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增支部 · 三集·大品 Mahāvaggo

本經目錄(七)二、大品一、外道處等經三、韋那伽浦羅經四、沙羅跋經五、羈舍目多經六、薩勒哈經七、論事經八、外道經九、不善根經十、布薩經大品第七。

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(七)二、大品

(7) 2. Mahāvaggo
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一、外道處等經

1. Titthāyatanādisuttaṃ
62緬 1.174已對照

六十二、“諸比丘,有這三種外道處,被智者們盤問、追問、詰問時,即使沿著傳承[追溯]下去,也都止於無作。哪三種[外道處]呢?諸比丘,有一些沙門婆羅門是這樣說、這樣見的——‘凡是這人所感受的任何[感受]——或樂、或苦、或不苦不樂——那一切都以宿作業為因。’諸比丘,有一些沙門婆羅門是這樣說、這樣見的——‘凡是這人所感受的任何[感受]——或樂、或苦、或不苦不樂——那一切都以自在者之化作為因。’諸比丘,有一些沙門婆羅門是這樣說、這樣見的——‘凡是這人所感受的任何[感受]——或樂、或苦、或不苦不樂——那一切都無因無緣。’”

62. ‘‘Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, titthāyatanāni yāni paṇḍitehi samanuyuñjiyamānāni [samanuggāhiyamānāni (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] samanugāhiyamānāni samanubhāsiyamānāni parampi gantvā akiriyāya saṇṭhahanti. Katamāni tīṇi? Santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘yaṃ kiñcāyaṃ purisapuggalo paṭisaṃvedeti sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā sabbaṃ taṃ pubbekatahetū’ti. Santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘yaṃ kiñcāyaṃ purisapuggalo paṭisaṃvedeti sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā sabbaṃ taṃ issaranimmānahetū’ti. Santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘yaṃ kiñcāyaṃ purisapuggalo paṭisaṃvedeti sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā sabbaṃ taṃ ahetuappaccayā’’’ti.
PTS 1.174已對照

“諸比丘,此中,那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門——‘凡是這人所感受的任何[感受]——或樂、或苦、或不苦不樂——那一切都以宿作業為因’——我去到他們那裡,這樣說——‘據說具壽們是這樣說、這樣見的:凡是這人所感受的任何[感受]——或樂、或苦、或不苦不樂——那一切都以宿作業為因,是真的嗎?’他們被我這樣問時,便承認:‘是的。’我就對他們這樣說——‘那麼,具壽們將以宿作業為因而成為殺生者,將以宿作業為因而成為不與取者,將以宿作業為因而成為非梵行者,將以宿作業為因而成為妄語者,將以宿作業為因而成為離間語者,將以宿作業為因而成為粗惡語者,將以宿作業為因而成為雜穢語者,將以宿作業為因而成為貪欲者,將以宿作業為因而成為心懷瞋恚者,將以宿作業為因而成為邪見者。’”

‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘yaṃ kiñcāyaṃ purisapuggalo paṭisaṃvedeti sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā sabbaṃ taṃ pubbekatahetū’ti, tyāhaṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadāmi – ‘saccaṃ kira tumhe āyasmanto evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – yaṃ kiñcāyaṃ purisapuggalo paṭisaṃvedeti sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā sabbaṃ taṃ pubbekatahetū’ti? Te ca me [te ce me (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] evaṃ puṭṭhā ‘āmā’ti [āmoti (sī.)] paṭijānanti. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘tenahāyasmanto pāṇātipātino bhavissanti pubbekatahetu, adinnādāyino bhavissanti pubbekatahetu, abrahmacārino bhavissanti pubbekatahetu, musāvādino bhavissanti pubbekatahetu, pisuṇavācā bhavissanti pubbekatahetu, pharusavācā bhavissanti pubbekatahetu, samphappalāpino bhavissanti pubbekatahetu, abhijjhāluno bhavissanti pubbekatahetu, byāpannacittā bhavissanti pubbekatahetu, micchādiṭṭhikā bhavissanti pubbekatahetu’’’.
緬 1.175已對照

“諸比丘,而對於把宿作業當作堅實而認取的人們來說,便沒有意欲或精勤,[也沒有]‘這是應作的’或‘這是不應作的’。如是,當應作與不應作不能真實、確鑿地被認得時,對失念、無守護而住的[他們]來說,便沒有各自的、如法的沙門之說。諸比丘,這是我對那些這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門的第一個如法的駁斥。

‘‘Pubbekataṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, sārato paccāgacchataṃ na hoti chando vā vāyāmo vā idaṃ vā karaṇīyaṃ idaṃ vā akaraṇīyanti. Iti karaṇīyākaraṇīye kho pana saccato thetato anupalabbhiyamāne muṭṭhassatīnaṃ anārakkhānaṃ viharataṃ na hoti paccattaṃ sahadhammiko samaṇavādo. Ayaṃ kho me, bhikkhave, tesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu evaṃvādīsu evaṃdiṭṭhīsu paṭhamo sahadhammiko niggaho hoti.
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“諸比丘,此中,那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門——‘凡是這人所感受的任何[感受]——或樂、或苦、或不苦不樂——那一切都以自在者之化作為因’——我去到他們那裡,這樣說——‘據說具壽們是這樣說、這樣見的:凡是這人所感受的任何[感受]——或樂、或苦、或不苦不樂——那一切都以自在者之化作為因,是真的嗎?’他們被我這樣問時,便承認:‘是的。’我就對他們這樣說——‘那麼,具壽們將以自在者之化作為因而成為殺生者,將以自在者之化作為因而成為不與取者,將以自在者之化作為因而成為非梵行者,將以自在者之化作為因而成為妄語者,將以自在者之化作為因而成為離間語者,將以自在者之化作為因而成為粗惡語者,將以自在者之化作為因而成為雜穢語者,將以自在者之化作為因而成為貪欲者,將以自在者之化作為因而成為心懷瞋恚者,將以自在者之化作為因而成為邪見者。’”

‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘yaṃ kiñcāyaṃ purisapuggalo paṭisaṃvedeti sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā sabbaṃ taṃ issaranimmānahetū’ti, tyāhaṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadāmi – ‘saccaṃ kira tumhe āyasmanto evaṃvādino evadiṭṭhino – yaṃ kiñcāyaṃ purisapuggalo paṭisaṃvedeti sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā sabbaṃ taṃ issaranimmānahetū’ti? Te ca me evaṃ puṭṭhā ‘āmā’ti paṭijānanti. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘tenahāyasmanto pāṇātipātino bhavissanti issaranimmānahetu, adinnādāyino bhavissanti issaranimmānahetu, abrahmacārino bhavissanti issaranimmānahetu, musāvādino bhavissanti issaranimmānahetu, pisuṇavācā bhavissanti issaranimmānahetu, pharusavācā bhavissanti issaranimmānahetu, samphappalāpino bhavissanti issaranimmānahetu, abhijjhāluno bhavissanti issaranimmānahetu, byāpannacittā bhavissanti issaranimmānahetu, micchādiṭṭhikā bhavissanti issaranimmānahetu’’’.
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“諸比丘,而對於把自在者之化作當作堅實而認取的人們來說,便沒有意欲或精勤,[也沒有]‘這是應作的’或‘這是不應作的’。如是,當應作與不應作不能真實、確鑿地被認得時,對失念、無守護而住的[他們]來說,便沒有各自的、如法的沙門之說。諸比丘,這是我對那些這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門的第二個如法的駁斥。

‘‘Issaranimmānaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, sārato paccāgacchataṃ na hoti chando vā vāyāmo vā idaṃ vā karaṇīyaṃ idaṃ vā akaraṇīyanti. Iti karaṇīyākaraṇīye kho pana saccato thetato anupalabbhiyamāne muṭṭhassatīnaṃ anārakkhānaṃ viharataṃ na hoti paccattaṃ sahadhammiko samaṇavādo. Ayaṃ kho me, bhikkhave, tesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu evaṃvādīsu evaṃdiṭṭhīsu dutiyo sahadhammiko niggaho hoti.
PTS 1.175已對照

“諸比丘,此中,那些是這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門——‘凡是這人所感受的任何[感受]——或樂、或苦、或不苦不樂——那一切都無因無緣’——我去到他們那裡,這樣說——‘據說具壽們是這樣說、這樣見的:凡是這人所感受的任何[感受]——或樂、或苦、或不苦不樂——那一切都無因無緣,是真的嗎?’他們被我這樣問時,便承認:‘是的。’我就對他們這樣說——‘那麼,具壽們將無因無緣而成為殺生者……乃至……將無因無緣而成為邪見者。’”

‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘yaṃ kiṃ cāyaṃ purisapuggalo paṭisaṃvedeti sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā sabbaṃ taṃ ahetuappaccayā’ti, tyāhaṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadāmi – ‘saccaṃ kira tumhe āyasmanto evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – yaṃ kiṃ cāyaṃ purisapuggalo paṭisaṃvedeti sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā sabbaṃ taṃ ahetuappaccayā’ti? Te ca me evaṃ puṭṭhā ‘āmā’ti paṭijānanti. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi – ‘tenahāyasmanto pāṇātipātino bhavissanti ahetuappaccayā…pe… micchādiṭṭhikā bhavissanti ahetuappaccayā’’’.
緬 1.176已對照

“諸比丘,而對於把無因無緣當作堅實而認取的人們來說,便沒有意欲或精勤,[也沒有]‘這是應作的’或‘這是不應作的’。如是,當應作與不應作不能真實、確鑿地被認得時,對失念、無守護而住的[他們]來說,便沒有各自的、如法的沙門之說。諸比丘,這是我對那些這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門的第三個如法的駁斥。

‘‘Ahetuappaccayaṃ [ahetuṃ (sī.), ahetu (syā. kaṃ.), ahetuappaccayā (pī.), ahetuṃ appaccayaṃ (ka.)] kho pana, bhikkhave, sārato paccāgacchataṃ na hoti chando vā vāyāmo vā idaṃ vā karaṇīyaṃ idaṃ vā akaraṇīyanti. Iti karaṇīyākaraṇīye kho pana saccato thetato anupalabbhiyamāne muṭṭhassatīnaṃ anārakkhānaṃ viharataṃ na hoti paccattaṃ sahadhammiko samaṇavādo. Ayaṃ kho me, bhikkhave, tesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu evaṃvādīsu evaṃdiṭṭhīsu tatiyo sahadhammiko niggaho hoti.
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“諸比丘,這就是三種外道處,被智者們盤問、追問、詰問時,即使沿著傳承[追溯]下去,也都止於無作。

‘‘Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi titthāyatanāni yāni paṇḍitehi samanuyuñjiyamānāni samanugāhiyamānāni samanubhāsiyamānāni parampi gantvā akiriyāya saṇṭhahanti.
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“諸比丘,而我所教導的這法,是不被有智的沙門、婆羅門所駁斥、所染汙、所指責、所拒斥的。諸比丘,我所教導的、不被有智的沙門、婆羅門所駁斥、所染汙、所指責、所拒斥的法是什麼呢?諸比丘,‘這六界’——這是我所教導的法,是不被有智的沙門、婆羅門所駁斥、所染汙、所指責、所拒斥的。諸比丘,‘這六觸處’——這是我所教導的法,是不被有智的沙門、婆羅門所駁斥、所染汙、所指責、所拒斥的。諸比丘,‘這十八意近伺’——這是我所教導的法,是不被有智的沙門、婆羅門所駁斥、所染汙、所指責、所拒斥的。諸比丘,‘這四聖諦’——這是我所教導的法,是不被有智的沙門、婆羅門所駁斥、所染汙、所指責、所拒斥的。

‘‘Ayaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo desito aniggahito asaṃkiliṭṭho anupavajjo appaṭikuṭṭho samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhi. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo desito aniggahito asaṃkiliṭṭho anupavajjo appaṭikuṭṭho samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhi? Imā cha dhātuyoti, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo desito aniggahito asaṃkiliṭṭho anupavajjo appaṭikuṭṭho samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhi. Imāni cha phassāyatanānīti, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo desito aniggahito asaṃkiliṭṭho anupavajjo appaṭikuṭṭho samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhi. Ime aṭṭhārasa manopavicārāti, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo desito aniggahito asaṃkiliṭṭho anupavajjo appaṭikuṭṭho samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhi. Imāni cattāri ariyasaccānīti, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo desito aniggahito asaṃkiliṭṭho anupavajjo appaṭikuṭṭho samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhi.
PTS 1.176已對照

“‘諸比丘,“這六界”——這是我所教導的法,是不被有智的沙門、婆羅門所駁斥、所染汙、所指責、所拒斥的’——這樣說了,這是就什麼而說的呢?諸比丘,有這六界——地界、水界、火界、風界、空界、識界。‘諸比丘,“這六界”——這是我所教導的法,是不被有智的沙門、婆羅門所駁斥、所染汙、所指責、所拒斥的’——這樣所說的,就是就這個而說的。

‘‘Imā cha dhātuyoti, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo desito aniggahito asaṃkiliṭṭho anupavajjo appaṭikuṭṭho samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhīti. Iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Chayimā, bhikkhave, dhātuyo – pathavīdhātu, āpodhātu, tejodhātu, vāyodhātu, ākāsadhātu, viññāṇadhātu. Imā cha dhātuyoti, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo desito aniggahito asaṃkiliṭṭho anupavajjo appaṭikuṭṭho samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhīti. Iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
緬 1.177已對照

“‘諸比丘,“這六觸處”——這是我所教導的法,是不被有智的沙門、婆羅門所駁斥、所染汙、所指責、所拒斥的’——這樣說了,這是就什麼而說的呢?諸比丘,有這六觸處——眼觸處、耳觸處、鼻觸處、舌觸處、身觸處、意觸處。‘諸比丘,“這六觸處”——這是我所教導的法,是不被有智的沙門、婆羅門所駁斥、所染汙、所指責、所拒斥的’——這樣所說的,就是就這個而說的。

‘‘Imāni cha phassāyatanānīti, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo desito aniggahito asaṃkiliṭṭho anupavajjo appaṭikuṭṭho samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhīti. Iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Chayimāni, bhikkhave, phassāyatanāni – cakkhu phassāyatanaṃ, sotaṃ phassāyatanaṃ, ghānaṃ phassāyatanaṃ, jivhā phassāyatanaṃ, kāyo phassāyatanaṃ, mano phassāyatanaṃ. Imāni cha phassāyatanānīti, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo desito aniggahito asaṃkiliṭṭho anupavajjo appaṭikuṭṭho samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhīti. Iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
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“‘諸比丘,“這十八意近伺”——這是我所教導的法,是不被有智的沙門、婆羅門所駁斥、所染汙、所指責、所拒斥的’——這樣說了,這是就什麼而說的呢?以眼見色後,近伺於處在喜悅位的色,近伺於處在憂位的色,近伺於處在舍位的色;以耳聞聲後……以鼻嗅香後……以舌嘗味後……以身觸所觸後……以意識知法後,近伺於處在喜悅位的法,近伺於處在憂位的法,近伺於處在舍位的法。‘諸比丘,“這十八意近伺”——這是我所教導的法,是不被有智的沙門、婆羅門所駁斥、所染汙、所指責、所拒斥的’——這樣所說的,就是就這個而說的。

‘‘Ime aṭṭhārasa manopavicārāti, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo desito aniggahito asaṃkiliṭṭho anupavajjo appaṭikuṭṭho samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhīti. Iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā somanassaṭṭhāniyaṃ rūpaṃ upavicarati domanassaṭṭhāniyaṃ rūpaṃ upavicarati upekkhāṭṭhāniyaṃ rūpaṃ upavicarati, sotena saddaṃ sutvā… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya somanassaṭṭhāniyaṃ dhammaṃ upavicarati domanassaṭṭhāniyaṃ dhammaṃ upavicarati upekkhāṭṭhāniyaṃ dhammaṃ upavicarati. Ime aṭṭhārasa manopavicārāti, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo desito aniggahito asaṃkiliṭṭho anupavajjo appaṭikuṭṭho samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhīti. Iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
已對照

“‘諸比丘,“這四聖諦”——這是我所教導的法,是不被有智的沙門、婆羅門所駁斥、所染汙、所指責、所拒斥的’——這樣說了,這是就什麼而說的呢?諸比丘,依六界而有入胎;有入胎時,[便有]名色;以名色為緣而有六處,以六處為緣而有觸,以觸為緣而有受。諸比丘,我是對感受者施設‘此是苦’,施設‘此是苦集’,施設‘此是苦滅’,施設‘此是導至苦滅之道’。

‘‘Imāni cattāri ariyasaccānīti, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo desito aniggahito asaṃkiliṭṭho anupavajjo appaṭikuṭṭho samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhīti. Iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Channaṃ, bhikkhave, dhātūnaṃ upādāya gabbhassāvakkanti hoti; okkantiyā sati nāmarūpaṃ, nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṃ, saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso, phassapaccayā vedanā. Vediyamānassa kho panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, idaṃ dukkhanti paññapemi, ayaṃ dukkhasamudayoti paññapemi, ayaṃ dukkhanirodhoti paññapemi, ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti paññapemi.
PTS 1.177緬 1.178已對照

“諸比丘,什麼是苦聖諦呢?生是苦,老是苦,死是苦,愁、悲、苦、憂、惱是苦,(與不可愛者會合是苦,與可愛者別離是苦,)所求不得也是苦。略言之,五取蘊是苦。諸比丘,這稱為苦聖諦。

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? Jātipi dukkhā, jarāpi dukkhā, ( ) [(byādhipi dukkho) (sī. pī. ka.) aṭṭhakathāya saṃsandetabbaṃ visuddhi. 2.537] maraṇampi dukkhaṃ, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsāpi dukkhā, (appiyehi sampayogo dukkho, piyehi vippayogo dukkho,) [(natthi katthaci)] yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ. Saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.
已對照

“諸比丘,什麼是苦集聖諦呢?以無明為緣而有行,以行為緣而有識,以識為緣而有名色,以名色為緣而有六處,以六處為緣而有觸,以觸為緣而有受,以受為緣而有愛,以愛為緣而有取,以取為緣而有有,以有為緣而有生,以生為緣而有老死、愁、悲、苦、憂、惱生起。這樣,這整個苦蘊就集起了。諸比丘,這稱為苦集聖諦。

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ [dukkhasamudayo (syā. kaṃ.)] ariyasaccaṃ? Avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā, saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ, nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṃ, saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso, phassapaccayā vedanā, vedanāpaccayā taṇhā, taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ, upādānapaccayā bhavo, bhavapaccayā jāti, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.
已對照

“諸比丘,什麼是苦滅聖諦呢?正由無明的無餘離貪、滅,而有行之滅,以行之滅而有識之滅,以識之滅而有名色之滅,以名色之滅而有六處之滅,以六處之滅而有觸之滅,以觸之滅而有受之滅,以受之滅而有愛之滅,以愛之滅而有取之滅,以取之滅而有有之滅,以有之滅而有生之滅,以生之滅而老死、愁、悲、苦、憂、惱便滅。這樣,這整個苦蘊就滅了。諸比丘,這稱為苦滅聖諦。

