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增支部 · 三集·婆羅門品 Brāhmaṇavaggo

本經目錄(六)一、婆羅門品一、第一二婆羅門經二、第二二婆羅門經三、某婆羅門經四、遊方者經五、寂滅經六、壞滅經七、婆蹉種經八、帝甘那經九、生聞經十、僧迦羅婆經婆羅門品第一。

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(六)一、婆羅門品

(6) 1. Brāhmaṇavaggo
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一、第一二婆羅門經

1. Paṭhamadvebrāhmaṇasuttaṃ
52緬 1.154已對照

五十二、那時,兩位婆羅門——衰老、年邁、耆宿、歷時已久、到了[晚]年,生來一百二十歲——來到世尊之處;到了之後,與世尊互相問候。互相問候、交談了一番愉快而值得憶念的話之後,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那兩位婆羅門對世尊這樣說——“喬達摩尊師,我們是婆羅門,衰老、年邁、耆宿、歷時已久、到了[晚]年,生來一百二十歲;而我們未曾作美善[之事],未曾作善[業],未曾作對怖畏的救護。願喬達摩尊師教誡我們,願喬達摩尊師教導我們,[那]會長久為我們帶來利益與安樂。”

“婆羅門們,你們確實衰老、年邁、耆宿、歷時已久、到了[晚]年,生來一百二十歲;而你們未曾作美善[之事],未曾作善[業],未曾作對怖畏的救護。婆羅門們,這世間被衰老、疾病、死亡帶走。婆羅門們,當世間被衰老、疾病、死亡如此帶走時,凡於此處身的自制、語的自制、意的自制,那就是他去世後的救護、庇護、洲、歸依與歸趣。”

“生命被帶走,壽量短促,

為衰老所帶走者沒有庇護;

觀見死亡中這樣的怖畏,

應當作能帶來安樂的諸福德。

“凡於此[世]身的自制,語的或心的[自制],

那對去世的他成為安樂,

[即]他在世時所作的福德。”第一[經]。

52. Atha kho dve brāhmaṇā jiṇṇā vuddhā mahallakā addhagatā vayoanuppattā vīsavassasatikā jātiyā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te brāhmaṇā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘mayamassu, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā jiṇṇā vuddhā mahallakā addhagatā vayoanuppattā vīsavassasatikā jātiyā; te camhā akatakalyāṇā akatakusalā akatabhīruttāṇā. Ovadatu no bhavaṃ gotamo, anusāsatu no bhavaṃ gotamo yaṃ amhākaṃ assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti.
‘‘Taggha tumhe, brāhmaṇā, jiṇṇā vuddhā mahallakā addhagatā vayoanuppattā vīsavassasatikā jātiyā; te cattha akatakalyāṇā akatakusalā akatabhīruttāṇā. Upanīyati kho ayaṃ, brāhmaṇā, loko jarāya byādhinā maraṇena. Evaṃ upanīyamāne kho, brāhmaṇā, loke jarāya byādhinā maraṇena, yo idha kāyena saṃyamo vācāya saṃyamo manasā saṃyamo, taṃ tassa petassa tāṇañca leṇañca dīpañca saraṇañca parāyaṇañcā’’ti.
‘‘Upanīyati jīvitamappamāyu,
Jarūpanītassa na santi tāṇā;
Etaṃ bhayaṃ maraṇe pekkhamāno,
Puññāni kayirātha sukhāvahāni.
‘‘Yodha kāyena saṃyamo, vācāya uda cetasā;
Taṃ tassa petassa sukhāya hoti,
Yaṃ jīvamāno pakaroti puñña’’nti. [saṃ. ni. 1.100] paṭhamaṃ;
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二、第二二婆羅門經

2. Dutiyadvebrāhmaṇasuttaṃ
53PTS 1.156緬 1.155已對照

五十三、那時,兩位婆羅門——衰老、年邁、耆宿、歷時已久、到了[晚]年,生來一百二十歲——來到世尊之處;到了之後,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那兩位婆羅門對世尊這樣說——“喬達摩尊師,我們是婆羅門,衰老、年邁、耆宿、歷時已久、到了[晚]年,生來一百二十歲;而我們未曾作美善[之事],未曾作善[業],未曾作對怖畏的救護。願喬達摩尊師教誡我們,願喬達摩尊師教導我們,[那]會長久為我們帶來利益與安樂。”

“婆羅門們,你們確實衰老、年邁、耆宿、歷時已久、到了[晚]年,生來一百二十歲;而你們未曾作美善[之事],未曾作善[業],未曾作對怖畏的救護。婆羅門們,這世間被衰老、疾病、死亡燃燒著。婆羅門們,當世間被衰老、疾病、死亡如此燃燒時,凡於此處身的自制、語的自制、意的自制,那就是他去世後的救護、庇護、洲、歸依與歸趣。”

“於燃燒的家中,凡[人]搬出的器物,

那[器物]對他才有用,而於其中被燒的則[無用]。

“這世間也如是被燃燒著——由衰老與死亡[而燃燒];

唯應以布施搬出,所施者即是善搬出者。

“凡於此[世]身的自制,語的或心的[自制],

那對去世的他成為安樂,

[即]他在世時所作的福德。”第二[經]。

53. Atha kho dve brāhmaṇā jiṇṇā vuddhā mahallakā addhagatā vayoanuppattā vīsavassasatikā jātiyā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te brāhmaṇā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘mayamassu, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā jiṇṇā vuddhā mahallakā addhagatā vayoanuppattā vīsavassasatikā jātiyā; te camhā akatakalyāṇā akatakusalā akatabhīruttāṇā. Ovadatu no bhavaṃ gotamo, anusāsatu no bhavaṃ gotamo yaṃ amhākaṃ assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti.
‘‘Taggha tumhe, brāhmaṇā, jiṇṇā vuddhā mahallakā addhagatā vayoanuppattā vīsavassasatikā jātiyā; te cattha akatakalyāṇā akatakusalā akatabhīruttāṇā. Āditto kho ayaṃ, brāhmaṇā, loko jarāya byādhinā maraṇena. Evaṃ āditte kho, brāhmaṇā, loke jarāya byādhinā maraṇena, yo idha kāyena saṃyamo vācāya saṃyamo manasā saṃyamo, taṃ tassa petassa tāṇañca leṇañca dīpañca saraṇañca parāyaṇañcā’’ti.
‘‘Ādittasmiṃ agārasmiṃ, yaṃ nīharati bhājanaṃ;
Taṃ tassa hoti atthāya, no ca yaṃ tattha ḍayhati.
‘‘Evaṃ āditto kho [evaṃ ādīvito (sī. pī.), evaṃ ādittako (syā. kaṃ.) saṃ. ni. 1.41] loko, jarāya maraṇena ca;
Nīharetheva dānena, dinnaṃ hoti sunīhataṃ [sunibbhataṃ (ka.)].
‘‘Yodha kāyena saṃyamo, vācāya uda cetasā;
Taṃ tassa petassa sukhāya hoti,
Yaṃ jīvamāno pakaroti puñña’’nti. dutiyaṃ;
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三、某婆羅門經

3. Aññatarabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ
54緬 1.156已對照

五十四、那時,某位婆羅門來到世尊之處;到了之後,與世尊互相問候……乃至……坐在一旁的那位婆羅門對世尊這樣說——“喬達摩尊師,人們說‘現見的法、現見的法’。喬達摩尊師,到什麼程度,法才是現見的、無時的、來見的、引導的、智者應各自證知的呢?”

