快樂巴利palinanda.cc

增支部 · 四集·婆羅門品 Brāhmaṇavaggo

本經目錄(十九)四、婆羅門品一、戰士經二、保證人經三、所聞經四、無畏經五、婆羅門真實經六、探究經七、雨行經八、優波迦經九、應作證經十、布薩經婆羅門品第四。

已對照

(十九)四、婆羅門品

(19) 4. Brāhmaṇavaggo
已對照

一、戰士經

1. Yodhājīvasuttaṃ
181PTS 2.171已對照

一百八十一、“諸比丘,具足四種支的戰士,是堪為國王所有的、供國王受用的,正被算作國王的肢分。具足哪四種[支]呢?諸比丘,在此,戰士是巧於處者(ṭhānakusala)、遠射者、射中瞬息者、大物體的擊破者。諸比丘,具足這四種支的戰士,是堪為國王所有的、供國王受用的,正被算作國王的肢分。同樣,諸比丘,具足四種法的比丘,是應供養者、應款待者、應奉施者、應合掌者,是世間無上的福田。具足哪四種[法]呢?諸比丘,在此,比丘是巧於處者、遠射者、射中瞬息者、大物體的擊破者。

181. ‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato yodhājīvo rājāraho hoti rājabhoggo, rañño aṅganteva saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, yodhājīvo ṭhānakusalo ca hoti, dūrepātī ca, akkhaṇavedhī ca, mahato ca kāyassa padāletā. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi aṅgehi samannāgato yodhājīvo rājāraho hoti rājabhoggo, rañño aṅganteva saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ṭhānakusalo ca hoti, dūrepātī ca, akkhaṇavedhī ca, mahato ca kāyassa padāletā.
已對照

“諸比丘,比丘怎樣是巧於處者呢?諸比丘,在此,比丘具戒……乃至……受持學處而學習。諸比丘,比丘就是這樣是巧於處者。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ṭhānakusalo hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti…pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ṭhānakusalo hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,比丘怎樣是遠射者呢?諸比丘,在此,比丘對凡任何色,無論過去、未來、現在,內或外,粗或細,劣或勝,遠或近,一切色都是‘這不是我的、這不是我、這不是我的自我’——他以正慧如實這樣見它。凡任何受……乃至……凡任何想……凡任何諸行……凡任何識,無論過去、未來、現在,內或外,粗或細,劣或勝,遠或近,一切識都是‘這不是我的、這不是我、這不是我的自我’——他以正慧如實這樣見它。諸比丘,比丘就是這樣是遠射者。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dūrepātī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Yā kāci vedanā…pe… yā kāci saññā… ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dūrepātī hoti.
緬 1.491已對照

“諸比丘,比丘怎樣是射中瞬息者呢?諸比丘,在此,比丘如實了知‘此是苦’……乃至……如實了知‘此是導至苦滅之道’。諸比丘,比丘就是這樣是射中瞬息者。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu akkhaṇavedhī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu akkhaṇavedhī hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,比丘怎樣是大物體的擊破者呢?諸比丘,在此,比丘擊破大無明聚。諸比丘,比丘就是這樣是大物體的擊破者。諸比丘,具足這四種法的比丘,是應供養者……乃至……是世間無上的福田。”第一[經]。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu mahato kāyassa padāletā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu mahantaṃ avijjākkhandhaṃ padāletā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu mahato kāyassa padāletā hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
已對照

二、保證人經

2. Pāṭibhogasuttaṃ
182PTS 2.172已對照

一百八十二、“諸比丘,對於四種法,沒有任何保證人——無論沙門、婆羅門、天、魔、梵天,或世間的任何人。

182. [kathā. 624] ‘‘Catunnaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ natthi koci pāṭibhogo – samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ.
已對照

“對於哪四種[法]呢?對於‘願老法不老’,沒有任何保證人——無論沙門、婆羅門、天、魔、梵天,或世間的任何人;對於‘願病法不病’,沒有任何保證人——無論沙門、婆羅門、天、魔、梵天,或世間的任何人;對於‘願死法不死’,沒有任何保證人——無論沙門、婆羅門、天、魔、梵天,或世間的任何人;對於‘凡是自己往昔所作的那些惡業——是雜染的、導致再有的、有焦慮的、有苦異熟的、招致未來生老死的——願它們的異熟不生起’,沒有任何保證人——無論沙門、婆羅門、天、魔、梵天,或世間的任何人。

‘‘Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? ‘Jarādhammaṃ mā jīrī’ti natthi koci pāṭibhogo – samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ; ‘byādhidhammaṃ mā byādhiyī’ti natthi koci pāṭibhogo – samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ; ‘maraṇadhammaṃ mā mīyī’ti natthi koci pāṭibhogo – samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ; ‘yāni kho pana tāni pubbe attanā katāni pāpakāni kammāni saṃkilesikāni ponobhavikāni sadarāni dukkhavipākāni āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇikāni, tesaṃ vipāko mā nibbattī’ti natthi koci pāṭibhogo – samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ.
已對照

“諸比丘,對於這四種法,沒有任何保證人——無論沙門、婆羅門、天、魔、梵天,或世間的任何人。”第二[經]。

‘‘Imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ dhammānaṃ natthi koci pāṭibhogo – samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmi’’nti. Dutiyaṃ.
已對照

三、所聞經

3. Sutasuttaṃ
183緬 1.492已對照

一百八十三、一時,世尊住在王舍城竹林迦蘭陀園。那時,摩揭陀大臣雨行婆羅門來到世尊之處;到了之後,與世尊互相問候。互相問候、交談了一番愉快而值得憶念的話之後,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的摩揭陀大臣雨行婆羅門對世尊這樣說——

183. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho vassakāro brāhmaṇo magadhamahāmatto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho vassakāro brāhmaṇo magadhamahāmatto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
已對照

“喬達摩尊師,我是這樣說、這樣見的:‘凡任何人說所見——「我是這樣見的」——由此並無過失;凡任何人說所聞——「我是這樣聽聞的」——由此並無過失;凡任何人說所覺——「我是這樣覺知的」——由此並無過失;凡任何人說所識——「我是這樣識知的」——由此並無過失。’”

‘‘Ahañhi, bho gotama, evaṃvādī evaṃdiṭṭhi [evaṃdiṭṭhī (sabbattha)] – ‘yo koci diṭṭhaṃ bhāsati – evaṃ me diṭṭhanti, natthi tato doso; yo koci sutaṃ bhāsati – evaṃ me sutanti, natthi tato doso; yo koci mutaṃ bhāsati – evaṃ me mutanti, natthi tato doso; yo koci viññātaṃ bhāsati – evaṃ me viññātanti, natthi tato doso’’’ti.
PTS 2.173已對照

“婆羅門,我不說一切所見都應說;婆羅門,然而我也不說一切所見都不應說;婆羅門,我不說一切所聞都應說;婆羅門,然而我也不說一切所聞都不應說;婆羅門,我不說一切所覺都應說;婆羅門,然而我也不說一切所覺都不應說;婆羅門,我不說一切所識都應說;婆羅門,然而我也不說一切所識都不應說。