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ [dukkhanirodho (syā. kaṃ.)] ariyasaccaṃ? Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho, saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho, viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodho, nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodho, saḷāyatananirodhā phassanirodho, phassanirodhā vedanānirodho, vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodho, taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho, upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho, bhavanirodhā jātinirodho, jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.
已對照

“諸比丘,什麼是導至苦滅之道聖諦呢?就是這八支聖道,即:正見、正思惟、正語、正業、正命、正精進、正念、正定。諸比丘,這稱為導至苦滅之道聖諦。‘諸比丘,“這四聖諦”——這是我所教導的法,是不被有智的沙門、婆羅門所駁斥、所染汙、所指責、所拒斥的’——這樣所說的,就是就這個而說的。”第一[經]。

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. ‘Imāni cattāri ariyasaccānī’ti, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo desito aniggahito asaṃkiliṭṭho anupavajjo appaṭikuṭṭho samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhīti. Iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vutta’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.
63PTS 1.178緬 1.179已對照

六十三、“諸比丘,無聞凡夫說‘有這三種母子不能相救的怖畏’。哪三種[怖畏]呢?諸比丘,有這樣的時候:大火災發生。諸比丘,而大火災發生時,由此,村落被燒,市鎮被燒,城市被燒。當村落被燒、市鎮被燒、城市被燒時,在那裡,母親見不到兒子,兒子也見不到母親。諸比丘,無聞凡夫說‘這是第一種母子不能相救的怖畏’。

63. ‘‘Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, amātāputtikāni bhayānīti assutavā puthujjano bhāsati. Katamāni tīṇi? Hoti so, bhikkhave, samayo yaṃ mahāaggiḍāho vuṭṭhāti. Mahāaggiḍāhe kho pana, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhite tena gāmāpi ḍayhanti nigamāpi ḍayhanti nagarāpi ḍayhanti. Gāmesupi ḍayhamānesu nigamesupi ḍayhamānesu nagaresupi ḍayhamānesu tattha mātāpi puttaṃ nappaṭilabhati, puttopi mātaraṃ nappaṭilabhati. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamaṃ amātāputtikaṃ bhayanti assutavā puthujjano bhāsati.
已對照

“再者,諸比丘,有這樣的時候:大雨雲興起。諸比丘,而大雨雲興起時,大洪水發生。諸比丘,而大洪水發生時,由此,村落被沖走,市鎮被沖走,城市被沖走。當村落被沖走、市鎮被沖走、城市被沖走時,在那裡,母親見不到兒子,兒子也見不到母親。諸比丘,無聞凡夫說‘這是第二種母子不能相救的怖畏’。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, hoti so samayo yaṃ mahāmegho vuṭṭhāti. Mahāmeghe kho pana, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhite mahāudakavāhako sañjāyati. Mahāudakavāhake kho pana, bhikkhave, sañjāyante tena gāmāpi vuyhanti nigamāpi vuyhanti nagarāpi vuyhanti. Gāmesupi vuyhamānesu nigamesupi vuyhamānesu nagaresupi vuyhamānesu tattha mātāpi puttaṃ nappaṭilabhati, puttopi mātaraṃ nappaṭilabhati. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, dutiyaṃ amātāputtikaṃ bhayanti assutavā puthujjano bhāsati.
已對照

“再者,諸比丘,有這樣的時候:有怖畏——林中[盜賊]作亂,鄉民們登上輪而四處流離。諸比丘,而當有怖畏、林中[盜賊]作亂、鄉民們登上輪而四處流離時,在那裡,母親見不到兒子,兒子也見不到母親。諸比丘,無聞凡夫說‘這是第三種母子不能相救的怖畏’。諸比丘,無聞凡夫說‘這就是三種母子不能相救的怖畏’。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, hoti so samayo yaṃ bhayaṃ hoti aṭavisaṅkopo, cakkasamāruḷhā jānapadā pariyāyanti. Bhaye kho pana, bhikkhave, sati aṭavisaṅkope cakkasamāruḷhesu jānapadesu pariyāyantesu tattha mātāpi puttaṃ nappaṭilabhati, puttopi mātaraṃ nappaṭilabhati. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, tatiyaṃ amātāputtikaṃ bhayanti assutavā puthujjano bhāsati. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi amātāputtikāni bhayānīti assutavā puthujjano bhāsati.
PTS 1.179已對照

“諸比丘,而這三種其實是母子能相救的怖畏,無聞凡夫卻說[它們]是‘母子不能相救的怖畏’。哪三種[怖畏]呢?諸比丘,有這樣的時候:大火災發生。諸比丘,而大火災發生時,由此,村落被燒,市鎮被燒,城市被燒。當村落被燒、市鎮被燒、城市被燒時,有這樣的時候:有時偶爾,母親也能見到兒子,兒子也能見到母親。諸比丘,這第一種其實是母子能相救的怖畏,無聞凡夫卻說[它]是‘母子不能相救的怖畏’。

‘‘Tāni kho panimāni [imāni kho (sī.), imāni kho pana (ka.)], bhikkhave, tīṇi samātāputtikāniyeva bhayāni amātāputtikāni bhayānīti assutavā puthujjano bhāsati. Katamāni tīṇi? Hoti so, bhikkhave, samayo yaṃ mahāaggiḍāho vuṭṭhāti. Mahāaggiḍāhe kho pana, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhite tena gāmāpi ḍayhanti nigamāpi ḍayhanti nagarāpi ḍayhanti. Gāmesupi ḍayhamānesu nigamesupi ḍayhamānesu nagaresupi ḍayhamānesu hoti so samayo yaṃ kadāci karahaci mātāpi puttaṃ paṭilabhati, puttopi mātaraṃ paṭilabhati. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamaṃ samātāputtikaṃyeva bhayaṃ amātāputtikaṃ bhayanti assutavā puthujjano bhāsati.
緬 1.180已對照

“再者,諸比丘,有這樣的時候:大雨雲興起。諸比丘,而大雨雲興起時,大洪水發生。諸比丘,而大洪水已發生時,由此,村落被沖走,市鎮被沖走,城市被沖走。當村落被沖走、市鎮被沖走、城市被沖走時,有這樣的時候:有時偶爾,母親也能見到兒子,兒子也能見到母親。諸比丘,這第二種其實是母子能相救的怖畏,無聞凡夫卻說[它]是‘母子不能相救的怖畏’。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, hoti so samayo yaṃ mahāmegho vuṭṭhāti. Mahāmeghe kho pana, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhite mahāudakavāhako sañjāyati. Mahāudakavāhake kho pana, bhikkhave, sañjāte tena gāmāpi vuyhanti nigamāpi vuyhanti nagarāpi vuyhanti. Gāmesupi vuyhamānesu nigamesupi vuyhamānesu nagaresupi vuyhamānesu hoti so samayo yaṃ kadāci karahaci mātāpi puttaṃ paṭilabhati, puttopi mātaraṃ paṭilabhati. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, dutiyaṃ samātāputtikaṃyeva bhayaṃ amātāputtikaṃ bhayanti assutavā puthujjano bhāsati.
已對照

“再者,諸比丘,有這樣的時候:有怖畏——林中[盜賊]作亂,鄉民們登上輪而四處流離。諸比丘,而當有怖畏、林中[盜賊]作亂、鄉民們登上輪而四處流離時,有這樣的時候:有時偶爾,母親也能見到兒子,兒子也能見到母親。諸比丘,這第三種其實是母子能相救的怖畏,無聞凡夫卻說[它]是‘母子不能相救的怖畏’。“諸比丘,這三種其實是母子能相救的怖畏,無聞凡夫卻說[它們]是‘母子不能相救的怖畏’。”

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, hoti so samayo yaṃ bhayaṃ hoti aṭavisaṅkopo, cakkasamāruḷhā jānapadā pariyāyanti. Bhaye kho pana, bhikkhave, sati aṭavisaṅkope cakkasamāruḷhesu jānapadesu pariyāyantesu hoti so samayo yaṃ kadāci karahaci mātāpi puttaṃ paṭilabhati, puttopi mātaraṃ paṭilabhati. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, tatiyaṃ samātāputtikaṃyeva bhayaṃ amātāputtikaṃ bhayanti assutavā puthujjano bhāsati. ‘‘Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi samātāputtikāniyeva bhayāni amātāputtikāni bhayānīti assutavā puthujjano bhāsati’’.
已對照

“諸比丘,有這三種母子不能相救的怖畏。哪三種[怖畏]呢?老怖畏、病怖畏、死怖畏。諸比丘,兒子在衰老時,母親不能如此如願:‘我來衰老,別讓我的兒子衰老。’或者母親在衰老時,兒子也不能如此如願:‘我來衰老,別讓我的母親衰老。’”

‘‘Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, amātāputtikāni bhayāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Jarābhayaṃ, byādhibhayaṃ, maraṇabhayanti. Na, bhikkhave, mātā puttaṃ jīramānaṃ evaṃ labhati – ‘ahaṃ jīrāmi, mā me putto jīrī’ti; putto vā pana mātaraṃ jīramānaṃ na evaṃ labhati – ‘ahaṃ jīrāmi, mā me mātā jīrī’’’ti.
已對照

“諸比丘,兒子在生病時,母親不能如此如願:‘我來生病,別讓我的兒子生病。’或者母親在生病時,兒子也不能如此如願:‘我來生病,別讓我的母親生病。’”

‘‘Na, bhikkhave, mātā puttaṃ byādhiyamānaṃ evaṃ labhati – ‘ahaṃ byādhiyāmi, mā me putto byādhiyī’ti; putto vā pana mātaraṃ byādhiyamānaṃ na evaṃ labhati – ‘ahaṃ byādhiyāmi, mā me mātā byādhiyī’’’ti.
已對照

“諸比丘,兒子在死去時,母親不能如此如願:‘我來死,別讓我的兒子死。’或者母親在死去時,兒子也不能如此如願:‘我來死,別讓我的母親死。’諸比丘,這就是三種母子不能相救的怖畏。”

‘‘Na, bhikkhave, mātā puttaṃ mīyamānaṃ evaṃ labhati – ‘ahaṃ mīyāmi, mā me putto mīyī’ti; putto vā pana mātaraṃ mīyamānaṃ na evaṃ labhati – ‘ahaṃ mīyāmi, mā me mātā mīyī’ti. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi amātāputtikāni bhayānī’’ti.
PTS 1.180緬 1.181已對照

“諸比丘,有道、有行道,導向這三種母子能相救的怖畏與這三種母子不能相救的怖畏的舍斷、超越。諸比丘,導向這三種母子能相救的怖畏與這三種母子不能相救的怖畏的舍斷、超越的道是什麼、行道是什麼呢?就是這八支聖道,即:正見、正思惟、正語、正業、正命、正精進、正念、正定。諸比丘,這就是導向這三種母子能相救的怖畏與這三種母子不能相救的怖畏的舍斷、超越的道,這就是[那]行道。”第二[經]。

‘‘Atthi, bhikkhave, maggo atthi paṭipadā imesañca tiṇṇaṃ samātāputtikānaṃ bhayānaṃ imesañca tiṇṇaṃ amātāputtikānaṃ bhayānaṃ pahānāya samatikkamāya saṃvattati. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, maggo katamā ca paṭipadā imesañca tiṇṇaṃ samātāputtikānaṃ bhayānaṃ imesañca tiṇṇaṃ amātāputtikānaṃ bhayānaṃ pahānāya samatikkamāya saṃvattati? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkapo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, maggo ayaṃ paṭipadā imesañca tiṇṇaṃ samātāputtikānaṃ bhayānaṃ imesañca tiṇṇaṃ amātāputtikānaṃ bhayānaṃ pahānāya samatikkamāya saṃvattatī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
已對照

三、韋那伽浦羅經

3. Venāgapurasuttaṃ
64已對照

六十四、一時,世尊在憍薩羅國遊行,與大比丘僧團一同來到憍薩羅人一個名叫韋那伽浦羅(Venāgapura)的婆羅門村。韋那伽浦羅的婆羅門居士們聽說:“諸位,據說沙門喬達摩——釋迦子,從釋迦家族出家者——已到達韋那伽浦羅。關於那位喬達摩尊師,有這樣的善名聲傳揚:‘那位世尊亦即是阿羅漢、正等正覺者、明行具足、善逝、世間解、無上者、調御丈夫、天人導師、佛陀、世尊。’他自己以證智證知這個有諸天、魔、梵天的世間,以及有沙門、婆羅門、諸天與人的人眾之後,予以宣說。他教導初善、中善、後善的,具足義理與文句的法,顯示完全圓滿、遍淨的梵行。能夠見到這樣的阿羅漢,真是很好。”

64. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ yena venāgapuraṃ nāma kosalānaṃ brāhmaṇagāmo tadavasari. Assosuṃ kho venāgapurikā brāhmaṇagahapatikā – ‘‘samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito venāgapuraṃ anuppatto. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti [bhagavā (sī. syā kaṃ. pī.) idaṃ suttavaṇṇanāya aṭṭhakathāya saṃsandetabbaṃ pārā. 1; dī. ni. 1.255 passitabbaṃ]. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’’ti.
PTS 1.181已對照

於是韋那伽浦羅的婆羅門居士們前往世尊之處;到了之後,有些禮敬世尊之後坐在一旁,有些與世尊互相問候、交談了一番愉快而值得憶念的話之後坐在一旁,有些向世尊合掌之後坐在一旁,有些說出自己的名與姓之後坐在一旁,有些默然坐在一旁。坐在一旁的韋那伽浦羅的婆蹉種(Vacchagotta)婆羅門對世尊這樣說——

Atha kho venāgapurikā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu, appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu, sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu, appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu, appekacce nāmagottaṃ sāvetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu, appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho venāgapuriko vacchagotto brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
緬 1.182已對照

“稀有啊,喬達摩尊師!未曾有啊,喬達摩尊師!喬達摩尊師的諸根何其明淨,膚色清淨皎潔!喬達摩尊師,猶如秋天的淡黃棗子,清淨皎潔;同樣,喬達摩尊師的諸根明淨,膚色清淨皎潔。喬達摩尊師,猶如剛從[果]蒂脫落的熟多羅果,清淨皎潔;同樣,喬達摩尊師的諸根明淨,膚色清淨皎潔。喬達摩尊師,猶如一件閻浮檀金所制的金飾,經熟練的鍛工之子善加整治、在爐口中善巧鍛打,置於黃褐毛毯上,照耀、熾熱、放光;同樣,喬達摩尊師的諸根明淨,膚色清淨皎潔。喬達摩尊師,凡那些高床大床(uccāsayanamahāsayana),即:高腳椅、獸形腳臥床、長毛毯、彩色毛毯、白色毛毯、繡花毛毯、棉絮褥墊、繡像毛毯、雙面起毛毯、單面起毛毯、綴寶石的絲織敷具、絲綢敷具、可供舞女起舞的大羊毛毯、象背毯、馬背毯、車毯、羚羊皮編席、迦陀利鹿皮的殊勝敷具、帶華蓋的床、兩端有紅枕的床——喬達摩尊師想必是這樣的高床大床的隨願而得者(nikāmalābhī)、不難而得者(akicchalābhī)、豐足而得者(akasiralābhī)吧。”

‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bho gotama, abbhutaṃ, bho gotama! Yāvañcidaṃ bhoto gotamassa vippasannāni indriyāni, parisuddho chavivaṇṇo pariyodāto. Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, sāradaṃ badarapaṇḍuṃ [maṇḍaṃ (ka.)] parisuddhaṃ hoti pariyodātaṃ; evamevaṃ bhoto gotamassa vippasannāni indriyāni parisuddho chavivaṇṇo pariyodāto. Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, tālapakkaṃ sampati bandhanā pamuttaṃ [muttaṃ (sī. pī. ka.)] parisuddhaṃ hoti pariyodātaṃ; evamevaṃ bhoto gotamassa vippasannāni indriyāni parisuddho chavivaṇṇo pariyodāto. Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nekkhaṃ [nikkhaṃ-itipi (ma. ni. 3.168)] jambonadaṃ dakkhakammāraputtasuparikammakataṃ ukkāmukhe sukusalasampahaṭṭhaṃ paṇḍukambale nikkhittaṃ bhāsate ca tapate ca virocati ca; evamevaṃ bhoto gotamassa vippasannāni indriyāni parisuddho chavivaṇṇo pariyodāto. Yāni tāni, bho gotama, uccāsayanamahāsayanāni, seyyathidaṃ – āsandi pallaṅko gonako cittako paṭikā paṭalikā tūlikā vikatikā uddalomī ekantalomī kaṭṭissaṃ koseyyaṃ kuttakaṃ hatthattharaṃ assattharaṃ rathattharaṃ ajinappaveṇī kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇaṃ [kādalimigapavarapaccattharaṇaṃ (sī.)] sauttaracchadaṃ ubhatolohitakūpadhānaṃ, evarūpānaṃ nūna bhavaṃ gotamo uccāsayanamahāsayanānaṃ nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī’’ti.
已對照

“婆羅門,凡那些高床大床,即:高腳椅、獸形腳臥床、長毛毯、彩色毛毯、白色毛毯、繡花毛毯、棉絮褥墊、繡像毛毯、雙面起毛毯、單面起毛毯、綴寶石的絲織敷具、絲綢敷具、可供舞女起舞的大羊毛毯、象背毯、馬背毯、車毯、羚羊皮編席、迦陀利鹿皮的殊勝敷具、帶華蓋的床、兩端有紅枕的床——那些對出家人而言是難得的,而且即使得到了也不許可。

‘‘Yāni kho pana tāni, brāhmaṇa, uccāsayanamahāsayanāni, seyyathidaṃ – āsandi pallaṅko gonako cittako paṭikā paṭalikā tūlikā vikatikā uddalomī ekantalomī kaṭṭissaṃ koseyyaṃ kuttakaṃ hatthattharaṃ assattharaṃ rathattharaṃ ajinappaveṇī kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇaṃ sauttaracchadaṃ ubhatolohitakūpadhānaṃ. Dullabhāni tāni pabbajitānaṃ laddhā ca pana [laddhāni ca (sī. syā. kaṃ.), laddhā ca (pī.)] na kappanti.
PTS 1.182已對照

“婆羅門,有這三種高床大床,我現在是它們的隨願而得者、不難而得者、豐足而得者。哪三種[高床大床]呢?天的高床大床、梵的高床大床、聖的高床大床。婆羅門,這就是三種高床大床,我現在是它們的隨願而得者、不難而得者、豐足而得者。”

‘‘Tīṇi kho, imāni, brāhmaṇa, uccāsayanamahāsayanāni, yesāhaṃ etarahi nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī. Katamāni tīṇi? Dibbaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ, brahmaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ, ariyaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ. Imāni kho, brāhmaṇa, tīṇi uccāsayanamahāsayanāni, yesāhaṃ etarahi nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī’’ti.
PTS 1.183緬 1.183已對照

“喬達摩尊師,那麼,什麼是天的高床大床——喬達摩尊師現在是它的隨願而得者、不難而得者、豐足而得者?”“婆羅門,在此,我依止哪個村落或市鎮而住,我就在上午穿好[下衣],取了缽與衣,進入那個村落或市鎮乞食。我於食後從托缽處返回,便進入林野之中。在那裡凡有草或葉,我把它們聚攏在一處,結跏趺而坐,保持其身正直,使念現起於面前。我已離諸欲,離諸不善法,有尋、有伺,離生喜、樂,成就並住於初禪。尋、伺寂止,內潔淨,心專一性,無尋、無伺,定生喜、樂,成就並住於第二禪。離喜,住於舍,具念與正知,以身受樂,正如聖者們所說的:‘舍、具念、樂住。’成就並住於第三禪。舍斷樂與舍斷苦,先前的喜、憂已經滅沒,不苦不樂,舍念清淨,成就並住於第四禪。婆羅門,若我如是而經行,那時我的這經行就是天的經行。婆羅門,若我如是而站立,那時我的這站立就是天的站立。婆羅門,若我如是而坐,那時我的這座位就是天的座位。婆羅門,若我如是而躺臥,那時我的這高床大床就是天的高床大床。婆羅門,這就是天的高床大床,我現在是它的隨願而得者、不難而得者、豐足而得者。”

‘‘Katamaṃ pana taṃ, bho gotama, dibbaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ, yassa bhavaṃ gotamo etarahi nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī’’ti? ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, yaṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya viharāmi, so pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya tameva gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisāmi. So pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto vanantaññeva pavisāmi [pacārayāmi (sī. syā. kaṃ.)]. So yadeva tattha honti tiṇāni vā paṇṇāni vā tāni ekajjhaṃ saṅgharitvā nisīdāmi pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. So vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi; vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi; pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharāmi sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedemi, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi; sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. So ce ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, evaṃbhūto caṅkamāmi, dibbo me eso tasmiṃ samaye caṅkamo hoti. So ce ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, evaṃbhūto tiṭṭhāmi, dibbaṃ me etaṃ tasmiṃ samaye ṭhānaṃ hoti. So ce ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, evaṃbhūto nisīdāmi, dibbaṃ me etaṃ tasmiṃ samaye āsanaṃ hoti. So ce ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, evaṃbhūto seyyaṃ kappemi, dibbaṃ me etaṃ tasmiṃ samaye uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ hoti. Idaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, dibbaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ, yassāhaṃ etarahi nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī’’ti.
已對照

“稀有啊,喬達摩尊師!未曾有啊,喬達摩尊師!除了喬達摩尊師之外,還有誰會是這樣的天的高床大床的隨願而得者、不難而得者、豐足而得者呢!

‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bho gotama, abbhutaṃ, bho gotama! Ko cañño evarūpassa dibbassa uccāsayanamahāsayanassa nikāmalābhī bhavissati akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, aññatra bhotā gotamena!
緬 1.184已對照

“喬達摩尊師,那麼,什麼是梵的高床大床——喬達摩尊師現在是它的隨願而得者、不難而得者、豐足而得者?”“婆羅門,在此,我依止哪個村落或市鎮而住,我就在上午穿好[下衣],取了缽與衣,進入那個村落或市鎮乞食。我於食後從托缽處返回,便進入林野之中。在那裡凡有草或葉,我把它們聚攏在一處,結跏趺而坐,保持其身正直,使念現起於面前。我以與慈俱的心遍滿一方而住,第二[方]亦然,第三[方]亦然,第四[方]亦然。如是於上、下、四方,於一切處,以一切為己,以與慈俱的心,廣、大、無量、無怨、無惱害,遍滿一切世間而住。以與悲俱的心……乃至……以與喜俱的心……乃至……以與舍俱的心遍滿一方而住,第二[方]亦然,第三[方]亦然,第四[方]亦然。如是於上、下、四方,於一切處,以一切為己,以與舍俱的心,廣、大、無量、無怨、無惱害,遍滿一切世間而住。婆羅門,若我如是而經行,那時我的這經行就是梵的經行。婆羅門,若我如是而站立……乃至……而坐……乃至……而躺臥,那時我的這高床大床就是梵的高床大床。婆羅門,這就是梵的高床大床,我現在是它的隨願而得者、不難而得者、豐足而得者。”

‘‘Katamaṃ pana taṃ, bho gotama, brahmaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ, yassa bhavaṃ gotamo etarahi nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī’’ti? ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, yaṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya viharāmi, so pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya tameva gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisāmi. So pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto vanantaññeva pavisāmi. So yadeva tattha honti tiṇāni vā paṇṇāni vā tāni ekajjhaṃ saṅgharitvā nisīdāmi pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. So mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharāmi, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ, iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjhena [abyāpajjhena (sabbattha)] pharitvā viharāmi. Karuṇāsahagatena cetasā…pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā…pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharāmi, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ [catutthiṃ (sī.)], iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjhena pharitvā viharāmi. So ce ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, evaṃbhūto caṅkamāmi, brahmā me eso tasmiṃ samaye caṅkamo hoti. So ce ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, evaṃbhūto tiṭṭhāmi…pe… nisīdāmi…pe… seyyaṃ kappemi, brahmaṃ me etaṃ tasmiṃ samaye uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ hoti. Idaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, brahmaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ, yassāhaṃ etarahi nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī’’ti.
PTS 1.184已對照

“稀有啊,喬達摩尊師!未曾有啊,喬達摩尊師!除了喬達摩尊師之外,還有誰會是這樣的梵的高床大床的隨願而得者、不難而得者、豐足而得者呢!

‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bho gotama, abbhutaṃ, bho gotama! Ko cañño evarūpassa brahmassa uccāsayanamahāsayanassa nikāmalābhī bhavissati akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, aññatra bhotā gotamena!
緬 1.185已對照

“喬達摩尊師,那麼,什麼是聖的高床大床——喬達摩尊師現在是它的隨願而得者、不難而得者、豐足而得者?”“婆羅門,在此,我依止哪個村落或市鎮而住,我就在上午穿好[下衣],取了缽與衣,進入那個村落或市鎮乞食。我於食後從托缽處返回,便進入林野之中。在那裡凡有草或葉,我把它們聚攏在一處,結跏趺而坐,保持其身正直,使念現起於面前。我這樣了知:‘我的貪已斷,根已斷,已作成如斷[頂]的多羅樹[樁],已令歸於不存在,未來不再生起之法;我的瞋已斷,根已斷,已作成如斷[頂]的多羅樹[樁],已令歸於不存在,未來不再生起之法;我的痴已斷,根已斷,已作成如斷[頂]的多羅樹[樁],已令歸於不存在,未來不再生起之法。’婆羅門,若我如是而經行,那時我的這經行就是聖的經行。婆羅門,若我如是而站立……乃至……而坐……乃至……而躺臥,那時我的這高床大床就是聖的高床大床。婆羅門,這就是聖的高床大床,我現在是它的隨願而得者、不難而得者、豐足而得者。”

‘‘Katamaṃ pana taṃ, bho gotama, ariyaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ, yassa bhavaṃ gotamo etarahi nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī’’ti? ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, yaṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya viharāmi, so pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya tameva gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisāmi. So pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto vanantaññeva pavisāmi. So yadeva tattha honti tiṇāni vā paṇṇāni vā tāni ekajjhaṃ saṅgharitvā nisīdāmi pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. So evaṃ jānāmi – ‘rāgo me pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo; doso me pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṅkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo; moho me pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṅkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo’. So ce ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, evaṃbhūto caṅkamāmi, ariyo me eso tasmiṃ samaye caṅkamo hoti. So ce ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, evaṃbhūto tiṭṭhāmi…pe… nisīdāmi…pe… seyyaṃ kappemi, ariyaṃ me etaṃ tasmiṃ samaye uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ hoti. Idaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, ariyaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ, yassāhaṃ etarahi nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī’’ti.
已對照

“稀有啊,喬達摩尊師!未曾有啊,喬達摩尊師!除了喬達摩尊師之外,還有誰會是這樣的聖的高床大床的隨願而得者、不難而得者、豐足而得者呢!

‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bho gotama, abbhutaṃ, bho gotama! Ko cañño evarūpassa ariyassa uccāsayanamahāsayanassa nikāmalāmī bhavissati akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, aññatra bhotā gotamena!
PTS 1.185已對照

“奇哉!喬達摩尊師,奇哉!喬達摩尊師。喬達摩尊師,猶如把倒覆的扶起,把遮蔽的揭開,為迷路者指示道路,在黑暗中持來油燈,使有眼者得見諸色。正是如此,喬達摩尊師以種種方式開顯了法。我們皈依喬達摩尊師、法與比丘僧團。願喬達摩尊師憶持我們為優婆塞,從今日起,終生皈依。”第三[經]。

‘‘Abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama! Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṃ kho bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Ete mayaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsake no bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupete saraṇaṃ gate’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
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四、沙羅跋經

4. Sarabhasuttaṃ
65緬 1.186已對照

六十五、如是我聞——一時,世尊住在王舍城靈鷲山。那時,名叫沙羅跋(Sarabha)的遊方者剛離開這個法與律不久。他在王舍城的會眾中這樣說——“我已了知釋迦子沙門之法;正是了知了釋迦子沙門之法之後,我才離開了那法與律。”那時,眾多比丘在上午穿好[下衣],取了缽與衣,進入王舍城乞食。那些比丘聽到沙羅跋遊方者在王舍城的會眾中這樣說——“我已了知釋迦子沙門之法;正是了知了釋迦子沙門之法之後,我才離開了那法與律。”

65. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Tena kho pana samayena sarabho nāma paribbājako acirapakkanto hoti imasmā dhammavinayā. So rājagahe parisati [parisatiṃ (sī. pī.)] evaṃ vācaṃ bhāsati – ‘‘aññāto mayā samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtikānaṃ dhammo. Aññāya ca panāhaṃ samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtikānaṃ dhammaṃ evāhaṃ tasmā dhammavinayā apakkanto’’ti. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya rājagahaṃ piṇḍāya pavisiṃsu. Assosuṃ kho te bhikkhū sarabhassa paribbājakassa rājagahe parisati evaṃ vācaṃ bhāsamānassa – ‘‘aññāto mayā samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtikānaṃ dhammo. Aññāya ca panāhaṃ samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtikānaṃ dhammaṃ evāhaṃ tasmā dhammavinayā apakkanto’’ti.
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於是那些比丘在王舍城乞食而行,於食後從托缽處返回,來到世尊之處;到了之後禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那些比丘對世尊這樣說——“尊者,名叫沙羅跋的遊方者剛離開這個法與律不久。他在王舍城的會眾中這樣說:‘我已了知釋迦子沙門之法;正是了知了釋迦子沙門之法之後,我才離開了那法與律。’尊者,善哉,請世尊出於悲憫,前往悉毘尼迦(Sippinikā)[河]岸的遊方者園、沙羅跋遊方者之處。”世尊以默然表示接受。

Atha kho te bhikkhū rājagahe piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘sarabho nāma, bhante, paribbājako acirapakkanto imasmā dhammavinayā. So rājagahe parisati evaṃ vācaṃ bhāsati – ‘aññāto mayā samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtikānaṃ dhammo. Aññāya ca panāhaṃ samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtikānaṃ dhammaṃ evāhaṃ tasmā dhammavinayā apakkanto’ti. Sādhu bhante, bhagavā yena sippinikātīraṃ [sappinikātīraṃ (sī. pī.), sappiniyā tīraṃ (syā. kaṃ.)] paribbājakārāmo yena sarabho paribbājako tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.
PTS 1.186已對照

於是,世尊在傍晚時分從宴默中起來,前往悉毘尼迦[河]岸的遊方者園、沙羅跋遊方者之處;到了之後,坐在所敷設的座位上。坐下之後,世尊對沙羅跋遊方者這樣說——“沙羅跋,據說你這樣說:‘我已了知釋迦子沙門之法;正是了知了釋迦子沙門之法之後,我才離開了那法與律。’——是真的嗎?”這樣說時,沙羅跋遊方者默然。

Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena sippinikātīraṃ paribbājakārāmo yena sarabho paribbājako tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā sarabhaṃ paribbājakaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, sarabha, evaṃ vadesi – ‘aññāto mayā samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtikānaṃ dhammo. Aññāya ca panāhaṃ samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtikānaṃ dhammaṃ evāhaṃ tasmā dhammavinayā apakkanto’’’ti? Evaṃ vutte sarabho paribbājako tuṇhī ahosi.
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世尊第二次對沙羅跋遊方者這樣說——“沙羅跋,說吧,釋迦子沙門之法是怎樣被你了知的?若你[所知]不圓滿,我會使它圓滿;若你[所知]圓滿,我會隨喜。”沙羅跋遊方者第二次也默然。

Dutiyampi kho, bhagavā sarabhaṃ paribbājakaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘vadehi, sarabha, kinti te aññāto samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtikānaṃ dhammo? Sace te aparipūraṃ bhavissati, ahaṃ paripūressāmi. Sace pana te paripūraṃ bhavissati, ahaṃ anumodissāmī’’ti. Dutiyampi kho sarabho paribbājako tuṇhī ahosi.
緬 1.187已對照

世尊第三次對沙羅跋遊方者這樣說——(“沙羅跋,凡所顯現的釋迦子沙門之法——)“沙羅跋,說吧,釋迦子沙門之法是怎樣被你了知的?若你[所知]不圓滿,我會使它圓滿;若你[所知]圓滿,我會隨喜。”沙羅跋遊方者第三次也默然。

Tatiyampi kho bhagavā sarabhaṃ paribbājakaṃ etadavoca – (‘‘yo [mayā (syā. kaṃ. pī.)] kho sarabha paññāyati samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtikānaṃ dhammo) [( ) sī. potthake natthi] ‘‘vadehi, sarabha, kinti te aññāto samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtikānaṃ dhammo? Sace te aparipūraṃ bhavissati, ahaṃ paripūressāmi. Sace pana te paripūraṃ bhavissati, ahaṃ anumodissāmī’’ti. Tatiyampi kho sarabho paribbājako tuṇhī ahosi.
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於是那些遊方者對沙羅跋遊方者這樣說——“沙羅跋賢友,凡你可能向沙門喬達摩請求的,沙門喬達摩正把那個主動給予你。沙羅跋賢友,說吧,釋迦子沙門之法是怎樣被你了知的?若你[所知]不圓滿,沙門喬達摩會使它圓滿;若你[所知]圓滿,沙門喬達摩會隨喜。”這樣說時,沙羅跋遊方者默然、神情沮喪、垂肩、低頭、沉鬱而無言以對地坐著。

Atha kho te paribbājakā sarabhaṃ paribbājakaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘yadeva kho tvaṃ, āvuso sarabha, samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ yāceyyāsi tadeva te samaṇo gotamo pavāreti. Vadehāvuso sarabha, kinti te aññāto samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtikānaṃ dhammo? Sace te aparipūraṃ bhavissati, samaṇo gotamo paripūressati. Sace pana te paripūraṃ bhavissati, samaṇo gotamo anumodissatī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte sarabho paribbājako tuṇhībhūto maṅkubhūto pattakkhandho adhomukho pajjhāyanto appaṭibhāno nisīdi.
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於是世尊知道沙羅跋遊方者默然、神情沮喪、垂肩、低頭、沉鬱而無言以對,便對那些遊方者這樣說——

Atha kho bhagavā sarabhaṃ paribbājakaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ maṅkubhūtaṃ pattakkhandhaṃ adhomukhaṃ pajjhāyantaṃ appaṭibhānaṃ viditvā te paribbājake etadavoca –
PTS 1.187已對照

“遊方者們,若有人對我這樣說:‘你自稱是正等正覺者,[可是]這些法你並未現等覺’,我就在那一點上好好地盤問他、追問他、詰問他。被我好好地盤問、追問、詰問時,他不落入三處中的某一處,這是無處、無機會的:他會以別事答別事,會把話頭推到外邊去,會顯露出忿、瞋與不悅,會默然、神情沮喪、垂肩、低頭、沉鬱而無言以對地坐著,就像沙羅跋遊方者那樣。

‘‘Yo kho maṃ, paribbājakā [paribbājako (pī. ka.)], evaṃ vadeyya – ‘sammāsambuddhassa te paṭijānato ime dhammā anabhisambuddhā’ti, tamahaṃ tattha sādhukaṃ samanuyuñjeyyaṃ samanugāheyyaṃ samanubhāseyyaṃ. So vata mayā sādhukaṃ samanuyuñjiyamāno samanugāhiyamāno samanubhāsiyamāno aṭṭhānametaṃ anavakāso yaṃ so tiṇṇaṃ ṭhānānaṃ nāññataraṃ [aññataraṃ (ka.)] ṭhānaṃ nigaccheyya, aññena vā aññaṃ paṭicarissati, bahiddhā kathaṃ apanāmessati, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukarissati, tuṇhībhūto maṅkubhūto [tuṇhībhūto vā maṅkubhūto (sī. syā. kaṃ.), tuṇhībhūto vā maṅkubhūto vā (pī.)] pattakkhandho adhomukho pajjhāyanto appaṭibhāno nisīdissati, seyyathāpi sarabho paribbājako.
緬 1.188已對照

“遊方者們,若有人對我這樣說:‘你自稱是漏盡者,[可是]這些漏你並未遍盡’,我就在那一點上好好地盤問他、追問他、詰問他。被我好好地盤問、追問、詰問時,他不落入三處中的某一處,這是無處、無機會的:他會以別事答別事,會把話頭推到外邊去,會顯露出忿、瞋與不悅,會默然、神情沮喪、垂肩、低頭、沉鬱而無言以對地坐著,就像沙羅跋遊方者那樣。

‘‘Yo kho maṃ, paribbājakā, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘khīṇāsavassa te paṭijānato ime āsavā aparikkhīṇā’ti, tamahaṃ tattha sādhukaṃ samanuyuñjeyyaṃ samanugāheyyaṃ samanubhāseyyaṃ. So vata mayā sādhukaṃ samanuyuñjiyamāno samanugāhiyamāno samanubhāsiyamāno aṭṭhānametaṃ anavakāso yaṃ so tiṇṇaṃ ṭhānānaṃ nāññataraṃ ṭhānaṃ nigaccheyya, aññena vā aññaṃ paṭicarissati, bahiddhā kathaṃ apanāmessati, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukarissati, tuṇhībhūto maṅkubhūto pattakkhandho adhomukho pajjhāyanto appaṭibhāno nisīdissati, seyyathāpi sarabho paribbājako.
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“遊方者們,若有人對我這樣說:‘凡你為某[種]目的所說的法,那[法]並不能引導實行者正確地滅盡苦’,我就在那一點上好好地盤問他、追問他、詰問他。被我好好地盤問、追問、詰問時,他不落入三處中的某一處,這是無處、無機會的:他會以別事答別事,會把話頭推到外邊去,會顯露出忿、瞋與不悅,會默然、神情沮喪、垂肩、低頭、沉鬱而無言以對地坐著,就像沙羅跋遊方者那樣。”於是世尊在悉毘尼迦[河]岸的遊方者園三次作了獅子吼之後,騰空而去。