54. Atha kho aññataro brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘sandiṭṭhiko dhammo sandiṭṭhiko dhammo’ti, bho gotama, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bho gotama, sandiṭṭhiko dhammo hoti akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko [opanayiko (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) pañcamasuttassa ṭīkā oloketabbā] paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’’ti?
PTS 1.157已對照

“婆羅門,貪染者被貪所征服、心被遍盡,既思於自身的損害,也思於他人的損害,也思於兩者的損害,也感受心的苦、憂。貪已斷時,他既不思於自身的損害,也不思於他人的損害,也不思於兩者的損害,也不感受心的苦、憂。(貪染者……乃至……以身行惡行,以語行惡行,以意行惡行。貪已斷時,他既不以身行惡行,也不以語行惡行,也不以意行惡行。貪染者……乃至……不如實了知自己的義利,也不如實了知他人的義利,也不如實了知兩者的義利。貪已斷時,他如實了知自己的義利,也如實了知他人的義利,也如實了知兩者的義利。)婆羅門,如是,法也是現見的……乃至……。

‘‘Ratto kho, brāhmaṇa, rāgena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto attabyābādhāyapi ceteti, parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, ubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Rāge pahīne nevattabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na ubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. (Ratto kho…pe… kāyena duccaritaṃ carati, vācāya duccaritaṃ carati, manasā duccaritaṃ carati. Rāge pahīnā neva kāyena duccaritaṃ carati, na vācāya duccaritaṃ carati, na manasā duccaritaṃ carati. Ratto kho…pe… attatthampi yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, paratthampi yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, ubhayatthampi yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Rāge pahīne attatthampi yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, paratthampi yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ubhayatthampi yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti.) [( ) etthantare pāṭho sī. syā. kaṃ. pī. potthakesu na dissati, idhapi duṭṭhamūḷhavāresu] Evampi kho, brāhmaṇa, sandiṭṭhiko dhammo hoti…pe….
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“婆羅門,瞋恚者被瞋所征服、心被遍盡,既思於自身的損害,也思於他人的損害,也思於兩者的損害,也感受心的苦、憂。瞋已斷時,他既不思於自身的損害,也不思於他人的損害,也不思於兩者的損害,也不感受心的苦、憂。婆羅門,如是,法也是現見的……乃至……。

‘‘Duṭṭho kho, brāhmaṇa, dosena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto attabyābādhāyapi ceteti, parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, ubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Dose pahīne nevattabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na ubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na cetasikampi [na cetasikaṃ (sī. syā. ka.)] dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Evampi kho, brāhmaṇa, sandiṭṭhiko dhammo hoti…pe….
緬 1.157已對照

“婆羅門,愚痴者被痴所征服、心被遍盡,既思於自身的損害,也思於他人的損害,也思於兩者的損害,也感受心的苦、憂。痴已斷時,他既不思於自身的損害,也不思於他人的損害,也不思於兩者的損害,也不感受心的苦、憂。婆羅門,如是,法是現見的、無時的、來見的、引導的、智者應各自證知的。”

‘‘Mūḷho kho, brāhmaṇa, mohena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto attabyābādhāyapi ceteti, parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, ubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Mohe pahīne nevattabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na ubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Evaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, sandiṭṭhiko dhammo hoti akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’’ti.
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“奇哉!喬達摩尊師,奇哉!喬達摩尊師。喬達摩尊師,猶如把倒覆的扶起,把遮蔽的揭開,為迷路者指示道路,在黑暗中持來油燈,使有眼者得見諸色。正是如此,喬達摩尊師以種種方式開顯了法。我皈依喬達摩尊師、法與比丘僧團。願喬達摩尊師憶持我為優婆塞,從今日起,終生皈依。”第三[經]。

‘‘Abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama! Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.
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四、遊方者經

4. Paribbājakasuttaṃ
55已對照

五十五、那時,某位婆羅門遊方者來到世尊之處;到了之後……乃至……坐在一旁的那位婆羅門遊方者對世尊這樣說——“喬達摩尊師,人們說‘現見的法、現見的法’。喬達摩尊師,到什麼程度,法才是現見的、無時的、來見的、引導的、智者應各自證知的呢?”

55. Atha kho aññataro brāhmaṇaparibbājako yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so brāhmaṇaparibbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘sandiṭṭhiko dhammo sandiṭṭhiko dhammo’ti, bho gotama, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bho gotama, sandiṭṭhiko dhammo hoti akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’’ti?
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“婆羅門,貪染者被貪所征服、心被遍盡,既思於自身的損害,也思於他人的損害,也思於兩者的損害,也感受心的苦、憂。貪已斷時,他既不思於自身的損害,也不思於他人的損害,也不思於兩者的損害,也不感受心的苦、憂。

‘‘Ratto kho, brāhmaṇa, rāgena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto attabyābādhāyapi ceteti, parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, ubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Rāge pahīne nevattabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na ubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
PTS 1.158已對照

“婆羅門,貪染者被貪所征服、心被遍盡,以身行惡行,以語行惡行,以意行惡行。貪已斷時,他既不以身行惡行,也不以語行惡行,也不以意行惡行。

‘‘Ratto kho, brāhmaṇa, rāgena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto kāyena duccaritaṃ carati, vācāya duccaritaṃ carati, manasā duccaritaṃ carati. Rāge pahīne neva kāyena duccaritaṃ carati, na vācāya duccaritaṃ carati, na manasā duccaritaṃ carati.
緬 1.158已對照

