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增支部 · 八集·布薩品 Uposathavaggo

本經目錄五、布薩品一、略說布薩經二、詳說布薩經三、毗舍佉經四、婆私吒經五、菩闍經六、阿那律經七、第二毗舍佉經八、那拘羅母經九、第一此世經十、第二此世經布薩品第五。第一五十[經]完畢。

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五、布薩品

5. Uposathavaggo
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一、略說布薩經

1. Saṅkhittūposathasuttaṃ
41緬 3.79已對照

四十一、如是我聞——一時,世尊住在舍衛城祇樹林給孤獨園。在那裡,世尊召喚諸比丘:“諸比丘。”“尊者。”那些比丘應諾世尊。世尊這樣說——

41. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
PTS 4.249已對照

“諸比丘,所持的具足八支的布薩,有大果,有大功德,有大光輝,有大展布。諸比丘,具足八支的布薩如何持,才有大果,有大功德,有大光輝,有大展布呢?諸比丘,在此,聖弟子這樣思察:‘諸阿羅漢終身舍斷殺生,遠離殺生,放下棍棒,放下刀劍,有慚愧,具同情心,懷著利益、悲憫一切眾生生命之心而住;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷殺生,遠離殺生,放下棍棒,放下刀劍,有慚愧,具同情心,懷著利益、悲憫一切眾生生命之心而住。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。’他具足這第一支。

‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato, bhikkhave, uposatho upavuttho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro. Kathaṃ upavuttho ca, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yāvajīvaṃ arahanto pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā nihitadaṇḍā nihitasatthā lajjī dayāpannā, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampino viharanti. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharāmi. Imināpaṅgena [imināpi aṅgena (sī. pī.) a. ni. 3.71] arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā paṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti.
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“‘諸阿羅漢終身舍斷不與取,遠離不與取,只取所與,只期待所與,以非盜賊、清淨的自身而住;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷不與取,遠離不與取,只取所與,只期待所與,以非盜賊、清淨的自身而住。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。’他具足這第二支。

‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭiviratā dinnādāyī dinnapāṭikaṅkhī, athenena sucibhūtena attanā viharanti. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭivirato dinnādāyī dinnapāṭikaṅkhī, athenena sucibhūtena attanā viharāmi. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā dutiyena aṅgena samannāgato hoti.
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“‘諸阿羅漢終身舍斷非梵行,是梵行者,遠行[於非梵行之外],遠離在俗之法——淫慾;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷非梵行,是梵行者,遠行[於非梵行之外],遠離在俗之法——淫慾。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。’他具足這第三支。

‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto abrahmacariyaṃ pahāya brahmacārino ārācārino viratā methunā gāmadhammā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ abrahmacariyaṃ pahāya brahmacārī ārācārī [anācārī (ka.)] virato methunā gāmadhammā. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā tatiyena aṅgena samannāgato hoti.
PTS 4.250緬 3.80已對照

“‘諸阿羅漢終身舍斷妄語,遠離妄語,是說真實語者、以真實連結真實者、堅定者、可信賴者、不欺世間者;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷妄語,遠離妄語,是說真實語者、以真實連結真實者、堅定者、可信賴者、不欺世間者。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。’他具足這第四支。

‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭiviratā saccavādino saccasandhā thetā paccayikā avisaṃvādako lokassa. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭivirato saccavādī saccasandho theto paccayiko avisaṃvādako lokassa. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā catutthena aṅgena samannāgato hoti.
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“‘諸阿羅漢終身舍斷[導致]放逸之因的谷酒、花果酒[等]酒類,遠離[導致]放逸之因的谷酒、花果酒[等]酒類;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷[導致]放逸之因的谷酒、花果酒[等]酒類,遠離[導致]放逸之因的谷酒、花果酒[等]酒類。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。’他具足這第五支。

‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā pañcamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti.
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“‘諸阿羅漢終身是一食者、止於[非]夜食者、遠離非時食者;我今天這一夜、這一日也是一食者、止於[非]夜食者、遠離非時食者。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。’他具足這第六支。

‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto ekabhattikā rattūparatā viratā vikālabhojanā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ ekabhattiko rattūparato virato vikālabhojanā. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā chaṭṭhena aṅgena samannāgato hoti.
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“‘諸阿羅漢終身舍斷觀看歌舞奏樂等違逆之事、佩戴、裝飾、塗飾花鬘香料脂粉之處,遠離觀看歌舞奏樂等違逆之事、佩戴、裝飾、塗飾花鬘香料脂粉之處;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷觀看歌舞奏樂等違逆之事、佩戴、裝飾、塗飾花鬘香料脂粉之處,遠離觀看歌舞奏樂等違逆之事、佩戴、裝飾、塗飾花鬘香料脂粉之處。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。’他具足這第七支。

‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto naccagītavāditavisūkadassanamālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya naccagītavāditavisūkadassanamālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ naccagītavāditavisūkadassanamālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya naccagītavāditavisūkadassanamālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭivirato. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā sattamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti.
PTS 4.251緬 3.81已對照

“‘諸阿羅漢終身舍斷高床大床,遠離高床大床,以小床或草蓆為低臥;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷高床大床,遠離高床大床,以小床或草蓆為低臥。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。’他具足這第八支。諸比丘,如是所持的具足八支的布薩,有大果,有大功德,有大光輝,有大展布。”第一[經]。

‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭiviratā nīcaseyyaṃ kappenti – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato nīcaseyyaṃ kappemi – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā aṭṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti. Evaṃ upavuttho kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
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二、詳說布薩經

2. Vitthatūposathasuttaṃ
42PTS 4.252緬 3.82已對照

四十二、“諸比丘,所持的具足八支的布薩,有大果,有大功德,有大光輝,有大展布。諸比丘,具足八支的布薩如何持,才有大果,有大功德,有大光輝,有大展布呢?諸比丘,在此,聖弟子這樣思察:‘諸阿羅漢終身舍斷殺生,遠離殺生,放下棍棒,放下刀劍,有慚愧,具同情心,懷著利益、悲憫一切眾生生命之心而住;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷殺生,遠離殺生,放下棍棒,放下刀劍,有慚愧,具同情心,懷著利益、悲憫一切眾生生命之心而住。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。’他具足這第一支。……乃至……。

“‘諸阿羅漢終身舍斷高床大床,遠離高床大床,以小床或草蓆為低臥;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷高床大床,遠離高床大床,以小床或草蓆為低臥。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。’他具足這第八支。諸比丘,如是所持的具足八支的布薩,有大果,有大功德,有大光輝,有大展布。

“有多大的果、多大的功德、多大的光輝、多大的展布呢?諸比丘,猶如有人在這富有大量珍寶的十六大國以統治權與主權治理王國,即:鴦伽、摩揭陀、迦屍、憍薩羅、跋耆、末羅、遮提、槃伽、拘樓、般遮羅、末差、蘇羅西那、阿溼波、阿槃提、犍陀羅、劍浮沙,那也不值具足八支的布薩的十六分之一。這是什麼緣故呢?諸比丘,人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。

“諸比丘,人間的五十年,是四大王天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的五百年是四大王天諸天的壽量。諸比丘,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於四大王天諸天的同伴中。諸比丘,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“諸比丘,人間的一百年,是三十三天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的一千年是三十三天諸天的壽量。諸比丘,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於三十三天諸天的同伴中。諸比丘,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“諸比丘,人間的二百年,是夜摩天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的二千年是夜摩天諸天的壽量。諸比丘,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於夜摩天諸天的同伴中。諸比丘,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“諸比丘,人間的四百年,是兜率天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的四千年是兜率天諸天的壽量。諸比丘,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於兜率天諸天的同伴中。諸比丘,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“諸比丘,人間的八百年,是化樂天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的八千年是化樂天諸天的壽量。諸比丘,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於化樂天諸天的同伴中。諸比丘,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“諸比丘,人間的一千六百年,是他化自在天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的一萬六千年是他化自在天諸天的壽量。諸比丘,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於他化自在天諸天的同伴中。諸比丘,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“不應殺害生命,不應取不與,