‘‘Yo kho maṃ, paribbājakā, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘yassa kho pana te atthāya dhammo desito, so na niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāyā’ti, tamahaṃ tattha sādhukaṃ samanuyuñjeyyaṃ samanugāheyyaṃ samanubhāseyyaṃ. So vata mayā sādhukaṃ samanuyuñjiyamāno samanugāhiyamāno samanubhāsiyamāno aṭṭhānametaṃ anavakāso yaṃ so tiṇṇaṃ ṭhānānaṃ nāññataraṃ ṭhānaṃ nigaccheyya, aññena vā aññaṃ paṭicarissati, bahiddhā kathaṃ apanāmessati, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukarissati, tuṇhībhūto maṅkubhūto pattakkhandho adhomukho pajjhāyanto appaṭibhāno nisīdissati, seyyathāpi sarabho paribbājako’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā sippinikātīre paribbājakārāme tikkhattuṃ sīhanādaṃ naditvā vehāsaṃ pakkāmi.
PTS 1.188緬 1.189已對照

於是世尊離去後不久,那些遊方者便以言語的刺棒從四面八方戳刺沙羅跋遊方者——“沙羅跋賢友,猶如在大林中,一隻老豺[想著]‘我要作獅子吼’,卻只作豺嗥,只作難聽的怪嗥;同樣,沙羅跋賢友,你撇開沙門喬達摩,[想著]‘我要作獅子吼’,卻只作豺嗥,只作難聽的怪嗥。沙羅跋賢友,猶如一隻小母雞[想著]‘我要作雄雞之啼’,卻只作小母雞之啼;同樣,沙羅跋賢友,你撇開沙門喬達摩,[想著]‘我要作雄雞之啼’,卻只作小母雞之啼。沙羅跋賢友,猶如一頭公牛在空的牛舍裡,以為應當深沉地吼叫;同樣,沙羅跋賢友,你撇開沙門喬達摩,以為應當深沉地吼叫。”於是那些遊方者以言語的刺棒從四面八方戳刺沙羅跋遊方者。第四[經]。

Atha kho te paribbājakā acirapakkantassa bhagavato sarabhaṃ paribbājakaṃ samantato vācāyasannitodakena [vācāsattitodakena (sī.)] sañjambharimakaṃsu [sañcumbharimakaṃsu (pī., dī. ni. 1.421) saṃ. ni. 2.243 uparipāṭho viya] – ‘‘seyyathāpi, āvuso sarabha, brahāraññe jarasiṅgālo ‘sīhanādaṃ nadissāmī’ti siṅgālakaṃyeva [segālakaṃyeva (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] nadati, bheraṇḍakaṃyeva nadati [bhedaṇḍakaṃ (ka.)]; evamevaṃ kho tvaṃ, āvuso sarabha, aññatreva samaṇena gotamena ‘sīhanādaṃ nadissāmī’ti siṅgālakaṃyeva nadasi bheraṇḍakaṃyeva nadasi. Seyyathāpi, āvuso sarabha, ambukasañcarī [ambakamaddarī (sī.)] ‘purisakaravitaṃ [phussakaravitaṃ (sī.), pussakaravitaṃ (syā. kaṃ. pī.)] ravissāmī’ti ambukasañcariravitaṃyeva ravati; evamevaṃ kho tvaṃ, āvuso sarabha, aññatreva samaṇena gotamena ‘purisakaravitaṃ ravissāmī’ti, ambukasañcariravitaṃyeva ravasi. Seyyathāpi, āvuso sarabha, usabho suññāya gosālāya gambhīraṃ naditabbaṃ maññati; evamevaṃ kho tvaṃ, āvuso sarabha, aññatreva samaṇena gotamena gambhīraṃ naditabbaṃ maññasī’’ti. Atha kho te paribbājakā sarabhaṃ paribbājakaṃ samantato vācāyasannitodakena sañjambharimakaṃsūti. Catutthaṃ.
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五、羈舍目多經

5. Kesamuttisuttaṃ
66PTS 1.189緬 1.190已對照

六十六、如是我聞——一時,世尊在憍薩羅國遊行,與大比丘僧團一同來到迦羅摩人(Kālāmā)一個名叫羈舍目多(Kesamutta)的市鎮。羈舍目多的迦羅摩人聽說:“諸位,據說沙門喬達摩——釋迦子,從釋迦家族出家者——已到達羈舍目多。關於那位喬達摩尊師,有這樣的善名聲傳揚:‘那位世尊亦即是……乃至……能夠見到這樣的阿羅漢,真是很好。’”

於是羈舍目多的迦羅摩人前往世尊之處;到了之後,有些禮敬世尊之後坐在一旁,有些與世尊互相問候、交談了一番愉快而值得憶念的話之後坐在一旁,有些向世尊合掌之後坐在一旁,有些說出自己的名與姓之後坐在一旁,有些默然坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那些羈舍目多的迦羅摩人對世尊這樣說——

“尊者,有一些沙門婆羅門來到羈舍目多。他們只顯明、光揚自己的論說,而對他人的論說則加以譏刺、輕蔑、貶低、棄置。尊者,又有另一些沙門婆羅門來到羈舍目多。他們也只顯明、光揚自己的論說,而對他人的論說則加以譏刺、輕蔑、貶低、棄置。尊者,我們對他們確實有疑惑、有猶豫:‘這些沙門婆羅門尊者之中,究竟誰說的是真,誰說的是假?’”“迦羅摩人啊,你們確實適於疑惑,適於猶豫;你們的猶豫是在應當疑惑之處生起的。”

“來吧,迦羅摩人啊,你們不要[依]傳聞,不要[依]師承相傳,不要[依]道聽途說,不要[依]藏經傳授,不要[依]推論之因,不要[依]理路之因,不要[依]行相思擇,不要[依]對見思量後的接受,不要[依][說者]看似堪信,不要[依]‘這沙門是我們的老師’。迦羅摩人啊,當你們自己了知:‘這些法是不善的,這些法是有罪的,這些法是智者所呵責的,這些法受持、踐行之後導向不利與苦’,那時,迦羅摩人啊,你們就應當舍斷[它們]。

“迦羅摩人啊,你們認為怎樣?貪在人的內心生起時,是為利益而生起,還是為不利而生起?”

“為不利,尊者。”

“迦羅摩人啊,而這貪婪的人被貪所征服、心被遍盡,他也殺生,也取不與,也侵犯他人之妻,也說妄語,也勸導他人趣於那樣的狀態——那長夜導致他的不利與苦。”

“是的,尊者。”

“迦羅摩人啊,你們認為怎樣?瞋在人的內心生起時,是為利益而生起,還是為不利而生起?”

“為不利,尊者。”

“迦羅摩人啊,而這瞋怒的人被瞋所征服、心被遍盡,他也殺生,也取不與,也侵犯他人之妻,也說妄語,也勸導他人趣於那樣的狀態——那長夜導致他的不利與苦。”

“是的,尊者。”

“迦羅摩人啊,你們認為怎樣?痴在人的內心生起時,是為利益而生起,還是為不利而生起?”

“為不利,尊者。”

“迦羅摩人啊,而這愚痴的人被痴所征服、心被遍盡,他也殺生,也取不與,也侵犯他人之妻,也說妄語,也勸導他人趣於那樣的狀態——那長夜導致他的不利與苦。”

“是的,尊者。”

“迦羅摩人啊,你們認為怎樣?這些法是善還是不善?”

“不善,尊者。”

“是有罪還是無罪?”

“有罪,尊者。”

“是智者所呵責還是智者所稱讚?”

“智者所呵責,尊者。”

“受持、踐行之後是導向不利與苦,還是不然?或者,你們對此怎麼看?”

“受持、踐行之後是導向不利與苦,尊者;我們對此正是這樣看的。”

“迦羅摩人啊,如是,我們曾說:‘來吧,迦羅摩人啊!你們不要[依]傳聞,不要[依]師承相傳,不要[依]道聽途說,不要[依]藏經傳授,不要[依]推論之因,不要[依]理路之因,不要[依]行相思擇,不要[依]對見思量後的接受,不要[依][說者]看似堪信,不要[依]“這沙門是我們的老師”。當你們自己了知“這些法是不善的,這些法是有罪的,這些法是智者所呵責的,這些法受持、踐行之後導向不利與苦”,那時,迦羅摩人啊,你們就應當舍斷[它們]’——這樣所說的,就是就這個而說的。

“來吧,迦羅摩人啊,你們不要[依]傳聞,不要[依]師承相傳,不要[依]道聽途說,不要[依]藏經傳授,不要[依]推論之因,不要[依]理路之因,不要[依]行相思擇,不要[依]對見思量後的接受,不要[依][說者]看似堪信,不要[依]‘這沙門是我們的老師’。迦羅摩人啊,當你們自己了知:‘這些法是善的,這些法是無罪的,這些法是智者所稱讚的,這些法受持、踐行之後導向利益與安樂’,那時,迦羅摩人啊,你們就應當成就並住於[它們]。

“迦羅摩人啊,你們認為怎樣?無貪在人的內心生起時,是為利益而生起,還是為不利而生起?”

“為利益,尊者。”

“迦羅摩人啊,而這不貪婪的人不被貪所征服、心不被遍盡,他既不殺生,也不取不與,也不侵犯他人之妻,也不說妄語,也不勸導他人趣於那樣的狀態——那長夜導致他的利益與安樂。”

“是的,尊者。”

“迦羅摩人啊,你們認為怎樣?無瞋在人的內心生起時,生起……乃至……無痴在人的內心生起時,生起……乃至……利益與安樂。”

“是的,尊者。”

“迦羅摩人啊,你們認為怎樣?這些法是善還是不善?”

“善,尊者。”

“是有罪還是無罪?”

“無罪,尊者。”

“是智者所呵責還是智者所稱讚?”

“智者所稱讚,尊者。”

“受持、踐行之後是導向利益與安樂,還是不然?或者,你們對此怎麼看?”

“受持、踐行之後是導向利益與安樂,尊者;我們對此正是這樣看的。”

“迦羅摩人啊,如是,我們曾說:‘來吧,迦羅摩人啊!你們不要[依]傳聞,不要[依]師承相傳,不要[依]道聽途說,不要[依]藏經傳授,不要[依]推論之因,不要[依]理路之因,不要[依]行相思擇,不要[依]對見思量後的接受,不要[依][說者]看似堪信,不要[依]“這沙門是我們的老師”。當你們自己了知“這些法是善的,這些法是無罪的,這些法是智者所稱讚的,這些法受持、踐行之後導向利益與安樂”,那時,迦羅摩人啊,你們就應當成就並住於[它們]’——這樣所說的,就是就這個而說的。

“迦羅摩人啊,那位聖弟子如是離貪欲、離瞋恚、不迷亂、正知、具念,以與慈俱的心遍滿一方而住,第二[方]亦然,第三[方]亦然,第四[方]亦然。如是於上、下、四方,於一切處,以一切為己,以與慈俱的心,廣、大、無量、無怨、無惱害,遍滿一切世間而住。以與悲俱的心……乃至……以與喜俱的心……乃至……以與舍俱的心遍滿一方而住,第二[方]亦然,第三[方]亦然,第四[方]亦然。如是於上、下、四方,於一切處,以一切為己,以與舍俱的心,廣、大、無量、無怨、無惱害,遍滿一切世間而住。

“迦羅摩人啊,那位聖弟子如是心無怨、如是心無惱害、如是心無雜染、如是心清淨,他於現法中就已獲得四種依託(assāsa)。‘若有他世,有善作、惡作之業的果與異熟,那麼我身壞命終之後,將投生於善趣、天界’——這是他已獲得的第一種依託。

“‘若沒有他世,沒有善作、惡作之業的果與異熟,那麼我就在現法中守護無怨、無惱害、無惱、安樂的自己’——這是他已獲得的第二種依託。

“‘若造作者便有惡被造作,而我並不對任何人意圖惡事;我不作惡業,苦從何處觸及我呢?’——這是他已獲得的第三種依託。

“‘若造作者並無惡被造作,那麼我觀見自己在兩方面都是清淨的’——這是他已獲得的第四種依託。

“迦羅摩人啊,那位聖弟子如是心無怨、如是心無惱害、如是心無雜染、如是心清淨,他於現法中就已獲得這四種依託。”

“如是,世尊!如是,善逝!尊者,那位聖弟子如是心無怨、如是心無惱害、如是心無雜染、如是心清淨,他於現法中就已獲得四種依託。‘若有他世,有善作、惡作之業的果與異熟,那麼我身壞命終之後,將投生於善趣、天界’——這是他已獲得的第一種依託。

“‘若沒有他世,沒有善作、惡作之業的果與異熟,那麼我就在現法中守護無怨、無惱害、無惱、安樂的自己’——這是他已獲得的第二種依託。

“‘若造作者便有惡被造作,而我並不對任何人意圖惡事;我不作惡業,苦從何處觸及我呢?’——這是他已獲得的第三種依託。

“‘若造作者並無惡被造作,那麼我觀見自己在兩方面都是清淨的’——這是他已獲得的第四種依託。

“尊者,那位聖弟子如是心無怨、如是心無惱害、如是心無雜染、如是心清淨,他於現法中就已獲得這四種依託。

“奇哉!尊者……乃至……尊者,我們皈依世尊、法與比丘僧團。尊者,願世尊憶持我們為優婆塞,從今日起,終生皈依。”第五[經]。

66. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ yena kesamuttaṃ [kesaputtaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] nāma kālāmānaṃ nigamo tadavasari. Assosuṃ kho kesamuttiyā kālāmā – ‘‘samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito kesamuttaṃ anuppatto. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – ‘itipi so bhagavā…pe… sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’’’ti.
Atha kho kesamuttiyā kālāmā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu, appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu, sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu, appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu, appekacce nāmagottaṃ sāvetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu, appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te kesamuttiyā kālāmā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ –
‘‘Santi, bhante, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kesamuttaṃ āgacchanti. Te sakaṃyeva vādaṃ dīpenti jotenti, parappavādaṃ pana khuṃsenti vambhenti paribhavanti omakkhiṃ [opapakkhiṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.), omakkhikaṃ (ka.)] karonti. Aparepi, bhante, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kesamuttaṃ āgacchanti. Tepi sakaṃyeva vādaṃ dīpenti jotenti, parappavādaṃ pana khuṃsenti vambhenti paribhavanti omakkhiṃ karonti. Tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ hoteva kaṅkhā hoti vicikicchā – ‘ko su nāma imesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ āha, ko musā’’’ti? ‘‘Alañhi vo, kālāmā, kaṅkhituṃ alaṃ vicikicchituṃ. Kaṅkhanīyeva pana [kaṅkhanīyeva ca pana (saṃyuttanikāye)] vo ṭhāne vicikicchā uppannā’’.
‘‘Etha tumhe, kālāmā, mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti. Yadā tumhe, kālāmā, attanāva jāneyyātha – ‘ime dhammā akusalā, ime dhammā sāvajjā, ime dhammā viññugarahitā, ime dhammā samattā samādinnā [samādiṇṇā (ka.)] ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattantī’’’ti, atha tumhe, kālāmā, pajaheyyātha.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, kālāmā, lobho purisassa ajjhattaṃ uppajjamāno uppajjati hitāya vā ahitāya vā’’ti?
‘‘Ahitāya, bhante’’.
‘‘Luddho panāyaṃ, kālāmā, purisapuggalo lobhena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto pāṇampi hanati, adinnampi ādiyati, paradārampi gacchati, musāpi bhaṇati, parampi tathattāya [tadatthāya (ka.)] samādapeti, yaṃ sa [yaṃ tassa (ka.) anantarasutte pana ‘‘yaṃ’ sa’’ itveva sabbatthapi dissati] hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāyā’’ti.
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, kālāmā, doso purisassa ajjhattaṃ uppajjamāno uppajjati hitāya vā ahitāya vā’’ti?
‘‘Ahitāya, bhante’’.
‘‘Duṭṭho panāyaṃ, kālāmā, purisapuggalo dosena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto pāṇampi hanati [hanti (sī. pī.)], adinnampi ādiyati, paradārampi gacchati, musāpi bhaṇati, parampi tathattāya samādapeti, yaṃ sa hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāyā’’ti.
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, kālāmā, moho purisassa ajjhattaṃ uppajjamāno uppajjati hitāya vā ahitāya vā’’ti?
‘‘Ahitāya, bhante’’.
‘‘Mūḷho panāyaṃ, kālāmā, purisapuggalo mohena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto pāṇampi hanati, adinnampi ādiyati, paradārampi gacchati, musāpi bhaṇati, parampi tathattāya samādapeti, yaṃ sa hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāyā’’ti.
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, kālāmā, ime dhammā kusalā vā akusalā vā’’ti?
‘‘Akusalā, bhante’’.
‘‘Sāvajjā vā anavajjā vā’’ti?
‘‘Sāvajjā, bhante’’.
‘‘Viññugarahitā vā viññuppasatthā vā’’ti?
‘‘Viññugarahitā, bhante’’.
‘‘Samattā samādinnā ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanti, no vā? Kathaṃ vā [kathaṃ vā vo (?)] ettha hotī’’ti?
‘‘Samattā, bhante, samādinnā ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattantīti. Evaṃ no ettha hotī’’ti.
‘‘Iti kho, kālāmā, yaṃ taṃ avocumhā [avocumha (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) a. ni. 4.193] – ‘etha tumhe, kālāmā! Mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti. Yadā tumhe kālāmā attanāva jāneyyātha – ‘ime dhammā akusalā, ime dhammā sāvajjā, ime dhammā viññugarahitā, ime dhammā samattā samādinnā ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattantīti, atha tumhe, kālāmā, pajaheyyāthā’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
‘‘Etha tumhe, kālāmā, mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti. Yadā tumhe, kālāmā, attanāva jāneyyātha – ‘ime dhammā kusalā, ime dhammā anavajjā, ime dhammā viññuppasatthā, ime dhammā samattā samādinnā hitāya sukhāya saṃvattantī’ti, atha tumhe, kālāmā, upasampajja vihareyyātha.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, kālāmā, alobho purisassa ajjhattaṃ uppajjamāno uppajjati hitāya vā ahitāya vā’’ti?
‘‘Hitāya, bhante’’.
‘‘Aluddho panāyaṃ, kālāmā, purisapuggalo lobhena anabhibhūto apariyādinnacitto neva pāṇaṃ hanati, na adinnaṃ ādiyati, na paradāraṃ gacchati, na musā bhaṇati, na parampi tathattāya samādapeti, yaṃ sa hoti dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti.
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, kālāmā, adoso purisassa ajjhattaṃ uppajjamāno uppajjati…pe… amoho purisassa ajjhattaṃ uppajjamāno uppajjati…pe… hitāya sukhāyā’’ti.
‘‘Evaṃ bhante’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, kālāmā, ime dhammā kusalā vā akusalā vā’’ti?
‘‘Kusalā, bhante’’.
‘‘Sāvajjā vā anavajjā vā’’ti?
‘‘Anavajjā, bhante’’.
‘‘Viññugarahitā vā viññuppasatthā vā’’ti?
‘‘Viññuppasatthā, bhante’’.
‘‘Samattā samādinnā hitāya sukhāya saṃvattanti no vā? Kathaṃ vā ettha hotī’’ti?
‘‘Samattā, bhante, samādinnā hitāya sukhāya saṃvattanti. Evaṃ no ettha hotī’’ti.
‘‘Iti kho, kālāmā, yaṃ taṃ avocumhā – ‘etha tumhe, kālāmā! Mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti. Yadā tumhe, kālāmā, attanāva jāneyyātha – ime dhammā kusalā, ime dhammā anavajjā, ime dhammā viññuppasatthā, ime dhammā samattā samādinnā hitāya sukhāya saṃvattantīti, atha tumhe, kālāmā, upasampajja vihareyyāthā’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
‘‘Sa kho so [yo kho (ka.)], kālāmā, ariyasāvako evaṃ vigatābhijjho vigatabyāpādo asammūḷho sampajāno patissato [sato (ka.)] mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ, iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjhena pharitvā viharati. Karuṇāsahagatena cetasā…pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā…pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ, iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjhena pharitvā viharati.
‘‘Sa [sace (ka.)] kho so, kālāmā, ariyasāvako evaṃ averacitto evaṃ abyāpajjhacitto evaṃ asaṃkiliṭṭhacitto evaṃ visuddhacitto. Tassa diṭṭheva dhamme cattāro assāsā adhigatā honti. ‘Sace kho pana atthi paro loko, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ [sukaṭadukkaṭānaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, athāhaṃ [ṭhānamahaṃ (sī. pī.), ṭhānametaṃ yenāhaṃ (syā. kaṃ.)] kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissāmī’ti, ayamassa paṭhamo assāso adhigato hoti.
‘‘‘Sace kho pana natthi paro loko, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, athāhaṃ [idhāhaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] diṭṭheva dhamme averaṃ abyāpajjhaṃ anīghaṃ sukhiṃ [sukhaṃ (sī.), sukhī (syā. kaṃ.)] attānaṃ pariharāmī’ti, ayamassa dutiyo assāso adhigato hoti.
‘‘‘Sace kho pana karoto karīyati pāpaṃ, na kho panāhaṃ kassaci pāpaṃ cetemi. Akarontaṃ kho pana maṃ pāpakammaṃ kuto dukkhaṃ phusissatī’ti, ayamassa tatiyo assāso adhigato hoti.
‘‘‘Sace kho pana karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ, athāhaṃ ubhayeneva visuddhaṃ attānaṃ samanupassāmī’ti, ayamassa catuttho assāso adhigato hoti.
‘‘Sa kho so, kālāmā, ariyasāvako evaṃ averacitto evaṃ abyāpajjhacitto evaṃ asaṃkiliṭṭhacitto evaṃ visuddhacitto. Tassa diṭṭheva dhamme ime cattāro assāsā adhigatā hontī’’ti.
‘‘Evametaṃ, bhagavā, evametaṃ, sugata! Sa kho so, bhante, ariyasāvako evaṃ averacitto evaṃ abyāpajjhacitto evaṃ asaṃkiliṭṭhacitto evaṃ visuddhacitto. Tassa diṭṭheva dhamme cattāro assāsā adhigatā honti. ‘Sace kho pana atthi paro loko, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, athāhaṃ kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissāmī’ti, ayamassa paṭhamo assāso adhigato hoti.
‘‘‘Sace kho pana natthi paro loko, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, athāhaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme averaṃ abyāpajjhaṃ anīghaṃ sukhiṃ attānaṃ pariharāmī’ti, ayamassa dutiyo assāso adhigato hoti.
‘‘Sace kho pana karoto karīyati pāpaṃ, na kho panāhaṃ – kassaci pāpaṃ cetemi, akarontaṃ kho pana maṃ pāpakammaṃ kuto dukkhaṃ phusissatī’ti, ayamassa tatiyo assāso adhigato hoti.
‘‘‘Sace kho pana karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ, athāhaṃ ubhayeneva visuddhaṃ attānaṃ samanupassāmī’ti, ayamassa catuttho assāso adhigato hoti.
‘‘Sa kho so, bhante, ariyasāvako evaṃ averacitto evaṃ abyāpajjhacitto evaṃ asaṃkiliṭṭhacitto evaṃ visuddhacitto. Tassa diṭṭheva dhamme ime cattāro assāsā adhigatā honti.
‘‘Abhikkantaṃ, bhante…pe… ete mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsake no, bhante, bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupete saraṇaṃ gate’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
已對照