“婆羅門,貪染者被貪所征服、心被遍盡,不如實了知自己的義利,也不如實了知他人的義利,也不如實了知兩者的義利。貪已斷時,他如實了知自己的義利,也如實了知他人的義利,也如實了知兩者的義利。婆羅門,如是,法也是現見的……乃至……。

‘‘Ratto kho, brāhmaṇa, rāgena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto attatthampi yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, paratthampi yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, ubhayatthampi yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Rāge pahīne attatthampi yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, paratthampi yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ubhayatthampi yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evampi kho, brāhmaṇa, sandiṭṭhiko dhammo hoti…pe….
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“婆羅門,瞋恚者被瞋……乃至……婆羅門,愚痴者被痴所征服、心被遍盡,既思於自身的損害,也思於他人的損害,也思於兩者的損害,也感受心的苦、憂。痴已斷時,他既不思於自身的損害,也不思於他人的損害,也不思於兩者的損害,也不感受心的苦、憂。

‘‘Duṭṭho kho, brāhmaṇa, dosena…pe… mūḷho kho, brāhmaṇa, mohena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto attabyābādhāyapi ceteti, parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, ubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Mohe pahīne nevattabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na ubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
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“婆羅門,愚痴者被痴所征服、心被遍盡,以身行惡行,以語行惡行,以意行惡行。痴已斷時,他既不以身行惡行,也不以語行惡行,也不以意行惡行。

‘‘Mūḷho kho, brāhmaṇa, mohena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto, kāyena duccaritaṃ carati, vācāya duccaritaṃ carati, manasā duccaritaṃ carati. Mohe pahīne neva kāyena duccaritaṃ carati, na vācāya duccaritaṃ carati, na manasā duccaritaṃ carati.
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“婆羅門,愚痴者被痴所征服、心被遍盡,不如實了知自己的義利,也不如實了知他人的義利,也不如實了知兩者的義利。痴已斷時,他如實了知自己的義利,也如實了知他人的義利,也如實了知兩者的義利。婆羅門,如是,法是現見的、無時的、來見的、引導的、智者應各自證知的。”

‘‘Mūḷho kho, brāhmaṇa, mohena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto attatthampi yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, paratthampi yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, ubhayatthampi yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Mohe pahīne attatthampi yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, paratthampi yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ubhayatthampi yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, sandiṭṭhiko dhammo hoti akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’’ti.
已對照

“奇哉!喬達摩尊師……乃至……願喬達摩尊師憶持我為優婆塞,從今日起,終生皈依。”第四[經]。

‘‘Abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Catutthaṃ.
已對照

五、寂滅經

5. Nibbutasuttaṃ
56已對照

五十六、那時,生聞(Jāṇussoṇi)婆羅門來到世尊之處;到了之後,禮敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的生聞婆羅門對世尊這樣說——“喬達摩尊師,人們說‘現見的涅槃、現見的涅槃’。喬達摩尊師,到什麼程度,涅槃才是現見的、無時的、來見的、引導的、智者應各自證知的呢?”

56. Atha kho jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘sandiṭṭhikaṃ nibbānaṃ sandiṭṭhikaṃ nibbāna’nti, bho gotama, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bho gotama, sandiṭṭhikaṃ nibbānaṃ hoti akālikaṃ ehipassikaṃ opaneyyikaṃ paccattaṃ veditabbaṃ viññūhī’’ti?
PTS 1.159緬 1.159已對照

“婆羅門,貪染者被貪所征服、心被遍盡,既思於自身的損害,也思於他人的損害,也思於兩者的損害,也感受心的苦、憂。貪已斷時,他既不思於自身的損害,也不思於他人的損害,也不思於兩者的損害,也不感受心的苦、憂。婆羅門,如是,涅槃也是現見的。

‘‘Ratto kho, brāhmaṇa, rāgena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto attabyābādhāyapi ceteti, parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, ubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Rāge pahīne nevattabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na ubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Evampi kho, brāhmaṇa, sandiṭṭhikaṃ nibbānaṃ hoti.
已對照

“婆羅門,瞋恚者……乃至……婆羅門,愚痴者被痴所征服、心被遍盡,既思於自身的損害,也思於他人的損害,也思於兩者的損害,也感受心的苦、憂。痴已斷時,他既不思於自身的損害,也不思於他人的損害,也不思於兩者的損害,也不感受心的苦、憂。婆羅門,如是,涅槃也是現見的。

‘‘Duṭṭho kho, brāhmaṇa…pe… mūḷho kho, brāhmaṇa, mohena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto attabyābādhāyapi ceteti, parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, ubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Mohe pahīne nevattabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na parabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na ubhayabyābādhāyapi ceteti, na cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Evampi kho, brāhmaṇa, sandiṭṭhikaṃ nibbānaṃ hoti.
已對照

“婆羅門,當這[人]感受無餘的貪盡,感受無餘的瞋盡,感受無餘的痴盡時,婆羅門,如是,涅槃是現見的、無時的、來見的、引導的、智者應各自證知的。”“奇哉!喬達摩尊師……乃至……願喬達摩尊師憶持我為優婆塞,從今日起,終生皈依。”第五[經]。

‘‘Yato kho ayaṃ, brāhmaṇa [yato ca kho ayaṃ brāhmaṇa (sī.), yato kho brāhmaṇa akālikaṃ ehipassikaṃ opaneyyikaṃ paccattaṃ veditabbaṃ (ka.)], anavasesaṃ rāgakkhayaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, anavasesaṃ dosakkhayaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, anavasesaṃ mohakkhayaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti; evaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, sandiṭṭhikaṃ nibbānaṃ hoti akālikaṃ ehipassikaṃ opaneyyikaṃ paccattaṃ veditabbaṃ viññūhī’’ti. ‘‘Abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Pañcamaṃ.
已對照

六、壞滅經

6. Palokasuttaṃ
57PTS 1.160緬 1.160已對照

五十七、那時,某位大富婆羅門來到世尊之處……乃至……坐在一旁的那位大富婆羅門對世尊這樣說——“喬達摩尊師,我曾聽古時年邁、耆宿、為師及老師的老師的婆羅門們這樣說:‘從前,這世間彷彿無間[大地獄]一般為人們所充滿,村落、市鎮、王都[稠密得]雞飛可及。’喬達摩尊師,是什麼因、什麼緣,使如今人們減損,顯得稀少,村落也成為非村落,市鎮也成為非市鎮,城市也成為非城市,地方也成為非地方?”

