akkharikaṃ manesikaṃ yathāvajjaṃ iti vā iti evarūpā jūtappamādaṭṭhānānuyogā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
199PTS 1.66已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,仍然受用這樣的高床、大床。這就是:高腳椅、獸形腳臥床、長毛毯、彩色毛毯、白色毛毯、繡花毛毯、棉絮褥墊、繡像毛毯、雙面起毛毯、單面起毛毯、綴寶石的絲織敷具、絲綢敷具、可供舞女起舞的大羊毛毯、象背毯、馬背毯、車毯、羚羊皮編席、迦陀利鹿皮的殊勝敷具、帶華蓋的床、兩端有紅枕的床。他遠離這樣的高床、大床。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – āsandiṃ pallaṅkaṃ gonakaṃ cittakaṃ paṭikaṃ paṭalikaṃ tūlikaṃ vikatikaṃ uddalomiṃ ekantalomiṃ kaṭṭissaṃ koseyyaṃ kuttakaṃ hatthattharaṃ assattharaṃ rathattharaṃ ajinappaveṇiṃ kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇaṃ sauttaracchadaṃ ubhatolohitakūpadhānaṃ iti vā iti evarūpā uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
200已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,仍然從事這樣的裝飾、莊嚴之事。這就是:塗敷香粉、按摩、香湯沐浴、揉身、照鏡、塗眼膏、戴花鬘抹香塗脂、敷面粉、塗面膏、戴手環、束頂髻、持手杖、持藥筒、佩劍、持傘蓋、穿彩色鞋履、纏頭巾、戴摩尼(maṇi)寶珠、執拂塵、穿長穗的白衣。他遠離這樣的裝飾、莊嚴之事。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ maṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānānuyogaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – ucchādanaṃ parimaddanaṃ nhāpanaṃ sambāhanaṃ ādāsaṃ añjanaṃ mālāgandhavilepanaṃ mukhacuṇṇaṃ mukhalepanaṃ hatthabandhaṃ sikhābandhaṃ daṇḍaṃ nāḷikaṃ asiṃ [khaggaṃ (sī. pī.), asiṃ khaggaṃ (syā. kaṃ.), khaggaṃ asiṃ (ka.)] chattaṃ citrupāhanaṃ uṇhīsaṃ maṇiṃ vālabījaniṃ odātāni vatthāni dīghadasāni iti vā iti evarūpā maṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānānuyogā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
201緬 1.63已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,仍然談論這樣的畜生論(tiracchānakathā)。這就是:國王論、盜賊論、大臣論、軍隊論、怖畏論、戰爭論、食物論、飲料論、衣服論、臥具論、花鬘論、香論、親戚論、車乘論、村莊論、集鎮論、城市論、國土論、女人論、勇士論、街道論、井邊論、先亡論、種種論、世界起源論、海洋起源論、如此有無論。他遠離這樣的畜生論。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ mahāmattakathaṃ senākathaṃ bhayakathaṃ yuddhakathaṃ annakathaṃ pānakathaṃ vatthakathaṃ sayanakathaṃ mālākathaṃ gandhakathaṃ ñātikathaṃ yānakathaṃ gāmakathaṃ nigamakathaṃ nagarakathaṃ janapadakathaṃ itthikathaṃ [itthikathaṃ purisakathaṃ kumārakathaṃ kumārikathaṃ (ka.)] sūrakathaṃ visikhākathaṃ kumbhaṭṭhānakathaṃ pubbapetakathaṃ nānattakathaṃ lokakkhāyikaṃ samuddakkhāyikaṃ itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānakathāya paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
202已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,仍然從事這樣的諍論(viggāhikakathā)。這就是:“你不了知這法與律,我了知這法與律;你怎麼會了知這法與律呢?你是行邪道者,我是行正道者;我的話前後連貫,你的話前後不連貫;應該先說的你後說,應該後說的你先說;你長期熟習的已被推翻;你的論點已被指摘,你已被論破;去設法挽救你的論點吧,如果你能夠,就解釋清楚吧!”他遠離這樣的諍論。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ viggāhikakathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – na tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāsi, ahaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāmi, kiṃ tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānissasi, micchā paṭipanno tvamasi, ahamasmi sammā paṭipanno, sahitaṃ me, asahitaṃ te, pure vacanīyaṃ pacchā avaca, pacchā vacanīyaṃ pure avaca, adhiciṇṇaṃ te viparāvattaṃ, āropito te vādo, niggahito tvamasi, cara vādappamokkhāya, nibbeṭhehi vā sace pahosīti iti vā iti evarūpāya viggāhikakathāya paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
203PTS 1.67已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,仍然從事這樣的傳信、遣使,這就是:為國王、王臣、剎帝利(khattiya)、婆羅門、居士、王子傳話:“你到這裡去,你到那裡來;你把這個帶去,你把那個從那裡帶來。”他遠離這樣的傳信、遣使。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpaṃ dūteyyapahiṇagamanānuyogaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ – raññaṃ, rājamahāmattānaṃ, khattiyānaṃ, brāhmaṇānaṃ, gahapatikānaṃ, kumārānaṃ – ‘idha gaccha, amutrāgaccha, idaṃ hara, amutra idaṃ āharā’ti iti vā iti evarūpā dūteyyapahiṇagamanānuyogā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
204已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,行詭詐、虛談、現相、激磨,以利求利。他遠離這樣的詭詐、虛談。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te kuhakā ca honti lapakā ca nemittikā ca nippesikā ca lābhena lābhaṃ nijigīṃsitāro ca. Iti evarūpā kuhanalapanā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ’’.
已對照

中戒結束。

Majjhimasīlaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.