六、薩勒哈經

6. Sāḷhasuttaṃ
67PTS 1.194緬 1.195已對照

六十七、如是我聞——一時,具壽難陀迦(Nandaka)住在舍衛城東園鹿子母講堂。那時,彌伽羅之孫薩勒哈(Sāḷha)與施佉尼耶之孫沙那(Sāṇa)來到具壽難陀迦之處;到了之後,禮敬具壽難陀迦,坐在一旁。具壽難陀迦對坐在一旁的彌伽羅之孫薩勒哈這樣說——

“來吧,薩勒哈們,你們不要[依]傳聞,不要[依]師承相傳,不要[依]道聽途說,不要[依]藏經傳授,不要[依]推論之因,不要[依]理路之因,不要[依]行相思擇,不要[依]對見思量後的接受,不要[依][說者]看似堪信,不要[依]‘這沙門是我們的老師’。薩勒哈們,當你們自己了知:‘這些法是不善的,這些法是有罪的,這些法是智者所呵責的,這些法受持、踐行之後導向不利與苦’,那時,薩勒哈們,你們就應當舍斷[它們]。

“薩勒哈們,你們認為怎樣?有貪嗎?”

“是的,尊者。”

“薩勒哈們,我把這一事稱為‘貪欲’。薩勒哈們,這貪婪的貪欲者,他也殺生,也取不與,也侵犯他人之妻,也說妄語,也勸導他人趣於那樣的狀態——那長夜導致他的不利與苦。”

“是的,尊者。”

“薩勒哈們,你們認為怎樣?有瞋嗎?”

“是的,尊者。”

“薩勒哈們,我把這一事稱為‘瞋恚’。薩勒哈們,這瞋怒的心已壞損者,他也殺生,也取不與,也侵犯他人之妻,也說妄語,也勸導他人趣於那樣的狀態——那長夜導致他的不利與苦。”

“是的,尊者。”

“薩勒哈們,你們認為怎樣?有痴嗎?”

“是的,尊者。”

“薩勒哈們,我把這一事稱為‘無明’。薩勒哈們,這愚痴的陷入了無明者,他也殺生,也取不與,也侵犯他人之妻,也說妄語,也勸導他人趣於那樣的狀態——那長夜導致他的不利與苦。”

“是的,尊者。”

“薩勒哈們,你們認為怎樣?這些法是善還是不善?”

“不善,尊者。”

“是有罪還是無罪?”

“有罪,尊者。”

“是智者所呵責還是智者所稱讚?”

“智者所呵責,尊者。”

“受持、踐行之後是導向不利與苦,還是不然?或者,你們對此怎麼看?”

“受持、踐行之後是導向不利與苦,尊者;我們對此正是這樣看的。”

“薩勒哈們,如是,我們曾說:‘來吧,薩勒哈們!你們不要[依]傳聞,不要[依]師承相傳,不要[依]道聽途說,不要[依]藏經傳授,不要[依]推論之因,不要[依]理路之因,不要[依]行相思擇,不要[依]對見思量後的接受,不要[依][說者]看似堪信,不要[依]“這沙門是我們的老師”。當你們自己了知“這些法是不善的,這些法是有罪的,這些法是智者所呵責的,這些法受持、踐行之後導向不利與苦”,那時,薩勒哈們,你們就應當舍斷[它們]’——這樣所說的,就是就這個而說的。

“來吧,薩勒哈們,你們不要[依]傳聞,不要[依]師承相傳,不要[依]道聽途說,不要[依]藏經傳授,不要[依]推論之因,不要[依]理路之因,不要[依]行相思擇,不要[依]對見思量後的接受,不要[依][說者]看似堪信,不要[依]‘這沙門是我們的老師’。薩勒哈們,當你們自己了知:‘這些法是善的,這些法是無罪的,這些法是智者所稱讚的,這些法受持、踐行之後導向利益與安樂’,那時,薩勒哈們,你們就應當成就並住於[它們]。

“薩勒哈們,你們認為怎樣?有無貪嗎?”

“是的,尊者。”

“薩勒哈們,我把這一事稱為‘無貪欲’。薩勒哈們,這不貪婪的無貪欲者,他既不殺生,也不取不與,也不侵犯他人之妻,也不說妄語,也不勸導他人趣於那樣的狀態——那長夜導致他的利益與安樂。”

“是的,尊者。”

“薩勒哈們,你們認為怎樣?有無瞋嗎?”

“是的,尊者。”

“薩勒哈們,我把這一事稱為‘無瞋恚’。薩勒哈們,這不瞋怒的心無壞損者,他既不殺生,也不取不與,也不侵犯他人之妻,也不說妄語,也不勸導他人趣於那樣的狀態——那長夜導致他的利益與安樂。”

“是的,尊者。”

“薩勒哈們,你們認為怎樣?有無痴嗎?”

“是的,尊者。”

“薩勒哈們,我把這一事稱為‘明’。薩勒哈們,這不愚痴的已達於明者,他既不殺生,也不取不與,也不侵犯他人之妻,也不說妄語,也不勸導他人趣於那樣的狀態——那長夜導致他的利益與安樂。”

“是的,尊者。”

“薩勒哈們,你們認為怎樣?這些法是善還是不善?”

“善,尊者。”

“是有罪還是無罪?”

“無罪,尊者。”

“是智者所呵責還是智者所稱讚?”

“智者所稱讚,尊者。”

“受持、踐行之後是導向利益與安樂,還是不然?或者,你們對此怎麼看?”

“受持、踐行之後是導向利益與安樂,尊者;我們對此正是這樣看的。”

“薩勒哈們,如是,我們曾說:‘來吧,薩勒哈們!你們不要[依]傳聞,不要[依]師承相傳,不要[依]道聽途說,不要[依]藏經傳授,不要[依]推論之因,不要[依]理路之因,不要[依]行相思擇,不要[依]對見思量後的接受,不要[依][說者]看似堪信,不要[依]“這沙門是我們的老師”。當你們自己了知“這些法是善的,這些法是無罪的,這些法是智者所稱讚的,這些法受持、踐行之後長夜導向利益與安樂”,那時,薩勒哈們,你們就應當成就並住於[它們]’——這樣所說的,就是就這個而說的。

“薩勒哈們,那位聖弟子如是離貪欲、離瞋恚、不迷亂、正知、具念,以與慈俱的心……乃至……悲……乃至……喜……乃至……以與舍俱的心遍滿一方而住,第二[方]亦然,第三[方]亦然,第四[方]亦然。如是於上、下、四方,於一切處,以一切為己,以與舍俱的心,廣、大、無量、無怨、無惱害,遍滿一切世間而住。他這樣了知:‘有此,有劣,有勝,有此想所攝者的更上出離。’當他這樣知、這樣見時,心從欲漏解脫,心從有漏解脫,心從無明漏解脫;解脫時便有‘已解脫’之智。他了知:‘生已盡,梵行已立,應作已作,再無後有。’

“他這樣了知:‘先前有貪,那是不善;它現在沒有了,這就是善。先前有瞋……乃至……先前有痴,那是不善;它現在沒有了,這就是善。’他就在現法中無飢渴、已寂滅、已清涼,領受樂,以已成梵的自身而住。”第六[經]。

67. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā nandako sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Atha kho sāḷho ca migāranattā sāṇo ca sekhuniyanattā [rohaṇo ca pekhuṇiyanattā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] yenāyasmā nandako tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ nandakaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho sāḷhaṃ migāranattāraṃ āyasmā nandako etadavoca –
‘‘Etha tumhe, sāḷhā, mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti. Yadā tumhe, sāḷhā, attanāva jāneyyātha ‘ime dhammā akusalā, ime dhammā sāvajjā, ime dhammā viññugarahitā, ime dhammā samattā samādinnā ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattantī’ti, atha tumhe sāḷhā pajaheyyātha.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, sāḷhā, atthi lobho’’ti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Abhijjhāti kho ahaṃ, sāḷhā, etamatthaṃ vadāmi. Luddho kho ayaṃ, sāḷhā, abhijjhālu pāṇampi hanati, adinnampi ādiyati, paradārampi gacchati, musāpi bhaṇati, parampi tathattāya samādapeti, yaṃ sa hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāyā’’ti.
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, sāḷhā, atthi doso’’ti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Byāpādoti kho ahaṃ, sāḷhā, etamatthaṃ vadāmi. Duṭṭho kho ayaṃ, sāḷhā, byāpannacitto pāṇampi hanati, adinnampi ādiyati, paradārampi gacchati, musāpi bhaṇati, parampi tathattāya samādapeti, yaṃ sa hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāyā’’ti.
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, sāḷhā, atthi moho’’ti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Avijjāti kho ahaṃ, sāḷhā, etamatthaṃ vadāmi. Mūḷho kho ayaṃ, sāḷhā, avijjāgato pāṇampi hanati, adinnampi ādiyati, paradārampi gacchati, musāpi bhaṇati, parampi tathattāya samādapeti, yaṃ sa hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāyā’’ti.
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, sāḷhā, ime dhammā kusalā vā akusalā vā’’ti?
‘‘Akusalā, bhante’’.
‘‘Sāvajjā vā anavajjā vā’’ti?
‘‘Sāvajjā, bhante’’.
‘‘Viññugarahitā vā viññuppasatthā vā’’ti?
‘‘Viññugarahitā, bhante’’.
‘‘Samattā samādinnā ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanti, no vā? Kathaṃ vā ettha hotī’’ti?
‘‘Samattā, bhante, samādinnā ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattantīti. Evaṃ no ettha hotī’’ti.
‘‘Iti kho, sāḷhā, yaṃ taṃ avocumhā – ‘etha tumhe, sāḷhā, mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti. Yadā tumhe, sāḷhā, attanāva jāneyyātha – ime dhammā akusalā, ime dhammā sāvajjā, ime dhammā viññugarahitā, ime dhammā samattā samādinnā ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattantīti, atha tumhe, sāḷhā, pajaheyyāthā’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
‘‘Etha tumhe, sāḷhā, mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti. Yadā tumhe, sāḷhā, attanāva jāneyyātha – ‘ime dhammā kusalā, ime dhammā anavajjā, ime dhammā viññuppasatthā, ime dhammā samattā samādinnā hitāya sukhāya saṃvattantī’ti, atha tumhe, sāḷhā, upasampajja vihareyyātha.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, sāḷhā, atthi alobho’’ti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Anabhijjhāti kho ahaṃ, sāḷhā, etamatthaṃ vadāmi. Aluddho kho ayaṃ, sāḷhā, anabhijjhālu neva pāṇaṃ hanati, na adinnaṃ ādiyati, na paradāraṃ gacchati, na musā bhaṇati, parampi na tathattāya samādapeti, yaṃ sa hoti dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti.
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, sāḷhā, atthi adoso’’ti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Abyāpādoti kho ahaṃ, sāḷhā, etamatthaṃ vadāmi. Aduṭṭho kho ayaṃ, sāḷhā, abyāpannacitto neva pāṇaṃ hanati, na adinnaṃ ādiyati, na paradāraṃ gacchati, na musā bhaṇati, parampi na tathattāya samādapeti, yaṃ sa hoti dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti.
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, sāḷhā, atthi amoho’’ti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Vijjāti kho ahaṃ, sāḷhā, etamatthaṃ vadāmi. Amūḷho kho ayaṃ, sāḷhā, vijjāgato neva pāṇaṃ hanati, na adinnaṃ ādiyati, na paradāraṃ gacchati, na musā bhaṇati, parampi na tathattāya samādapeti, yaṃ sa hoti dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti.
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, sāḷhā, ime dhammā kusalā vā akusalā vā’’ti?
‘‘Kusalā, bhante’’.
‘‘Sāvajjā vā anavajjā vā’’ti?
‘‘Anavajjā, bhante’’.
‘‘Viññugarahitā vā viññuppasatthā vā’’ti?
‘‘Viññuppasatthā, bhante’’.
‘‘Samattā samādinnā hitāya sukhāya saṃvattanti, no vā? Kathaṃ vā ettha hotī’’ti?
‘‘Samattā, bhante, samādinnā hitāya sukhāya saṃvattantīti. Evaṃ no ettha hotī’’ti.
‘‘Iti kho, sāḷhā, yaṃ taṃ avocumhā – ‘etha tumhe, sāḷhā, mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti. Yadā tumhe, sāḷhā, attanāva jāneyyātha – ime dhammā kusalā, ime dhammā anavajjā, ime dhammā viññuppasatthā, ime dhammā samattā samādinnā dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya saṃvattantīti, atha tumhe, sāḷhā, upasampajja vihareyyāthā’ti, iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
‘‘Sa kho so, sāḷhā, ariyasāvako evaṃ vigatābhijjho vigatabyāpādo asammūḷho sampajāno patissato mettāsahagatena cetasā…pe… karuṇā…pe… muditā…pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ, iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjhena pharitvā viharati. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘atthi idaṃ, atthi hīnaṃ, atthi paṇītaṃ, atthi imassa saññāgatassa uttari [uttariṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] nissaraṇa’nti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati; vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti.
‘‘So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘ahu pubbe lobho, tadahu akusalaṃ, so etarahi natthi, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; ahu pubbe doso…pe… ahu pubbe moho, tadahu akusalaṃ, so etarahi natthi, iccetaṃ kusala’nti. So diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītibhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharatī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
已對照

七、論事經

7. Kathāvatthusuttaṃ
68已對照

六十八、“諸比丘,有這三種論事。哪三種[論事]呢?諸比丘,或就過去世而談論:‘過去世曾是這樣。’諸比丘,或就未來世而談論:‘未來世將是這樣。’諸比丘,或就現在的現在世而談論:‘現在的現在世是這樣。’”

68. ‘‘Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, kathāvatthūni. Katamāni tīṇi? Atītaṃ vā, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ ārabbha kathaṃ katheyya – ‘evaṃ ahosi atītamaddhāna’nti. Anāgataṃ vā, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ ārabbha kathaṃ katheyya – ‘evaṃ bhavissati anāgatamaddhāna’nti. Etarahi vā, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṃ addhānaṃ ārabbha kathaṃ katheyya – ‘evaṃ hoti etarahi paccuppannamaddhāna’’’nti [evaṃ etarahi paccuppannanti (sī. pī. ka.), evaṃ hoti etarahi paccuppannanti (syā. kaṃ.)].
緬 1.198已對照

“諸比丘,以談論的交會,應知人是可與談論者,或是不可與談論者。諸比丘,若這人被問到問題時,對應一向記說之問不一向地記說,對應分別記說之問不分別而記說,對應反詰記說之問不反詰而記說,對應擱置之問不擱置,諸比丘,如此,這人便是不可與談論者。諸比丘,而若這人被問到問題時,對應一向記說之問一向地記說,對應分別記說之問分別而記說,對應反詰記說之問反詰而記說,對應擱置之問擱置,諸比丘,如此,這人便是可與談論者。

‘‘Kathāsampayogena, bhikkhave, puggalo veditabbo yadi vā kaccho yadi vā akacchoti. Sacāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno ekaṃsabyākaraṇīyaṃ pañhaṃ na ekaṃsena byākaroti, vibhajjabyākaraṇīyaṃ pañhaṃ na vibhajja byākaroti, paṭipucchābyākaraṇīyaṃ pañhaṃ na paṭipucchā byākaroti, ṭhapanīyaṃ pañhaṃ na ṭhapeti [thapanīyaṃ pañhaṃ na thapeti (ka.)], evaṃ santāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo akaccho hoti. Sace panāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno ekaṃsabyākaraṇīyaṃ pañhaṃ ekaṃsena byākaroti, vibhajjabyākaraṇīyaṃ pañhaṃ vibhajja byākaroti, paṭipucchābyākaraṇīyaṃ pañhaṃ paṭipucchā byākaroti, ṭhapanīyaṃ pañhaṃ ṭhapeti, evaṃ santāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo kaccho hoti.
PTS 1.198已對照