‘‘Nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, sabbaṃ diṭṭhaṃ bhāsitabbanti vadāmi; na panāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, sabbaṃ diṭṭhaṃ na bhāsitabbanti vadāmi; nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, sabbaṃ sutaṃ bhāsitabbanti vadāmi; na panāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, sabbaṃ sutaṃ na bhāsitabbanti vadāmi; nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, sabbaṃ mutaṃ bhāsitabbanti vadāmi; na panāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, sabbaṃ mutaṃ na bhāsitabbanti vadāmi; nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, sabbaṃ viññātaṃ bhāsitabbanti vadāmi; na panāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, sabbaṃ viññātaṃ na bhāsitabbanti vadāmi.
已對照

“婆羅門,凡是說某所見時,不善法增長、善法退失,我說這樣的所見不應說。婆羅門,而凡是不說某所見時,善法退失、不善法增長,我說這樣的所見應說。

‘‘Yañhi, brāhmaṇa, diṭṭhaṃ bhāsato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, evarūpaṃ diṭṭhaṃ na bhāsitabbanti vadāmi. Yañca khvassa, brāhmaṇa, diṭṭhaṃ abhāsato kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, evarūpaṃ diṭṭhaṃ bhāsitabbanti vadāmi.
已對照

“婆羅門,凡是說某所聞時,不善法增長、善法退失,我說這樣的所聞不應說。婆羅門,而凡是不說某所聞時,善法退失、不善法增長,我說這樣的所聞應說。

‘‘Yañhi, brāhmaṇa, sutaṃ bhāsato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, evarūpaṃ sutaṃ na bhāsitabbanti vadāmi. Yañca khvassa, brāhmaṇa, sutaṃ abhāsato kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, evarūpaṃ sutaṃ bhāsitabbanti vadāmi.
已對照

“婆羅門,凡是說某所覺時,不善法增長、善法退失,我說這樣的所覺不應說。婆羅門,而凡是不說某所覺時,善法退失、不善法增長,我說這樣的所覺應說。

‘‘Yañhi, brāhmaṇa, mutaṃ bhāsato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, evarūpaṃ mutaṃ na bhāsitabbanti vadāmi. Yañca khvassa, brāhmaṇa, mutaṃ abhāsato kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, evarūpaṃ mutaṃ bhāsitabbanti vadāmi.
緬 1.493已對照

“婆羅門,凡是說某所識時,不善法增長、善法退失,我說這樣的所識不應說。婆羅門,而凡是不說某所識時,善法退失、不善法增長,我說這樣的所識應說。”

‘‘Yañhi, brāhmaṇa, viññātaṃ bhāsato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, evarūpaṃ viññātaṃ na bhāsitabbanti vadāmi. Yañca khvassa, brāhmaṇa, viññātaṃ abhāsato kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, evarūpaṃ viññātaṃ bhāsitabbanti vadāmī’’ti.
已對照

於是,摩揭陀大臣雨行婆羅門歡喜、隨喜世尊所說,從座而起,離去了。第三[經]。

Atha kho vassakāro brāhmaṇo magadhamahāmatto bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmīti. Tatiyaṃ.
已對照

四、無畏經

4. Abhayasuttaṃ
184已對照

一百八十四、那時,生聞婆羅門來到世尊之處;到了之後,與世尊互相問候。互相問候、交談了一番愉快而值得憶念的話之後,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的生聞婆羅門對世尊這樣說——

184. Atha kho jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
已對照

“喬達摩尊師,我是這樣說、這樣見的:‘沒有任何身為死法者不怖畏、不對死亡陷入驚懼。’”“婆羅門,有身為死法而怖畏、對死亡陷入驚懼者;婆羅門,然而也有身為死法而不怖畏、不對死亡陷入驚懼者。

‘‘Ahañhi, bho gotama, evaṃvādī evaṃdiṭṭhi – ‘natthi yo maraṇadhammo samāno na bhāyati, na santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassā’’’ti. ‘‘Atthi, brāhmaṇa, maraṇadhammo samāno bhāyati, santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassa; atthi pana, brāhmaṇa, maraṇadhammo samāno na bhāyati, na santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassa.
PTS 2.174已對照

“婆羅門,什麼是身為死法而怖畏、對死亡陷入驚懼者呢?婆羅門,在此,有一類人對諸欲未離貪、欲未離、愛戀未離、渴未離、熱惱未離、愛未離。某種重的病患觸及他。被某種重的病患所觸時,他這樣想:‘可愛的諸欲啊,將會舍離我,我也將會舍離可愛的諸欲!’他憂愁、疲憊、悲泣,捶胸哭泣,陷於迷亂。婆羅門,這是身為死法而怖畏、對死亡陷入驚懼者。

‘‘Katamo ca, brāhmaṇa, maraṇadhammo samāno bhāyati, santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassa? Idha, brāhmaṇa, ekacco kāmesu avītarāgo hoti avigatacchando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho. Tamenaṃ aññataro gāḷho rogātaṅko phusati. Tassa aññatarena gāḷhena rogātaṅkena phuṭṭhassa evaṃ hoti – ‘piyā vata maṃ kāmā jahissanti, piye cāhaṃ kāme jahissāmī’ti. So socati kilamati paridevati, urattāḷiṃ kandati, sammohaṃ āpajjati. Ayaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, maraṇadhammo samāno bhāyati, santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassa.
緬 1.494已對照

“再者,婆羅門,在此,有一類人對身未離貪、欲未離、愛戀未離、渴未離、熱惱未離、愛未離。某種重的病患觸及他。被某種重的病患所觸時,他這樣想:‘可愛的身體啊,將會舍離我,我也將會舍離可愛的身體!’他憂愁、疲憊、悲泣,捶胸哭泣,陷於迷亂。婆羅門,這也是身為死法而怖畏、對死亡陷入驚懼者。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, idhekacco kāye avītarāgo hoti avigatacchando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho. Tamenaṃ aññataro gāḷho rogātaṅko phusati. Tassa aññatarena gāḷhena rogātaṅkena phuṭṭhassa evaṃ hoti – ‘piyo vata maṃ kāyo jahissati, piyañcāhaṃ kāyaṃ jahissāmī’ti. So socati kilamati paridevati, urattāḷiṃ kandati, sammohaṃ āpajjati. Ayampi kho, brāhmaṇa, maraṇadhammo samāno bhāyati, santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassa.
已對照

“再者,婆羅門,在此,有一類人是未曾作美善[之事]、未曾作善[業]、未曾作對怖畏的救護,已作惡、已作兇暴、已作罪惡者。某種重的病患觸及他。被某種重的病患所觸時,他這樣想:‘我確實未曾作美善[之事],未曾作善[業],未曾作對怖畏的救護;已作惡,已作兇暴,已作罪惡。唉,凡是未曾作美善[之事]、未曾作善[業]、未曾作對怖畏的救護,已作惡、已作兇暴、已作罪惡者的趣,我死後往那趣而去。’他憂愁、疲憊、悲泣,捶胸哭泣,陷於迷亂。婆羅門,這也是身為死法而怖畏、對死亡陷入驚懼者。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, idhekacco akatakalyāṇo hoti akatakusalo akatabhīruttāṇo katapāpo kataluddo katakibbiso. Tamenaṃ aññataro gāḷho rogātaṅko phusati. Tassa aññatarena gāḷhena rogātaṅkena phuṭṭhassa evaṃ hoti – ‘akataṃ vata me kalyāṇaṃ, akataṃ kusalaṃ, akataṃ bhīruttāṇaṃ; kataṃ pāpaṃ, kataṃ luddaṃ, kataṃ kibbisaṃ. Yāvatā, bho, akatakalyāṇānaṃ akatakusalānaṃ akatabhīruttāṇānaṃ katapāpānaṃ kataluddānaṃ katakibbisānaṃ gati taṃ gatiṃ pecca gacchāmī’ti. So socati kilamati paridevati, urattāḷiṃ kandati, sammohaṃ āpajjati. Ayampi kho, brāhmaṇa, maraṇadhammo samāno bhāyati, santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassa.
已對照