不應說妄語,不應成飲酒者;

應遠離非梵行——淫慾,

夜間不應食,[不應食]非時之食。

“不應戴花鬘,不應用香,

應臥於床,或臥於地上的敷具;

這就是人們所說的八支布薩,

是到達苦之終結的佛陀所宣說的。

“月亮與太陽,兩者都美好可觀,

照耀著,巡行於[其所能及的]範圍;

它們驅除黑暗,行於空中,

在天空中發光,照耀諸方。

“在這[範圍]之內所有的財寶——

珍珠、摩尼、美好的琉璃,

赤金,或者山金,

以及被稱為‘蟻金’的金,

“它們連具八支的布薩的

十六分之一也不及,

如一切星群[不及]月光[的十六分之一]。

“因此,具戒的女人與男人,

持了具八支的布薩,

作了導致樂的諸福,

不受呵責,往生天界之處。”第二[經]。

42. ‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato, bhikkhave, uposatho upavuttho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro. Kathaṃ upavuttho ca, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yāvajīvaṃ arahanto pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā nihitadaṇḍā nihitasatthā lajjī dayāpannā, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampino viharanti. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharāmi. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā paṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti…pe….
‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭiviratā nīcaseyyaṃ kappenti – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato nīcaseyyaṃ kappemi – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā aṭṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti. Evaṃ upavuttho kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro.
‘‘Kīvamahapphalo hoti kīvamahānisaṃso kīvamahājutiko kīvamahāvipphāro? Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yo imesaṃ soḷasannaṃ mahājanapadānaṃ pahūtarattaratanānaṃ [pahūtasattaratanānaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) a. ni. 3.71 pāḷiyā ṭīkāyaṃ dassitapāḷiyeva. tadaṭṭhakathāpi passitabbā] issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreyya, seyyathidaṃ – aṅgānaṃ magadhānaṃ kāsīnaṃ kosalānaṃ vajjīnaṃ mallānaṃ cetīnaṃ vaṅgānaṃ kurūnaṃ pañcālānaṃ macchānaṃ [majjānaṃ (ka.)] sūrasenānaṃ assakānaṃ avantīnaṃ gandhārānaṃ kambojānaṃ, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatassa uposathassa etaṃ [ekaṃ (ka.)] kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasiṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Kapaṇaṃ, bhikkhave, mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya.
‘‘Yāni, bhikkhave, mānusakāni paññāsa vassāni, cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo [rattidivo (ka.)]. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni pañca vassasatāni cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
‘‘Yāni, bhikkhave, mānusakāni vassasatāni, tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbaṃ vassasahassaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
‘‘Yāni, bhikkhave, mānusakāni dve vassasatāni, yāmānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni dve vassasahassāni yāmānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā yāmānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
‘‘Yāni, bhikkhave, mānusakāni cattāri vassasatāni, tusitānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni cattāri vassasahassāni tusitānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tusitānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
‘‘Yāni, bhikkhave, mānusakāni aṭṭha vassasatāni, nimmānaratīnaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni aṭṭha vassasahassāni nimmānaratīnaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā nimmānaratīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
‘‘Yāni, bhikkhave, mānusakāni soḷasa vassasatāni, paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni soḷasa vassasahassāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāyā’’’ti.
‘‘Pāṇaṃ na haññe [hāne (sī.), hena (ka.) a. ni. 3.71] na cadinnamādiye,
Musā na bhāse na ca majjapo siyā;
Abrahmacariyā virameyya methunā,
Rattiṃ na bhuñjeyya vikālabhojanaṃ.
‘‘Mālaṃ na dhāre na ca gandhamācare [gandhamādhare (ka.)],
Mañce chamāyaṃ va sayetha santhate;
Etañhi aṭṭhaṅgikamāhuposathaṃ,
Buddhena dukkhantagunā pakāsitaṃ.
‘‘Cando ca suriyo ca ubho sudassanā,
Obhāsayaṃ anupariyanti yāvatā;
Tamonudā te pana antalikkhagā,
Nabhe pabhāsanti disāvirocanā.
‘‘Etasmiṃ yaṃ vijjati antare dhanaṃ,
Muttā maṇi veḷuriyañca bhaddakaṃ;
Siṅgīsuvaṇṇaṃ atha vāpi kañcanaṃ,
Yaṃ jātarūpaṃ haṭakanti vuccati.
‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgupetassa uposathassa,
Kalampi te nānubhavanti soḷasiṃ;
Candappabhā tāragaṇā ca sabbe.
‘‘Tasmā hi nārī ca naro ca sīlavā,
Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṃ upavassuposathaṃ;
Puññāni katvāna sukhudrayāni,
Aninditā saggamupenti ṭhāna’’nti. dutiyaṃ;
已對照

三、毗舍佉經

3. Visākhāsuttaṃ
43PTS 4.256緬 3.85已對照

四十三、一時,世尊住在舍衛城東園鹿子母講堂。那時,毗舍佉鹿子母(Visākhā Migāramātā)來到世尊之處;到了之後,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。世尊對坐在一旁的毗舍佉鹿子母這樣說——“毗舍佉,所持的具足八支的布薩,有大果,有大功德,有大光輝,有大展布。毗舍佉,具足八支的布薩如何持,才有大果,有大功德,有大光輝,有大展布呢?毗舍佉,在此,聖弟子這樣思察:‘諸阿羅漢終身舍斷殺生,遠離殺生,放下棍棒,放下刀劍,有慚愧,具同情心,懷著利益、悲憫一切眾生生命之心而住;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷殺生,遠離殺生,放下棍棒,放下刀劍,有慚愧,具同情心,懷著利益、悲憫一切眾生生命之心而住。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。’他具足這第一支。……乃至……。

“‘諸阿羅漢終身舍斷高床大床,遠離高床大床,以小床或草蓆為低臥;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷高床大床,遠離高床大床,以小床或草蓆為低臥。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。’他具足這第八支。毗舍佉,如是所持的具足八支的布薩,有大果,有大功德,有大光輝,有大展布。

“有多大的果、多大的功德、多大的光輝、多大的展布呢?毗舍佉,猶如有人在這富有大量珍寶的十六大國以統治權與主權治理王國,即:鴦伽、摩揭陀、迦屍、憍薩羅、跋耆、末羅、遮提、槃伽、拘樓、般遮羅、末差、蘇羅西那、阿溼波、阿槃提、犍陀羅、劍浮沙,那也不值具足八支的布薩的十六分之一。這是什麼緣故呢?毗舍佉,人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。

“毗舍佉,人間的五十年,是四大王天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的五百年是四大王天諸天的壽量。毗舍佉,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於四大王天諸天的同伴中。毗舍佉,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“毗舍佉,人間的一百年,是三十三天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,一千年是三十三天諸天的壽量。毗舍佉,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於三十三天諸天的同伴中。毗舍佉,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“毗舍佉,人間的二百年……乃至……四百年……乃至……八百年……乃至……一千六百年,是他化自在天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的一萬六千年是他化自在天諸天的壽量。毗舍佉,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於他化自在天諸天的同伴中。毗舍佉,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“不應殺害生命,不應取不與,

不應說妄語,不應成飲酒者;

應遠離非梵行——淫慾,

夜間不應食,[不應食]非時之食。

“不應戴花鬘,不應用香,

應臥於床,或臥於地上的敷具;

這就是人們所說的八支布薩,

是到達苦之終結的佛陀所宣說的。

“月亮與太陽,兩者都美好可觀,

照耀著,巡行於[其所能及的]範圍;