57. Atha kho aññataro brāhmaṇamahāsālo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so brāhmaṇamahāsālo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sutaṃ metaṃ, bho gotama, pubbakānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ vuddhānaṃ mahallakānaṃ ācariyapācariyānaṃ bhāsamānānaṃ – ‘pubbe sudaṃ [pubbassudaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] ayaṃ loko avīci maññe phuṭo ahosi manussehi, kukkuṭasaṃpātikā gāmanigamarājadhāniyo’ti. Ko nu kho, bho gotama, hetu ko paccayo yenetarahi manussānaṃ khayo hoti, tanuttaṃ paññāyati, gāmāpi agāmā honti, nigamāpi anigamā honti, nagarāpi anagarā honti, janapadāpi ajanapadā hontī’’ti?
已對照

“婆羅門,如今的人們為非法之貪所染,為失度之貪所征服,為邪法所困。他們為非法之貪所染,為失度之貪所征服,為邪法所困,拿起鋒利的刀劍,互相奪命,因此許多人命終。婆羅門,這也是[一個]因、[一個]緣,由於它,如今人們減損,顯得稀少,村落也成為非村落,市鎮也成為非市鎮,城市也成為非城市,地方也成為非地方。

‘‘Etarahi, brāhmaṇa, manussā adhammarāgarattā visamalobhābhibhūtā micchādhammaparetā. Te adhammarāgarattā visamalobhābhibhūtā micchādhammaparetā tiṇhāni satthāni gahetvā aññamaññaṃ [aññamaññassa (sabbattha)] jīvitā voropenti, tena bahū manussā kālaṃ karonti. Ayampi kho, brāhmaṇa, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yenetarahi manussānaṃ khayo hoti, tanuttaṃ paññāyati, gāmāpi agāmā honti, nigamāpi anigamā honti, nagarāpi anagarā honti, janapadāpi ajanapadā honti.
已對照

“再者,婆羅門,如今的人們為非法之貪所染,為失度之貪所征服,為邪法所困。對於為非法之貪所染,為失度之貪所征服,為邪法所困的他們,天不適時降下好雨。因此有饑饉,有歉收,[穀穗]白而無實,種下的只成籤條。因此許多人命終。婆羅門,這也是[一個]因、[一個]緣,由於它,如今人們減損,顯得稀少,村落也成為非村落,市鎮也成為非市鎮,城市也成為非城市,地方也成為非地方。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, etarahi manussā adhammarāgarattā visamalobhābhibhūtā micchādhammaparetā. Tesaṃ adhammarāgarattānaṃ visamalobhābhibhūtānaṃ micchādhammaparetānaṃ devo na sammādhāraṃ anuppavecchati. Tena dubbhikkhaṃ hoti dussassaṃ setaṭṭhikaṃ salākāvuttaṃ. Tena bahū manussā kālaṃ karonti. Ayampi kho, brāhmaṇa, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yenetarahi manussānaṃ khayo hoti, tanuttaṃ paññāyati, gāmāpi agāmā honti, nigamāpi anigamā honti, nagarāpi anagarā honti, janapadāpi ajanapadā honti.
已對照

“再者,婆羅門,如今的人們為非法之貪所染,為失度之貪所征服,為邪法所困。對於為非法之貪所染,為失度之貪所征服,為邪法所困的他們,夜叉[首領]們放出兇猛的非人,因此許多人命終。婆羅門,這也是[一個]因、[一個]緣,由於它,如今人們減損,顯得稀少,村落也成為非村落,市鎮也成為非市鎮,城市也成為非城市,地方也成為非地方。”

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, brāhmaṇa, etarahi manussā adhammarāgarattā visamalobhābhibhūtā micchādhammaparetā. Tesaṃ adhammarāgarattānaṃ visamalobhābhibhūtānaṃ micchādhammaparetānaṃ yakkhā vāḷe amanusse ossajjanti [ossajanti (sī.)], tena bahū manussā kālaṃ karonti. Ayampi kho, brāhmaṇa, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yenetarahi manussānaṃ khayo hoti, tanuttaṃ paññāyati, gāmāpi agāmā honti, nigamāpi anigamā honti, nagarāpi anagarā honti, janapadāpi ajanapadā hontī’’ti.
已對照

“奇哉!喬達摩尊師……乃至……願喬達摩尊師憶持我為優婆塞,從今日起,終生皈依。”第六[經]。

‘‘Abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
已對照

七、婆蹉種經

7. Vacchagottasuttaṃ
58PTS 1.161緬 1.161已對照

五十八、那時,婆蹉種(Vacchagotta)遊方者來到世尊之處;到了之後,與世尊互相問候。互相問候、交談了一番愉快而值得憶念的話之後,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的婆蹉種遊方者對世尊這樣說——“喬達摩尊師,我聽說沙門喬達摩這樣說:‘只應施與我,不應施與他人;只應施與我的弟子,不應施與他人的弟子;唯有施與我的才有大果,施與他人的沒有大果;唯有施與我的弟子的才有大果,施與他人的弟子的沒有大果。’喬達摩尊師,那些這樣說的人——‘沙門喬達摩這樣說:只應施與我,不應施與他人。只應施與我的弟子,不應施與他人的弟子。唯有施與我的才有大果,施與他人的沒有大果。唯有施與我的弟子的才有大果,施與他人的弟子的沒有大果。’——他們是否是在轉述喬達摩尊師所說的話?他們是否不曾以不實之事誹謗喬達摩尊師?是否是隨法而解說法?是否沒有任何如法的隨論會落入應受呵責之處?因為我們並不想誹謗喬達摩尊師。”

58. Atha kho vacchagotto [vacchaputto (ka.)] paribbājako yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho vacchagotto paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sutaṃ metaṃ, bho gotama, samaṇo gotamo evamāha – ‘mayhameva dānaṃ dātabbaṃ, nāññesaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ; mayhameva sāvakānaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ, nāññesaṃ sāvakānaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ; mayhameva dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ, nāññesaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ; mayhameva sāvakānaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ, nāññesaṃ sāvakānaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphala’nti. Ye te, bho gotama, evamāhaṃsu ‘samaṇo gotamo evamāha mayhameva dānaṃ dātabbaṃ, nāññesaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ. Mayhameva sāvakānaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ, nāññesaṃ sāvakānaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ. Mayhameva dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ, nāññesaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ. Mayhameva sāvakānaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ, nāññesaṃ sāvakānaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphala’nti. Kacci te bhoto gotamassa vuttavādino ca bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkhanti, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākaronti, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānupāto [vādānuvādo (ka.)] gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgacchati? Anabbhakkhātukāmā hi mayaṃ bhavantaṃ gotama’’nti.
已對照