“再者,婆羅門,在此,有一類人於正法有惑、有疑、未達決定。某種重的病患觸及他。被某種重的病患所觸時,他這樣想:‘我確實於正法有惑、有疑、未達決定。’他憂愁、疲憊、悲泣,捶胸哭泣,陷於迷亂。婆羅門,這也是身為死法而怖畏、對死亡陷入驚懼者。婆羅門,這就是四種身為死法而怖畏、對死亡陷入驚懼者。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, idhekacco kaṅkhī hoti vicikicchī aniṭṭhaṅgato saddhamme. Tamenaṃ aññataro gāḷho rogātaṅko phusati. Tassa aññatarena gāḷhena rogātaṅkena phuṭṭhassa evaṃ hoti – ‘kaṅkhī vatamhi vicikicchī aniṭṭhaṅgato saddhamme’ti. So socati kilamati paridevati, urattāḷiṃ kandati, sammohaṃ āpajjati. Ayampi kho, brāhmaṇa, maraṇadhammo samāno bhāyati, santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassa. Ime kho, brāhmaṇa, cattāro maraṇadhammā samānā bhāyanti, santāsaṃ āpajjanti maraṇassa.
PTS 2.175已對照

“婆羅門,什麼是身為死法而不怖畏、不對死亡陷入驚懼者呢?婆羅門,在此,有一類人對諸欲已離貪、欲已離、愛戀已離、渴已離、熱惱已離、愛已離。某種重的病患觸及他。被某種重的病患所觸時,他不這樣想:‘可愛的諸欲啊,將會舍離我,我也將會舍離可愛的諸欲!’他不憂愁、不疲憊、不悲泣,不捶胸哭泣,不陷於迷亂。婆羅門,這是身為死法而不怖畏、不對死亡陷入驚懼者。

‘‘Katamo ca, brāhmaṇa, maraṇadhammo samāno na bhāyati, na santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassa? Idha, brāhmaṇa, ekacco kāmesu vītarāgo hoti vigatacchando vigatapemo vigatapipāso vigatapariḷāho vigatataṇho. Tamenaṃ aññataro gāḷho rogātaṅko phusati. Tassa aññatarena gāḷhena rogātaṅkena phuṭṭhassa na evaṃ hoti – ‘piyā vata maṃ kāmā jahissanti, piye cāhaṃ kāme jahissāmī’ti. So na socati na kilamati na paridevati, na urattāḷiṃ kandati, na sammohaṃ āpajjati. Ayaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, maraṇadhammo samāno na bhāyati, na santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassa.
緬 1.495已對照

“再者,婆羅門,在此,有一類人對身已離貪、欲已離、愛戀已離、渴已離、熱惱已離、愛已離。某種重的病患觸及他。被某種重的病患所觸時,他不這樣想:‘可愛的身體啊,將會舍離我,我也將會舍離可愛的身體!’他不憂愁、不疲憊、不悲泣,不捶胸哭泣,不陷於迷亂。婆羅門,這也是身為死法而不怖畏、不對死亡陷入驚懼者。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, idhekacco kāye vītarāgo hoti vigatacchando vigatapemo vigatapipāso vigatapariḷāho vigatataṇho. Tamenaṃ aññataro gāḷho rogātaṅko phusati. Tassa aññatarena gāḷhena rogātaṅkena phuṭṭhassa na evaṃ hoti – ‘piyo vata maṃ kāyo jahissati, piyañcāhaṃ kāyaṃ jahissāmī’ti. So na socati na kilamati na paridevati, na urattāḷiṃ kandati, na sammohaṃ āpajjati. Ayampi kho, brāhmaṇa, maraṇadhammo samāno na bhāyati, na santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassa.
已對照

“再者,婆羅門,在此,有一類人是未曾作惡、未曾作兇暴、未曾作罪惡,已作美善[之事]、已作善[業]、已作對怖畏的救護者。某種重的病患觸及他。被某種重的病患所觸時,他這樣想:‘我確實未曾作惡,未曾作兇暴,未曾作罪惡;已作美善[之事],已作善[業],已作對怖畏的救護。唉,凡是未曾作惡、未曾作兇暴、未曾作罪惡,已作美善[之事]、已作善[業]、已作對怖畏的救護者的趣,我死後往那趣而去。’他不憂愁、不疲憊、不悲泣,不捶胸哭泣,不陷於迷亂。婆羅門,這也是身為死法而不怖畏、不對死亡陷入驚懼者。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, idhekacco akatapāpo hoti akataluddo akatakibbiso katakalyāṇo katakusalo katabhīruttāṇo. Tamenaṃ aññataro gāḷho rogātaṅko phusati. Tassa aññatarena gāḷhena rogātaṅkena phuṭṭhassa evaṃ hoti – ‘akataṃ vata me pāpaṃ, akataṃ luddaṃ, akataṃ kibbisaṃ; kataṃ kalyāṇaṃ, kataṃ kusalaṃ, kataṃ bhīruttāṇaṃ. Yāvatā, bho, akatapāpānaṃ akataluddānaṃ akatakibbisānaṃ katakalyāṇānaṃ katakusalānaṃ katabhīruttāṇānaṃ gati taṃ gatiṃ pecca gacchāmī’ti. So na socati na kilamati na paridevati, na urattāḷiṃ kandati, na sammohaṃ āpajjati. Ayampi kho, brāhmaṇa, maraṇadhammo samāno na bhāyati, na santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassa.
PTS 2.176已對照

“再者,婆羅門,在此,有一類人於正法無惑、無疑、已達決定。某種重的病患觸及他。被某種重的病患所觸時,他這樣想:‘我確實於正法無惑、無疑、已達決定。’他不憂愁、不疲憊、不悲泣,不捶胸哭泣,不陷於迷亂。婆羅門,這也是身為死法而不怖畏、不對死亡陷入驚懼者。婆羅門,這就是四種身為死法而不怖畏、不對死亡陷入驚懼者。”

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, idhekacco akaṅkhī hoti avicikicchī niṭṭhaṅgato saddhamme. Tamenaṃ aññataro gāḷho rogātaṅko phusati. Tassa aññatarena gāḷhena rogātaṅkena phuṭṭhassa evaṃ hoti – ‘akaṅkhī vatamhi avicikicchī niṭṭhaṅgato saddhamme’ti. So na socati na kilamati na paridevati, na urattāḷiṃ kandati, na sammohaṃ āpajjati. Ayampi kho, brāhmaṇa, maraṇadhammo samāno na bhāyati, na santāsaṃ āpajjati maraṇassa. Ime kho, brāhmaṇa, cattāro maraṇadhammā samānā na bhāyanti, na santāsaṃ āpajjanti maraṇassā’’ti.
已對照