它們驅除黑暗,行於空中,

在天空中發光,照耀諸方。

“在這[範圍]之內所有的財寶——

珍珠、摩尼、美好的琉璃,

赤金,或者山金,

以及被稱為‘蟻金’的金,

“它們連具八支的布薩的

十六分之一也不及,

如一切星群[不及]月光[的十六分之一]。

“因此,具戒的女人與男人,

持了具八支的布薩,

作了導致樂的諸福,

不受呵責,往生天界之處。”第三[經]。

43. [a. ni. 3.71] Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Atha kho visākhā migāramātā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho visākhaṃ migāramātaraṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato kho, visākhe, uposatho upavuttho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro. Kathaṃ upavuttho ca, visākhe, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yāvajīvaṃ arahanto pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā nihitadaṇḍā nihitasatthā lajjī dayāpannā, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampino viharanti. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharāmi. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’’’ti. Iminā paṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti…pe….
‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭiviratā nīcaseyyaṃ kappenti – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato nīcaseyyaṃ kappemi – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā aṭṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti. Evaṃ upavuttho kho, visākhe, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro.
‘‘Kīvamahapphalo hoti, kīvamahānisaṃso, kīvamahājutiko, kīvamahāvipphāro? Seyyathāpi, visākhe, yo imesaṃ soḷasannaṃ mahājanapadānaṃ pahūtarattaratanānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreyya, seyyathidaṃ – aṅgānaṃ magadhānaṃ kāsīnaṃ kosalānaṃ vajjīnaṃ mallānaṃ cetīnaṃ vaṅgānaṃ kurūnaṃ pañcālānaṃ macchānaṃ sūrasenānaṃ assakānaṃ avantīnaṃ gandhārānaṃ kambojānaṃ, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatassa uposathassa etaṃ kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasiṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Kapaṇaṃ, visākhe, mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya.
‘‘Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni paññāsa vassāni, cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni pañca vassasatāni cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
‘‘Yaṃ, visākhe, mānusakaṃ vassasataṃ, tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena vassasahassaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
‘‘Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni dve vassasatāni…pe… cattāri vassasatāni…pe… aṭṭha vassasatāni…pe… soḷasa vassasatāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni soḷasa vassasahassāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāyā’’’ti.
‘‘Pāṇaṃ na haññe na cadinnamādiye,
Musā na bhāse na ca majjapo siyā;
Abrahmacariyā virameyya methunā,
Rattiṃ na bhuñjeyya vikālabhojanaṃ.
‘‘Mālaṃ na dhāre na ca gandhamācare,
Mañce chamāyaṃ va sayetha santhate;
Etañhi aṭṭhaṅgikamāhuposathaṃ,
Buddhena dukkhantagunā pakāsitaṃ.
‘‘Cando ca suriyo ca ubho sudassanā,
Obhāsayaṃ anupariyanti yāvatā;
Tamonudā te pana antalikkhagā,
Nabhe pabhāsanti disāvirocanā.
‘‘Etasmiṃ yaṃ vijjati antare dhanaṃ,
Muttā maṇi veḷuriyañca bhaddakaṃ;
Siṅgīsuvaṇṇaṃ atha vāpi kañcanaṃ,
Yaṃ jātarūpaṃ haṭakanti vuccati.
‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgupetassa uposathassa,
Kalampi te nānubhavanti soḷasiṃ;
Candappabhā tāragaṇā ca sabbe.
‘‘Tasmā hi nārī ca naro ca sīlavā,
Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṃ upavassuposathaṃ;
Puññāni katvāna sukhudrayāni,
Aninditā saggamupenti ṭhāna’’nti. tatiyaṃ;
已對照

四、婆私吒經

4. Vāseṭṭhasuttaṃ
44已對照

四十四、一時,世尊住在毘舍離大林重閣講堂。那時,婆私吒優婆塞(Vāseṭṭha)來到世尊之處;到了之後,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。世尊對坐在一旁的婆私吒優婆塞這樣說——“婆私吒,所持的具足八支的布薩,有大果……乃至……不受呵責,往生天界之處。”

44. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Atha kho vāseṭṭho upāsako yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho vāseṭṭhaṃ upāsakaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato, vāseṭṭha, uposatho upavuttho mahapphalo hoti…pe… aninditā saggamupenti ṭhāna’’nti.
PTS 4.259已對照

這樣說時,婆私吒優婆塞對世尊這樣說——“尊者,我所愛的親族血親若持具足八支的布薩,那對我所愛的親族血親也將長久帶來利益與安樂。尊者,一切剎帝利若持具足八支的布薩,那對一切剎帝利也將長久帶來利益與安樂。尊者,一切婆羅門……乃至……吠舍……首陀羅若持具足八支的布薩,那對一切首陀羅也將長久帶來利益與安樂。”

Evaṃ vutte vāseṭṭho upāsako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘piyā me, bhante, ñātisālohitā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavaseyyuṃ, piyānampi me assa ñātisālohitānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya. Sabbe cepi, bhante, khattiyā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavaseyyuṃ, sabbesampissa khattiyānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya. Sabbe cepi, bhante, brāhmaṇā…pe… vessā … suddā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavaseyyuṃ, sabbesampissa suddānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti.
緬 3.88已對照

“婆私吒,正是這樣;婆私吒,正是這樣!婆私吒,一切剎帝利若持具足八支的布薩,那對一切剎帝利也將長久帶來利益與安樂。婆私吒,一切婆羅門……乃至……吠舍……首陀羅若持具足八支的布薩,那對一切首陀羅也將長久帶來利益與安樂。婆私吒,這個有諸天、魔、梵天的世間,以及有沙門、婆羅門、諸天與人的人眾,若持具足八支的布薩,那對這個有諸天、魔、梵天的世間,以及有沙門、婆羅門、諸天與人的人眾,也將長久帶來利益與安樂。婆私吒,這些大娑羅樹若[有心而]持具足八支的布薩,那對這些大娑羅樹也將長久帶來利益與安樂。何況身為人者呢!”第四[經]。

‘‘Evametaṃ, vāseṭṭha, evametaṃ, vāseṭṭha! Sabbe cepi, vāseṭṭha, khattiyā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavaseyyuṃ, sabbesampissa khattiyānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya. Sabbe cepi, vāseṭṭha, brāhmaṇā…pe… vessā… suddā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavaseyyuṃ, sabbesampissa suddānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya. Sadevako cepi, vāseṭṭha, loko samārako sabrahmako sassamaṇabrāhmaṇī pajā sadevamanussā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavaseyyuṃ [upavaseyya (?)], sadevakassapissa [sadevakassa (sabbattha) a. ni. 4.193; ma. ni. 3.64 passitabbaṃ] lokassa samārakassa sabrahmakassa sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya. Ime cepi, vāseṭṭha, mahāsālā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavaseyyuṃ, imesampissa mahāsālānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya ( ) [(sace ceteyyuṃ) katthaci atthi. a. ni. 4.193 passitabbaṃ]. Ko pana vādo manussabhūtassā’’ti! Catutthaṃ.
已對照

五、菩闍經

5. Bojjhasuttaṃ
45PTS 4.260緬 3.89已對照

四十五、一時,世尊住在舍衛城祇樹林給孤獨園。那時,菩闍優婆夷(Bojjhā)來到世尊之處;到了之後,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。世尊對坐在一旁的菩闍優婆夷這樣說——

“菩闍,所持的具足八支的布薩,有大果,有大功德,有大光輝,有大展布。菩闍,具足八支的布薩如何持,才有大果,有大功德,有大光輝,有大展布呢?菩闍,在此,聖弟子這樣思察:‘諸阿羅漢終身舍斷殺生,遠離殺生,放下棍棒,放下刀劍,有慚愧,具同情心,懷著利益、悲憫一切眾生生命之心而住;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷殺生,遠離殺生,放下棍棒,放下刀劍,有慚愧,具同情心,懷著利益、悲憫一切眾生生命之心而住。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。’他具足這第一支。……乃至……。