大戒(Mahāsīla)Mahāsīlaṃ

205緬 1.64已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,仍以這樣的畜生明(tiracchānavijjā)邪命(micchājīva)維持生計。這就是:肢體佔、徵兆佔、天變佔、占夢、體相佔、鼠咬佔、火供、木勺供、穀殼供、米糠供、米粒供、熟酥供、油供、口祭、血供、肢體明、宅地明、王家明、西瓦明、鬼神明、地明、蛇明、毒明、蠍明、鼠明、鳥明、烏鴉明、壽命推算、防箭咒、解獸鳴。他遠離這樣的畜生明邪命。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti. Seyyathidaṃ – aṅgaṃ nimittaṃ uppātaṃ supinaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ mūsikacchinnaṃ aggihomaṃ dabbihomaṃ thusahomaṃ kaṇahomaṃ taṇḍulahomaṃ sappihomaṃ telahomaṃ mukhahomaṃ lohitahomaṃ aṅgavijjā vatthuvijjā khattavijjā sivavijjā bhūtavijjā bhūrivijjā ahivijjā visavijjā vicchikavijjā mūsikavijjā sakuṇavijjā vāyasavijjā pakkajjhānaṃ saraparittāṇaṃ migacakkaṃ iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
206已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,仍以這樣的畜生明邪命維持生計。這就是:寶珠相、衣服相、手杖相、刀相、劍相、箭相、弓相、武器相、女人相、男人相、男孩相、女孩相、男奴相、女奴相、象相、馬相、水牛相、公牛相、牛相、山羊相、綿羊相、雞相、鵪鶉相、大蜥蜴相、耳環相、龜相、鹿相。他遠離這樣的畜生明邪命。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti. Seyyathidaṃ – maṇilakkhaṇaṃ vatthalakkhaṇaṃ daṇḍalakkhaṇaṃ satthalakkhaṇaṃ asilakkhaṇaṃ usulakkhaṇaṃ dhanulakkhaṇaṃ āvudhalakkhaṇaṃ itthilakkhaṇaṃ purisalakkhaṇaṃ kumāralakkhaṇaṃ kumārilakkhaṇaṃ dāsalakkhaṇaṃ dāsilakkhaṇaṃ hatthilakkhaṇaṃ assalakkhaṇaṃ mahiṃsalakkhaṇaṃ usabhalakkhaṇaṃ golakkhaṇaṃ ajalakkhaṇaṃ meṇḍalakkhaṇaṃ kukkuṭalakkhaṇaṃ vaṭṭakalakkhaṇaṃ godhālakkhaṇaṃ kaṇṇikalakkhaṇaṃ kacchapalakkhaṇaṃ migalakkhaṇaṃ iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
207PTS 1.68已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,仍以這樣的畜生明邪命維持生計。這就是:“國王將出徵,國王將不出徵;內部的國王將進攻,外部的國王將撤退;外部的國王將進攻,內部的國王將撤退;內部的國王將勝利,外部的國王將失敗;外部的國王將勝利,內部的國王將失敗;這一方將勝利,那一方將失敗。”他遠離這樣的畜生明邪命。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti. Seyyathidaṃ – raññaṃ niyyānaṃ bhavissati, raññaṃ aniyyānaṃ bhavissati, abbhantarānaṃ raññaṃ upayānaṃ bhavissati, bāhirānaṃ raññaṃ apayānaṃ bhavissati, bāhirānaṃ raññaṃ upayānaṃ bhavissati, abbhantarānaṃ raññaṃ apayānaṃ bhavissati, abbhantarānaṃ raññaṃ jayo bhavissati, bāhirānaṃ raññaṃ parājayo bhavissati, bāhirānaṃ raññaṃ jayo bhavissati, abbhantarānaṃ raññaṃ parājayo bhavissati, iti imassa jayo bhavissati, imassa parājayo bhavissati iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
208緬 1.65已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,仍以這樣的畜生明邪命維持生計。這就是:“將有月蝕,將有日蝕,將有星蝕;日月將循軌道運行,日月將偏離軌道運行;眾星將循軌道運行,眾星將偏離軌道運行;將有流星隕落,將有天際燃燒,將有地震,將有天鼓鳴;將有日、月、星辰的升起、降落、晦暗、明淨;月蝕將有這樣的結果,日蝕將有這樣的結果,星蝕將有這樣的結果;日月循軌道運行將有這樣的結果,日月偏離軌道運行將有這樣的結果;眾星循軌道運行將有這樣的結果,眾星偏離軌道運行將有這樣的結果;流星隕落將有這樣的結果,天際燃燒將有這樣的結果,地震將有這樣的結果,天鼓鳴將有這樣的結果;日、月、星辰的升起、降落、晦暗、明淨將有這樣的結果。”他遠離這樣的畜生明邪命。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti. Seyyathidaṃ – candaggāho bhavissati, sūriyaggāho bhavissati, nakkhattaggāho bhavissati, candimasūriyānaṃ pathagamanaṃ bhavissati, candimasūriyānaṃ uppathagamanaṃ bhavissati, nakkhattānaṃ pathagamanaṃ bhavissati, nakkhattānaṃ uppathagamanaṃ bhavissati, ukkāpāto bhavissati, disāḍāho bhavissati, bhūmicālo bhavissati, devadudrabhi bhavissati, candimasūriyanakkhattānaṃ uggamanaṃ ogamanaṃ saṃkilesaṃ vodānaṃ bhavissati, evaṃvipāko candaggāho bhavissati, evaṃvipāko sūriyaggāho bhavissati, evaṃvipāko nakkhattaggāho bhavissati, evaṃvipākaṃ candimasūriyānaṃ pathagamanaṃ bhavissati, evaṃvipākaṃ candimasūriyānaṃ uppathagamanaṃ bhavissati, evaṃvipākaṃ nakkhattānaṃ pathagamanaṃ bhavissati, evaṃvipākaṃ nakkhattānaṃ uppathagamanaṃ bhavissati, evaṃvipāko ukkāpāto bhavissati, evaṃvipāko disāḍāho bhavissati, evaṃvipāko bhūmicālo bhavissati, evaṃvipāko devadudrabhi bhavissati, evaṃvipākaṃ candimasūriyanakkhattānaṃ uggamanaṃ ogamanaṃ saṃkilesaṃ vodānaṃ bhavissati iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
209PTS 1.69已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,仍以這樣的畜生明邪命維持生計。這就是:“將多雨,將乾旱;將豐收,將饑荒;將安穩,將有怖畏;將有疾病,將健康無病”;以及指算、心算、計算、作詩、順世論。他遠離這樣的畜生明邪命。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti. Seyyathidaṃ – suvuṭṭhikā bhavissati, dubbuṭṭhikā bhavissati, subhikkhaṃ bhavissati, dubbhikkhaṃ bhavissati, khemaṃ bhavissati, bhayaṃ bhavissati, rogo bhavissati, ārogyaṃ bhavissati, muddā, gaṇanā, saṅkhānaṃ, kāveyyaṃ, lokāyataṃ iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
210已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,仍以這樣的畜生明邪命維持生計。這就是:擇日迎娶、擇日出嫁、擇日和合、擇日離異、擇日聚財、擇日散財、使人幸運、使人不幸、安胎、縛舌咒、鎖顎咒、向手誦咒、向顎誦咒、向耳誦咒、鏡佔問神、童女佔問神、天神佔問、侍奉太陽、侍奉大梵、口吐火焰、召請吉祥天女。他遠離這樣的畜生明邪命。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti. Seyyathidaṃ – āvāhanaṃ vivāhanaṃ saṃvaraṇaṃ vivaraṇaṃ saṅkiraṇaṃ vikiraṇaṃ subhagakaraṇaṃ dubbhagakaraṇaṃ viruddhagabbhakaraṇaṃ jivhānibandhanaṃ hanusaṃhananaṃ hatthābhijappanaṃ hanujappanaṃ kaṇṇajappanaṃ ādāsapañhaṃ kumārikapañhaṃ devapañhaṃ ādiccupaṭṭhānaṃ mahatupaṭṭhānaṃ abbhujjalanaṃ sirivhāyanaṃ iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
211緬 1.66已對照

“或者,正如有些尊貴的沙門、婆羅門,食用信施的食物後,仍以這樣的畜生明邪命維持生計。這就是:息災儀式、還願儀式、驅鬼儀式、鎮地儀式、壯陽術、去勢術、擇宅地儀式、淨宅地儀式、聖水漱洗、聖水沐浴、火祭、催吐、催瀉、上行催瀉、下瀉、頭部導瀉、灌耳油、洗眼、灌鼻、敷眼藥、敷清涼眼藥、眼科醫術、外科醫術、小兒科醫術、施用根本藥、排除藥物殘效。他遠離這樣的畜生明邪命。這也是他的戒行之一。

. ‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti. Seyyathidaṃ – santikammaṃ paṇidhikammaṃ bhūtakammaṃ bhūrikammaṃ vassakammaṃ vossakammaṃ vatthukammaṃ vatthuparikammaṃ ācamanaṃ nhāpanaṃ juhanaṃ vamanaṃ virecanaṃ uddhaṃvirecanaṃ adhovirecanaṃ sīsavirecanaṃ kaṇṇatelaṃ nettatappanaṃ natthukammaṃ añjanaṃ paccañjanaṃ sālākiyaṃ sallakattiyaṃ dārakatikicchā, mūlabhesajjānaṃ anuppadānaṃ, osadhīnaṃ paṭimokkho iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
212PTS 1.70已對照

“大王,這樣具足戒的比丘,由於戒的防護,不見任何地方有怖畏。大王,猶如已灌頂的剎帝利王,已降伏敵人,就敵人而言,他不見任何地方有怖畏;同樣地,大王,這樣具足戒的比丘,由於戒的防護,不見任何地方有怖畏。他具足這聖潔的戒蘊(sīlakkhandha),內心感受無過失之樂。大王,比丘就是這樣具足戒的。

. ‘‘Sa kho so, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ sīlasampanno na kutoci bhayaṃ samanupassati, yadidaṃ sīlasaṃvarato. Seyyathāpi – mahārāja, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto nihatapaccāmitto na kutoci bhayaṃ samanupassati, yadidaṃ paccatthikato; evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ sīlasampanno na kutoci bhayaṃ samanupassati, yadidaṃ sīlasaṃvarato. So iminā ariyena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato ajjhattaṃ anavajjasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hoti.
已對照

大戒(mahāsīla)結束。

Mahāsīlaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.