“奇哉!喬達摩尊師,奇哉!喬達摩尊師……乃至……願喬達摩尊師憶持我為優婆塞,從今日起,終生皈依。”第四[經]。

‘‘Abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Catutthaṃ.
已對照

五、婆羅門真實經

5. Brāhmaṇasaccasuttaṃ
185緬 1.496已對照

一百八十五、一時,世尊住在王舍城靈鷲山。那時,眾多一個個有名望的遊方者住在悉毘尼迦[河]岸的遊方者園,即:安那跋羅、婆羅達羅(Varadhara)、薩古盧陀夷遊方者,以及其他一個個有名望的遊方者。於是,世尊在傍晚時分從宴默中起來,前往悉毘尼迦[河]岸的遊方者園。

185. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā abhiññātā abhiññātā paribbājakā sippinikātīre paribbājakārāme paṭivasanti, seyyathidaṃ annabhāro varadharo sakuludāyī ca paribbājako aññe ca abhiññātā abhiññātā paribbājakā. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena sippinikātīre paribbājakārāmo tenupasaṅkami.
已對照

那時,那些其他外道的遊方者集坐會合時,生起了這樣的談論——“婆羅門的真實是如此,婆羅門的真實是如此。”於是,世尊來到那些遊方者之處;到了之後,坐在所敷設的座位上。坐下之後,世尊對那些遊方者這樣說——

Tena kho pana samayena tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ ayamantarā kathā udapādi – ‘‘itipi brāhmaṇasaccāni, itipi brāhmaṇasaccānī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā yena te paribbājakā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā te paribbājake etadavoca –
已對照

“遊方者們,你們現在集坐而作的是什麼談話?你們中斷了的是什麼談論呢?”“喬達摩尊師,在此,我們集坐會合時,生起了這樣的談論——‘婆羅門的真實是如此,婆羅門的真實是如此。’”

‘‘Kāya nuttha, paribbājakā, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā, kā ca pana vo antarākathā vippakatā’’ti? ‘‘Idha, bho gotama, amhākaṃ sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ ayamantarākathā udapādi – ‘itipi brāhmaṇasaccāni, itipi brāhmaṇasaccānī’’’ti.
已對照

“遊方者們,有這四種婆羅門的真實,是我自己以證智作證之後宣說的。哪四種[婆羅門的真實]呢?遊方者們,在此,婆羅門這樣說:‘一切有息者都不應被殺。’這樣說時,婆羅門說的是真實,不是虛妄。他不因此而思量‘[我是]沙門’,不思量‘[我是]婆羅門’,不思量‘我是更勝的’,不思量‘我是相等的’,不思量‘我是更劣的’。然而,凡於此中的真實,證知了它之後,他是正為了對諸有息者的護念、悲憫而行道者。

‘‘Cattārimāni, paribbājakā, brāhmaṇasaccāni mayā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā paveditāni. Katamāni cattāri? Idha, paribbājakā, brāhmaṇo evamāha – ‘sabbe pāṇā avajjhā’ti. Iti vadaṃ brāhmaṇo saccaṃ āha, no musā. So tena na samaṇoti maññati, na brāhmaṇoti maññati, na seyyohamasmīti maññati, na sadisohamasmīti maññati, na hīnohamasmīti maññati. Api ca yadeva tattha saccaṃ tadabhiññāya pāṇānaṃyeva anuddayāya [tadabhiññāya anudayāya (ka.)] anukampāya paṭipanno hoti.
PTS 2.177已對照

“再者,遊方者們,婆羅門這樣說:‘一切欲都是無常的、苦的、變易之法。’這樣說時,婆羅門說的是真實,不是虛妄。他不因此而思量‘[我是]沙門’,不思量‘[我是]婆羅門’,不思量‘我是更勝的’,不思量‘我是相等的’,不思量‘我是更劣的’。然而,凡於此中的真實,證知了它之後,他是正為了諸欲的厭離、離貪、滅而行道者。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, paribbājakā, brāhmaṇo evamāha – ‘sabbe kāmā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā’ti. Iti vadaṃ brāhmaṇo saccamāha, no musā. So tena na samaṇoti maññati, na brāhmaṇoti maññati, na seyyohamasmīti maññati, na sadisohamasmīti maññati, na hīnohamasmīti maññati. Api ca yadeva tattha saccaṃ tadabhiññāya kāmānaṃyeva nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.
緬 1.497已對照

“再者,遊方者們,婆羅門這樣說:‘一切有都是無常的……乃至……他是正為了諸有的厭離、離貪、滅而行道者。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, paribbājakā, brāhmaṇo evamāha – ‘sabbe bhavā aniccā…pe… bhavānaṃyeva nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.
已對照

“再者,遊方者們,婆羅門這樣說:‘我在任何地方都不是任何人的牽掛,在任何地方、任何[事物]中也沒有我的牽掛。’這樣說時,婆羅門說的是真實,不是虛妄。他不因此而思量‘[我是]沙門’,不思量‘[我是]婆羅門’,不思量‘我是更勝的’,不思量‘我是相等的’,不思量‘我是更劣的’。然而,凡於此中的真實,證知了它之後,他是正行於無所有之行道者。遊方者們,這就是我自己以證智作證之後宣說的四種婆羅門的真實。”第五[經]。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, paribbājakā, brāhmaṇo evamāha – ‘nāhaṃ kvacani [kvacana (sī. syā.)] kassaci kiñcanatasmiṃ na ca mama kvacani katthaci kiñcanatatthī’ti. Iti vadaṃ brāhmaṇo saccaṃ āha, no musā. So tena na samaṇoti maññati, na brāhmaṇoti maññati, na seyyohamasmīti maññati, na sadisohamasmīti maññati, na hīnohamasmīti maññati. Api ca yadeva tattha saccaṃ tadabhiññāya ākiñcaññaṃyeva paṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti. Imāni kho, paribbājakā, cattāri brāhmaṇasaccāni mayā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā paveditānī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
已對照

六、探究經

6. Ummaggasuttaṃ
186已對照

一百八十六、那時,某位比丘來到世尊之處;到了之後,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那位比丘對世尊這樣說——“尊者,世間為什麼所引導?世間為什麼所牽引?[世間]隨已生起的什麼而受其支配?”

186. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kena nu kho, bhante, loko nīyati, kena loko parikassati, kassa ca uppannassa vasaṃ gacchatī’’ti?
已對照

“善哉,善哉,比丘!比丘,你的探究是賢善的,辯才是賢善的,發問是善妙的。比丘,你是這樣問的:‘尊者,世間為什麼所引導?世間為什麼所牽引?[世間]隨已生起的什麼而受其支配?’”“是的,尊者。”“比丘,世間為心所引導,為心所牽引,隨已生起的心而受其支配。”

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Bhaddako kho te, bhikkhu, ummaggo [ummaṅgo (syā. ka.)], bhaddakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ, kalyāṇī [kalyāṇā (ka.)] paripucchā. Evañhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, pucchasi – ‘kena nu kho, bhante, loko nīyati, kena loko parikassati, kassa ca uppannassa vasaṃ gacchatī’’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Cittena kho, bhikkhu, loko nīyati, cittena parikassati, cittassa uppannassa vasaṃ gacchatī’’ti.
PTS 2.178已對照

“善哉,尊者。”那位比丘對世尊所說歡喜、隨喜之後,又向世尊問了更進一步的問題——“尊者,人們說‘多聞者、持法者,多聞者、持法者’。尊者,到什麼程度,是多聞者、持法者呢?”

‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ uttari pañhaṃ apucchi – ‘‘‘bahussuto dhammadharo, bahussuto dhammadharo’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, bahussuto dhammadharo hotī’’ti?
緬 1.498已對照

“善哉,善哉,比丘!比丘,你的探究是賢善的,辯才是賢善的,發問是善妙的。比丘,你是這樣問的:‘尊者,人們說「多聞者、持法者,多聞者、持法者」。尊者,到什麼程度,是多聞者、持法者呢?’”“是的,尊者。”“比丘,我所教示的法很多——經、應頌、記說、偈頌、自說、如是語、本生、未曾有法、智解。比丘,若人即使了知一首四句偈的義、了知其法,而是法隨法行者,也足以稱為‘多聞者、持法者’。”

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Bhaddako kho te, bhikkhu ummaggo, bhaddakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ, kalyāṇī paripucchā. Evañhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, pucchasi – ‘bahussuto dhammadharo, bahussuto dhammadharoti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, bahussuto dhammadharo hotī’’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Bahū kho, bhikkhu, mayā dhammā desitā [bahu kho bhikkhu mayā dhammo desito (ka.)] – suttaṃ, geyyaṃ, veyyākaraṇaṃ, gāthā, udānaṃ, itivuttakaṃ, jātakaṃ, abbhutadhammaṃ, vedallaṃ. Catuppadāya cepi, bhikkhu, gāthāya atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti bahussuto dhammadharoti alaṃ vacanāyā’’ti.
已對照

“善哉,尊者。”那位比丘對世尊所說歡喜、隨喜之後,又向世尊問了更進一步的問題——“尊者,人們說‘有聞者、洞察慧者,有聞者、洞察慧者’。尊者,到什麼程度,是有聞者、洞察慧者呢?”

‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ uttari pañhaṃ apucchi – ‘‘‘sutavā nibbedhikapañño, sutavā nibbedhikapañño’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, sutavā nibbedhikapañño hotī’’ti?
已對照

“善哉,善哉,比丘!比丘,你的探究是賢善的,辯才是賢善的,發問是善妙的。比丘,你是這樣問的:‘尊者,人們說「有聞者、洞察慧者,有聞者、洞察慧者」。尊者,到什麼程度,是有聞者、洞察慧者呢?’”“是的,尊者。”“比丘,在此,比丘聽聞了‘此是苦’,並以慧洞徹而見其義;聽聞了‘此是苦集’,並以慧洞徹而見其義;聽聞了‘此是苦滅’,並以慧洞徹而見其義;聽聞了‘此是導至苦滅之道’,並以慧洞徹而見其義。比丘,[人]就是這樣是有聞者、洞察慧者。”

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Bhaddako kho te, bhikkhu, ummaggo, bhaddakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ, kalyāṇī paripucchā. Evañhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, pucchasi – ‘sutavā nibbedhikapañño, sutavā nibbedhikapaññoti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, sutavā nibbedhikapañño hotī’’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, bhikkhuno ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti sutaṃ hoti, paññāya cassa atthaṃ ativijjha passati; ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti sutaṃ hoti, paññāya cassa atthaṃ ativijjha passati; ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti sutaṃ hoti, paññāya cassa atthaṃ ativijjha passati; ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti sutaṃ hoti, paññāya cassa atthaṃ ativijjha passati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, sutavā nibbedhikapañño hotī’’ti.
已對照

“善哉,尊者。”那位比丘對世尊所說歡喜、隨喜之後,又向世尊問了更進一步的問題——“尊者,人們說‘智者、大慧者,智者、大慧者’。尊者,到什麼程度,是智者、大慧者呢?”

‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ uttari pañhaṃ apucchi – ‘‘‘paṇḍito mahāpañño, paṇḍito mahāpañño’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, paṇḍito mahāpañño hotī’’ti?
PTS 2.179緬 1.499已對照

“善哉,善哉,比丘!比丘,你的探究是賢善的,辯才是賢善的,發問是善妙的。比丘,你是這樣問的:‘尊者,人們說「智者、大慧者,智者、大慧者」。尊者,到什麼程度,是智者、大慧者呢?’”“是的,尊者。”“比丘,在此,智者、大慧者既不思於自身的損害,也不思於他人的損害,也不思於兩者的損害;他思惟時,只思惟自身的利益、他人的利益、兩者的利益與一切世間的利益。比丘,[人]就是這樣是智者、大慧者。”第六[經]。

‘‘Sādhu sādhu bhikkhu! Bhaddako kho te, bhikkhu, ummaggo, bhaddakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ, kalyāṇī paripucchā. Evañhi tvaṃ bhikkhu pucchasi – ‘paṇḍito mahāpañño, paṇḍito mahāpaññoti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, paṇḍito mahāpañño hotī’’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, paṇḍito mahāpañño nevattabyābādhāya ceteti na parabyābādhāya ceteti na ubhayabyābādhāya ceteti attahitaparahitaubhayahitasabbalokahitameva cintayamāno cinteti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, paṇḍito mahāpañño hotī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
已對照

七、雨行經

7. Vassakārasuttaṃ
187已對照

一百八十七、一時,世尊住在王舍城竹林迦蘭陀園。那時,摩揭陀大臣雨行婆羅門來到世尊之處;到了之後,與世尊互相問候。互相問候、交談了一番愉快而值得憶念的話之後,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的摩揭陀大臣雨行婆羅門對世尊這樣說——

187. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho vassakāro brāhmaṇo magadhamahāmatto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho vassakāro brāhmaṇo magadhamahāmatto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
已對照

“喬達摩尊師,非善士會了知非善士:‘這位尊師是非善士’嗎?”“婆羅門,這是無處、無機會的:非善士會了知非善士:‘這位尊師是非善士。’”“喬達摩尊師,那麼,非善士會了知善士:‘這位尊師是善士’嗎?”“婆羅門,這也是無處、無機會的:非善士會了知善士:‘這位尊師是善士。’”“喬達摩尊師,善士會了知善士:‘這位尊師是善士’嗎?”“婆羅門,這是有處、有機會的:善士會了知善士:‘這位尊師是善士。’”“喬達摩尊師,那麼,善士會了知非善士:‘這位尊師是非善士’嗎?”“婆羅門,這也是有處、有機會的:善士會了知非善士:‘這位尊師是非善士。’”