“‘諸阿羅漢終身舍斷高床大床,遠離高床大床,以小床或草蓆為低臥;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷高床大床,遠離高床大床,以小床或草蓆為低臥。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。’他具足這第八支。菩闍,如是所持的具足八支的布薩,有大果,有大功德,有大光輝,有大展布。

“有多大的果、多大的功德、多大的光輝、多大的展布呢?菩闍,猶如有人在這富有大量珍寶的十六大國以統治權與主權治理王國,即:鴦伽、摩揭陀、迦屍、憍薩羅、跋耆、末羅、遮提、槃伽、拘樓、般遮羅、末差、蘇羅西那、阿溼波、阿槃提、犍陀羅、劍浮沙,那也不值具足八支的布薩的十六分之一。這是什麼緣故呢?菩闍,人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。

“菩闍,人間的五十年,是四大王天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的五百年是四大王天諸天的壽量。菩闍,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於四大王天諸天的同伴中。菩闍,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“菩闍,人間的一百年……乃至……菩闍,人間的二百年……乃至……四百年……乃至……八百年……乃至……一千六百年,是他化自在天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的一萬六千年是他化自在天諸天的壽量。菩闍,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於他化自在天諸天的同伴中。菩闍,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“不應殺害生命,不應取不與,

不應說妄語,不應成飲酒者;

應遠離非梵行——淫慾,

夜間不應食,[不應食]非時之食。

“不應戴花鬘,不應用香,

應臥於床,或臥於地上的敷具;

這就是人們所說的八支布薩,

是到達苦之終結的佛陀所宣說的。

“月亮與太陽,兩者都美好可觀,

照耀著,巡行於[其所能及的]範圍;

它們驅除黑暗,行於空中,

在天空中發光,照耀諸方。

“在這[範圍]之內所有的財寶——

珍珠、摩尼、美好的琉璃,

赤金,或者山金,

以及被稱為‘蟻金’的金,

“它們連具八支的布薩的

十六分之一也不及,

如一切星群[不及]月光[的十六分之一]。

“因此,具戒的女人與男人,

持了具八支的布薩,

作了導致樂的諸福,

不受呵責,往生天界之處。”第五[經]。

45. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho bojjhā upāsikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho bojjhaṃ upāsikaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato, bojjhe, uposatho upavuttho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro. Kathaṃ upavuttho ca, bojjhe, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro? Idha, bojjhe, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yāvajīvaṃ arahanto pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā nihitadaṇḍā nihitasatthā lajjī dayāpannā, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampino viharanti. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharāmi. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā paṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti…pe….
‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭiviratā nīcaseyyaṃ kappenti – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato nīcaseyyaṃ kappemi – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā aṭṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti. Evaṃ upavuttho kho, bojjhe, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro.
‘‘Kīvamahapphalo hoti, kīvamahānisaṃso, kīvamahājutiko, kīvamahāvipphāro? Seyyathāpi, bojjhe, yo imesaṃ soḷasannaṃ mahājanapadānaṃ pahūtarattaratanānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreyya, seyyathidaṃ – aṅgānaṃ magadhānaṃ kāsīnaṃ kosalānaṃ vajjīnaṃ mallānaṃ cetīnaṃ vaṅgānaṃ kurūnaṃ pañcālānaṃ macchānaṃ sūrasenānaṃ assakānaṃ avantīnaṃ gandhārānaṃ kambojānaṃ, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatassa uposathassa etaṃ kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasiṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Kapaṇaṃ, bojjhe, mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya.
‘‘Yāni, bojjhe, mānusakāni paññāsa vassāni, cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni pañca vassasatāni cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bojjhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bojjhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
‘‘Yaṃ, bojjhe, mānusakaṃ vassasataṃ…pe… tāni, bojjhe, mānusakāni dve vassasatāni…pe… cattāri vassasatāni…pe… aṭṭha vassasatāni…pe… soḷasa vassasatāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni soḷasa vassasahassāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bojjhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bojjhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāyā’’’ti.
‘‘Pāṇaṃ na haññe na cadinnamādiye,
Musā na bhāse na ca majjapo siyā;
Abrahmacariyā virameyya methunā,
Rattiṃ na bhuñjeyya vikālabhojanaṃ.
‘‘Mālaṃ na dhāre na ca gandhamācare,
Mañce chamāyaṃ va sayetha santhate;
Etañhi aṭṭhaṅgikamāhuposathaṃ,
Buddhena dukkhantagunā pakāsitaṃ.
‘‘Cando ca suriyo ca ubho sudassanā,
Obhāsayaṃ anupariyanti yāvatā;
Tamonudā te pana antalikkhagā,
Nabhe pabhāsanti disāvirocanā.
‘‘Etasmiṃ yaṃ vijjati antare dhanaṃ,
Muttā maṇi veḷuriyañca bhaddakaṃ;
Siṅgīsuvaṇṇaṃ atha vāpi kañcanaṃ,
Yaṃ jātarūpaṃ haṭakanti vuccati.
‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgupetassa uposathassa,
Kalampi te nānubhavanti soḷasiṃ;
Candappabhā tāragaṇā ca sabbe.
‘‘Tasmā hi nārī ca naro ca sīlavā,
Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṃ upavassuposathaṃ;
Puññāni katvāna sukhudrayāni,
Aninditā saggamupenti ṭhāna’’nti. pañcamaṃ;
已對照

六、阿那律經

6. Anuruddhasuttaṃ
46PTS 4.263緬 3.91已對照

四十六、一時,世尊住在憍賞彌瞿師羅園。那時,具壽阿那律已去度日間,正獨處靜坐。於是,許多悅意身天(manāpakāyika)的天女來到具壽阿那律之處;到了之後,禮敬具壽阿那律,站在一旁。站在一旁的那些天女對具壽阿那律這樣說——“阿那律尊者,我們是名為悅意身天的天女,在三處上行使主權、施行自在。阿那律尊者,我們想要怎樣的容色,就即刻得到那樣的容色;想要怎樣的聲音,就即刻得到那樣的聲音;想要怎樣的樂,就即刻得到那樣的樂。阿那律尊者,我們是名為悅意身天的天女,在這三處上行使主權、施行自在。”

於是,具壽阿那律這樣想:“啊,願這些天女全都是青色的——青的容色、青的衣服、青的裝飾!”於是,那些天女知道了具壽阿那律的心意,全都成為青色的——青的容色、青的衣服、青的裝飾。

於是,具壽阿那律這樣想:“啊,願這些天女全都是黃色的……乃至……全都是赤色的……全都是白色的——白的容色、白的衣服、白的裝飾!”於是,那些天女知道了具壽阿那律的心意,全都成為白色的——白的容色、白的衣服、白的裝飾。

於是,那些天女,一位唱歌,一位跳舞,一位擊掌。猶如具五支的樂器善加調校、善加試音,由善巧者善加合奏,其聲美妙、令人悅樂、令人愛樂、可愛、令人陶醉;同樣地,那些天女的裝飾之聲美妙、令人悅樂、令人愛樂、可愛、令人陶醉。於是,具壽阿那律收攝了諸根。

於是,那些天女[想]:“聖者阿那律不接受[這些]。”便就在那裡隱沒了。於是,具壽阿那律於傍晚時分從靜坐起身,來到世尊之處;到了之後,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的具壽阿那律對世尊這樣說——

“尊者,在此,我已去度日間,正獨處靜坐。尊者,於是,許多悅意身天的天女來到我之處;到了之後,禮敬我,站在一旁。尊者,站在一旁的那些天女對我這樣說——‘阿那律尊者,我們是名為悅意身天的天女,在三處上行使主權、施行自在。阿那律尊者,我們想要怎樣的容色,就即刻得到那樣的容色;想要怎樣的聲音,就即刻得到那樣的聲音;想要怎樣的樂,就即刻得到那樣的樂。阿那律尊者,我們是名為悅意身天的天女,在這三處上行使主權、施行自在。’尊者,於是我這樣想:‘啊,願這些天女全都是青色的——青的容色、青的衣服、青的裝飾!’尊者,於是,那些天女知道了我的心意,全都成為青色的——青的容色、青的衣服、青的裝飾。

“尊者,於是我這樣想:‘啊,願這些天女全都是黃色的……乃至……全都是赤色的……乃至……全都是白色的——白的容色、白的衣服、白的裝飾!’尊者,於是,那些天女知道了我的心意,全都成為白色的——白的容色、白的衣服、白的裝飾。

“尊者,於是,那些天女,一位唱歌,一位跳舞,一位擊掌。猶如具五支的樂器善加調校、善加試音,由善巧者善加合奏,其聲美妙、令人悅樂、令人愛樂、可愛、令人陶醉;同樣地,那些天女的裝飾之聲美妙、令人悅樂、令人愛樂、可愛、令人陶醉。尊者,於是我收攝了諸根。

“尊者,於是,那些天女[想]:‘聖者阿那律不接受[這些]。’便就在那裡隱沒了。尊者,具足多少法的女人,身壞命終之後,投生於悅意身天諸天的同伴中呢?”