“婆蹉,那些這樣說的人——‘沙門喬達摩這樣說:只應施與我……乃至……施與他人的弟子的沒有大果’——他們並不是在轉述我所說的話,而是以不實、不真之事誹謗我。婆蹉,凡阻止他人布施者,是三者的障礙者,是三者的劫路者。是哪三者的呢?他是施者之福的障礙者,是受者之利得的障礙者,而且他自己早已受損、受害。婆蹉,凡阻止他人布施者,是這三者的障礙者,是這三者的劫路者。

‘‘Ye te, vaccha, evamāhaṃsu – ‘samaṇo gotamo evamāha – mayhameva dānaṃ dātabbaṃ…pe… nāññesaṃ sāvakānaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphala’nti na me te vuttavādino. Abbhācikkhanti ca pana maṃ [ca pana maṃ te (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] asatā abhūtena. Yo kho, vaccha, paraṃ dānaṃ dadantaṃ vāreti so tiṇṇaṃ antarāyakaro hoti, tiṇṇaṃ pāripanthiko. Katamesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ? Dāyakassa puññantarāyakaro hoti, paṭiggāhakānaṃ lābhantarāyakaro hoti, pubbeva kho panassa attā khato ca hoti upahato ca. Yo kho, vaccha, paraṃ dānaṃ dadantaṃ vāreti so imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ antarāyakaro hoti, tiṇṇaṃ pāripanthiko.
緬 1.162已對照

“婆蹉,而我是這樣說的:凡在汙泥坑或排水溝中的眾生,即使在那裡,若有人倒掉洗鍋水或洗碗水,[心想:]‘願在那裡的眾生以此維生’,婆蹉,我說即使以此為因緣也有福的來到,何況對於[已]成為人者!然而,婆蹉,我說施與持戒者有大果,施與破戒者則不然;而他是舍離五支、具足五支者。

‘‘Ahaṃ kho pana, vaccha, evaṃ vadāmi – ye hi te candanikāya vā oligalle vā pāṇā, tatrapi yo thālidhovanaṃ [thālakadhovanaṃ (ka.)] vā sarāvadhovanaṃ vā chaḍḍeti – ye tattha pāṇā te tena yāpentūti, tato nidānampāhaṃ, vaccha, puññassa āgamaṃ vadāmi. Ko pana vādo manussabhūte! Api cāhaṃ, vaccha, sīlavato dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ vadāmi, no tathā dussīlassa, so ca hoti pañcaṅgavippahīno pañcaṅgasamannāgato.
PTS 1.162已對照

“哪五支已斷?欲欲已斷,瞋恚已斷,昏沉睡眠已斷,掉舉追悔已斷,疑已斷——這五支已舍離。

‘‘Katamāni pañcaṅgāni pahīnāni honti? Kāmacchando pahīno hoti, byāpādo pahīno hoti, thinamiddhaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, vicikicchā pahīnā hoti. Imāni pañcaṅgāni vippahīnāni honti.
已對照

“具足哪五支?具足無學的戒蘊,具足無學的定蘊,具足無學的慧蘊,具足無學的解脫蘊,具足無學的解脫知見蘊——具足這五支。如是,我說施與舍離五支、具足五支者,有大果。”

‘‘Katamehi pañcahi aṅgehi samannāgato hoti? Asekkhena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekkhena samādhikkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekkhena paññākkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekkhena vimuttikkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekkhena vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhena samannāgato hoti; imehi pañcahi aṅgehi samannāgato hoti. Iti pañcaṅgavippahīne pañcaṅgasamannāgate dinnaṃ mahapphalanti vadāmī’’ti.
已對照

“如是,於黑的、白的、赤的或黃褐的,

‘‘Iti kaṇhāsu setāsu, rohiṇīsu harīsu vā;
已對照

斑雜的、[與犢]同色的,或鴿色的諸母牛中,

Kammāsāsu sarūpāsu, gosu pārevatāsu vā.
已對照

“於這些之中無論哪一種[母牛],生出了調順的牛王,

‘‘Yāsu kāsuci etāsu, danto jāyati puṅgavo;
已對照

堪任荷負、具足力量、以美好的速度前行,

Dhorayho balasampanno, kalyāṇajavanikkamo;
已對照

[人們]就把它套上重擔,不考察它的毛色。

Tameva bhāre yuñjanti, nāssa vaṇṇaṃ parikkhare.
已對照

“同樣,在人們之中,無論生於哪一種[家族]——

‘‘Evamevaṃ manussesu, yasmiṃ kasmiñci jātiye;
已對照

剎帝利、婆羅門、吠舍、首陀羅、旃陀羅、補羯娑,

Khattiye brāhmaṇe vesse, sudde caṇḍālapukkuse.
已對照

“於這些之中無論哪一種,生出了調順、善持禁戒者,

‘‘Yāsu kāsuci etāsu, danto jāyati subbato;
已對照

住於法、具足戒、說真實語、心有慚,

Dhammaṭṭho sīlasampanno, saccavādī hirīmano.
已對照

“已斷生與死、梵行圓滿,

‘‘Pahīnajātimaraṇo, brahmacariyassa kevalī;
已對照

已舍擔、離繫縛、所作已辦、無漏,

Pannabhāro visaṃyutto, katakicco anāsavo.
已對照

“到達一切法的彼岸、不執取而寂滅——

‘‘Pāragū sabbadhammānaṃ, anupādāya nibbuto;
已對照

正是在那離塵的田中,奉施成為廣大的。

Tasmiṃyeva [tasmiṃ ve (syā. kaṃ.)] viraje khette, vipulā hoti dakkhiṇā.
緬 1.163已對照

“而愚人們不了知[田]、劣慧、無聞,

‘‘Bālā ca avijānantā, dummedhā assutāvino;
已對照

在[此教]外施予布施,不親近諸寂靜者;

Bahiddhā denti dānāni, na hi sante upāsare.
已對照

“而那些親近諸寂靜者——有慧、為堅固者所尊重者,

‘‘Ye ca sante upāsanti, sappaññe dhīrasammate;
已對照

他們對善逝的信已生根、已住立。

Saddhā ca nesaṃ sugate, mūlajātā patiṭṭhitā.
已對照

“他們或往天界,或在此[世]生於[好]家;

‘‘Devalokañca te yanti, kule vā idha jāyare;
已對照

諸智者次第證得涅槃。”第七[經]。

Anupubbena nibbānaṃ, adhigacchanti paṇḍitā’’ti. sattamaṃ;
已對照

八、帝甘那經

8. Tikaṇṇasuttaṃ
59PTS 1.163已對照

五十九、那時,帝甘那(Tikaṇṇa)婆羅門來到世尊之處;到了之後,與世尊……乃至……坐在一旁的帝甘那婆羅門在世尊面前稱讚三吠陀婆羅門:“三吠陀婆羅門是這樣的,三吠陀婆羅門也是如此的。”