根律儀(indriyasaṃvara)Indriyasaṃvaro

213已對照

“大王(mahārāja),比丘(bhikkhu)又如何守護諸根(indriya)之門呢?大王,在此,比丘以眼見色後,不取於相,不取隨相。若不守護眼根而住,貪與憂等惡、不善法就會流入,所以他為防護它而行道,守護眼根,致力於眼根的律儀。以耳聞聲後……以鼻嗅香後……以舌嘗味後……以身觸所觸後……以意識知法後,不取於相,不取隨相。若不守護意根而住,貪與憂等惡、不善法就會流入,所以他為防護它而行道,守護意根,致力於意根的律儀。他具足這聖潔的根律儀,內心感受無染汙之樂。大王,比丘就是這樣守護諸根之門。”

. ‘‘Kathañca, mahārāja, bhikkhu indriyesu guttadvāro hoti? Idha, mahārāja, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhā domanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā…pe… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā…pe… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā…pe… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhā domanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati manindriyaṃ, manindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. So iminā ariyena indriyasaṃvarena samannāgato ajjhattaṃ abyāsekasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu indriyesu guttadvāro hoti.

念與正知(satisampajañña)Satisampajaññaṃ

214PTS 1.71緬 1.67已對照

“大王,比丘又如何具足念與正知呢?大王,在此,比丘在前進、返回時保持正知,向前看、向旁看時保持正知,屈、伸[肢體]時保持正知,持僧伽梨(saṅghāṭi)、缽與衣時保持正知,食、飲、嚼、嘗時保持正知,大便、小便時保持正知,行走、站立、坐著、睡眠、覺醒、說話、沉默時保持正知。大王,比丘就是這樣具足念與正知。”

. ‘‘Kathañca, mahārāja, bhikkhu satisampajaññena samannāgato hoti? Idha, mahārāja, bhikkhu abhikkante paṭikkante sampajānakārī hoti, ālokite vilokite sampajānakārī hoti, samiñjite pasārite sampajānakārī hoti, saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe sampajānakārī hoti, asite pīte khāyite sāyite sampajānakārī hoti, uccārapassāvakamme sampajānakārī hoti, gate ṭhite nisinne sutte jāgarite bhāsite tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī hoti. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu satisampajaññena samannāgato hoti.

知足(santosa)Santoso

215已對照

“大王,比丘又如何知足呢?大王,在此,比丘滿足於足以護身的衣、足以果腹的施食(piṇḍapāta),無論去往何處,都只隨身攜帶[這些]而行。大王,猶如有翼之鳥,無論飛往何處,都只以自己的雙翼為負擔而飛。同樣地,大王,比丘滿足於足以護身的衣、足以果腹的施食,無論去往何處,都只隨身攜帶[這些]而行。大王,比丘就是這樣知足。”

. ‘‘Kathañca, mahārāja, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti? Idha, mahārāja, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti kāyaparihārikena cīvarena, kucchiparihārikena piṇḍapātena. So yena yeneva pakkamati, samādāyeva pakkamati. Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, pakkhī sakuṇo yena yeneva ḍeti, sapattabhārova ḍeti. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti kāyaparihārikena cīvarena kucchiparihārikena piṇḍapātena. So yena yeneva pakkamati, samādāyeva pakkamati. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti.

舍斷諸蓋(nīvaraṇappahāna)Nīvaraṇappahānaṃ

216已對照

“他具足這聖潔的戒蘊(sīlakkhandha),具足這聖潔的根律儀,具足這聖潔的念與正知,具足這聖潔的知足之後,前往僻靜的坐臥處(senāsana)——林野(arañña)、樹下、山嶽、峽谷、山洞、墳場、叢林、露地、草堆。他於食後從托缽處返回,結跏趺而坐,保持其身正直,使念現起於面前。”

. ‘‘So iminā ca ariyena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato, iminā ca ariyena indriyasaṃvarena samannāgato, iminā ca ariyena satisampajaññena samannāgato, imāya ca ariyāya santuṭṭhiyā samannāgato, vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajati araññaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ pabbataṃ kandaraṃ giriguhaṃ susānaṃ vanapatthaṃ abbhokāsaṃ palālapuñjaṃ. So pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātappaṭikkanto nisīdati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā.
217緬 1.68已對照

“他舍斷對世間的貪欲(abhijjhā),以離貪欲之心而住,使心從貪欲中淨化。舍斷瞋恚(byāpāda)與惱恨,以無瞋之心而住,懷著利益、悲憫一切眾生生命之心,使心從瞋恚與惱恨中淨化。舍斷昏沉睡眠(thinamiddha),離昏沉睡眠而住,有光明想,具念、正知,使心從昏沉睡眠中淨化。舍斷掉舉追悔(uddhaccakukkucca),不掉舉而住,內心寂靜,使心從掉舉追悔中淨化。舍斷疑(vicikicchā),度脫疑惑而住,對諸善法不再猶豫,使心從疑中淨化。”

. ‘‘So abhijjhaṃ loke pahāya vigatābhijjhena cetasā viharati, abhijjhāya cittaṃ parisodheti. Byāpādapadosaṃ pahāya abyāpannacitto viharati sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī, byāpādapadosā cittaṃ parisodheti. Thinamiddhaṃ pahāya vigatathinamiddho viharati ālokasaññī, sato sampajāno, thinamiddhā cittaṃ parisodheti. Uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahāya anuddhato viharati, ajjhattaṃ vūpasantacitto, uddhaccakukkuccā cittaṃ parisodheti. Vicikicchaṃ pahāya tiṇṇavicikiccho viharati, akathaṃkathī kusalesu dhammesu, vicikicchāya cittaṃ parisodheti.
218PTS 1.72已對照

“大王,猶如有人舉債經營事業,他的那些事業獲得成功,他既還清了原先的債本,還有多餘的[錢財]可以養育妻室。他這樣想:‘我先前舉債經營事業,我的那些事業獲得了成功,我既還清了原先的債本,還有多餘的[錢財]可以養育妻室。’他會由此因緣獲得愉悅,得到喜悅。”

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso iṇaṃ ādāya kammante payojeyya. Tassa te kammantā samijjheyyuṃ. So yāni ca porāṇāni iṇamūlāni, tāni ca byantiṃ kareyya [byantīkareyya (sī. syā. kaṃ.)], siyā cassa uttariṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ dārabharaṇāya. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho pubbe iṇaṃ ādāya kammante payojesiṃ. Tassa me te kammantā samijjhiṃsu. Sohaṃ yāni ca porāṇāni iṇamūlāni, tāni ca byantiṃ akāsiṃ, atthi ca me uttariṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ dārabharaṇāyā’ti. So tatonidānaṃ labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ.
219已對照

“大王,又猶如有人生病,痛苦,重病纏身,吃不下飯,身體沒有力氣。他過些時候從那疾病中解脫,吃得下飯,身體也有了力氣。他這樣想:‘我先前生病,痛苦,重病纏身,吃不下飯,身體沒有力氣。如今我已從那疾病中解脫,吃得下飯,身體也有了力氣。’他會由此因緣獲得愉悅,得到喜悅。”

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso ābādhiko assa dukkhito bāḷhagilāno; bhattañcassa nacchādeyya, na cassa kāye balamattā. So aparena samayena tamhā ābādhā mucceyya; bhattaṃ cassa chādeyya, siyā cassa kāye balamattā. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho pubbe ābādhiko ahosiṃ dukkhito bāḷhagilāno; bhattañca me nacchādesi, na ca me āsi [na cassa me (ka.)] kāye balamattā. Somhi etarahi tamhā ābādhā mutto; bhattañca me chādeti, atthi ca me kāye balamattā’ti. So tatonidānaṃ labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ.
220緬 1.69已對照