‘‘Jāneyya nu kho, bho gotama, asappuriso asappurisaṃ – ‘asappuriso ayaṃ bhava’’’nti? ‘‘Aṭṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, brāhmaṇa, anavakāso yaṃ asappuriso asappurisaṃ jāneyya – ‘asappuriso ayaṃ bhava’’’nti. ‘‘Jāneyya pana, bho gotama, asappuriso sappurisaṃ – ‘sappuriso ayaṃ bhava’’’nti? ‘‘Etampi kho, brāhmaṇa, aṭṭhānaṃ anavakāso yaṃ asappuriso sappurisaṃ jāneyya – ‘sappuriso ayaṃ bhava’’’nti. ‘‘Jāneyya nu kho, bho gotama, sappuriso sappurisaṃ – ‘sappuriso ayaṃ bhava’’’nti? ‘‘Ṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, brāhmaṇa, vijjati yaṃ sappuriso sappurisaṃ jāneyya – ‘sappuriso ayaṃ bhava’’’nti. ‘‘Jāneyya pana, bho gotama, sappuriso asappurisaṃ – ‘asappuriso ayaṃ bhava’’’nti? ‘‘Etampi kho, brāhmaṇa, ṭhānaṃ vijjati yaṃ sappuriso asappurisaṃ jāneyya – ‘asappuriso ayaṃ bhava’’’nti.
PTS 2.180已對照

“稀有啊,喬達摩尊師!奇妙啊,喬達摩尊師!喬達摩尊師所說的這[話]何其善說:‘婆羅門,這是無處、無機會的:非善士會了知非善士:「這位尊師是非善士。」婆羅門,這也是無處、無機會的:非善士會了知善士:「這位尊師是善士。」婆羅門,這是有處、有機會的:善士會了知善士:「這位尊師是善士。」婆羅門,這也是有處、有機會的:善士會了知非善士:「這位尊師是非善士。」’”

‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bho gotama, abbhutaṃ, bho gotama! Yāva subhāsitaṃ cidaṃ, bhotā gotamena – ‘aṭṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, brāhmaṇa, anavakāso yaṃ asappuriso asappurisaṃ jāneyya – asappuriso ayaṃ bhavanti. Etampi kho, brāhmaṇa, aṭṭhānaṃ anavakāso yaṃ asappuriso sappurisaṃ jāneyya – sappuriso ayaṃ bhavanti. Ṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, brāhmaṇa, vijjati yaṃ sappuriso sappurisaṃ jāneyya – sappuriso ayaṃ bhavanti. Etampi kho, brāhmaṇa, ṭhānaṃ vijjati yaṃ sappuriso asappurisaṃ jāneyya – asappuriso ayaṃ bhava’’’nti.
緬 1.500已對照

“喬達摩尊師,有一次,在都提耶婆羅門的會眾中,[人們]對他人求過:‘這位伊萊耶王是愚人,他對沙門羅摩子極為淨信,並且對沙門羅摩子作這樣最上的謙下之行,即:禮敬、起迎、合掌、恭敬之業。伊萊耶王的這些侍從也是愚人——焰摩迦、目伽羅、鬱伽、那文陀基、乾闥婆、火種——他們對沙門羅摩子極為淨信,並且對沙門羅摩子作這樣最上的謙下之行,即:禮敬、起迎、合掌、恭敬之業。’都提耶婆羅門以這樣的理路引導他們:‘諸位尊師認為怎樣?伊萊耶王是否是賢智的,在應作之事與更應作之事上、在應說之事與更應說之事上,比更能通達事理者更能通達事理?’‘是的,尊師,伊萊耶王是賢智的,在應作之事與更應作之事上、在應說之事與更應說之事上,比更能通達事理者更能通達事理。’”

‘‘Ekamidaṃ, bho gotama, samayaṃ todeyyassa brāhmaṇassa parisati parūpārambhaṃ vattenti – ‘bālo ayaṃ rājā eḷeyyo samaṇe rāmaputte abhippasanno, samaṇe ca pana rāmaputte evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karoti, yadidaṃ abhivādanaṃ paccuṭṭhānaṃ añjalikammaṃ sāmīcikamma’nti. Imepi rañño eḷeyyassa parihārakā bālā – yamako moggallo [puggalo (ka.)] uggo nāvindakī gandhabbo aggivesso, ye samaṇe rāmaputte abhippasannā, samaṇe ca pana rāmaputte evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karonti, yadidaṃ abhivādanaṃ paccuṭṭhānaṃ añjalikammaṃ sāmīcikammanti. Tyāssudaṃ todeyyo brāhmaṇo iminā nayena neti. Taṃ kiṃ maññanti, bhonto, paṇḍito rājā eḷeyyo karaṇīyādhikaraṇīyesu vacanīyādhivacanīyesu alamatthadasatarehi alamatthadasataro’ti? ‘Evaṃ, bho, paṇḍito rājā eḷeyyo karaṇīyādhikaraṇīyesu vacanīyādhivacanīyesu alamatthadasatarehi alamatthadasataro’’’ti.
已對照

“尊師,正因為沙門羅摩子比賢智的伊萊耶王更賢智,在應作之事與更應作之事上、在應說之事與更應說之事上,比更能通達事理的[伊萊耶王]更能通達事理,所以伊萊耶王對沙門羅摩子極為淨信,並且對沙門羅摩子作這樣最上的謙下之行,即:禮敬、起迎、合掌、恭敬之業。”

‘‘Yasmā ca kho, bho, samaṇo rāmaputto raññā eḷeyyena paṇḍitena paṇḍitataro karaṇīyādhikaraṇīyesu vacanīyādhivacanīyesu alamatthadasatarena alamatthadasataro, tasmā rājā eḷeyyo samaṇe rāmaputte abhippasanno, samaṇe ca pana rāmaputte evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karoti, yadidaṃ abhivādanaṃ paccuṭṭhānaṃ añjalikammaṃ sāmīcikammaṃ’’.
PTS 2.181已對照

“諸位尊師認為怎樣?伊萊耶王的侍從——焰摩迦、目伽羅、鬱伽、那文陀基、乾闥婆、火種——是否是賢智的,在應作之事與更應作之事上、在應說之事與更應說之事上,比更能通達事理者更能通達事理?‘是的,尊師,伊萊耶王的侍從——焰摩迦、目伽羅、鬱伽、那文陀基、乾闥婆、火種——是賢智的,在應作之事與更應作之事上、在應說之事與更應說之事上,比更能通達事理者更能通達事理。’”

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññanti, bhonto, paṇḍitā rañño eḷeyyassa parihārakā – yamako moggallo uggo nāvindakī gandhabbo aggivesso, karaṇīyādhikaraṇīyesu vacanīyādhivacanīyesu alamatthadasatarehi alamatthadasatarāti? ‘Evaṃ, bho, paṇḍitā rañño eḷeyyassa parihārakā – yamako moggallo uggo nāvindakī gandhabbo aggivesso, karaṇīyādhikaraṇīyesu vacanīyādhivacanīyesu alamatthadasatarehi alamatthadasatarā’’’ti.
已對照

“尊師,正因為沙門羅摩子比伊萊耶王賢智的侍從們更賢智,在應作之事與更應作之事上、在應說之事與更應說之事上,比更能通達事理的[侍從們]更能通達事理,所以伊萊耶王的侍從們對沙門羅摩子極為淨信,並且對沙門羅摩子作這樣最上的謙下之行,即:禮敬、起迎、合掌、恭敬之業。”