“諸比丘,以談論的交會,應知人是可與談論者,或是不可與談論者。諸比丘,若這人被問到問題時,於是處非處不立定,於預擬不立定,於已知之說不立定,於行道不立定,諸比丘,如此,這人便是不可與談論者。諸比丘,而若這人被問到問題時,於是處非處立定,於預擬立定,於已知之說立定,於行道立定,諸比丘,如此,這人便是可與談論者。

‘‘Kathāsampayogena, bhikkhave, puggalo veditabbo yadi vā kaccho yadi vā akacchoti. Sacāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno ṭhānāṭhāne na saṇṭhāti parikappe na saṇṭhāti aññātavāde [aññavāde (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.), aññātavāre (ka.)] na saṇṭhāti paṭipadāya na saṇṭhāti, evaṃ santāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo akaccho hoti. Sace panāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno ṭhānāṭhāne saṇṭhāti parikappe saṇṭhāti aññātavāde saṇṭhāti paṭipadāya saṇṭhāti, evaṃ santāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo kaccho hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,以談論的交會,應知人是可與談論者,或是不可與談論者。諸比丘,若這人被問到問題時,以他事遮掩他事,把話引向外,顯露出怒、瞋與不悅,諸比丘,如此,這人便是不可與談論者。諸比丘,而若這人被問到問題時,不以他事遮掩他事,不把話引向外,不顯露出怒、瞋與不悅,諸比丘,如此,這人便是可與談論者。

‘‘Kathāsampayogena, bhikkhave, puggalo veditabbo yadi vā kaccho yadi vā akacchoti. Sacāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno aññenaññaṃ paṭicarati, bahiddhā kathaṃ apanāmeti, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti, evaṃ santāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo akaccho hoti. Sace panāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno na aññenaññaṃ paṭicarati na bahiddhā kathaṃ apanāmeti, na kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti, evaṃ santāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo kaccho hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,以談論的交會,應知人是可與談論者,或是不可與談論者。諸比丘,若這人被問到問題時,壓覆、碾壓、鬨笑、抓住失誤,諸比丘,如此,這人便是不可與談論者。諸比丘,而若這人被問到問題時,不壓覆、不碾壓、不鬨笑、不抓住失誤,諸比丘,如此,這人便是可與談論者。

‘‘Kathāsampayogena, bhikkhave, puggalo veditabbo yadi vā kaccho yadi vā akacchoti. Sacāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno abhiharati abhimaddati anupajagghati [anusaṃjagghati (ka.)] khalitaṃ gaṇhāti, evaṃ santāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo akaccho hoti. Sace panāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno nābhiharati nābhimaddati na anupajagghati na khalitaṃ gaṇhāti, evaṃ santāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo kaccho hoti.
緬 1.199已對照

“諸比丘,以談論的交會,應知人是有近依者,或是無近依者。諸比丘,不傾耳者是無近依者,傾耳者是有近依者。他是有近依者,便證知一法,遍知一法,舍斷一法,作證一法。他證知一法、遍知一法、舍斷一法、作證一法,便觸證正解脫。諸比丘,談論是為了這個,商議是為了這個,近依是為了這個,傾耳是為了這個,即:心的無取解脫。

‘‘Kathāsampayogena, bhikkhave, puggalo veditabbo yadi vā saupaniso yadi vā anupanisoti. Anohitasoto, bhikkhave, anupaniso hoti, ohitasoto saupaniso hoti. So saupaniso samāno abhijānāti ekaṃ dhammaṃ, parijānāti ekaṃ dhammaṃ, pajahati ekaṃ dhammaṃ, sacchikaroti ekaṃ dhammaṃ. So abhijānanto ekaṃ dhammaṃ, parijānanto ekaṃ dhammaṃ, pajahanto ekaṃ dhammaṃ, sacchikaronto ekaṃ dhammaṃ sammāvimuttiṃ phusati. Etadatthā, bhikkhave, kathā; etadatthā mantanā; etadatthā upanisā; etadatthaṃ sotāvadhānaṃ, yadidaṃ anupādā cittassa vimokkhoti.
PTS 1.199已對照

“那些懷敵對而交談者,執著而[以慢]高舉;

‘‘Ye viruddhā sallapanti, viniviṭṭhā samussitā;
已對照

觸犯德行而作非聖之談,彼此尋求對方的破綻。

Anariyaguṇamāsajja, aññoññavivaresino.
已對照

“對彼此的惡說、失言、迷亂與敗北,

‘‘Dubbhāsitaṃ vikkhalitaṃ, sampamohaṃ [sasammohaṃ (ka.)] parājayaṃ;
已對照

他們感到歡喜;聖者不作那樣的談論。

Aññoññassābhinandanti, tadariyo kathanācare [tadariyo na kathaṃ vade (ka.)].
已對照

“若智者想要談論,了知時機[之後]——

‘‘Sace cassa kathākāmo, kālamaññāya paṇḍito;
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凡是住於法、與法相應、為聖者所行的談論,

Dhammaṭṭhapaṭisaṃyuttā, yā ariyacaritā [ariyañcaritā (sī.), ariyādikā (ka.)] kathā.
已對照

“堅固者應談那樣的談論,不敵對,不[以慢]高舉,

‘‘Taṃ kathaṃ kathaye dhīro, aviruddho anussito;
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以不掉舉的意,不攀齊,不魯莽。

Anunnatena manasā, apaḷāso asāhaso.
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“他不懷嫉妒,正確了知之後而說;

‘‘Anusūyāyamāno so, sammadaññāya bhāsati;
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應隨喜善說,於惡說處不應貶斥。

Subhāsitaṃ anumodeyya, dubbhaṭṭhe nāpasādaye [nāvasādaye (sī. pī.)].
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“不應學習求過,也不應揪住[他人的]失誤;

‘‘Upārambhaṃ na sikkheyya, khalitañca na gāhaye [na bhāsaye (ka.)];
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不應壓覆,不應碾壓,不應說真偽夾雜的話。

Nābhihare nābhimadde, na vācaṃ payutaṃ bhaṇe.
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“善士們的商議,確是為了了知,為了淨信;

‘‘Aññātatthaṃ pasādatthaṃ, sataṃ ve hoti mantanā;
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聖者們就是這樣商議,這是聖者們的商議;

Evaṃ kho ariyā mantenti, esā ariyāna mantanā;
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有智慧者了知這一點之後,不應[以慢]高舉,[而]應商議。”第七[經]。

Etadaññāya medhāvī, na samusseyya mantaye’’ti. sattamaṃ;
已對照

八、外道經

8. Aññatitthiyasuttaṃ
69緬 1.200已對照

六十九、“諸比丘,如果外道遊方者這樣問:‘賢友,有這三種法。哪三種[法]呢?貪、瞋、痴——賢友,這就是三種法。賢友,這三種法之間,有什麼差別?有什麼更多的作為?有什麼不同?’諸比丘,被這樣問時,你們會怎樣回答那些外道遊方者呢?”“尊者,我們的諸法以世尊為根本、以世尊為引導、以世尊為依止。尊者,若世尊親自解說這所說之義,那就好了;聽了世尊[所說],比丘們將會受持。”“那麼,諸比丘,你們要諦聽,好好作意,我要說了。”“是的,尊者。”那些比丘應諾世尊。世尊這樣說——

69. ‘‘Sace, bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘tayome, āvuso, dhammā. Katame tayo? Rāgo, doso, moho – ime kho, āvuso, tayo dhammā. Imesaṃ, āvuso, tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ ko viseso ko adhippayāso [adhippāyo (sī.) adhippāyāso (syā. kaṃ. pī.) adhi + pa + yasu + ṇa = adhippayāso] kiṃ nānākaraṇa’nti? Evaṃ puṭṭhā tumhe, bhikkhave, tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ kinti byākareyyāthā’’ti? ‘‘Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā bhagavaṃnettikā bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaṃyeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
PTS 1.200已對照

“諸比丘,如果外道遊方者這樣問:‘賢友,有這三種法。哪三種[法]呢?貪、瞋、痴——賢友,這就是三種法。賢友,這三種法之間,有什麼差別?有什麼更多的作為?有什麼不同?’諸比丘,被這樣問時,你們應當這樣回答那些外道遊方者:‘賢友,貪是少罪過而褪離遲緩的,瞋是大罪過而褪離迅速的,痴是大罪過而褪離遲緩的。’”

‘‘Sace, bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘tayome, āvuso, dhammā. Katame tayo? Rāgo, doso, moho – ime kho, āvuso, tayo dhammā; imesaṃ, āvuso, tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ ko viseso ko adhippayāso kiṃ nānākaraṇa’nti? Evaṃ puṭṭhā tumhe, bhikkhave, tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ evaṃ byākareyyātha – ‘rāgo kho, āvuso, appasāvajjo dandhavirāgī, doso mahāsāvajjo khippavirāgī, moho mahāsāvajjo dandhavirāgī’’’ ti.
已對照

“‘賢友,那麼,是什麼因、什麼緣,使未生的貪生起,使已生的貪導向增多、廣大呢?’‘應當說是淨相。當他對淨相不如理作意時,未生的貪便生起,已生的貪便導向增多、廣大。賢友,這就是因,這就是緣,使未生的貪生起,使已生的貪導向增多、廣大。’”

‘‘‘Ko panāvuso, hetu ko paccayo yena anuppanno vā rāgo uppajjati uppanno vā rāgo bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattatī’ti? ‘Subhanimittantissa vacanīyaṃ. Tassa subhanimittaṃ ayoniso manasi karoto anuppanno vā rāgo uppajjati uppanno vā rāgo bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena anuppanno vā rāgo uppajjati uppanno vā rāgo bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattatī’’’ti.
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“‘賢友,那麼,是什麼因、什麼緣,使未生的瞋生起,使已生的瞋導向增多、廣大呢?’‘應當說是瞋相。當他對瞋相不如理作意時,未生的瞋便生起,已生的瞋便導向增多、廣大。賢友,這就是因,這就是緣,使未生的瞋生起,使已生的瞋導向增多、廣大。’”

‘‘‘Ko panāvuso, hetu ko paccayo yena anuppanno vā doso uppajjati uppanno vā doso bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattatī’ti? ‘Paṭighanimittaṃ tissa vacanīyaṃ. Tassa paṭighanimittaṃ ayoniso manasi karoto anuppanno vā doso uppajjati uppanno vā doso bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena anuppanno vā doso uppajjati uppanno vā doso bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattatī’’’ti.
緬 1.201已對照

“‘賢友,那麼,是什麼因、什麼緣,使未生的痴生起,使已生的痴導向增多、廣大呢?’‘應當說是不如理作意。當他不如理作意時,未生的痴便生起,已生的痴便導向增多、廣大。賢友,這就是因,這就是緣,使未生的痴生起,使已生的痴導向增多、廣大。’”

‘‘‘Ko panāvuso, hetu ko paccayo yena anuppanno vā moho uppajjati uppanno vā moho bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattatī’ti? ‘Ayoniso manasikāro tissa vacanīyaṃ. Tassa ayoniso manasi karoto anuppanno vā moho uppajjati uppanno vā moho bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena anuppanno vā moho uppajjati uppanno vā moho bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattatī’’’ti.
PTS 1.201已對照

“‘賢友,那麼,是什麼因、什麼緣,使未生的貪不生起,使已生的貪被舍斷呢?’‘應當說是不淨相。當他對不淨相如理作意時,未生的貪便不生起,已生的貪便被舍斷。賢友,這就是因,這就是緣,使未生的貪不生起,使已生的貪被舍斷。’”

‘‘‘Ko panāvuso, hetu ko paccayo yena anuppanno ceva rāgo nuppajjati uppanno ca rāgo pahīyatī’ti? ‘Asubhanimittantissa vacanīyaṃ. Tassa asubhanimittaṃ yoniso manasi karoto anuppanno ceva rāgo nuppajjati uppanno ca rāgo pahīyati. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena anuppanno ceva rāgo nuppajjati uppanno ca rāgo pahīyatī’’’ti.
已對照

“‘賢友,那麼,是什麼因、什麼緣,使未生的瞋不生起,使已生的瞋被舍斷呢?’‘應當說是慈心解脫。當他對慈心解脫如理作意時,未生的瞋便不生起,已生的瞋便被舍斷。賢友,這就是因,這就是緣,使未生的瞋不生起,使已生的瞋被舍斷。’”

‘‘‘Ko panāvuso, hetu ko paccayo yena anuppanno ceva doso nuppajjati uppanno ca doso pahīyatī’ti? ‘Mettā cetovimuttī tissa vacanīyaṃ. Tassa mettaṃ cetovimuttiṃ yoniso manasi karoto anuppanno ceva doso nuppajjati uppanno ca doso pahīyati. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena anuppanno ceva doso nuppajjati uppanno ca doso pahīyatī’’’ti.
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“‘賢友,那麼,是什麼因、什麼緣,使未生的痴不生起,使已生的痴被舍斷呢?’‘應當說是如理作意。當他如理作意時,未生的痴便不生起,已生的痴便被舍斷。賢友,這就是因,這就是緣,使未生的痴不生起,使已生的痴被舍斷。’”第八[經]。

‘‘‘Ko panāvuso, hetu ko paccayo yena anuppanno ceva moho nuppajjati uppanno ca moho pahīyatī’ti? ‘Yonisomanasikāro tissa vacanīyaṃ. Tassa yoniso manasi karoto anuppanno ceva moho nuppajjati uppanno ca moho pahīyati. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena anuppanno vā moho nuppajjati uppanno ca moho pahīyatī’’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
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九、不善根經

9. Akusalamūlasuttaṃ
70緬 1.202已對照

七十、“諸比丘,有這三種不善根。哪三種[不善根]呢?貪是不善根,瞋是不善根,痴是不善根。

70. ‘‘Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, akusalamūlāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Lobho akusalamūlaṃ, doso akusalamūlaṃ, moho akusalamūlaṃ.
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“諸比丘,凡是貪,那也是不善根;凡貪著者以身、以語、以意所造作的,那也是不善;凡貪著者被貪所征服、心被遍盡,以不實[之事],以處死、囚禁、罰沒、譴責或流放令他人生苦,[自恃]‘我是有力的,我憑力量[行事]’,那也是不善。如是,由貪所生、以貪為因緣、以貪為集起、以貪為緣的許多惡不善法便在他身上生起。

‘‘Yadapi, bhikkhave, lobho tadapi akusalamūlaṃ [akusalaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)]; yadapi luddho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi akusalaṃ [akusalamūlaṃ (ka.)]; yadapi luddho lobhena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto parassa asatā dukkhaṃ uppādayati [upadahati (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi akusalaṃ [idaṃ pana sabbatthapi evameva dissati]. Itissame lobhajā lobhanidānā lobhasamudayā lobhapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti.
PTS 1.202已對照

“諸比丘,凡是瞋,那也是不善根;凡瞋怒者以身、以語、以意所造作的,那也是不善;凡瞋怒者被瞋所征服、心被遍盡,以不實[之事],以處死、囚禁、罰沒、譴責或流放令他人生苦,[自恃]‘我是有力的,我憑力量[行事]’,那也是不善。如是,由瞋所生、以瞋為因緣、以瞋為集起、以瞋為緣的許多惡不善法便在他身上生起。

‘‘Yadapi, bhikkhave, doso tadapi akusalamūlaṃ; yadapi duṭṭho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi akusalaṃ; yadapi duṭṭho dosena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto parassa asatā dukkhaṃ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi akusalaṃ. Itissame dosajā dosanidānā dosasamudayā dosapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti.
已對照

“諸比丘,凡是痴,那也是不善根;凡愚痴者以身、以語、以意所造作的,那也是不善;凡愚痴者被痴所征服、心被遍盡,以不實[之事],以處死、囚禁、罰沒、譴責或流放令他人生苦,[自恃]‘我是有力的,我憑力量[行事]’,那也是不善。如是,由痴所生、以痴為因緣、以痴為集起、以痴為緣的許多惡不善法便在他身上生起。諸比丘,這樣的人,既被稱為不應時而說者,也被稱為說不真實者、說無義者、說非法者、說非律者。

‘‘Yadapi, bhikkhave, moho tadapi akusalamūlaṃ; yadapi mūḷho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi akusalaṃ; yadapi mūḷho mohena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto parassa asatā dukkhaṃ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi akusalaṃ. Itissame mohajā mohanidānā mohasamudayā mohapaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti. Evarūpo cāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo vuccati akālavādītipi, abhūtavādītipi, anatthavādītipi, adhammavādītipi, avinayavādītipi.
緬 1.203已對照

“諸比丘,為什麼這樣的人既被稱為不應時而說者,也被稱為說不真實者、說無義者、說非法者、說非律者呢?諸比丘,因為這人以不實[之事],以處死、囚禁、罰沒、譴責或流放令他人生苦,[自恃]‘我是有力的,我憑力量[行事]’。被人以真實[之事]說[他]時,他否認,不承認;被人以不真實[之事]說[他]時,他不為解開那[不真實之事]而作熱勤:‘以此[理由],這是不如實的;以此[理由],這是不真實的。’因此,這樣的人既被稱為不應時而說者,也被稱為說不真實者、說無義者、說非法者、說非律者。

‘‘Kasmā cāyaṃ, bhikkhave, evarūpo puggalo vuccati akālavādītipi, abhūtavādītipi, anatthavādītipi, adhammavādītipi, avinayavādītipi? Tathāhāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo parassa asatā dukkhaṃ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi. Bhūtena kho pana vuccamāno avajānāti, no paṭijānāti; abhūtena vuccamāno na ātappaṃ karoti, tassa nibbeṭhanāya itipetaṃ atacchaṃ itipetaṃ abhūtanti. Tasmā evarūpo puggalo vuccati akālavādītipi, abhūtavādītipi, anatthavādītipi, adhammavādītipi, avinayavādītipi.
已對照

“諸比丘,這樣的人被由貪所生的諸惡不善法所征服、心被遍盡,就在現法中苦住——有惱害、有惱、有熱惱;且身壞命終之後,惡趣可預期。

‘‘Evarūpo, bhikkhave, puggalo lobhajehi pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkhaṃ viharati, savighātaṃ saupāyāsaṃ sapariḷāhaṃ. Kāyassa ca bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā.
PTS 1.203已對照

“被由瞋所生的……乃至……被由痴所生的諸惡不善法所征服、心被遍盡,就在現法中苦住——有惱害、有惱、有熱惱;且身壞命終之後,惡趣可預期。諸比丘,猶如娑羅樹、或陀婆樹、或槃陀那樹,被三條葛藤從上覆壓、四周纏裹,便陷入不幸,陷入災禍,陷入不幸與災禍;同樣,諸比丘,這樣的人被由貪所生的諸惡不善法所征服、心被遍盡,就在現法中苦住——有惱害、有惱、有熱惱;且身壞命終之後,惡趣可預期。