59. Atha kho tikaṇṇo brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho tikaṇṇo brāhmaṇo bhagavato sammukhā tevijjānaṃ sudaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati – ‘‘evampi tevijjā brāhmaṇā, itipi tevijjā brāhmaṇā’’ti.
已對照

“婆羅門,那麼婆羅門們依何[理由]、如何施設三吠陀婆羅門呢?”“喬達摩尊師,在此,婆羅門於母方與父方兩方面都是善生,受胎清淨,直至第七代祖父,就出身論不受擯斥、不受譏毀;[他是]讀誦者、持聖典者,通達三吠陀,及其語彙、儀軌、音韻與語源分析,以及作為第五的古傳說;通曉語句、精通文法,於順世論及大丈夫相圓滿無缺。喬達摩尊師,婆羅門們就是這樣施設三吠陀者的。”

‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana, brāhmaṇa, brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ tevijjaṃ paññāpentī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, bho gotama, brāhmaṇo ubhato sujāto hoti mātito ca pitito ca, saṃsuddhagahaṇiko yāva sattamā pitāmahayugā, akkhitto anupakkuṭṭho jātivādena, ajjhāyako, mantadharo, tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāragū sanighaṇḍukeṭubhānaṃ sākkharappabhedānaṃ itihāsapañcamānaṃ, padako, veyyākaraṇo, lokāyatamahāpurisalakkhaṇesu anavayoti. Evaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā tevijjaṃ paññāpentī’’ti.
已對照

“婆羅門,婆羅門們以一種方式施設三吠陀婆羅門,而在聖者之律中,則以另一種方式成為三明者。”“喬達摩尊師,那麼在聖者之律中,依何[理由]、如何成為三明者呢?善哉!願喬達摩尊師為我宣說在聖者之律中如何成為三明者的法。”“那麼,婆羅門,你要諦聽,好好作意,我要說了。”“是的,尊師。”帝甘那婆羅門應諾了世尊。世尊這樣說——

‘‘Aññathā kho, brāhmaṇa, brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ tevijjaṃ paññapenti, aññathā ca pana ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hotī’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana, bho gotama, ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hoti? Sādhu me bhavaṃ gotamo tathā dhammaṃ desetu yathā ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hotī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, brāhmaṇa, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bho’’ti kho tikaṇṇo brāhmaṇo bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca –
PTS 1.164緬 1.164已對照

“婆羅門,在此,比丘已離諸欲,離諸不善法,有尋、有伺,離生喜、樂,成就並住於初禪。尋、伺寂止,內潔淨,心專一性,無尋、無伺,定生喜、樂,成就並住於第二禪。離喜,住於舍,具念與正知,以身受樂,正如聖者們所說的:‘舍、具念、樂住。’成就並住於第三禪。舍斷樂與舍斷苦,先前的喜、憂已經滅沒,不苦不樂,舍念清淨,成就並住於第四禪。

‘‘Idha, brāhmaṇa, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā, pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
已對照

“當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於宿住隨念智(pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇa)。他回憶起許多種宿住,即:一生、二生、三生、四生、五生、十生、二十生、三十生、四十生、五十生、一百生、一千生、十萬生、許多壞劫、許多成劫、許多壞成劫——‘我在那裡有如此的名字、如此的種姓、如此的容貌、如此的食物,經歷如此的苦樂,有如此的壽量;從那裡死後,投生到那裡。在那裡又有如此的名字、如此的種姓、如此的容貌、如此的食物,經歷如此的苦樂,有如此的壽量;從那裡死後,投生到這裡。’如此,他回憶起具有行相、具有細節的許多種宿住。這便是他所證得的第一明;無明被摧破,明生起了;黑暗被摧破,光明生起了——正如對於不放逸、精勤、自我策勵而住者[所應有的]那樣。

‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattārīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi, anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe – ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ. Tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Ayamassa paṭhamā vijjā adhigatā hoti; avijjā vihatā, vijjā uppannā; tamo vihato, āloko uppanno yathā taṃ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.
PTS 1.165緬 1.165已對照

“當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於眾生死生智(sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇa)。他以清淨、超人的天眼,看見眾生的死亡與投生:或低賤或高貴,或美麗或醜陋,或善趣或惡趣,了知眾生隨業而去——‘這些眾生確實具足身惡行……乃至……具足意惡行,誹謗聖者,持邪見,受持邪見之業;他們身壞命終之後,投生於苦界、惡趣、墮處、地獄。而這些眾生具足身善行、具足語善行、具足意善行,不誹謗聖者,持正見,受持正見之業;他們身壞命終之後,投生於善趣、天界。’如此,他以清淨、超人的天眼,看見眾生的死亡與投生:或低賤或高貴,或美麗或醜陋,或善趣或惡趣,了知眾生隨業而去。這便是他所證得的第二明;無明被摧破,明生起了;黑暗被摧破,光明生起了——正如對於不放逸、精勤、自我策勵而住者[所應有的]那樣。

‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti – ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā…pe… manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā, vacīsucaritena samannāgatā, manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. Ayamassa dutiyā vijjā adhigatā hoti; avijjā vihatā, vijjā uppannā; tamo vihato, āloko uppanno yathā taṃ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.
已對照

“當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於漏盡智(āsavānaṃ khayañāṇa)。他如實了知‘此是苦’,如實了知‘此是苦之集’,如實了知‘此是苦之滅’,如實了知‘此是導至苦滅之道’;如實了知‘此是諸漏’,如實了知‘此是漏之集’,如實了知‘此是漏之滅’,如實了知‘此是導至漏滅之道’。當他如此知、如此見時,心從欲漏解脫,心從有漏解脫,心從無明漏解脫;於解脫時,有‘已解脫’之智。他了知:‘生已盡,梵行已立,應作已作,再無後有。’這便是他所證得的第三明;無明被摧破,明生起了;黑暗被摧破,光明生起了——正如對於不放逸、精勤、自我策勵而住者[所應有的]那樣。”

‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; ‘ime āsavā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ āsavasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati; vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. Ayamassa tatiyā vijjā adhigatā hoti; avijjā vihatā, vijjā uppannā; tamo vihato, āloko uppanno yathā taṃ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato’’ti.
已對照