“大王,又猶如有人被關在監獄裡。他過些時候平安無事地從監獄中獲釋,財產也沒有任何損失。他這樣想:‘我先前被關在監獄裡,如今我已平安無事地從監獄中獲釋,我的財產也沒有任何損失。’他會由此因緣獲得愉悅,得到喜悅。”

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso bandhanāgāre baddho assa. So aparena samayena tamhā bandhanāgārā mucceyya sotthinā abbhayena [ubbayena (sī. ka.)], na cassa kiñci bhogānaṃ vayo. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho pubbe bandhanāgāre baddho ahosiṃ, somhi etarahi tamhā bandhanāgārā mutto sotthinā abbhayena. Natthi ca me kiñci bhogānaṃ vayo’ti. So tatonidānaṃ labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ.
221PTS 1.73已對照

“大王,又猶如有人身為奴隸,不得自主,受制於人,不能隨意而行。他過些時候從奴隸的身份中解脫,得以自主,不受制於人,成為自由人,能隨意而行。他這樣想:‘我先前身為奴隸,不得自主,受制於人,不能隨意而行。如今我已從奴隸的身份中解脫,得以自主,不受制於人,成為自由人,能隨意而行。’他會由此因緣獲得愉悅,得到喜悅。”

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso dāso assa anattādhīno parādhīno na yenakāmaṃgamo. So aparena samayena tamhā dāsabyā mucceyya attādhīno aparādhīno bhujisso yenakāmaṃgamo. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho pubbe dāso ahosiṃ anattādhīno parādhīno na yenakāmaṃgamo. Somhi etarahi tamhā dāsabyā mutto attādhīno aparādhīno bhujisso yenakāmaṃgamo’ti. So tatonidānaṃ labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ.
222已對照

“大王,又猶如有人帶著錢財、貨物,行走在饑饉、有怖畏的荒漠長路上。他過些時候平安地越過那荒漠,安全到達安穩、無怖畏的村莊邊地。他這樣想:‘我先前帶著錢財、貨物,行走在饑饉、有怖畏的荒漠長路上。如今我已平安地越過那荒漠,安全到達了安穩、無怖畏的村莊邊地。’他會由此因緣獲得愉悅,得到喜悅。”

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso sadhano sabhogo kantāraddhānamaggaṃ paṭipajjeyya dubbhikkhaṃ sappaṭibhayaṃ. So aparena samayena taṃ kantāraṃ nitthareyya sotthinā, gāmantaṃ anupāpuṇeyya khemaṃ appaṭibhayaṃ. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho pubbe sadhano sabhogo kantāraddhānamaggaṃ paṭipajjiṃ dubbhikkhaṃ sappaṭibhayaṃ. Somhi etarahi taṃ kantāraṃ nitthiṇṇo sotthinā, gāmantaṃ anuppatto khemaṃ appaṭibhaya’nti. So tatonidānaṃ labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ.
223已對照

“同樣地,大王,比丘觀見自己尚未舍斷這五蓋(pañcanīvaraṇā)時,就如同負債,如同疾病,如同監獄,如同奴隸的身份,如同荒漠長路。”

. ‘‘Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu yathā iṇaṃ yathā rogaṃ yathā bandhanāgāraṃ yathā dāsabyaṃ yathā kantāraddhānamaggaṃ, evaṃ ime pañca nīvaraṇe appahīne attani samanupassati.
224已對照

“大王,又猶如無債,猶如無病,猶如從監獄獲釋,猶如自由之身,猶如安穩之地;同樣地,大王,比丘觀見自己已經舍斷了這五蓋。”

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, yathā āṇaṇyaṃ yathā ārogyaṃ yathā bandhanāmokkhaṃ yathā bhujissaṃ yathā khemantabhūmiṃ; evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahīne attani samanupassati.
225已對照

“當他觀見自己已舍斷這五蓋時,愉悅生起;愉悅者,喜(pīti)生起;意有喜者,身輕安;身輕安者,感受樂(sukha);有樂者,心得定(samādhi)。”

. ‘‘Tassime pañca nīvaraṇe pahīne attani samanupassato pāmojjaṃ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati.

初禪(paṭhamajjhāna)Paṭhamajjhānaṃ

226緬 1.70已對照

“他已離諸欲,離諸不善法,有尋(vitakka)、有伺(vicāra),離生喜、樂,成就並住於初禪。他以離生的喜、樂浸潤、遍潤、充滿、遍滿此身,其全身沒有任何一處不被離生的喜、樂所遍滿。”

. ‘‘So vivicceva kāmehi, vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So imameva kāyaṃ vivekajena pītisukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa vivekajena pītisukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti.
227PTS 1.74已對照

“大王,猶如熟練的搓澡工或搓澡工的學徒,把沐浴粉撒入銅盆中,一面反覆地灑水,一面加以揉合,那沐浴粉團便為滋潤所隨行,為滋潤所浸透,內外皆為滋潤所遍滿,卻不流滴。同樣地,大王,比丘以離生的喜、樂浸潤、遍潤、充滿、遍滿此身,其全身沒有任何一處不被離生的喜、樂所遍滿。大王,這也是現見的沙門果(sandiṭṭhikasāmaññaphala),比先前的那些現見沙門果更為卓越、更為殊勝。”

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, dakkho nhāpako vā nhāpakantevāsī vā kaṃsathāle nhānīyacuṇṇāni ākiritvā udakena paripphosakaṃ paripphosakaṃ sanneyya, sāyaṃ nhānīyapiṇḍi snehānugatā snehaparetā santarabāhirā phuṭā snehena, na ca paggharaṇī; evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ vivekajena pītisukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa vivekajena pītisukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.

第二禪(dutiyajjhāna)Dutiyajjhānaṃ

228已對照

“再者,大王,比丘尋、伺寂止,內潔淨,心專一性,無尋、無伺,定生喜、樂,成就並住於第二禪。他以定生的喜、樂浸潤、遍潤、充滿、遍滿此身,其全身沒有任何一處不被定生的喜、樂所遍滿。”

. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So imameva kāyaṃ samādhijena pītisukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa samādhijena pītisukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti.
229PTS 1.75緬 1.71已對照

“大王,猶如有一泉水湧出的深水湖,它在東方沒有進水口,在南方沒有進水口,在西方沒有進水口,在北方沒有進水口,天也不時時注入應時的水流。而清涼的水流從那湖中湧出,以清涼之水浸潤、遍潤、充滿、遍滿那整個湖,全湖沒有任何一處不被清涼之水所遍滿。同樣地,大王,比丘以定生的喜、樂浸潤、遍潤、充滿、遍滿此身,其全身沒有任何一處不被定生的喜、樂所遍滿。大王,這也是現見的沙門果,比先前的那些現見沙門果更為卓越、更為殊勝。”

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, udakarahado gambhīro ubbhidodako [ubbhitodako (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] tassa nevassa puratthimāya disāya udakassa āyamukhaṃ, na dakkhiṇāya disāya udakassa āyamukhaṃ, na pacchimāya disāya udakassa āyamukhaṃ, na uttarāya disāya udakassa āyamukhaṃ, devo ca na kālenakālaṃ sammādhāraṃ anuppaveccheyya. Atha kho tamhāva udakarahadā sītā vāridhārā ubbhijjitvā tameva udakarahadaṃ sītena vārinā abhisandeyya parisandeyya paripūreyya paripphareyya, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato udakarahadassa sītena vārinā apphuṭaṃ assa. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ samādhijena pītisukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa samādhijena pītisukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.