“阿那律,具足八種法的女人,身壞命終之後,投生於悅意身天諸天的同伴中。具足哪八種[法]呢?阿那律,在此,父母求[她的]利益、求[她的]福祉、憐憫[她],出於憐憫而把[她]給與哪位丈夫,她就對他先起、後臥,凡有所命必順從,行止可意,言語可愛。

“凡是丈夫所尊重的人——母親、父親或沙門、婆羅門,她恭敬他們、尊重他們、尊敬他們、供養他們;他們來到時,她以座位與[洗足]水禮遇他們。

“丈夫家中的那些內務——或羊毛[活],或棉[活],她於其中熟練、不懶惰,具足於其中[適宜]方法的審察,足以親自去做,足以安排[他人去做]。

“丈夫家中的那些內部人員——或奴僕、或差役、或傭工,她知道他們已作的是已作,未作的是未作;知道病者的強弱;把嚼食、啖食按各自應得之分分配給他們。

“丈夫帶回來的錢財、穀物或金,她以看管、守護來保全它,並且對此她不浪蕩、不偷盜、不嗜酒、不敗家。

“她又是優婆夷,已皈依佛、已皈依法、已皈依僧。

“她又是具戒者——遠離殺生,遠離不與取,遠離欲邪行,遠離虛妄語,遠離[導致]放逸之因的谷酒、花果酒[等]酒類。

“她又是有施捨者,以離了慳垢的心居家,施捨無所保留、手常潔淨、樂於捨棄、堪受人乞求、樂於布施與分享。

“阿那律,具足這八種法的女人,身壞命終之後,投生於悅意身天諸天的同伴中。”

“那總是養育她、常熱勤而勤奮的人,

那給與一切所欲的男人——[她]不輕視[這]丈夫。

“賢良的妻子也不以嫉妒之語激怒丈夫;

智慧的[她]禮敬丈夫一切所尊重者。

“勤奮而不懶惰,善攝[家中]眷屬,

她行丈夫所可意的,守護所積聚的[財物]。

“凡如是行持的女人,隨順丈夫的意願,

她所投生之處,是名為‘悅意’的諸天。”第六[經]。

46. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosambiyaṃ viharati ghositārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā anuruddho divāvihāraṃ gato hoti paṭisallīno. Atha kho sambahulā manāpakāyikā devatā yenāyasmā anuruddho tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho tā devatā āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘mayaṃ, bhante anuruddha, manāpakāyikā nāma devatā tīsu ṭhānesu issariyaṃ kārema vasaṃ vattema. Mayaṃ, bhante anuruddha, yādisakaṃ vaṇṇaṃ ākaṅkhāma tādisakaṃ vaṇṇaṃ ṭhānaso paṭilabhāma; yādisakaṃ saraṃ ākaṅkhāma tādisakaṃ saraṃ ṭhānaso paṭilabhāma; yādisakaṃ sukhaṃ ākaṅkhāma tādisakaṃ sukhaṃ ṭhānaso paṭilabhāma. Mayaṃ, bhante anuruddha, manāpakāyikā nāma devatā imesu tīsu ṭhānesu issariyaṃ kārema vasaṃ vattemā’’ti.
Atha kho āyasmato anuruddhassa etadahosi – ‘‘aho vatimā devatā sabbāva nīlā assu nīlavaṇṇā nīlavatthā nīlālaṅkārā’’ti. Atha kho tā devatā āyasmato anuruddhassa cittamaññāya sabbāva nīlā ahesuṃ nīlavaṇṇā nīlavatthā nīlālaṅkārā.
Atha kho āyasmato anuruddhassa etadahosi – ‘‘aho vatimā devatā sabbāva pītā assu…pe… sabbāva lohitakā assu… sabbāva odātā assu odātavaṇṇā odātavatthā odātālaṅkārā’’ti. Atha kho tā devatā āyasmato anuruddhassa cittamaññāya sabbāva odātā ahesuṃ odātavaṇṇā odātavatthā odātālaṅkārā.
Atha kho tā devatā ekā ca [ko (sī.), ekāva (syā. pī.)] gāyi ekā ca [ekā pana (sī.), ekāva (syā. pī.)] nacci ekā ca [ekā (sī.), ekāva (syā. pī.)] accharaṃ vādesi. Seyyathāpi nāma pañcaṅgikassa tūriyassa [turiyassa (sī. syā. pī.)] suvinītassa suppaṭipatāḷitassa kusalehi susamannāhatassa saddo hoti vaggu ca rajanīyo ca kamanīyo ca pemanīyo ca madanīyo ca; evamevaṃ tāsaṃ devatānaṃ alaṅkārānaṃ saddo hoti vaggu ca rajanīyo ca kamanīyo ca pemanīyo ca madanīyo ca. Atha kho āyasmā anuruddho indriyāni okkhipi.
Atha kho tā devatā ‘‘na khvayyo anuruddho sādiyatī’’ti [sādayatīti (saddanītidhātumālā)] tatthevantaradhāyiṃsu. Atha kho āyasmā anuruddho sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā anuruddho bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
‘‘Idhāhaṃ, bhante, divāvihāraṃ gato homi paṭisallīno. Atha kho, bhante, sambahulā manāpakāyikā devatā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, bhante, tā devatā maṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘mayaṃ, bhante anuruddha, manāpakāyikā nāma devatā tīsu ṭhānesu issariyaṃ kārema vasaṃ vattema. Mayaṃ, bhante anuruddha, yādisakaṃ vaṇṇaṃ ākaṅkhāma tādisakaṃ vaṇṇaṃ ṭhānaso paṭilabhāma; yādisakaṃ saraṃ ākaṅkhāma tādisakaṃ saraṃ ṭhānaso paṭilabhāma; yādisakaṃ sukhaṃ ākaṅkhāma tādisakaṃ sukhaṃ ṭhānaso paṭilabhāma. Mayaṃ, bhante anuruddha, manāpakāyikā nāma devatā imesu tīsu ṭhānesu issariyaṃ kārema vasaṃ vattemā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘aho vatimā devatā sabbāva nīlā assu nīlavaṇṇā nīlavatthā nīlālaṅkārā’ti. Atha kho, bhante, tā devatā mama cittamaññāya sabbāva nīlā ahesuṃ nīlavaṇṇā nīlavatthā nīlālaṅkārā.
‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘aho vatimā devatā sabbāva pītā assu…pe… sabbāva lohitakā assu…pe… sabbāva odātā assu odātavaṇṇā odātavatthā odātālaṅkārā’ti. Atha kho, bhante, tā devatā mama cittamaññāya sabbāva odātā ahesuṃ odātavaṇṇā odātavatthā odātālaṅkārā.
‘‘Atha kho, bhante, tā devatā ekā ca gāyi ekā ca nacci ekā ca accharaṃ vādesi. Seyyathāpi nāma pañcaṅgikassa tūriyassa suvinītassa suppaṭipatāḷitassa kusalehi susamannāhatassa saddo hoti vaggu ca rajanīyo ca kamanīyo ca pemanīyo ca madanīyo ca; evamevaṃ tāsaṃ devatānaṃ alaṅkārānaṃ saddo hoti vaggu ca rajanīyo ca kamanīyo ca pemanīyo ca madanīyo ca. Atha khvāhaṃ, bhante, indriyāni okkhipiṃ.
‘‘Atha kho, bhante, tā devatā ‘na khvayyo anuruddho sādiyatī’ti tatthevantaradhāyiṃsu. Katihi nu kho, bhante, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manāpakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti?
‘‘Aṭṭhahi kho, anuruddha, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manāpakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, anuruddha, mātugāmo yassa mātāpitaro bhattuno denti atthakāmā hitesino anukampakā anukampaṃ upādāya tassa hoti pubbuṭṭhāyinī pacchānipātinī kiṅkārapaṭissāvinī manāpacārinī piyavādinī.
‘‘Ye te bhattu garuno [guruno (ka.)] honti – mātāti vā pitāti vā samaṇabrāhmaṇāti vā – te sakkaroti, garuṃ karoti [garukaroti (sī. syā. pī.)], māneti, pūjeti, abbhāgate ca āsanodakena paṭipūjeti.
‘‘Ye te bhattu abbhantarā kammantā – uṇṇāti vā kappāsāti vā – tattha dakkhā hoti analasā tatrupāyāya [tatrūpāyāya (sī.), a. ni. 4.35; 11.14] vīmaṃsāya samannāgatā alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ.
‘‘Yo so bhattu abbhantaro antojano – dāsāti vā pessāti vā kammakarāti vā – tesaṃ katañca katato jānāti akatañca akatato jānāti, gilānakānañca balābalaṃ jānāti khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyañcassa paccaṃsena [paccayena (syā.), paccattaṃsena (ka.) a. ni. 5.33] saṃvibhajati.
‘‘Yaṃ bhattu āharati dhanaṃ vā dhaññaṃ vā jātarūpaṃ vā taṃ ārakkhena guttiyā sampādeti, tattha ca hoti adhuttī athenī asoṇḍī avināsikā.
‘‘Upāsikā kho pana hoti buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā.
‘‘Sīlavatī kho pana hoti – pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā, adinnādānā paṭiviratā, kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā, musāvādā paṭiviratā, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā.
‘‘Cāgavatī kho pana hoti. Vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgā [muttacāgī (syā.)] payatapāṇinī [payatapāṇi (sī.), payatapāṇī (syā. pī. ka.)] vossaggaratā yācayogā dānasaṃvibhāgaratā.
‘‘Imehi kho, anuruddha, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manāpakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti.
‘‘Yo naṃ bharati sabbadā, niccaṃ ātāpi ussuko;
Taṃ sabbakāmadaṃ [taṃ sabbakāmaharaṃ (sī. syā. pī.) sabbakāmaharaṃ (a. ni. 5.33] posaṃ, bhattāraṃ nātimaññati.
‘‘Na cāpi sotthi bhattāraṃ, issāvādena rosaye;
Bhattu ca garuno sabbe, paṭipūjeti paṇḍitā.
‘‘Uṭṭhāhikā [uṭṭhāyikā (ka.)] analasā, saṅgahitaparijjanā;
Bhattu manāpaṃ carati, sambhataṃ anurakkhati.
‘‘Yā evaṃ vattati nārī, bhattu chandavasānugā;
Manāpā nāma te [manāpakāyikā (sī. ka.)] devā, yattha sā upapajjatī’’ti. chaṭṭhaṃ;
已對照