‘‘Dosajehi…pe… mohajehi pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkhaṃ viharati, savighātaṃ saupāyāsaṃ sapariḷāhaṃ. Kāyassa ca bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, sālo vā dhavo vā phandano vā tīhi māluvālatāhi uddhasto pariyonaddho anayaṃ āpajjati, byasanaṃ āpajjati, anayabyasanaṃ āpajjati; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, evarūpo puggalo lobhajehi pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkhaṃ viharati, savighātaṃ saupāyāsaṃ sapariḷāhaṃ. Kāyassa ca bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā.
已對照

“被由瞋所生的……乃至……被由痴所生的諸惡不善法所征服、心被遍盡,就在現法中苦住——有惱害、有惱、有熱惱;且身壞命終之後,惡趣可預期。諸比丘,這就是三種不善根。

‘‘Dosajehi…pe… mohajehi pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkhaṃ viharati savighātaṃ saupāyāsaṃ sapariḷāhaṃ. Kāyassa ca bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi akusalamūlānīti.
已對照

“諸比丘,有這三種善根。哪三種[善根]呢?無貪是善根,無瞋是善根,無痴是善根。

‘‘Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, kusalamūlāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Alobho kusalamūlaṃ, adoso kusalamūlaṃ, amoho kusalamūlaṃ.
緬 1.204已對照

“諸比丘,凡是無貪,那也是善根;凡不貪著者以身、以語、以意所造作的,那也是善;凡不貪著者不被貪所征服、心不被遍盡,不以不實[之事],以處死、囚禁、罰沒、譴責或流放令他人生苦,[不自恃]‘我是有力的,我憑力量[行事]’,那也是善。如是,由無貪所生、以無貪為因緣、以無貪為集起、以無貪為緣的許多善法便在他身上生起。

‘‘Yadapi, bhikkhave, alobho tadapi kusalamūlaṃ [kusalaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)]; yadapi aluddho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi kusalaṃ [kusalamūlaṃ (ka.)]; yadapi aluddho lobhena anabhibhūto apariyādinnacitto na parassa asatā dukkhaṃ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi kusalaṃ. Itissame alobhajā alobhanidānā alobhasamudayā alobhapaccayā aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti.
已對照

“諸比丘,凡是無瞋,那也是善根;凡不瞋怒者以身、以語、以意所造作的,那也是善;凡不瞋怒者不被瞋所征服、心不被遍盡,不以不實[之事],以處死、囚禁、罰沒、譴責或流放令他人生苦,[不自恃]‘我是有力的,我憑力量[行事]’,那也是善。如是,由無瞋所生、以無瞋為因緣、以無瞋為集起、以無瞋為緣的許多善法便在他身上生起。

‘‘Yadapi, bhikkhave, adoso tadapi kusalamūlaṃ; yadapi aduṭṭho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi kusalaṃ; yadapi aduṭṭho dosena anabhibhūto apariyādinnacitto na parassa asatā dukkhaṃ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi kusalaṃ. Itissame adosajā adosanidānā adosasamudayā adosapaccayā aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti.
PTS 1.204已對照

“諸比丘,凡是無痴,那也是善根;凡不愚痴者以身、以語、以意所造作的,那也是善;凡不愚痴者不被痴所征服、心不被遍盡,不以不實[之事],以處死、囚禁、罰沒、譴責或流放令他人生苦,[不自恃]‘我是有力的,我憑力量[行事]’,那也是善。如是,由無痴所生、以無痴為因緣、以無痴為集起、以無痴為緣的許多善法便在他身上生起。諸比丘,這樣的人,既被稱為應時而說者,也被稱為說真實者、說義利者、說法者、說律者。

‘‘Yadapi, bhikkhave, amoho tadapi kusalamūlaṃ; yadapi amūḷho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi kusalaṃ; yadapi amūḷho mohena anabhibhūto apariyādinnacitto na parassa asatā dukkhaṃ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi kusalaṃ. Itissame amohajā amohanidānā amohasamudayā amohapaccayā aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti. Evarūpo cāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo vuccati kālavādītipi, bhūtavādītipi, atthavādītipi, dhammavādītipi, vinayavādītipi.
緬 1.205已對照

“諸比丘,為什麼這樣的人既被稱為應時而說者,也被稱為說真實者、說義利者、說法者、說律者呢?諸比丘,因為這人不以不實[之事],以處死、囚禁、罰沒、譴責或流放令他人生苦,[不自恃]‘我是有力的,我憑力量[行事]’。被人以真實[之事]說[他]時,他承認,不否認;被人以不真實[之事]說[他]時,他為解開那[不真實之事]而作熱勤:‘以此[理由],這是不如實的;以此[理由],這是不真實的。’因此,這樣的人既被稱為應時而說者,也被稱為說義利者、說法者、說律者。

‘‘Kasmā cāyaṃ, bhikkhave, evarūpo puggalo vuccati kālavādītipi, bhūtavādītipi, atthavādītipi, dhammavādītipi, vinayavādītipi? Tathāhāyaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalo na parassa asatā dukkhaṃ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi. Bhūtena kho pana vuccamāno paṭijānāti no avajānāti; abhūtena vuccamāno ātappaṃ karoti tassa nibbeṭhanāya – ‘itipetaṃ atacchaṃ, itipetaṃ abhūta’nti. Tasmā evarūpo puggalo vuccati kālavādītipi, atthavādītipi, dhammavādītipi, vinayavādītipi.
已對照

“諸比丘,這樣的人,由貪所生的諸惡不善法已斷,根已斷,已作成如斷[頂]的多羅樹[樁],已令歸於不存在,未來不再生起之法。他就在現法中樂住——無惱害、無惱、無熱惱;就在現法中般涅槃。

‘‘Evarūpassa, bhikkhave, puggalassa lobhajā pāpakā akusalā dhammā pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ viharati avighātaṃ anupāyāsaṃ apariḷāhaṃ. Diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyati.
PTS 1.205已對照

“由瞋所生的……乃至……般涅槃。由痴所生的……乃至……般涅槃。諸比丘,猶如娑羅樹、或陀婆樹、或槃陀那樹,被三條葛藤從上覆壓、四周纏裹。於是,有人取了鋤與筐而來。他在根部砍斷那葛藤;在根部砍斷之後,[四周]挖掘;挖掘之後,拔出諸根,甚至連[細]如香根草莖的[根]也[拔出]。他把那葛藤砍成一塊一塊;砍成一塊一塊之後,劈開;劈開之後,弄成一片一片的碎片;弄成一片一片的碎片之後,在風與日光中曬乾;在風與日光中曬乾之後,用火燒;用火燒了之後,弄成灰;弄成灰之後,或在大風中揚掉,或放入水流迅急的河中沖走。諸比丘,這樣,那些葛藤便會根已斷,已作成如斷[頂]的多羅樹[樁],已令歸於不存在,未來不再生起之法。同樣,諸比丘,這樣的人,由貪所生的諸惡不善法已斷,根已斷,已作成如斷[頂]的多羅樹[樁],已令歸於不存在,未來不再生起之法。他就在現法中樂住——無惱害、無惱、無熱惱;就在現法中般涅槃。

‘‘Dosajā…pe… parinibbāyati. Mohajā…pe… parinibbāyati. Seyyathāpi bhikkhave, sālo vā dhavo vā phandano vā tīhi māluvālatāhi uddhasto pariyonaddho. Atha puriso āgaccheyya kuddāla-piṭakaṃ [kuddālapiṭakaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] ādāya. So taṃ māluvālataṃ mūle chindeyya, mūle chetvā palikhaṇeyya, palikhaṇitvā mūlāni uddhareyya, antamaso usīranāḷimattānipi [usīranāḷamattānipi (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)]. So taṃ māluvālataṃ khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṃ chindeyya, khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṃ chetvā phāleyya, phāletvā sakalikaṃ sakalikaṃ kareyya, sakalikaṃ sakalikaṃ karitvā vātātape visoseyya, vātātape visosetvā agginā ḍaheyya, agginā ḍahitvā masiṃ kareyya, masiṃ karitvā mahāvāte vā ophuṇeyya nadiyā vā sīghasotāya pavāheyya. Evamassa [evamassu (sī.), evassu (ka.)] tā, bhikkhave, māluvālatā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, evarūpassa puggalassa lobhajā pāpakā akusalā dhammā pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ viharati avighātaṃ anupāyāsaṃ apariḷāhaṃ. Diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyati.
已對照

“由瞋所生的……乃至……由痴所生的諸惡不善法已斷,根已斷,已作成如斷[頂]的多羅樹[樁],已令歸於不存在,未來不再生起之法。他就在現法中樂住——無惱害、無惱、無熱惱;就在現法中般涅槃。諸比丘,這就是三種善根。”第九[經]。

‘‘Dosajā …pe… mohajā pāpakā akusalā dhammā pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ viharati avighātaṃ anupāyāsaṃ apariḷāhaṃ. Diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyati. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi kusalamūlānī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
已對照

十、布薩經

10. Uposathasuttaṃ
71PTS 1.206緬 1.206已對照

七十一、如是我聞——一時,世尊住在舍衛城東園鹿子母講堂。那時,毗舍佉鹿子母(Visākhā Migāramātā)正值布薩日,來到世尊之處;到了之後,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。世尊對坐在一旁的毗舍佉鹿子母這樣說——“喂,毗舍佉,你這是從哪裡來,在這日中時分?”“尊者,我今天持布薩。”

“毗舍佉,有這三種布薩。哪三種[布薩]呢?牧牛者布薩、尼乾布薩、聖布薩。毗舍佉,牧牛者布薩是怎樣的呢?毗舍佉,猶如牧牛者在傍晚把牛交還給主人們之後,這樣省察:‘今天牛群在某處某處吃草,在某處某處飲水;明天牛群將在某處某處吃草,在某處某處飲水。’同樣,毗舍佉,此處有某位持布薩者這樣省察:‘我今天嚼了這樣那樣的嚼食,啖了這樣那樣的啖食;明天我將嚼這樣那樣的嚼食,啖這樣那樣的啖食。’他以那與貪欲俱行的心度過那一天。毗舍佉,牧牛者布薩就是這樣的。毗舍佉,如是所持的牧牛者布薩,沒有大果,沒有大功德,沒有大光輝,沒有大展布。

“毗舍佉,尼乾布薩是怎樣的呢?毗舍佉,有名為尼乾的一類沙門。他們這樣勸導弟子:‘來吧,喂,你這人,東方一百由旬以外的眾生,你對他們放下棍棒;西方一百由旬以外的眾生,你對他們放下棍棒;北方一百由旬以外的眾生,你對他們放下棍棒;南方一百由旬以外的眾生,你對他們放下棍棒。’如是,他們為了憐愍、悲憫一部分眾生而勸導,又為了不憐愍、不悲憫另一部分眾生而勸導。他們在布薩日這樣勸導弟子:‘來吧,喂,你這人,放下一切衣服之後,你要這樣說:我在任何地方都不是任何人的牽掛,在任何地方、任何[事物]中也沒有我的牽掛。’然而他的父母知道:‘這是我們的兒子’;他也知道:‘這是我的父母’。他的妻兒知道:‘這是我的夫主’;他也知道:‘這是我的妻兒’。他的奴僕、傭工、僕從知道:‘這是我們的主人’;他也知道:‘這是我的奴僕、傭工、僕從’。如是,在應當勸導[他]於真實的時候,他們在那時卻勸導[他]於妄語。我說這是他在妄語上的[過失]。那一夜過後,他受用那些[實際]未被給予的受用物。我說這是他在不與取上的[過失]。毗舍佉,尼乾布薩就是這樣的。毗舍佉,如是所持的尼乾布薩,沒有大果,沒有大功德,沒有大光輝,沒有大展布。

“毗舍佉,聖布薩是怎樣的呢?毗舍佉,染汙的心可借方法而得皎潔。毗舍佉,染汙的心如何借方法而得皎潔呢?毗舍佉,在此,聖弟子隨念如來:‘那位世尊亦即是阿羅漢、正等正覺者、明行具足、善逝、世間解、無上者、調御丈夫、天人導師、佛陀、世尊。’當他隨念如來時,心得淨信,愉悅生起,凡是心的隨煩惱,那些便被舍斷——毗舍佉,猶如染汙的頭可借方法而得皎潔。

“毗舍佉,染汙的頭如何借方法而得皎潔呢?緣於[餘甘子]膏,緣於泥土,緣於水,以及緣於人與之相應的努力——毗舍佉,染汙的頭就是這樣借方法而得皎潔的。同樣,毗舍佉,染汙的心也借方法而得皎潔。

“毗舍佉,染汙的心如何借方法而得皎潔呢?毗舍佉,在此,聖弟子隨念如來:‘那位世尊亦即是阿羅漢、正等正覺者、明行具足、善逝、世間解、無上者、調御丈夫、天人導師、佛陀、世尊。’當他隨念如來時,心得淨信,愉悅生起,凡是心的隨煩惱,那些便被舍斷。毗舍佉,這稱為:‘聖弟子持梵布薩,與梵共住,緣梵而他的心得淨信,愉悅生起,凡是心的隨煩惱,那些便被舍斷。’毗舍佉,染汙的心就是這樣借方法而得皎潔的。

“毗舍佉,染汙的心可借方法而得皎潔。毗舍佉,染汙的心如何借方法而得皎潔呢?毗舍佉,在此,聖弟子隨念法:‘法是世尊所善說的,是現見的、無時的、來見的、引導的、智者應各自證知的。’當他隨念法時,心得淨信,愉悅生起,凡是心的隨煩惱,那些便被舍斷——毗舍佉,猶如染汙的身體可借方法而得皎潔。

“毗舍佉,染汙的身體如何借方法而得皎潔呢?緣於擦身石珠,緣於浴粉,緣於水,以及緣於人與之相應的努力。毗舍佉,染汙的身體就是這樣借方法而得皎潔的。同樣,毗舍佉,染汙的心也借方法而得皎潔。

“毗舍佉,染汙的心如何借方法而得皎潔呢?毗舍佉,在此,聖弟子隨念法:‘法是世尊所善說的,是現見的、無時的、來見的、引導的、智者應各自證知的。’當他隨念法時,心得淨信,愉悅生起,凡是心的隨煩惱,那些便被舍斷。毗舍佉,這稱為:‘聖弟子持法布薩,與法共住,緣法而他的心得淨信,愉悅生起,凡是心的隨煩惱,那些便被舍斷。’毗舍佉,染汙的心就是這樣借方法而得皎潔的。

“毗舍佉,染汙的心可借方法而得皎潔。毗舍佉,染汙的心如何借方法而得皎潔呢?毗舍佉,在此,聖弟子隨念僧:‘世尊的弟子僧是善行道者,世尊的弟子僧是正直行道者,世尊的弟子僧是如理行道者,世尊的弟子僧是正當行道者,也就是四雙八輩之人——這就是世尊的弟子僧,應供養、應款待、應奉施、應合掌,是世間無上的福田。’當他隨念僧時,心得淨信,愉悅生起,凡是心的隨煩惱,那些便被舍斷——毗舍佉,猶如染汙的布可借方法而得皎潔。

“毗舍佉,染汙的布如何借方法而得皎潔呢?緣於熱氣,緣於鹼灰,緣於牛糞,緣於水,以及緣於人與之相應的努力。毗舍佉,染汙的布就是這樣借方法而得皎潔的。同樣,毗舍佉,染汙的心也借方法而得皎潔。

“毗舍佉,染汙的心如何借方法而得皎潔呢?毗舍佉,在此,聖弟子隨念僧:‘世尊的弟子僧是善行道者……乃至……是世間無上的福田。’當他隨念僧時,心得淨信,愉悅生起,凡是心的隨煩惱,那些便被舍斷。毗舍佉,這稱為:‘聖弟子持僧布薩,與僧共住,緣僧而他的心得淨信,愉悅生起,凡是心的隨煩惱,那些便被舍斷。’毗舍佉,染汙的心就是這樣借方法而得皎潔的。

“毗舍佉,染汙的心可借方法而得皎潔。毗舍佉,染汙的心如何借方法而得皎潔呢?毗舍佉,在此,聖弟子隨念自己的諸戒——無毀、無穿、無斑、無雜、自在、智者所贊、不被執取、導向定。當他隨念戒時,心得淨信,愉悅生起,凡是心的隨煩惱,那些便被舍斷——毗舍佉,猶如染汙的鏡子可借方法而得皎潔。

“毗舍佉,染汙的鏡子如何借方法而得皎潔呢?緣於油,緣於灰,緣於毛團,以及緣於人與之相應的努力。毗舍佉,染汙的鏡子就是這樣借方法而得皎潔的。同樣,毗舍佉,染汙的心也借方法而得皎潔。

“毗舍佉,染汙的心如何借方法而得皎潔呢?毗舍佉,在此,聖弟子隨念自己的諸戒——無毀……乃至……導向定。當他隨念戒時,心得淨信,愉悅生起,凡是心的隨煩惱,那些便被舍斷。毗舍佉,這稱為:‘聖弟子持戒布薩,與戒共住,緣戒而他的心得淨信,愉悅生起,凡是心的隨煩惱,那些便被舍斷。’毗舍佉,染汙的心就是這樣借方法而得皎潔的。

“毗舍佉,染汙的心可借方法而得皎潔。毗舍佉,染汙的心如何借方法而得皎潔呢?毗舍佉,在此,聖弟子隨念諸天:‘有四大王天諸天,有三十三天諸天,有夜摩天諸天,有兜率天諸天,有化樂天諸天,有他化自在天諸天,有梵身天諸天,有比那更上的諸天。具足怎樣的信的那些天,從此死沒後投生於彼處,我也有那樣的信。具足怎樣的戒的那些天,從此死沒後投生於彼處,我也有那樣的戒。具足怎樣的聞的那些天,從此死沒後投生於彼處,我也有那樣的聞。具足怎樣的舍的那些天,從此死沒後投生於彼處,我也有那樣的舍。具足怎樣的慧的那些天,從此死沒後投生於彼處,我也有那樣的慧。’當他隨念自己與那些天的信、戒、聞、舍、慧時,心得淨信,愉悅生起,凡是心的隨煩惱,那些便被舍斷——毗舍佉,猶如染汙的金可借方法而得皎潔。

“毗舍佉,染汙的金如何借方法而得皎潔呢?緣於爐,緣於鹽土,緣於赭土粉,緣於吹管與鉗子,以及緣於人與之相應的努力。毗舍佉,染汙的金就是這樣借方法而得皎潔的。同樣,毗舍佉,染汙的心也借方法而得皎潔。

“毗舍佉,染汙的心如何借方法而得皎潔呢?毗舍佉,在此,聖弟子隨念諸天:‘有四大王天諸天,有三十三天諸天……乃至……有比那更上的諸天。具足怎樣的信的那些天,從此死沒後投生於彼處,我也有那樣的信。具足怎樣的戒……乃至……怎樣的聞……乃至……怎樣的舍……乃至……具足怎樣的慧的那些天,從此死沒後投生於彼處,我也有那樣的慧。’當他隨念自己與那些天的信、戒、聞、舍、慧時,心得淨信,愉悅生起,凡是心的隨煩惱,那些便被舍斷。毗舍佉,這稱為:‘聖弟子持天布薩,與諸天共住,緣諸天而他的心得淨信,愉悅生起,凡是心的隨煩惱,那些便被舍斷。’毗舍佉,染汙的心就是這樣借方法而得皎潔的。