第三禪(tatiyajjhāna)Tatiyajjhānaṃ

230已對照

“再者,大王,比丘離喜,住於舍(upekkhā),具念與正知,以身受樂,正如聖者們所說的:‘舍、具念、樂住。’成就並住於第三禪。他以無喜之樂浸潤、遍潤、充滿、遍滿此身,其全身沒有任何一處不被無喜之樂所遍滿。”

. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti, tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So imameva kāyaṃ nippītikena sukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa nippītikena sukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti.
231已對照

“大王,猶如在青蓮(uppala)池、白蓮(paduma)池或紅蓮(puṇḍarīka)池中,有一些青蓮、白蓮或紅蓮生於水中,長於水中,不出水面,沉浸在水中而得滋養,它們從頂端到根部都被清涼之水所浸潤、遍潤、充滿、遍滿,所有的青蓮、白蓮或紅蓮沒有任何一處不被清涼之水所遍滿。同樣地,大王,比丘以無喜之樂浸潤、遍潤、充滿、遍滿此身,其全身沒有任何一處不被無喜之樂所遍滿。大王,這也是現見的沙門果,比先前的那些現見沙門果更為卓越、更為殊勝。”

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, uppaliniyaṃ vā paduminiyaṃ vā puṇḍarīkiniyaṃ vā appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakānuggatāni antonimuggaposīni, tāni yāva caggā yāva ca mūlā sītena vārinā abhisannāni parisannāni [abhisandāni parisandāni (ka.)] paripūrāni paripphuṭāni [paripphuṭṭhāni (pī.)], nāssa kiñci sabbāvataṃ uppalānaṃ vā padumānaṃ vā puṇḍarīkānaṃ vā sītena vārinā apphuṭaṃ assa; evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ nippītikena sukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa nippītikena sukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.

第四禪(catutthajjhāna)Catutthajjhānaṃ

232PTS 1.76已對照

“再者,大王,比丘舍斷樂與舍斷苦,先前的喜、憂已經滅沒,不苦不樂,舍念清淨(upekkhāsatipārisuddhi),成就並住於第四禪。他以清淨、潔白之心遍滿此身而坐,其全身沒有任何一處不被清淨、潔白之心所遍滿。”

. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, mahārāja, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā, pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, so imameva kāyaṃ parisuddhena cetasā pariyodātena pharitvā nisinno hoti, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa parisuddhena cetasā pariyodātena apphuṭaṃ hoti.
233緬 1.72已對照

“大王,猶如有人用白布連頭覆蓋全身而坐,其全身沒有任何一處不被白布所覆蓋。同樣地,大王,比丘以清淨、潔白之心遍滿此身而坐,其全身沒有任何一處不被清淨、潔白之心所遍滿。大王,這也是現見的沙門果,比先前的那些現見沙門果更為卓越、更為殊勝。”

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso odātena vatthena sasīsaṃ pārupitvā nisinno assa, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa odātena vatthena apphuṭaṃ assa; evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ parisuddhena cetasā pariyodātena pharitvā nisinno hoti, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa parisuddhena cetasā pariyodātena apphuṭaṃ hoti. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.

觀智(vipassanāñāṇa)Vipassanāñāṇaṃ

234已對照

“當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱(upakkilesa)、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於智見(ñāṇadassana)。他如此了知:‘我這個身體有色,由四大(cātumahābhūta)所成,為父母所生,由飯與粥堆積而成,是無常、塗拭、按摩、破壞、離散之法;而我這個識(viññāṇa)依止於此、繫縛於此。’

. ‘‘So [puna caparaṃ mahārāja bhikkhu so (ka.)] evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘ayaṃ kho me kāyo rūpī cātumahābhūtiko mātāpettikasambhavo odanakummāsūpacayo aniccucchādana-parimaddana-bhedana-viddhaṃsana-dhammo; idañca pana me viññāṇaṃ ettha sitaṃ ettha paṭibaddha’nti.
235PTS 1.77已對照

“大王(mahārāja),猶如一顆琉璃寶珠(maṇiveḷuriya),美麗、純正,有八個切面,善加琢磨,透明、澄澈、無濁,具足一切行相;其中穿著藍色、黃色、紅色、白色或淡黃色的線。有位具眼之人把它放在手中觀察:‘這是一顆琉璃寶珠,美麗、純正,有八個切面,善加琢磨,透明、澄澈、無濁,具足一切行相;其中穿著藍色、黃色、紅色、白色或淡黃色的線。’正是如此,大王,當比丘(bhikkhu)的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於智見。他如此了知:‘我這個身體有色,由四大所成,為父母所生,由飯與粥堆積而成,是無常、塗拭、按摩、破壞、離散之法;而我這個識依止於此、繫縛於此。’大王,這也是現見的沙門果(sandiṭṭhikasāmaññaphala),比之前的諸現見沙門果更超越、更殊勝。

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato accho vippasanno anāvilo sabbākārasampanno. Tatrāssa suttaṃ āvutaṃ nīlaṃ vā pītaṃ vā lohitaṃ vā [pītakaṃ vā lohitakaṃ vā (ka.)] odātaṃ vā paṇḍusuttaṃ vā. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso hatthe karitvā paccavekkheyya – ‘ayaṃ kho maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato accho vippasanno anāvilo sabbākārasampanno; tatridaṃ suttaṃ āvutaṃ nīlaṃ vā pītaṃ vā lohitaṃ vā odātaṃ vā paṇḍusuttaṃ vā’ti. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘ayaṃ kho me kāyo rūpī cātumahābhūtiko mātāpettikasambhavo odanakummāsūpacayo aniccucchādanaparimaddanabhedanaviddhaṃsanadhammo; idañca pana me viññāṇaṃ ettha sitaṃ ettha paṭibaddha’nti. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.

意所成神變智(manomayiddhiñāṇa)Manomayiddhiñāṇaṃ

236緬 1.73已對照

“當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於化作意所成身(manomayakāya)。他從此身化作出另一個身:有色、意所成、具足一切大小肢節、諸根無缺。

. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte manomayaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimmānāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So imamhā kāyā aññaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimmināti rūpiṃ manomayaṃ sabbaṅgapaccaṅgiṃ ahīnindriyaṃ.
237已對照

“大王,猶如有人從蒙迦草(muñja)中抽出葦莖(īsikā)。他會這樣想:‘這是蒙迦草,這是葦莖;蒙迦草是一回事,葦莖是另一回事,葦莖正是從蒙迦草中抽出來的。’又猶如,大王,有人從鞘中拔出劍。他會這樣想:‘這是劍,這是鞘;劍是一回事,鞘是另一回事,劍正是從鞘中拔出來的。’又猶如,大王,有人把蛇從蛇篋(karaṇḍa)中取出。他會這樣想:‘這是蛇,這是篋;蛇是一回事,篋是另一回事,蛇正是從篋中取出來的。’正是如此,大王,當比丘的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於化作意所成身。他從此身化作出另一個身:有色、意所成、具足一切大小肢節、諸根無缺。大王,這也是現見的沙門果,比之前的諸現見沙門果更超越、更殊勝。

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso muñjamhā īsikaṃ pavāheyya [pabbāheyya (syā. ka.)]. Tassa evamassa – ‘ayaṃ muñjo, ayaṃ īsikā, añño muñjo, aññā īsikā, muñjamhā tveva īsikā pavāḷhā’ti [pabbāḷhāti (syā. ka.)]. Seyyathā vā pana, mahārāja, puriso asiṃ kosiyā pavāheyya. Tassa evamassa – ‘ayaṃ asi, ayaṃ kosi, añño asi, aññā kosi, kosiyā tveva asi pavāḷho’’ti. Seyyathā vā pana, mahārāja, puriso ahiṃ karaṇḍā uddhareyya. Tassa evamassa – ‘ayaṃ ahi, ayaṃ karaṇḍo. Añño ahi, añño karaṇḍo, karaṇḍā tveva ahi ubbhato’ti [uddharito (syā. kaṃ.)]. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte manomayaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimmānāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So imamhā kāyā aññaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimmināti rūpiṃ manomayaṃ sabbaṅgapaccaṅgiṃ ahīnindriyaṃ. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.