七、第二毗舍佉經

7. Dutiyavisākhāsuttaṃ
47PTS 4.267已對照

四十七、一時,世尊住在舍衛城東園鹿子母講堂。那時,毗舍佉鹿子母……乃至……世尊對坐在一旁的毗舍佉鹿子母這樣說——

47. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Atha kho visākhā migāramātā…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho visākhaṃ migāramātaraṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
已對照

“毗舍佉,具足八種法的女人,身壞命終之後,投生於悅意身天諸天的同伴中。具足哪八種[法]呢?毗舍佉,在此,父母求[她的]利益、求[她的]福祉、憐憫[她],出於憐憫而把[她]給與哪位丈夫,她就對他先起、後臥,凡有所命必順從,行止可意,言語可愛。……乃至……。

‘‘Aṭṭhahi kho, visākhe, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manāpakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo yassa mātāpitaro bhattuno denti atthakāmā hitesino anukampakā anukampaṃ upādāya tassa hoti pubbuṭṭhāyinī pacchānipātinī kiṅkārapaṭissāvinī manāpacārinī piyavādinī…pe….
已對照

“她又是有施捨者,以離了慳垢的心居家,施捨無所保留、手常潔淨、樂於捨棄、堪受人乞求、樂於布施與分享。毗舍佉,具足這八種法的女人,身壞命終之後,投生於悅意身天諸天的同伴中。”

‘‘Cāgavatī kho pana hoti. Vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgā payatapāṇinī vossaggaratā yācayogā dānasaṃvibhāgaratā. Imehi kho, visākhe, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manāpakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti.
已對照

“那總是養育她、常熱勤而勤奮的人,

‘‘Yo naṃ bharati sabbadā, niccaṃ ātāpi ussuko;
已對照

那給與一切所欲的男人——[她]不輕視[這]丈夫。

Taṃ sabbakāmadaṃ posaṃ, bhattāraṃ nātimaññati.
緬 3.95已對照

“賢良的妻子也不以嫉妒之語激怒丈夫;

‘‘Na cāpi sotthi bhattāraṃ, issāvādena rosaye;
已對照

智慧的[她]禮敬丈夫一切所尊重者。

Bhattu ca garuno sabbe, paṭipūjeti paṇḍitā.
已對照

“勤奮而不懶惰,善攝[家中]眷屬,

‘‘Uṭṭhāhikā analasā, saṅgahitaparijjanā;
已對照

她行丈夫所可意的,守護所積聚的[財物]。

Bhattu manāpaṃ carati, sambhataṃ anurakkhati.
已對照

“凡如是行持的女人,隨順丈夫的意願,

‘‘Yā evaṃ vattati nārī, bhattu chandavasānugā;
已對照

她所投生之處,是名為‘悅意’的諸天。”第七[經]。

Manāpā nāma te [manāpakāyikā (sī. ka.)] devā, yattha sā upapajjatī’’ti. sattamaṃ;
已對照

八、那拘羅母經

8. Nakulamātāsuttaṃ
48PTS 4.268緬 3.96已對照

四十八、一時,世尊住在跋伽[國]中,鱷魚山貝薩迦羅林的鹿野苑。那時,那拘羅母居士婦(Nakulamātā gahapatānī)來到世尊之處;到了之後……乃至……。世尊對坐在一旁的那拘羅母居士婦這樣說——

“那拘羅母,具足八種法的女人,身壞命終之後,投生於悅意身天諸天的同伴中。具足哪八種[法]呢?那拘羅母,在此,父母求[她的]利益、求[她的]福祉、憐憫[她],出於憐憫而把[她]給與哪位丈夫,她就對他先起、後臥,凡有所命必順從,行止可意,言語可愛。

“凡是丈夫所尊重的人——母親、父親或沙門、婆羅門,她恭敬他們、尊重他們、尊敬他們、供養他們;他們來到時,她以座位與[洗足]水禮遇他們。

“丈夫家中的那些內務——或羊毛[活],或棉[活],她於其中熟練、不懶惰,具足於其中[適宜]方法的審察,足以親自去做,足以安排[他人去做]。

“丈夫家中的那些內部人員——或奴僕、或差役、或傭工,她知道他們已作的是已作,未作的是未作;知道病者的強弱;把嚼食、啖食按各自應得之分分配給他們。

“丈夫帶回來的錢財、穀物、銀或金,她以看管、守護來保全它,並且對此她不浪蕩、不偷盜、不嗜酒、不敗家。

“她又是優婆夷,已皈依佛、已皈依法、已皈依僧。

“她又是具戒者——遠離殺生……乃至……遠離[導致]放逸之因的谷酒、花果酒[等]酒類……乃至……。

“她又是有施捨者,以離了慳垢的心居家,施捨無所保留、手常潔淨、樂於捨棄、堪受人乞求、樂於布施與分享。

“那拘羅母,具足這八種法的女人,身壞命終之後,投生於悅意身天諸天的同伴中。”