‘‘Yasmā ca kho, bho, samaṇo rāmaputto rañño eḷeyyassa parihārakehi paṇḍitehi paṇḍitataro karaṇīyādhikaraṇīyesu vacanīyādhivacanīyesu alamatthadasatarehi alamatthadasataro, tasmā rañño eḷeyyassa parihārakā samaṇe rāmaputte abhippasannā; samaṇe ca pana rāmaputte evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karonti, yadidaṃ abhivādanaṃ paccuṭṭhānaṃ añjalikammaṃ sāmīcikamma’’nti.
緬 1.501已對照

“稀有啊,喬達摩尊師!奇妙啊,喬達摩尊師!喬達摩尊師所說的這[話]何其善說:‘婆羅門,這是無處、無機會的:非善士會了知非善士:「這位尊師是非善士。」婆羅門,這也是無處、無機會的:非善士會了知善士:「這位尊師是善士。」婆羅門,這是有處、有機會的:善士會了知善士:「這位尊師是善士。」婆羅門,這也是有處、有機會的:善士會了知非善士:「這位尊師是非善士。」’喬達摩尊師,那麼我們現在就告辭了,我們事務繁多、要辦的事很多。”“婆羅門,現在正是你認為適時的時候。”於是,摩揭陀大臣雨行婆羅門歡喜、隨喜世尊所說,從座而起,離去了。第七[經]。

‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bho, gotama, abbhutaṃ, bho gotama! Yāva subhāsitaṃ cidaṃ bhotā gotamena – ‘aṭṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, brāhmaṇa, anavakāso yaṃ asappuriso asappurisaṃ jāneyya – asappuriso ayaṃ bhavanti. Etampi kho, brāhmaṇa, aṭṭhānaṃ anavakāso yaṃ asappuriso sappurisaṃ jāneyya – sappuriso ayaṃ bhavanti. Ṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, brāhmaṇa, vijjati yaṃ sappuriso sappurisaṃ jāneyya – sappuriso ayaṃ bhavanti. Etampi kho, brāhmaṇa, ṭhānaṃ vijjati yaṃ sappuriso asappurisaṃ jāneyya – asappuriso ayaṃ bhava’nti. Handa ca dāni mayaṃ, bho gotama, gacchāma. Bahukiccā mayaṃ bahukaraṇīyā’’ti. ‘‘Yassadāni tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, kālaṃ maññasī’’ti. Atha kho vassakāro brāhmaṇo magadhamahāmatto bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmīti. Sattamaṃ.
已對照

八、優波迦經

8. Upakasuttaṃ
188PTS 2.182緬 1.502已對照

一百八十八、一時,世尊住在王舍城靈鷲山。那時,優波迦·曼提迦子(Upaka Maṇḍikāputta)來到世尊之處;到了之後,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的優波迦·曼提迦子對世尊這樣說——

“尊者,我是這樣說、這樣見的:‘凡任何人對他人求過,在對他人求過時,他全都不能令[善法]生起;不能令[善法]生起者,是應受呵責的、應受譴責的。’”“優波迦,若[人]對他人求過,在對他人求過時,不能令[善法]生起,不能令[善法]生起者,是應受呵責的、應受譴責的。優波迦,你正在對他人求過,在對他人求過時,你不能令[善法]生起,不能令[善法]生起的你,是應受呵責的、應受譴責的。”“尊者,猶如[有人]以大罥索縛住正在[從水中]浮出頭來的[人];同樣,尊者,我正在浮出頭來時,就被世尊以論議的大罥索縛住了。”

“優波迦,‘這是不善’是我所施設的。於此,有無量的語句、無量的文字、如來無量的說法:‘如是這也是不善。’優波迦,‘而這不善是應舍斷的’是我所施設的。於此,有無量的語句、無量的文字、如來無量的說法:‘如是這不善也是應舍斷的。’

“優波迦,‘這是善’是我所施設的。於此,有無量的語句、無量的文字、如來無量的說法:‘如是這也是善。’優波迦,‘而這善是應修習的’是我所施設的。於此,有無量的語句、無量的文字、如來無量的說法:‘如是這善也是應修習的。’”

於是,優波迦·曼提迦子歡喜、隨喜世尊之所說,從座而起,禮敬世尊,右繞之後,來到摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世之處;到了之後,把與世尊之間所有的交談,全部稟告了摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世。

這樣說時,摩揭陀國王韋提希子阿闍世惱怒、不悅,對優波迦·曼提迦子這樣說:“這個鹽工村的小子何其毀人之德、何其粗口、何其放肆,竟然以為可以冒犯那位世尊、阿羅漢、正等正覺者!優波迦,你走開!滾吧!別讓我見到你!”第八[經]。

188. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Atha kho upako maṇḍikāputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho upako maṇḍikāputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
‘‘Ahañhi, bhante, evaṃvādī evaṃdiṭṭhi – ‘yo koci parūpārambhaṃ vatteti, parūpārambhaṃ vattento sabbo so [sabbaso (sī. pī.)] na upapādeti. Anupapādento gārayho hoti upavajjo’’’ti. ‘‘Parūpārambhaṃ ce, upaka, vatteti parūpārambhaṃ vattento na upapādeti, anupapādento gārayho hoti upavajjo. Tvaṃ kho, upaka, parūpārambhaṃ vattesi, parūpārambhaṃ vattento na upapādesi, anupapādento gārayho hosi upavajjo’’ti. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhante, ummujjamānakaṃyeva mahatā pāsena bandheyya; evamevaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, ummujjamānakoyeva bhagavatā mahatā vādapāsena [mahatā pāsena (ka.)] baddho’’ti.
‘‘Idaṃ akusalanti kho, upaka, mayā paññattaṃ. Tattha aparimāṇā padā aparimāṇā byañjanā aparimāṇā tathāgatassa dhammadesanā – itipidaṃ akusalanti. Taṃ kho panidaṃ akusalaṃ pahātabbanti kho, upaka, mayā paññattaṃ. Tattha aparimāṇā padā aparimāṇā byañjanā aparimāṇā tathāgatassa dhammadesanā – itipidaṃ akusalaṃ pahātabbanti.
‘‘Idaṃ kusalanti kho, upaka, mayā paññattaṃ. Tattha aparimāṇā padā aparimāṇā byañjanā aparimāṇā tathāgatassa dhammadesanā – itipidaṃ kusalanti. Taṃ kho panidaṃ kusalaṃ bhāvetabbanti kho, upaka, mayā paññattaṃ. Tattha aparimāṇā padā aparimāṇā byañjanā aparimāṇā tathāgatassa dhammadesanā – itipidaṃ kusalaṃ bhāvetabba’’nti.
Atha kho upako maṇḍikāputto bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā yāvatako ahosi bhagavatā saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo taṃ sabbaṃ rañño māgadhassa ajātasattussa vedehiputtassa ārocesi.
Evaṃ vutte rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto kupito anattamano upakaṃ maṇḍikāputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yāva dhaṃsī vatāyaṃ loṇakāradārako yāva mukharo yāva pagabbo yatra hi nāma taṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ āsādetabbaṃ maññissati; apehi tvaṃ, upaka, vinassa, mā taṃ addasa’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
已對照

九、應作證經

9. Sacchikaraṇīyasuttaṃ
189PTS 2.183已對照

一百八十九、“諸比丘,有這四種應作證之法。哪四種[法]呢?諸比丘,有法應以身作證;諸比丘,有法應以唸作證;諸比丘,有法應以眼作證;諸比丘,有法應以慧作證。諸比丘,什麼法應以身作證呢?諸比丘,八解脫應以身作證。

189. ‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, sacchikaraṇīyā dhammā. Katame cattāro? Atthi, bhikkhave, dhammā kāyena sacchikaraṇīyā; atthi, bhikkhave, dhammā satiyā sacchikaraṇīyā; atthi, bhikkhave, dhammā cakkhunā sacchikaraṇīyā; atthi, bhikkhave, dhammā paññāya sacchikaraṇīyā. Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā kāyena sacchikaraṇīyā? Aṭṭha vimokkhā, bhikkhave, kāyena sacchikaraṇīyā.
已對照

“諸比丘,什麼法應以唸作證呢?諸比丘,宿住應以唸作證。

‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā satiyā sacchikaraṇīyā? Pubbenivāso, bhikkhave, satiyā sacchikaraṇīyo.
已對照

“諸比丘,什麼法應以眼作證呢?諸比丘,眾生的死生應以眼作證。

‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā cakkhunā sacchikaraṇīyā? Sattānaṃ cutūpapāto, bhikkhave, cakkhunā sacchikaraṇīyo.
已對照

“諸比丘,什麼法應以慧作證呢?諸比丘,諸漏的滅盡應以慧作證。諸比丘,這就是四種應作證之法。”第九[經]。

‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā paññāya sacchikaraṇīyā? Āsavānaṃ khayo, bhikkhave, paññāya sacchikaraṇīyo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro sacchikaraṇīyā dhammā’’ti. Navamaṃ.
已對照

十、布薩經

10. Uposathasuttaṃ
190緬 1.503已對照

一百九十、一時,世尊住在舍衛城東園鹿子母講堂。那時,世尊正值布薩日,被比丘僧團圍繞而坐。於是,世尊環視默然又默然的比丘僧團,召喚諸比丘——

190. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā tadahuposathe bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto nisinno hoti. Atha kho bhagavā tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anuviloketvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
已對照

“諸比丘,這會眾無糠秕;諸比丘,這會眾離糠秕,清淨,安立於堅實。諸比丘,這比丘僧團是這樣的;諸比丘,這會眾是這樣的。凡是在世間連得見也難得的那種會眾,諸比丘,這比丘僧團就是那樣的;諸比丘,這會眾就是那樣的。凡是應供養、應款待、應奉施、應合掌,是世間無上的福田的那種會眾,諸比丘,這比丘僧團就是那樣的;諸比丘,這會眾就是那樣的。凡是對之施少成多、施多更多的那種會眾,諸比丘,這比丘僧團就是那樣的;諸比丘,這會眾就是那樣的。凡是為了見它,即使[要走]數以由旬計[的路程]、即使[要]帶著旅糧,也值得前往的那種會眾,諸比丘,這比丘僧團就是那樣的;(諸比丘,這會眾就是那樣的)。

‘‘Apalāpāyaṃ, bhikkhave, parisā nippalāpāyaṃ, bhikkhave, parisā suddhā sāre patiṭṭhitā. Tathārūpo ayaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhusaṅgho, tathārūpāyaṃ, bhikkhave, parisā. Yathārūpā parisā dullabhā dassanāyapi lokasmiṃ, tathārūpo ayaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhusaṅgho, tathārūpāyaṃ, bhikkhave, parisā. Yathārūpā parisā āhuneyyā pāhuneyyā dakkhiṇeyyā añjalikaraṇīyā anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa, tathārūpo ayaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhusaṅgho, tathārūpāyaṃ, bhikkhave, parisā. Yathārūpāya parisāya appaṃ dinnaṃ bahu hoti bahu dinnaṃ bahutaraṃ, tathārūpo ayaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhusaṅgho, tathārūpāyaṃ, bhikkhave, parisā. Yathārūpaṃ parisaṃ alaṃ yojanagaṇanānipi dassanāya gantuṃ api puṭosenāpi, tathārūpo ayaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhusaṅgho, (tathārūpāyaṃ, bhikkhave, parisā) [( ) sī. syā. kaṃ. pī. potthakesu natthi].
PTS 2.184已對照

“諸比丘,在這比丘僧團中,有達於天而住的比丘;諸比丘,在這比丘僧團中,有達於梵而住的比丘;諸比丘,在這比丘僧團中,有達於不動而住的比丘;諸比丘,在這比丘僧團中,有達於聖而住的比丘。

‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, bhikkhū imasmiṃ bhikkhusaṅghe devappattā viharanti; santi, bhikkhave, bhikkhū imasmiṃ bhikkhusaṅghe brahmappattā viharanti; santi, bhikkhave, bhikkhū imasmiṃ bhikkhusaṅghe āneñjappattā viharanti; santi, bhikkhave, bhikkhū imasmiṃ bhikkhusaṅghe ariyappattā viharanti.
已對照

“諸比丘,比丘怎樣是達於天者呢?諸比丘,在此,比丘已離諸欲……乃至……成就並住於初禪;尋、伺寂止……乃至……第二禪……乃至……第三禪……乃至……成就並住於第四禪。諸比丘,比丘就是這樣是達於天者。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu devappatto hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu devappatto hoti.
緬 1.504已對照

“諸比丘,比丘怎樣是達於梵者呢?諸比丘,在此,比丘以與慈俱的心遍滿一方而住,第二[方]亦然,第三[方]亦然,第四[方]亦然。如是於上、下、四方,於一切處,以一切為己,以與慈俱的心,廣、大、無量、無怨、無惱害,遍滿一切世間而住。悲……喜……以與舍俱的心遍滿一方而住,第二[方]亦然,第三[方]亦然,第四[方]亦然。如是於上、下、四方,於一切處,以一切為己,以與舍俱的心,廣、大、無量、無怨、無惱害,遍滿一切世間而住。諸比丘,比丘就是這樣是達於梵者。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu brahmappatto hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ tathā tatiyaṃ tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. Karuṇā… muditā… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ tathā tatiyaṃ tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu brahmappatto hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,比丘怎樣是達於不動者呢?諸比丘,在此,比丘完全超越色想,有對想滅沒,不作意種種想,[知]‘虛空是無邊的’,成就並住於空無邊處。完全超越空無邊處,[知]‘識是無邊的’,成就並住於識無邊處。完全超越識無邊處,[知]‘什麼都沒有’,成就並住於無所有處。完全超越無所有處,成就並住於非想非非想處。諸比丘,比丘就是這樣是達於不動者。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āneñjappatto hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āneñjappatto hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,比丘怎樣是達於聖者呢?諸比丘,在此,比丘如實了知‘此是苦’……乃至……如實了知‘此是導至苦滅之道’。諸比丘,比丘就是這樣是達於聖者。”第十[經]。

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyappatto hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyappatto hotī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
已對照

婆羅門品第四。

Brāhmaṇavaggo [yodhājīvavaggo (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] catuttho.
PTS 2.185已對照

其攝頌——

戰士、保證人、所聞,無畏、婆羅門真實為第五;

探究、雨行,優波迦、作證與布薩。

Tassuddānaṃ –
Yodhā pāṭibhogasutaṃ, abhayaṃ brāhmaṇasaccena pañcamaṃ;
Ummaggavassakāro, upako sacchikiriyā ca uposathoti.