神變智(iddhividhañāṇa)Iddhividhañāṇaṃ

238PTS 1.78緬 1.74已對照

“當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於種種神變(iddhividha)。他體驗多種神變:一身能變成多身,多身能合成一身;或顯現,或隱沒;穿越牆壁、垣牆、山嶽,無所障礙,猶如在虛空中;出沒於大地之中,猶如在水中;在水上行走而不沉沒,猶如在地上;在虛空中結跏趺坐而行,猶如有翼之鳥;甚至以手觸摸、撫摸有如此大神力、大威德的日月;以身自在通行,直到梵天界(brahmaloka)。

. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte iddhividhāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti – ekopi hutvā bahudhā hoti, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hoti; āvibhāvaṃ tirobhāvaṃ tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamāno gacchati seyyathāpi ākāse. Pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karoti seyyathāpi udake. Udakepi abhijjamāne gacchati [abhijjamāno (sī. ka.)] seyyathāpi pathaviyā. Ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamati seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo. Imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve pāṇinā parāmasati parimajjati. Yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti.
239PTS 1.79已對照

“大王,猶如熟練的陶工或陶工的弟子,能以善加調製的黏土,隨其所欲做成、完成各種陶器。又猶如,大王,熟練的象牙匠或象牙匠的弟子,能以善加處理的象牙,隨其所欲做成、完成各種象牙製品。又猶如,大王,熟練的金匠或金匠的弟子,能以善加鍛鍊的黃金,隨其所欲做成、完成各種金器。正是如此,大王,當比丘的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於種種神變。他體驗多種神變:一身能變成多身,多身能合成一身;或顯現,或隱沒;穿越牆壁、垣牆、山嶽,無所障礙,猶如在虛空中;出沒於大地之中,猶如在水中;在水上行走而不沉沒,猶如在地上;在虛空中結跏趺坐而行,猶如有翼之鳥;甚至以手觸摸、撫摸有如此大神力、大威德的日月;以身自在通行,直到梵天界。大王,這也是現見的沙門果,比之前的諸現見沙門果更超越、更殊勝。

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, dakkho kumbhakāro vā kumbhakārantevāsī vā suparikammakatāya mattikāya yaṃ yadeva bhājanavikatiṃ ākaṅkheyya, taṃ tadeva kareyya abhinipphādeyya. Seyyathā vā pana, mahārāja, dakkho dantakāro vā dantakārantevāsī vā suparikammakatasmiṃ dantasmiṃ yaṃ yadeva dantavikatiṃ ākaṅkheyya, taṃ tadeva kareyya abhinipphādeyya. Seyyathā vā pana, mahārāja, dakkho suvaṇṇakāro vā suvaṇṇakārantevāsī vā suparikammakatasmiṃ suvaṇṇasmiṃ yaṃ yadeva suvaṇṇavikatiṃ ākaṅkheyya, taṃ tadeva kareyya abhinipphādeyya. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte iddhividhāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti – ekopi hutvā bahudhā hoti, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hoti; āvibhāvaṃ tirobhāvaṃ tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamāno gacchati seyyathāpi ākāse. Pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karoti seyyathāpi udake. Udakepi abhijjamāne gacchati seyyathāpi pathaviyā. Ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamati seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo. Imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve pāṇinā parāmasati parimajjati. Yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.

天耳界智(dibbasotañāṇa)Dibbasotañāṇaṃ

240已對照

“當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於天耳界(dibbāsotadhātu)。他以清淨、超人的天耳界,聽見天的與人的兩種聲音,無論遠的還是近的。

. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte dibbāya sotadhātuyā cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya ubho sadde suṇāti dibbe ca mānuse ca ye dūre santike ca.
241緬 1.75已對照

“大王,猶如有人行走在大道上,他聽見大鼓聲、腰鼓聲,以及螺貝聲、鐃鼓聲、小鼓聲。他會這樣想:‘這是大鼓聲’‘這是腰鼓聲’‘這是螺貝、鐃鼓、小鼓之聲’。正是如此,大王,當比丘的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於天耳界。他以清淨、超人的天耳界,聽見天的與人的兩種聲音,無論遠的還是近的。大王,這也是現見的沙門果,比之前的諸現見沙門果更超越、更殊勝。

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso addhānamaggappaṭipanno. So suṇeyya bherisaddampi mudiṅgasaddampi [mutiṅgasaddampi (sī. pī.)] saṅkhapaṇavadindimasaddampi [saṅkhapaṇavadeṇḍimasaddampi (sī. pī.), saṅkhasaddaṃpi paṇavasaddaṃpi dendimasaddaṃpi (syā. kaṃ.)]. Tassa evamassa – ‘bherisaddo’ itipi, ‘mudiṅgasaddo’ itipi, ‘saṅkhapaṇavadindimasaddo’ itipi [saṅkhasaddo itipi paṇavasaddo itipi dendimasaddo itipi (syā. kaṃ.)]. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte dibbāya sotadhātuyā cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya ubho sadde suṇāti dibbe ca mānuse ca ye dūre santike ca. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.

他心智(cetopariyañāṇa)Cetopariyañāṇaṃ

242PTS 1.80已對照

“當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於他心智(cetopariyañāṇa)。他以自己的心遍知其他眾生、其他人的心:有貪的心,了知為‘有貪的心’;離貪的心,了知為‘離貪的心’;有瞋的心,了知為‘有瞋的心’;離瞋的心,了知為‘離瞋的心’;有痴的心,了知為‘有痴的心’;離痴的心,了知為‘離痴的心’;萎縮的心,了知為‘萎縮的心’;散亂的心,了知為‘散亂的心’;廣大的心,了知為‘廣大的心’;不廣大的心,了知為‘不廣大的心’;有上的心,了知為‘有上的心’;無上的心,了知為‘無上的心’;得定的心,了知為‘得定的心’;無定的心,了知為‘無定的心’;解脫的心,了知為‘解脫的心’;未解脫的心,了知為‘未解脫的心’。

. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte cetopariyañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti – sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sarāgaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītarāgaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, sadosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sadosaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vītadosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītadosaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, samohaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘samohaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vītamohaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītamohaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, saṅkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘saṅkhittaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vikkhittaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, mahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ ‘mahaggataṃ citta’nti pajānāti, amahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ ‘amahaggataṃ citta’nti pajānāti, sauttaraṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sauttaraṃ citta’nti pajānāti, anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ ‘anuttaraṃ citta’nti pajānāti, samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘samāhitaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘asamāhitaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vimuttaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘avimuttaṃ citta’nti pajānāti.
243PTS 1.81緬 1.76已對照

“大王,猶如喜好裝飾的年輕女子或男子,在清淨、皎潔的鏡中,或在澄澈的水缽中,觀察自己的面容:若有斑點,便知道‘有斑點’;若無斑點,便知道‘無斑點’。正是如此,大王,當比丘的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於他心智。他以自己的心遍知其他眾生、其他人的心:有貪的心,了知為‘有貪的心’;離貪的心,了知為‘離貪的心’;有瞋的心,了知為‘有瞋的心’;離瞋的心,了知為‘離瞋的心’;有痴的心,了知為‘有痴的心’;離痴的心,了知為‘離痴的心’;萎縮的心,了知為‘萎縮的心’;散亂的心,了知為‘散亂的心’;廣大的心,了知為‘廣大的心’;不廣大的心,了知為‘不廣大的心’;有上的心,了知為‘有上的心’;無上的心,了知為‘無上的心’;得定的心,了知為‘得定的心’;無定的心,了知為‘無定的心’;解脫的心,了知為‘解脫的心’;未解脫的心,了知為‘未解脫的心’。大王,這也是現見的沙門果,比之前的諸現見沙門果更超越、更殊勝。

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, itthī vā puriso vā daharo yuvā maṇḍanajātiko ādāse vā parisuddhe pariyodāte acche vā udakapatte sakaṃ mukhanimittaṃ paccavekkhamāno sakaṇikaṃ vā ‘sakaṇika’nti jāneyya, akaṇikaṃ vā ‘akaṇika’nti jāneyya; evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte cetopariyañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti – sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sarāgaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītarāgaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, sadosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sadosaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vītadosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītadosaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, samohaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘samohaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vītamohaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītamohaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, saṅkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘saṅkhittaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vikkhittaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, mahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ ‘mahaggataṃ citta’nti pajānāti, amahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ ‘amahaggataṃ citta’nti pajānāti, sauttaraṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sauttaraṃ citta’nti pajānāti, anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ ‘anuttaraṃ citta’nti pajānāti, samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘samāhitaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘asamāhitaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vimuttaṃ citta’’nti pajānāti, avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘avimuttaṃ citta’nti pajānāti. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.