“那總是養育她、常熱勤而勤奮的人,

那給與一切所欲的男人——[她]不輕視[這]丈夫。

“賢良的妻子也不以嫉妒之語激怒丈夫;

智慧的[她]禮敬丈夫一切所尊重者。

“勤奮而不懶惰,善攝[家中]眷屬,

她行丈夫所可意的,守護所積聚的[財物]。

“凡如是行持的女人,隨順丈夫的意願,

她所投生之處,是名為‘悅意’的諸天。”第八[經]。

48. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bhaggesu viharati suṃsumāragire [suṃsumāragire (sī. syā. pī.)] bhesakaḷāvane migadāye. Atha kho nakulamātā gahapatānī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā…pe…. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho nakulamātaraṃ gahapatāniṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
‘‘Aṭṭhahi kho, nakulamāte, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manāpakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, nakulamāte, mātugāmo yassa mātāpitaro bhattuno denti atthakāmā hitesino anukampakā anukampaṃ upādāya tassa hoti pubbuṭṭhāyinī pacchānipātinī kiṅkārapaṭissāvinī manāpacārinī piyavādinī.
‘‘Ye te bhattu garuno honti – mātāti vā pitāti vā samaṇabrāhmaṇāti vā – te sakkaroti garuṃ karoti māneti pūjeti, abbhāgate ca āsanodakena paṭipūjeti.
‘‘Ye te bhattu abbhantarā kammantā – uṇṇāti vā kappāsāti vā – tattha dakkhā hoti analasā tatrupāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgatā alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ.
‘‘Yo so bhattu abbhantaro antojano – dāsāti vā pessāti vā kammakarāti vā – tesaṃ katañca katato jānāti akatañca akatato jānāti, gilānakānañca balābalaṃ jānāti khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyañcassa paccaṃsena saṃvibhajati.
‘‘Yaṃ bhattā āharati dhanaṃ vā dhaññaṃ vā rajataṃ vā jātarūpaṃ vā taṃ ārakkhena guttiyā sampādeti, tattha ca hoti adhuttī athenī asoṇḍī avināsikā.
‘‘Upāsikā kho pana hoti buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā.
‘‘Sīlavatī kho pana hoti – pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā…pe….
‘‘Cāgavatī kho pana hoti vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgā payatapāṇinī vossaggaratā yācayogā dānasaṃvibhāgaratā.
‘‘Imehi kho, nakulamāte, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manāpakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti.
‘‘Yo naṃ bharati sabbadā, niccaṃ ātāpi ussuko;
Taṃ sabbakāmadaṃ posaṃ, bhattāraṃ nātimaññati.
‘‘Na cāpi sotthi bhattāraṃ, issāvādena rosaye;
Bhattu ca garuno sabbe, paṭipūjeti paṇḍitā.
‘‘Uṭṭhāhikā analasā, saṅgahitaparijjanā;
Bhattu manāpaṃ carati, sambhataṃ anurakkhati.
‘‘Yā evaṃ vattati nārī, bhattu chandavasānugā;
Manāpā nāma te [manāpakāyikā (sī.)] devā, yattha sā upapajjatī’’ti. aṭṭhamaṃ;
已對照

九、第一此世經

9. Paṭhamaidhalokikasuttaṃ
49PTS 4.270緬 3.97已對照

四十九、一時,世尊住在舍衛城東園鹿子母講堂。那時,毗舍佉鹿子母(Visākhā Migāramātā)來到世尊之處……乃至……世尊對坐在一旁的毗舍佉鹿子母這樣說——

“毗舍佉,具足四種法的女人,是為勝此世而行道者,她此世已得成辦。具足哪四種[法]呢?毗舍佉,在此,女人善理家務,善攝[家中]眷屬,行丈夫所可意的,守護所積聚的[財物]。

“毗舍佉,女人怎樣善理家務呢?毗舍佉,在此,凡是丈夫家中的那些內務——或羊毛[活],或棉[活],女人於其中熟練、不懶惰,具足於其中[適宜]方法的審察,足以親自去做,足以安排[他人去做]。毗舍佉,女人就是這樣善理家務。

“毗舍佉,女人怎樣善攝[家中]眷屬呢?毗舍佉,在此,凡是丈夫家中的那些內部人員——或奴僕、或差役、或傭工,女人知道他們已作的是已作,未作的是未作;知道病者的強弱;把嚼食、啖食按各自應得之分分配給他們。毗舍佉,女人就是這樣善攝[家中]眷屬。

“毗舍佉,女人怎樣行丈夫所可意的呢?毗舍佉,在此,凡被丈夫視為不可意的,女人即使為了活命也不去做。毗舍佉,女人就是這樣行丈夫所可意的。

“毗舍佉,女人怎樣守護所積聚的[財物]呢?毗舍佉,在此,凡丈夫帶回來的錢財、穀物、銀或金,女人以看管、守護來保全它,並且對此她不浪蕩、不偷盜、不嗜酒、不敗家。毗舍佉,女人就是這樣守護所積聚的[財物]。毗舍佉,具足這四種法的女人,是為勝此世而行道者,她此世已得成辦。

“毗舍佉,具足四種法的女人,是為勝他世而行道者,他世已得成辦。具足哪四種[法]呢?毗舍佉,在此,女人具足信,具足戒,具足施捨,具足慧。

“毗舍佉,女人怎樣具足信呢?毗舍佉,在此,女人有信,信如來的正覺:‘那位世尊亦即是阿羅漢、正等正覺者、明行具足、善逝、世間解、無上者、調御丈夫、天人導師、佛陀、世尊。’毗舍佉,女人就是這樣具足信。

“毗舍佉,女人怎樣具足戒呢?毗舍佉,在此,女人離殺生……乃至……離[導致]放逸之因的谷酒、花果酒[等]酒類。毗舍佉,女人就是這樣具足戒。

“毗舍佉,女人怎樣具足施捨呢?毗舍佉,在此,女人以離了慳垢的心居家,施捨無所保留、手常潔淨、樂於捨棄、堪受人乞求、樂於布施與分享。毗舍佉,女人就是這樣具足施捨。

“毗舍佉,女人怎樣具足慧呢?毗舍佉,在此,女人是有慧者……乃至……毗舍佉,女人就是這樣具足慧。毗舍佉,具足這四種法的女人,是為勝他世而行道者,他世已得成辦。”