“毗舍佉,那位聖弟子這樣省察:‘諸阿羅漢終身舍斷殺生,遠離殺生,放下棍棒,放下刀劍,有慚愧,具同情心,懷著利益、悲憫一切眾生生命之心而住;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷殺生,遠離殺生,放下棍棒,放下刀劍,有慚愧,具同情心,懷著利益、悲憫一切眾生生命之心而住。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。

“諸阿羅漢終身舍斷不與取,遠離不與取,只取所與,只期待所與,以非盜賊、清淨的自身而住;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷不與取,遠離不與取,只取所與,只期待所與,以非盜賊、清淨的自身而住。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。

“諸阿羅漢終身舍斷非梵行,是梵行者,遠行[於非梵行之外],遠離在俗之法——淫慾;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷非梵行,是梵行者,遠行[於非梵行之外],遠離在俗之法——淫慾。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。

“諸阿羅漢終身舍斷妄語,遠離妄語,是說真實語者、以真實連結真實者、堅定者、可信賴者、不欺世間者;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷妄語,遠離妄語,是說真實語者、以真實連結真實者、堅定者、可信賴者、不欺世間者。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。

“諸阿羅漢終身舍斷[導致]放逸之因的谷酒、花果酒[等]酒類,遠離[導致]放逸之因的谷酒、花果酒[等]酒類;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷[導致]放逸之因的谷酒、花果酒[等]酒類,遠離[導致]放逸之因的谷酒、花果酒[等]酒類。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。

“諸阿羅漢終身是一食者、止於[非]夜食者、遠離非時食者;我今天這一夜、這一日也是一食者、止於[非]夜食者、遠離非時食者。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。

“諸阿羅漢終身遠離觀看歌舞奏樂等違逆之事、佩戴、裝飾、塗飾花鬘香料脂粉之處;我今天這一夜、這一日也遠離觀看歌舞奏樂等違逆之事、佩戴、裝飾、塗飾花鬘香料脂粉之處。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。

“諸阿羅漢終身舍斷高床大床,遠離高床大床,以小床或草蓆為低臥;我今天這一夜、這一日也舍斷高床大床,遠離高床大床,以小床或草蓆為低臥。以這一支,我也仿效諸阿羅漢,而我的布薩也將是已持的。’”

“毗舍佉,聖布薩就是這樣的。毗舍佉,如是所持的聖布薩,有大果,有大功德,有大光輝,有大展布。”

“有多大的果、多大的功德、多大的光輝、多大的展布呢?”“毗舍佉,猶如有人在這富有大量珍寶的十六大國以統治權與主權治理王國,即:鴦伽、摩揭陀、迦屍、憍薩羅、跋耆、末羅、遮提、槃伽、拘樓、般遮羅、末差、蘇羅西那、阿溼波、阿槃提、犍陀羅、劍浮沙,那也不值具足八支的布薩的十六分之一。這是什麼緣故呢?毗舍佉,人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。”

“毗舍佉,人間的五十年,是四大王天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的五百年是四大王天諸天的壽量。毗舍佉,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於四大王天諸天的同伴中。毗舍佉,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“毗舍佉,人間的一百年,是三十三天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的一千年是三十三天諸天的壽量。毗舍佉,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於三十三天諸天的同伴中。毗舍佉,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“毗舍佉,人間的二百年,是夜摩天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的二千年是夜摩天諸天的壽量。毗舍佉,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於夜摩天諸天的同伴中。毗舍佉,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“毗舍佉,人間的四百年,是兜率天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的四千年是兜率天諸天的壽量。毗舍佉,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於兜率天諸天的同伴中。毗舍佉,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“毗舍佉,人間的八百年,是化樂天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的八千年是化樂天諸天的壽量。毗舍佉,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於化樂天諸天的同伴中。毗舍佉,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“毗舍佉,人間的一千六百年,是他化自在天諸天的一晝夜。以那樣的夜,三十夜為一月;以那樣的月,十二月為一年;以那樣的年,天上的一萬六千年是他化自在天諸天的壽量。毗舍佉,而有此可能:此處有某個女人或男人,持了具足八支的布薩,身壞命終之後,得生於他化自在天諸天的同伴中。毗舍佉,我是就這個而說:‘人間的王權比起天上的樂,是微小的。’”

“不應殺害生命,不應取不與,

不應說妄語,不應成飲酒者;

應遠離非梵行——淫慾,

夜間不應食,[不應食]非時之食。

“不應戴花鬘,不應用香,

應臥於床,或臥於地上的敷具;

這就是人們所說的八支布薩,

是到達苦之終結的佛陀所宣說的。

“月亮與太陽,兩者都美好可觀,

照耀著,巡行於[其所能及的]範圍;

它們驅除黑暗,行於空中,

在天空中發光,照耀諸方。

“在這[範圍]之內所有的財寶——

珍珠、摩尼、美好的琉璃,

赤金,或者山金,

以及被稱為‘蟻金’的金,

“它們連具八支的布薩的

十六分之一也不及,

如一切星群[不及]月光[的十六分之一]。

“因此,具戒的女人與男人,

持了具八支的布薩,

作了導致樂的諸福,

不受呵責,往生天界之處。”第十[經]。

71. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Atha kho visākhā migāramātā tadahuposathe yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho visākhaṃ migāramātaraṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘handa kuto nu tvaṃ, visākhe, āgacchasi divā divassā’’ti? ‘‘Uposathāhaṃ, bhante, ajja upavasāmī’’ti.
‘‘Tayo khome, visākhe, uposathā. Katame tayo? Gopālakuposatho, nigaṇṭhuposatho, ariyuposatho. Kathañca, visākhe, gopālakuposatho hoti? Seyyathāpi, visākhe, gopālako sāyanhasamaye sāmikānaṃ gāvo niyyātetvā iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ajja kho gāvo amukasmiñca amukasmiñca padese cariṃsu, amukasmiñca amukasmiñca padese pānīyāni piviṃsu; sve dāni gāvo amukasmiñca amukasmiñca padese carissanti, amukasmiñca amukasmiñca padese pānīyāni pivissantī’ti; evamevaṃ kho, visākhe, idhekacco uposathiko iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ahaṃ khvajja idañcidañca khādanīyaṃ khādiṃ, idañcidañca bhojanīyaṃ bhuñjiṃ; sve dānāhaṃ idañcidañca khādanīyaṃ khādissāmi, idaṃ cidañca bhojanīyaṃ bhuñjissāmī’ti. So tena abhijjhāsahagatena cetasā divasaṃ atināmeti. Evaṃ kho visākhe, gopālakuposatho hoti. Evaṃ upavuttho kho, visākhe, gopālakuposatho na mahapphalo hoti na mahānisaṃso na mahājutiko na mahāvipphāro.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, nigaṇṭhuposatho hoti? Atthi, visākhe, nigaṇṭhā nāma samaṇajātikā. Te sāvakaṃ evaṃ samādapenti – ‘ehi tvaṃ, ambho purisa, ye puratthimāya disāya pāṇā paraṃ yojanasataṃ tesu daṇḍaṃ nikkhipāhi; ye pacchimāya disāya pāṇā paraṃ yojanasataṃ tesu daṇḍaṃ nikkhipāhi; ye uttarāya disāya pāṇā paraṃ yojanasataṃ tesu daṇḍaṃ nikkhipāhi; ye dakkhiṇāya disāya pāṇā paraṃ yojanasataṃ tesu daṇḍaṃ nikkhipāhī’ti. Iti ekaccānaṃ pāṇānaṃ anuddayāya anukampāya samādapenti, ekaccānaṃ pāṇānaṃ nānuddayāya nānukampāya samādapenti. Te tadahuposathe sāvakaṃ evaṃ samādapenti – ‘ehi tvaṃ, ambho purisa, sabbacelāni [sabbaverāni (ka.)] nikkhipitvā evaṃ vadehi – nāhaṃ kvacani kassaci kiñcanatasmiṃ [kiñcanatasmi (?) kiriyāpadametaṃ yathā kiñcanatatthīti], na ca mama kvacani katthaci kiñcanatatthī’ti. Jānanti kho panassa mātāpitaro – ‘ayaṃ amhākaṃ putto’ti; sopi jānāti – ‘ime mayhaṃ mātāpitaro’ti. Jānāti kho panassa puttadāro – ‘ayaṃ mayhaṃ bhattā’ti; sopi jānāti – ‘ayaṃ mayhaṃ puttadāro’ti. Jānanti kho panassa dāsakammakaraporisā – ‘ayaṃ amhākaṃ ayyo’ti; sopi jānāti – ‘ime mayhaṃ dāsakammakaraporisā’ti. Iti yasmiṃ samaye sacce samādapetabbā musāvāde tasmiṃ samaye samādapenti. Idaṃ tassa musāvādasmiṃ vadāmi. So tassā rattiyā accayena bhoge adinnaṃyeva paribhuñjati. Idaṃ tassa adinnādānasmiṃ vadāmi. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, nigaṇṭhuposatho hoti. Evaṃ upavuttho kho, visākhe, nigaṇṭhuposatho na mahapphalo hoti na mahānisaṃso na mahājutiko na mahāvipphāro.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, ariyuposatho hoti? Upakkiliṭṭhassa, visākhe, cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā [pariyodāpanā (?)] hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Tassa tathāgataṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati. Ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti, seyyathāpi, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa sīsassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa sīsassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Kakkañca paṭicca mattikañca paṭicca udakañca paṭicca purisassa ca tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ paṭicca, evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa sīsassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Evamevaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Tassa tathāgataṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti. Ayaṃ vuccati, visākhe – ‘ariyasāvako brahmuposathaṃ upavasati, brahmunā saddhiṃ saṃvasati, brahmañcassa [brahmañca (ka.)] ārabbha cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti’. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
‘‘Upakkiliṭṭhassa, visākhe, cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako dhammaṃ anussarati – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Tassa dhammaṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti, seyyathāpi, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa kāyassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa kāyassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Sottiñca paṭicca, cuṇṇañca paṭicca, udakañca paṭicca, purisassa ca tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ paṭicca. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa kāyassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Evamevaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako dhammaṃ anussarati – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Tassa dhammaṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti. Ayaṃ vuccati, visākhe, ‘ariyasāvako dhammuposathaṃ upavasati, dhammena saddhiṃ saṃvasati, dhammañcassa ārabbha cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti’. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
‘‘Upakkiliṭṭhassa, visākhe, cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako saṅghaṃ anussarati – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, yadidaṃ cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Tassa saṅghaṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti, seyyathāpi, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa vatthassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa vatthassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Usmañca [ūsañca (syā. kaṃ. aṭṭhakathāyampi pāṭhantaraṃ, saṃ. ni. 3.89 khemakasuttapāḷiyāpi sameti.) usumañca (sī.)] paṭicca, khārañca paṭicca, gomayañca paṭicca, udakañca paṭicca, purisassa ca tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ paṭicca. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa vatthassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Evamevaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako saṅghaṃ anussarati – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Tassa saṅghaṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti. Ayaṃ vuccati, visākhe, ‘ariyasāvako saṅghuposathaṃ upavasati, saṅghena saddhiṃ saṃvasati, saṅghañcassa ārabbha cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti’. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
‘‘Upakkiliṭṭhassa, visākhe, cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako attano sīlāni anussarati akhaṇḍāni acchiddāni asabalāni akammāsāni bhujissāni viññuppasatthāni aparāmaṭṭhāni samādhisaṃvattanikāni. Tassa sīlaṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti, seyyathāpi, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa ādāsassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa ādāsassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Telañca paṭicca, chārikañca paṭicca, vālaṇḍupakañca paṭicca, purisassa ca tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ paṭicca. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa ādāsassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Evamevaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako attano sīlāni anussarati akhaṇḍāni…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikāni. Tassa sīlaṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti. Ayaṃ vuccati, visākhe, ‘ariyasāvako sīluposathaṃ upavasati, sīlena saddhiṃ saṃvasati, sīlañcassa ārabbha cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti’. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
‘‘Upakkiliṭṭhassa, visākhe, cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha visākhe, ariyasāvako devatā anussarati – ‘santi devā cātumahārājikā [cātummahārājikā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)], santi devā tāvatiṃsā, santi devā yāmā, santi devā tusitā, santi devā nimmānaratino, santi devā paranimmitavasavattino, santi devā brahmakāyikā, santi devā tatuttari [tatuttariṃ (sī. pī.)]. Yathārūpāya saddhāya samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthupapannā [tatthuppannā (sī. pī.)], mayhampi tathārūpā saddhā saṃvijjati. Yathārūpena sīlena samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthupapannā, mayhampi tathārūpaṃ sīlaṃ saṃvijjati. Yathārūpena sutena samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthupapannā, mayhampi tathārūpaṃ sutaṃ saṃvijjati. Yathārūpena cāgena samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthupapannā, mayhampi tathārūpo cāgo saṃvijjati. Yathārūpāya paññāya samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthupapannā, mayhampi tathārūpā paññā saṃvijjatī’ti. Tassa attano ca tāsañca devatānaṃ saddhañca sīlañca sutañca cāgañca paññañca anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti, seyyathāpi, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa jātarūpassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa jātarūpassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Ukkañca paṭicca, loṇañca paṭicca, gerukañca paṭicca, nāḷikasaṇḍāsañca [nāḷikañca paṭicca saṇḍāsañca (pī. ka.)] paṭicca, purisassa ca tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ paṭicca. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa jātarūpassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Evamevaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako devatā anussarati – ‘santi devā cātumahārājikā, santi devā tāvatiṃsā…pe… santi devā tatuttari. Yathārūpāya saddhāya samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthupapannā, mayhampi tathārūpā saddhā saṃvijjati. Yathārūpena sīlena…pe… sutena…pe… cāgena…pe… paññāya samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthupapannā, mayhampi tathārūpā paññā saṃvijjatī’ti. Tassa attano ca tāsañca devatānaṃ saddhañca sīlañca sutañca cāgañca paññañca anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti. Ayaṃ vuccati, visākhe, ‘ariyasāvako devatuposathaṃ upavasati, devatāhi saddhiṃ saṃvasati, devatā ārabbha cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti’. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
‘‘Sa kho so, visākhe, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yāvajīvaṃ arahanto pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā nihitadaṇḍā nihitasatthā lajjī dayāpannā sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharanti; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharāmi. Imināpi [imināpahaṃ (sī.) a. ni. 8.41] aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissati.
‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭiviratā dinnādāyī dinnapāṭikaṅkhī, athenena sucibhūtena attanā viharanti; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭivirato dinnādāyī dinnapāṭikaṅkhī, athenena sucibhūtena attanā viharāmi. Imināpi aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissati.
‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto abrahmacariyaṃ pahāya brahmacārī ārācārī [anācārī (pī.)] viratā methunā gāmadhammā; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ abrahmacariyaṃ pahāya brahmacārī ārācārī virato methunā gāmadhammā. Imināpi aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissati.
‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭiviratā saccavādī saccasandhā thetā paccayikā avisaṃvādakā lokassa; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭivirato saccavādī saccasandho theto paccayiko avisaṃvādako lokassa. Imināpi aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissati.
‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato. Imināpi aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissati.
‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto ekabhattikā rattūparatā viratā vikālabhojanā; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ ekabhattiko rattūparato virato vikālabhojanā. Imināpi aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissati.
‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto naccagītavāditavisūkadassanamālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ naccagītavāditavisūkadassanamālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭivirato. Imināpi aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissati.
‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭiviratā nīcaseyyaṃ kappenti mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato nīcaseyyaṃ kappemi mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Imināpi aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’’ti.
‘‘Evaṃ kho, visākhe, ariyuposatho hoti. Evaṃ upavuttho kho, visākhe, ariyuposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro’’.
‘‘Kīvamahapphalo hoti kīvamahānisaṃso kīvamahājutiko kīvamahāvipphāro’’? ‘‘Seyyathāpi, visākhe, yo imesaṃ soḷasannaṃ mahājanapadānaṃ pahūtarattaratanānaṃ [pahūtasattaratanānaṃ (ka. sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) ṭīkāyaṃ dassitapāḷiyeva. a. ni. 8.42] issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreyya, seyyathidaṃ – aṅgānaṃ, magadhānaṃ, kāsīnaṃ, kosalānaṃ, vajjīnaṃ, mallānaṃ, cetīnaṃ, vaṅgānaṃ, kurūnaṃ, pañcālānaṃ, macchānaṃ [maccānaṃ (ka.)], sūrasenānaṃ, assakānaṃ, avantīnaṃ, gandhārānaṃ, kambojānaṃ, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatassa uposathassa etaṃ [ekaṃ (ka.)] kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasiṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Kapaṇaṃ, visākhe, mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’.
‘‘Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni paññāsa vassāni, cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo [rattidivo (ka.)]. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni pañca vassasatāni cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
‘‘Yaṃ, visākhe, mānusakaṃ vassasataṃ, tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbaṃ vassasahassaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
‘‘Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni dve vassasatāni, yāmānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni dve vassasahassāni yāmānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā yāmānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
‘‘Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni cattāri vassasatāni, tusitānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni cattāri vassasahassāni tusitānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tusitānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
‘‘Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni aṭṭha vassasatāni, nimmānaratīnaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni aṭṭha vassasahassāni nimmānaratīnaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā nimmānaratīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
‘‘Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni soḷasa vassasatāni, paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni soḷasa vassasahassāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāyā’’’ti.
‘‘Pāṇaṃ na haññe [na hāne (sī. pī.), na hane (ka.)] na cadinnamādiye,
Musā na bhāse na ca majjapo siyā;
Abrahmacariyā virameyya methunā,
Rattiṃ na bhuñjeyya vikālabhojanaṃ.
‘‘Mālaṃ na dhāre na ca gandhamācare,
Mañce chamāyaṃ va sayetha santhate;
Etañhi aṭṭhaṅgikamāhuposathaṃ,
Buddhena dukkhantagunā pakāsitaṃ.
‘‘Cando ca sūriyo ca ubho sudassanā,
Obhāsayaṃ anupariyanti yāvatā;
Tamonudā te pana antalikkhagā,
Nabhe pabhāsanti disāvirocanā.
‘‘Etasmiṃ yaṃ vijjati antare dhanaṃ,
Muttā maṇi veḷuriyañca bhaddakaṃ;
Siṅgī suvaṇṇaṃ atha vāpi kañcanaṃ,
Yaṃ jātarūpaṃ haṭakanti vuccati.
‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgupetassa uposathassa,
Kalampi te nānubhavanti soḷasiṃ;
Candappabhā tāragaṇā ca sabbe.
‘‘Tasmā hi nārī ca naro ca sīlavā,
Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṃ upavassuposathaṃ;
Puññāni katvāna sukhudrayāni,
Aninditā saggamupenti ṭhāna’’nti. dasamaṃ;
已對照

大品第七。

Mahāvaggo sattamo.
已對照

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