宿住隨念智(pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇa)Pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ

244緬 1.77已對照

“當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於宿住隨念智(pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇa)。他回憶起許多種宿住,即:一生、二生、三生、四生、五生、十生、二十生、三十生、四十生、五十生、一百生、一千生、十萬生、許多壞劫(saṃvaṭṭakappa)、許多成劫(vivaṭṭakappa)、許多壞成劫(saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappa)——‘我在那裡有如此的名字、如此的種姓、如此的容貌、如此的食物,經歷如此的苦樂,有如此的壽量;從那裡死後,投生到那裡;在那裡又有如此的名字、如此的種姓、如此的容貌、如此的食物,經歷如此的苦樂,有如此的壽量;從那裡死後,投生到這裡。’如此,他回憶起具有行相、具有細節的許多種宿住。

. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe, ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati.
245PTS 1.82已對照

“大王,猶如有人從自己的村莊前往另一個村莊,又從那個村莊前往另一個村莊,然後他從那個村莊回到自己的村莊。他會這樣想:‘我從自己的村莊去了某個村莊,在那裡如此站立、如此坐著、如此說話、如此沉默;又從那個村莊去了某個村莊,在那裡也如此站立、如此坐著、如此說話、如此沉默;然後我從那個村莊回到了自己的村莊。’正是如此,大王,當比丘的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於宿住隨念智。他回憶起許多種宿住,即:一生、二生、三生、四生、五生、十生、二十生、三十生、四十生、五十生、一百生、一千生、十萬生、許多壞劫、許多成劫、許多壞成劫——‘我在那裡有如此的名字、如此的種姓、如此的容貌、如此的食物,經歷如此的苦樂,有如此的壽量;從那裡死後,投生到那裡;在那裡又有如此的名字、如此的種姓、如此的容貌、如此的食物,經歷如此的苦樂,有如此的壽量;從那裡死後,投生到這裡。’如此,他回憶起具有行相、具有細節的許多種宿住。大王,這也是現見的沙門果,比之前的諸現見沙門果更超越、更殊勝。

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, puriso sakamhā gāmā aññaṃ gāmaṃ gaccheyya, tamhāpi gāmā aññaṃ gāmaṃ gaccheyya. So tamhā gāmā sakaṃyeva gāmaṃ paccāgaccheyya. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho sakamhā gāmā amuṃ gāmaṃ agacchiṃ [agañchiṃ (syā. kaṃ.)], tatrāpi evaṃ aṭṭhāsiṃ, evaṃ nisīdiṃ, evaṃ abhāsiṃ, evaṃ tuṇhī ahosiṃ, tamhāpi gāmā amuṃ gāmaṃ agacchiṃ, tatrāpi evaṃ aṭṭhāsiṃ, evaṃ nisīdiṃ, evaṃ abhāsiṃ, evaṃ tuṇhī ahosiṃ, somhi tamhā gāmā sakaṃyeva gāmaṃ paccāgato’ti. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe, ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti, iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.

天眼智(dibbacakkhuñāṇa)Dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ

246PTS 1.83緬 1.78已對照

“當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於眾生死生智(sattānaṃcutūpapātañāṇa)。他以清淨、超人的天眼(dibbacakkhu),看見眾生的死亡與投生:或低賤或高貴,或美麗或醜陋,或善趣或惡趣,了知眾生隨業而去——‘這些眾生確實具足身惡行、具足語惡行、具足意惡行,誹謗聖者,持邪見,受持邪見之業;他們身壞命終之後,投生於苦界、惡趣、墮處、地獄。而這些眾生具足身善行、具足語善行、具足意善行,不誹謗聖者,持正見,受持正見之業;他們身壞命終之後,投生於善趣、天界。’如此,他以清淨、超人的天眼,看見眾生的死亡與投生:或低賤或高貴,或美麗或醜陋,或善趣或惡趣,了知眾生隨業而去。

. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate, yathākammūpage satte pajānāti – ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā. Te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate, yathākammūpage satte pajānāti.
247緬 1.79已對照

“大王,猶如在十字街頭中央有一座高樓,有位具眼之人站在其上,能看見人們走進房屋、走出房屋、沿著車道在街上往來,以及坐在十字街頭中央。他會這樣想:‘這些人走進房屋,這些人走出來,這些人沿著車道在街上往來,這些人坐在十字街頭中央。’正是如此,大王,當比丘的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於眾生死生智。他以清淨、超人的天眼,看見眾生的死亡與投生:或低賤或高貴,或美麗或醜陋,或善趣或惡趣,了知眾生隨業而去——‘這些眾生確實具足身惡行、具足語惡行、具足意惡行,誹謗聖者,持邪見,受持邪見之業;他們身壞命終之後,投生於苦界、惡趣、墮處、地獄。而這些眾生具足身善行、具足語善行、具足意善行,不誹謗聖者,持正見,受持正見之業;他們身壞命終之後,投生於善趣、天界。’如此,他以清淨、超人的天眼,看見眾生的死亡與投生:或低賤或高貴,或美麗或醜陋,或善趣或惡趣,了知眾生隨業而去。大王,這也是現見的沙門果,比之前的諸現見沙門果更超越、更殊勝。

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, majjhe siṅghāṭake pāsādo. Tattha cakkhumā puriso ṭhito passeyya manusse gehaṃ pavisantepi nikkhamantepi rathikāyapi vīthiṃ sañcarante [rathiyāpī rathiṃ sañcarante (sī.), rathiyāya vithiṃ sañcarantepi (syā.)] majjhe siṅghāṭake nisinnepi. Tassa evamassa – ‘ete manussā gehaṃ pavisanti, ete nikkhamanti, ete rathikāya vīthiṃ sañcaranti, ete majjhe siṅghāṭake nisinnā’ti. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate, yathākammūpage satte pajānāti – ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā. Te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate; yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. ‘Idampi kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.

漏盡智(āsavakkhayañāṇa)Āsavakkhayañāṇaṃ

248PTS 1.84已對照

“當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於漏盡智(āsavakkhayañāṇa)。他如實了知‘此是苦’,如實了知‘此是苦之集’,如實了知‘此是苦之滅’,如實了知‘此是導至苦滅之道’;如實了知‘此是諸漏(āsava)’,如實了知‘此是漏之集’,如實了知‘此是漏之滅’,如實了知‘此是導至漏滅之道’。當他如此知、如此見時,心從欲漏解脫,心從有漏解脫,心從無明漏解脫;於解脫時,有‘已解脫’之智。他了知:‘生已盡,梵行已立,應作已作,再無後有。’

. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So idaṃ dukkhanti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ dukkhasamudayoti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ dukkhanirodhoti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Ime āsavāti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ āsavasamudayoti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ āsavanirodhoti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, ‘vimuttasmiṃ vimuttami’ti ñāṇaṃ hoti, ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti.
249PTS 1.85緬 1.80已對照