“善理家務,善攝[家中]眷屬,

她行丈夫所可意的,守護所積聚的[財物]。

“有信,具足戒,寬仁,離慳吝,

她常淨化道路——那來世的安穩[之道]。

“這些八法,凡在哪位女子身上存在,

人們稱她為具戒者、住於法者、說真實者。

“具足十六行相,善具八支,

這樣具戒的優婆夷,

往生於悅意的天界。”第九[經]。

49. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Atha kho visākhā migāramātā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami…pe…. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho visākhaṃ migāramātaraṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
‘‘Catūhi kho, visākhe, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo idhalokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, ayaṃsa loko āraddho hoti. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo susaṃvihitakammanto hoti, saṅgahitaparijano, bhattu manāpaṃ carati, sambhataṃ anurakkhati.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, mātugāmo susaṃvihitakammanto hoti? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo ye te bhattu abbhantarā kammantā – uṇṇāti vā kappāsāti vā – tattha dakkhā hoti analasā tatrupāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgatā alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo susaṃvihitakammanto hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, mātugāmo saṅgahitaparijano hoti? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo yo so bhattu abbhantaro antojano – dāsāti vā pessāti vā kammakarāti vā – tesaṃ katañca katato jānāti akatañca akatato jānāti, gilānakānañca balābalaṃ jānāti khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyañcassa paccaṃsena saṃvibhajati. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo saṅgahitaparijano hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, mātugāmo bhattu manāpaṃ carati? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo yaṃ bhattu amanāpasaṅkhātaṃ taṃ jīvitahetupi na ajjhācarati. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo bhattu manāpaṃ carati.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, mātugāmo sambhataṃ anurakkhati? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo yaṃ bhattā āharati dhanaṃ vā dhaññaṃ vā rajataṃ vā jātarūpaṃ vā taṃ ārakkhena guttiyā sampādeti, tattha ca hoti adhuttī athenī asoṇḍī avināsikā. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo sambhataṃ anurakkhati. Imehi kho, visākhe, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo idhalokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, ayaṃsa loko āraddho hoti.
‘‘Catūhi kho, visākhe, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo paralokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, paraloko āraddho hoti. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo saddhāsampanno hoti, sīlasampanno hoti, cāgasampanno hoti, paññāsampanno hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, mātugāmo saddhāsampanno hoti? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo saddho hoti, saddahati tathāgatassa bodhiṃ – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo saddhāsampanno hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, mātugāmo sīlasampanno hoti? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo sīlasampanno hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, mātugāmo cāgasampanno hoti? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgā payatapāṇinī vossaggaratā yācayogā dānasaṃvibhāgaratā. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo cāgasampanno hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, mātugāmo paññāsampanno hoti? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo paññavā hoti…pe… evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo paññāsampanno hoti. Imehi kho, visākhe, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo paralokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, paraloko āraddho hotī’’ti.
‘‘Susaṃvihitakammantā, saṅgahitaparijjanā;
Bhattu manāpaṃ carati, sambhataṃ anurakkhati.
‘‘Saddhā sīlena sampannā, vadaññū vītamaccharā;
Niccaṃ maggaṃ visodheti, sotthānaṃ samparāyikaṃ.
‘‘Iccete aṭṭha dhammā ca, yassā vijjanti nāriyā;
Tampi sīlavatiṃ āhu, dhammaṭṭhaṃ saccavādiniṃ.
‘‘Soḷasākārasampannā, aṭṭhaṅgasusamāgatā;
Tādisī sīlavatī upāsikā;
Upapajjati devalokaṃ manāpa’’nti. navamaṃ;
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十、第二此世經

10. Dutiyaidhalokikasuttaṃ
50PTS 4.272緬 3.99已對照

五十、“諸比丘,具足四種法的女人,是為勝此世而行道者,她此世已得成辦。具足哪四種[法]呢?諸比丘,在此,女人善理家務,善攝[家中]眷屬,行丈夫所可意的,守護所積聚的[財物]。

50. ‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo idhalokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, ayaṃsa loko āraddho hoti. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo susaṃvihitakammanto hoti, saṅgahitaparijano, bhattu manāpaṃ carati, sambhataṃ anurakkhati.
已對照

“諸比丘,女人怎樣善理家務呢?諸比丘,在此,凡是丈夫家中的那些內務……乃至……諸比丘,女人就是這樣善理家務。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mātugāmo susaṃvihitakammanto hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo ye te bhattu abbhantarā kammantā…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmo susaṃvihitakammanto hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,女人怎樣善攝[家中]眷屬呢?諸比丘,在此,凡是丈夫家中的那些內部人員……乃至……諸比丘,女人就是這樣善攝[家中]眷屬。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mātugāmo saṅgahitaparijano hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo yo so bhattu abbhantaro antojano…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmo saṅgahitaparijano hoti.
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“諸比丘,女人怎樣行丈夫所可意的呢?諸比丘,在此,凡被丈夫視為不可意的,女人即使為了活命也不去做。諸比丘,女人就是這樣行丈夫所可意的。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mātugāmo bhattu manāpaṃ carati? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo yaṃ bhattu amanāpasaṅkhātaṃ taṃ jīvitahetupi na ajjhācarati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmo bhattu manāpaṃ carati.
已對照

“諸比丘,女人怎樣守護所積聚的[財物]呢?諸比丘,在此,凡丈夫帶回來的……乃至……諸比丘,女人就是這樣守護所積聚的[財物]。諸比丘,具足這四種法的女人,是為勝此世而行道者,她此世已得成辦。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mātugāmo sambhataṃ anurakkhati? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo yaṃ bhattā āharati…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmo sambhataṃ anurakkhati. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo idhalokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, ayaṃsa loko āraddho hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,具足四種法的女人,是為勝他世而行道者,他世已得成辦。具足哪四種[法]呢?諸比丘,在此,女人具足信,具足戒,具足施捨,具足慧。

‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo paralokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, paraloko āraddho hoti. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo saddhāsampanno hoti, sīlasampanno hoti, cāgasampanno hoti, paññāsampanno hoti.
PTS 4.273已對照

“諸比丘,女人怎樣具足信呢?諸比丘,在此,女人有信……乃至……諸比丘,女人就是這樣具足信。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mātugāmo saddhāsampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo saddho hoti…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmo saddhāsampanno hoti.
緬 3.100已對照

“諸比丘,女人怎樣具足戒呢?諸比丘,在此,女人離殺生……乃至……離[導致]放逸之因的谷酒、花果酒[等]酒類。諸比丘,女人就是這樣具足戒。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mātugāmo sīlasampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmo sīlasampanno hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,女人怎樣具足施捨呢?諸比丘,在此,女人以離了慳垢的心居家……乃至……諸比丘,女人就是這樣具足施捨。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mātugāmo cāgasampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmo cāgasampanno hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,女人怎樣具足慧呢?諸比丘,在此,女人是有慧者……乃至……諸比丘,女人就是這樣具足慧。諸比丘,具足這四種法的女人,是為勝他世而行道者,他世已得成辦。”

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mātugāmo paññāsampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo paññavā hoti…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmo paññāsampanno hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo paralokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, paraloko āraddho hotī’’ti.
已對照

“善理家務,善攝[家中]眷屬,

‘‘Susaṃvihitakammantā, saṅgahitaparijjanā;
已對照

她行丈夫所可意的,守護所積聚的[財物]。

Bhattu manāpaṃ carati, sambhataṃ anurakkhati.
已對照

“有信,具足戒,寬仁,離慳吝,

‘‘Saddhā sīlena sampannā, vadaññū vītamaccharā;
已對照

她常淨化道路——那來世的安穩[之道]。

Niccaṃ maggaṃ visodheti, sotthānaṃ samparāyikaṃ.
已對照

“這些八法,凡在哪位女子身上存在,

‘‘Iccete aṭṭha dhammā ca, yassā vijjanti nāriyā;
已對照

人們稱她為具戒者、住於法者、說真實者。

Tampi sīlavatiṃ āhu, dhammaṭṭhaṃ saccavādiniṃ.
已對照

“具足十六行相,善具八支,

‘‘Soḷasākārasampannā, aṭṭhaṅgasusamāgatā;
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這樣具戒的優婆夷,往生於悅意的天界。”第十[經]。

Tādisī sīlavatī upāsikā, upapajjati devalokaṃ manāpa’’nti. dasamaṃ;
已對照

布薩品第五。

Uposathavaggo pañcamo.
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其攝頌——

略說、詳說、毗舍佉,婆私吒、菩闍第五;

阿那律、又毗舍佉,那拘羅[母]、兩此世。

Tassuddānaṃ –
Saṃkhitte vitthate visākhe, vāseṭṭho bojjhāya pañcamaṃ;
Anuruddhaṃ puna visākhe, nakulā idhalokikā dveti.
已對照

第一五十[經]完畢。

Paṭhamapaṇṇāsakaṃ samattaṃ.
2. Dutiyapaṇṇāsakaṃ