“大王,猶如山間凹處有一個湖泊,透明、澄澈、無濁。有位具眼之人站在岸邊,能看見牡蠣和貝殼、砂礫和卵石,以及遊動的、停住的魚群。他會這樣想:‘這個湖泊透明、澄澈、無濁,其中有這些牡蠣和貝殼、砂礫和卵石,以及遊動的、停住的魚群。’正是如此,大王,當比丘的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於漏盡智。他如實了知‘此是苦’,如實了知‘此是苦之集’,如實了知‘此是苦之滅’,如實了知‘此是導至苦滅之道’;如實了知‘此是諸漏’,如實了知‘此是漏之集’,如實了知‘此是漏之滅’,如實了知‘此是導至漏滅之道’。當他如此知、如此見時,心從欲漏解脫,心從有漏解脫,心從無明漏解脫;於解脫時,有‘已解脫’之智。他了知:‘生已盡,梵行已立,應作已作,再無後有。’大王,這是現見的沙門果,比之前的諸現見沙門果更超越、更殊勝。而且,大王,比這現見的沙門果更上、更殊勝的其他現見沙門果,是沒有的。”

. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, mahārāja, pabbatasaṅkhepe udakarahado accho vippasanno anāvilo. Tattha cakkhumā puriso tīre ṭhito passeyya sippisambukampi sakkharakathalampi macchagumbampi carantampi tiṭṭhantampi. Tassa evamassa – ‘ayaṃ kho udakarahado accho vippasanno anāvilo. Tatrime sippisambukāpi sakkharakathalāpi macchagumbāpi carantipi tiṭṭhantipī’ti. Evameva kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. ‘So idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. ‘Ime āsavāti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ āsavasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, ‘vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti, ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. Idaṃ kho, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ purimehi sandiṭṭhikehi sāmaññaphalehi abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca. Imasmā ca pana, mahārāja, sandiṭṭhikā sāmaññaphalā aññaṃ sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ uttaritaraṃ vā paṇītataraṃ vā natthī’’ti.

阿闍世(Ajātasattu)表明為優婆塞(upāsaka)Ajātasattuupāsakattapaṭivedanā

250已對照

如是說時,摩揭陀(Magadha)國王韋提希子(Vedehiputta)阿闍世對世尊(Bhagavā)如此說:“奇哉!尊者(bhante),奇哉!尊者。尊者,猶如把倒覆的扶起,把遮蔽的揭開,為迷路者指示道路,在黑暗中持來油燈,使有眼者得見諸色。正是如此,世尊以種種方式開顯了法。尊者,我皈依(saraṇa)世尊、法(dhamma)與比丘僧團(bhikkhusaṅgha)。願世尊憶持我為優婆塞,從今日起,終生皈依。尊者,罪過戰勝了我,如愚者、如痴者、如不善者——我竟為了王權的緣故,剝奪瞭如法的法王、我父親的生命。尊者,願世尊接受我的罪過為罪過,以便在將來防護。”

. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante. Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gataṃ. Accayo maṃ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ, yohaṃ pitaraṃ dhammikaṃ dhammarājānaṃ issariyakāraṇā jīvitā voropesiṃ. Tassa me, bhante bhagavā accayaṃ accayato paṭiggaṇhātu āyatiṃ saṃvarāyā’’ti.
251已對照

“確實,大王,罪過戰勝了你,如愚者、如痴者、如不善者——你竟剝奪瞭如法的法王、你父親的生命。但是,大王,由於你見罪過為罪過而如法悔改,我們接受你的悔過。大王,凡是見罪過為罪過而如法悔改、於將來防護者,這在聖者之律中就是增長。”

. ‘‘Taggha tvaṃ, mahārāja, accayo accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ, yaṃ tvaṃ pitaraṃ dhammikaṃ dhammarājānaṃ jīvitā voropesi. Yato ca kho tvaṃ, mahārāja, accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikarosi, taṃ te mayaṃ paṭiggaṇhāma. Vuddhihesā, mahārāja, ariyassa vinaye, yo accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikaroti, āyatiṃ saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī’’ti.
252緬 1.81已對照

如是說時,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世對世尊如此說:“尊者,現在我們要告辭了,我們事務繁忙,有許多應做的事。”“大王,現在請隨你認為適時[而做]吧。”於是,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世歡喜、隨喜世尊之所說,從座位起來,禮敬世尊,右繞之後離去。

. Evaṃ vutte, rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘handa ca dāni mayaṃ, bhante, gacchāma bahukiccā mayaṃ bahukaraṇīyā’’ti. ‘‘Yassadāni tvaṃ, mahārāja, kālaṃ maññasī’’ti. Atha kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
253PTS 1.86已對照

在摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世離去不久,世尊對比丘們說:“諸比丘,這位王已損傷了自己!諸比丘,這位王已毀傷了自己!諸比丘,假如這位王沒有剝奪如法的法王、他父親的生命,他就能在這個座位上生起遠塵離垢的法眼(dhammacakkhu)。”世尊如此說。那些比丘滿意、歡喜世尊之所說。

. Atha kho bhagavā acirapakkantassa rañño māgadhassa ajātasattussa vedehiputtassa bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘khatāyaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā. Upahatāyaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā. Sacāyaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā pitaraṃ dhammikaṃ dhammarājānaṃ jīvitā na voropessatha, imasmiññeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ uppajjissathā’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
已對照

第二《沙門果經》完。

Sāmaññaphalasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dutiyaṃ.
經末導讀 · 編者所加,非經文

人物名冊

世尊——時住王舍城耆婆芒果園,與一千二百五十位比丘共住。阿闍世王(Ajātasattu)——摩揭陀國王,韋提希子;為奪王位弒父,心懷悔懼,是本經的發問者。耆婆·童子醫(Jīvaka Komārabhacca)——名醫,王的侍從,引薦王往詣佛陀。六師——富蘭那·迦葉、末伽梨·拘舍梨、阿耆多·翅舍欽婆羅、婆浮陀·迦旃延、尼乾陀·若提子、刪闍耶·毘羅胝子,王曾遍問而不得其解。頻婆娑羅王(Bimbisāra)——王之亡父,如法的法王,於經末被追述。

地點與緣起

王舍城耆婆芒果園。布薩月圓之夜,王於高樓感嘆月夜清明,群臣各薦六師,唯耆婆薦佛。王乘象夜行,近園時因寂靜無聲而生疑懼,入園見僧團默然如澄湖,乃發問:世間百工皆有現前可見的職業果報,出家沙門行,能否指出同樣"現見的沙門果"?

結構脈絡

本經以"現見沙門果"一問貫穿始終,答案層層升進:先述六師舊答(六種學說,答非所問,"問芒果而答麵包果");次以奴僕出家、農夫出家二喻答第一、第二現見沙門果(出家者即刻獲得的人身敬護);再展開更勝妙的次第——如來出世、聞法出家、小中大戒具足、根律儀、念與正知、知足、舍斷五蓋(五喻:負債、疾病、牢獄、奴役、曠野)、初禪至第四禪(四喻:揉皂粉團、深潭湧泉、蓮池、白布覆身)、乃至八智(觀智、意所成神變智、神變智、天耳界智、他心智、宿住隨念智、天眼智、漏盡智),終至四聖諦現觀、諸漏解脫——"不受後有"。經末王自皈依、懺悔弒父之罪,佛言:若王未弒其父,即於此座當生遠塵離垢法眼。

中心思想

出家修行的果報不必等到來世——從出家即得的人身自由與敬護,到戒、定、慧、解脫,每一層都是"現生、當下"可以親見的果。與六師含混其辭相對照,佛陀給出的是一條次第分明、逐級可驗的完整道路。經末的轉折同時開顯業的嚴峻:弒父的無間業障蔽了王本可現證的法眼——果報現見,障道亦現見。

關鍵術語

現見沙門果(sandiṭṭhikaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ):現生當下可親見的出家果報,全經之眼。戒蘊(sīlakkhandha):小戒、中戒、大戒三節,本品(戒蘊品)因之得名。五蓋(pañca nīvaraṇā):貪欲、瞋恚、昏沉睡眠、掉舉追悔、疑,舍斷而後得定。八智:自觀智至漏盡智,依第四禪心之清淨柔軟而次第引發。無間業:弒父之業,即障聖道,經末之誡。

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