“戒無高低者、審慎而修禪者,

‘‘Anuccāvacasīlassa, nipakassa ca jhāyino;
已對照

誰的心已得自在、專一、善得定,

Cittaṃ yassa vasībhūtaṃ, ekaggaṃ susamāhitaṃ.
已對照

“那位驅除黑暗的堅固者、三明者、舍離死亡者,

‘‘Taṃ ve tamonudaṃ dhīraṃ, tevijjaṃ maccuhāyinaṃ;
已對照

[人們]稱他為對天與人有益者、舍斷一切者,

Hitaṃ devamanussānaṃ, āhu sabbappahāyinaṃ.
已對照

“具足三明、住於無迷亂者,

‘‘Tīhi vijjāhi sampannaṃ, asammūḷhavihārinaṃ;
已對照

持最後身的佛陀,[人們]禮敬那位喬達摩。

Buddhaṃ antimadehinaṃ [antimasārīraṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)], taṃ namassanti gotamaṃ.
緬 1.166已對照

“誰知宿住,並見天界與苦界,

[dha. pa. 423; itivu. 99] ‘‘Pubbenivāsaṃ yo vedī, saggāpāyañca passati;
已對照

又已達生之滅盡,是以證智完成的牟尼。

Atho jātikkhayaṃ patto, abhiññāvosito muni.
已對照

“由這三明,成為三明婆羅門;

‘‘Etāhi tīhi vijjāhi, tevijjo hoti brāhmaṇo;
已對照

我稱他為三明者,不[稱]那複述空談的別人。”

Tamahaṃ vadāmi tevijjaṃ, nāññaṃ lapitalāpana’’nti.
PTS 1.166已對照

“婆羅門,在聖者之律中就是這樣成為三明者的。”“喬達摩尊師,婆羅門的三吠陀者是一種,而在聖者之律中的三明者是另一種。喬達摩尊師,婆羅門的三吠陀者,不值這聖者之律中三明者的十六分之一。”

‘‘Evaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hotī’’ti. ‘‘Aññathā, bho gotama, brāhmaṇānaṃ tevijjo, aññathā ca pana ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hoti. Imassa ca pana, bho gotama, ariyassa vinaye tevijjassa brāhmaṇānaṃ tevijjo kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasiṃ’’.
已對照

“奇哉!喬達摩尊師……乃至……願喬達摩尊師憶持我為優婆塞,從今日起,終生皈依。”第八[經]。

‘‘Abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
已對照

九、生聞經

9. Jāṇussoṇisuttaṃ
60已對照

六十、那時,生聞(Jāṇussoṇi)婆羅門來到世尊之處;到了之後,與世尊……乃至……坐在一旁的生聞婆羅門對世尊這樣說——“喬達摩尊師,凡人有祭品、或亡者食、或鍋飯祭、或施物,應把布施施與三吠陀婆羅門。”“婆羅門,那麼婆羅門們依何[理由]、如何施設三吠陀者呢?”“喬達摩尊師,在此,婆羅門於母方與父方兩方面都是善生,受胎清淨,直至第七代祖父,就出身論不受擯斥、不受譏毀;[他是]讀誦者、持聖典者,通達三吠陀,及其語彙、儀軌、音韻與語源分析,以及作為第五的古傳說;通曉語句、精通文法,於順世論及大丈夫相圓滿無缺。喬達摩尊師,婆羅門們就是這樣施設三吠陀者的。”

60. Atha kho jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yassassu, bho gotama, yañño vā saddhaṃ vā thālipāko vā deyyadhammaṃ vā, tevijjesu brāhmaṇesu dānaṃ dadeyyā’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana, brāhmaṇa, brāhmaṇā tevijjaṃ paññapentī’’ti? ‘‘Idha kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇo ubhato sujāto hoti mātito ca pitito ca saṃsuddhagahaṇiko yāva sattamā pitāmahayugā akkhitto anupakkuṭṭho jātivādena, ajjhāyako mantadharo, tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāragū sanighaṇḍukeṭubhānaṃ sākkharappabhedānaṃ itihāsapañcamānaṃ, padako, veyyākaraṇo, lokāyatamahāpurisalakkhaṇesu anavayoti. Evaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā tevijjaṃ paññapentī’’ti.
緬 1.167已對照

“婆羅門,婆羅門們以一種方式施設三吠陀婆羅門,而在聖者之律中,則以另一種方式成為三明者。”“喬達摩尊師,那麼在聖者之律中,依何[理由]、如何成為三明者呢?善哉!願喬達摩尊師為我宣說在聖者之律中如何成為三明者的法。”“那麼,婆羅門,你要諦聽,好好作意,我要說了。”“是的,尊師。”生聞婆羅門應諾了世尊。世尊這樣說——

‘‘Aññathā kho, brāhmaṇa, brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ tevijjaṃ paññapenti, aññathā ca pana ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hotī’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana, bho gotama, ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hoti? Sādhu me bhavaṃ gotamo tathā dhammaṃ desetu yathā ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hotī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, brāhmaṇa, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bho’’ti kho jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca –
已對照

“婆羅門,而在此,比丘已離諸欲……乃至……成就並住於第四禪。

‘‘Idha pana, brāhmaṇa, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
PTS 1.167已對照

“當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於宿住隨念智。他回憶起許多種宿住,即:一生、二生……乃至……如此,他回憶起具有行相、具有細節的許多種宿住。這便是他所證得的第一明;無明被摧破,明生起了;黑暗被摧破,光明生起了——正如對於不放逸、精勤、自我策勵而住者[所應有的]那樣。

‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Ayamassa paṭhamā vijjā adhigatā hoti; avijjā vihatā, vijjā uppannā; tamo vihato, āloko uppanno yathā taṃ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.
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“當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於眾生死生智。他以清淨、超人的天眼……乃至……了知眾生隨業而去。這便是他所證得的第二明;無明被摧破,明生起了;黑暗被摧破,光明生起了——正如對於不放逸、精勤、自我策勵而住者[所應有的]那樣。

‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. Ayamassa dutiyā vijjā adhigatā hoti; avijjā vihatā, vijjā uppannā; tamo vihato, āloko uppanno yathā taṃ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.
緬 1.168已對照

“當他的心如此得定、清淨、皎潔、無穢、離隨煩惱、柔軟、適於作業、住立、達到不動時,他引導心、使心轉向於漏盡智。他如實了知‘此是苦’……乃至……如實了知‘此是導至苦滅之道’;如實了知‘此是諸漏’……乃至……如實了知‘此是導至漏滅之道’。當他如此知、如此見時,心從欲漏解脫,心從有漏解脫,心從無明漏解脫;於解脫時,有‘已解脫’之智。他了知:‘生已盡,梵行已立,應作已作,再無後有。’這便是他所證得的第三明;無明被摧破,明生起了;黑暗被摧破,光明生起了——正如對於不放逸、精勤、自我策勵而住者[所應有的]那樣。”

‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; ‘ime āsavā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati; vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. Ayamassa tatiyā vijjā adhigatā hoti; avijjā vihatā, vijjā uppannā; tamo vihato, āloko uppanno yathā taṃ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato’’ti.
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“凡具足戒與禁行、自我策勵、得定者,

‘‘Yo sīlabbatasampanno, pahitatto samāhito;
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誰的心已得自在、專一、善得定,

Cittaṃ yassa vasībhūtaṃ, ekaggaṃ susamāhitaṃ.
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“誰知宿住,並見天界與苦界,

[dha. pa. 423; itivu. 99] ‘‘Pubbenivāsaṃ yo vedī, saggāpāyañca passati;
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又已達生之滅盡,是以證智完成的牟尼。

Atho jātikkhayaṃ patto, abhiññāvosito muni.
PTS 1.168已對照

“由這三明,成為三明婆羅門;

‘‘Etāhi tīhi vijjāhi, tevijjo hoti brāhmaṇo;
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我稱他為三明者,不[稱]那複述空談的別人。”

Tamahaṃ vadāmi tevijjaṃ, nāññaṃ lapitalāpana’’nti.
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“婆羅門,在聖者之律中就是這樣成為三明者的。”“喬達摩尊師,婆羅門的三吠陀者是一種,而在聖者之律中的三明者是另一種。喬達摩尊師,婆羅門的三吠陀者,不值這聖者之律中三明者的十六分之一。”

‘‘Evaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hotī’’ti. ‘‘Aññathā, bho gotama, brāhmaṇānaṃ tevijjo, aññathā ca pana ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hoti. Imassa ca, bho gotama, ariyassa vinaye tevijjassa brāhmaṇānaṃ tevijjo kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasiṃ’’.
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“奇哉!喬達摩尊師……乃至……願喬達摩尊師憶持我為優婆塞,從今日起,終生皈依。”第九[經]。

‘‘Abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Navamaṃ.
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十、僧迦羅婆經

10. Saṅgāravasuttaṃ
61已對照

六十一、那時,僧迦羅婆婆羅門(Saṅgārava)來到世尊之處;到了之後,與世尊互相問候。互相問候、交談了一番愉快而值得憶念的話之後,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的僧迦羅婆婆羅門對世尊這樣說——“喬達摩尊師,我們是所謂的婆羅門。我們既自己祭祀,也令[他人]祭祀。喬達摩尊師,此中,凡是祭祀者與令[他人]祭祀者,他們全都是行於多身的福德行道,即以祭祀為緣由的[福德行道]。喬達摩尊師,而凡是從無論哪個家族、從在家出家而成為無家者,只調伏一個自己,只寂靜一個自己,只使一個自己般涅槃,即使如此,此人也[只]是行於一身的福德行道,即以出家為緣由的[福德行道]。”

61. Atha kho saṅgāravo brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho saṅgāravo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mayamassu, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā nāma. Yaññaṃ yajāmapi yajāpemapi. Tatra, bho gotama, yo ceva yajati [yo ceva yaññaṃ yajati (syā. kaṃ.)] yo ca yajāpeti sabbe te anekasārīrikaṃ puññappaṭipadaṃ paṭipannā honti, yadidaṃ yaññādhikaraṇaṃ. Yo panāyaṃ, bho gotama, yassa vā tassa vā kulā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito ekamattānaṃ dameti, ekamattānaṃ sameti, ekamattānaṃ parinibbāpeti, evamassāyaṃ ekasārīrikaṃ puññappaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti, yadidaṃ pabbajjādhikaraṇa’’nti.
PTS 1.169緬 1.169已對照

“那麼,婆羅門,我就此反問你,你認為怎樣合適,就怎樣回答。婆羅門,你認為怎樣?在此,如來出現於世間,是阿羅漢、正等正覺者、明行具足、善逝、世間解、無上者、調御丈夫、天人導師、佛陀、世尊。他這樣說——‘來吧,這是道,這是行道,我如此行道,自己證知、現證無上的梵行之立足處後宣說[它];來吧,你們也這樣行道,如此行道,你們也將自己證知、現證無上的梵行之立足處,成就並住於[其中]。’如是,這位導師說法,他人也為了那[目標]而行道,而那些[人]有好幾百、好幾千、好幾十萬。

‘‘Tena hi, brāhmaṇa, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi. Yathā te khameyya tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, brāhmaṇa, idha tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā. So evamāha – ‘ethāyaṃ maggo ayaṃ paṭipadā yathāpaṭipanno ahaṃ anuttaraṃ brahmacariyogadhaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedemi; etha [etaṃ (ka.)], tumhepi tathā paṭipajjatha, yathāpaṭipannā tumhepi anuttaraṃ brahmacariyogadhaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathā’ti. Iti ayañceva [sayaṃ ceva (ka.)] satthā dhammaṃ deseti, pare ca tathatthāya paṭipajjanti, tāni kho pana honti anekānipi satāni anekānipi sahassāni anekānipi satasahassāni.
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“婆羅門,你認為怎樣?既然如此,這以出家為緣由的福德行道,是一身的,還是多身的呢?”“喬達摩尊師,既然如此,這以出家為緣由的福德行道也是多身的。”

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, brāhmaṇa, iccāyaṃ evaṃ sante ekasārīrikā vā puññappaṭipadā hoti anekasārīrikā vā, yadidaṃ pabbajjādhikaraṇa’’nti? ‘‘Iccāyampi [iccāyante (ka.)], bho gotama, evaṃ sante anekasārīrikā puññappaṭipadā hoti, yadidaṃ pabbajjādhikaraṇa’’nti.
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這樣說時,具壽阿難對僧迦羅婆婆羅門這樣說——“婆羅門,這兩種行道之中,你認可哪一種行道是更少繁難、更少勞擾,而果報更大、功德更大的呢?”這樣說時,僧迦羅婆婆羅門對具壽阿難這樣說——“就像喬達摩尊師與阿難尊師[這樣的人],他們是我所尊敬的,他們是我所稱讚的。”

Evaṃ vutte āyasmā ānando saṅgāravaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘imāsaṃ te, brāhmaṇa, dvinnaṃ paṭipadānaṃ katamā paṭipadā khamati appatthatarā ca appasamārambhatarā ca mahapphalatarā ca mahānisaṃsatarā cā’’ti? Evaṃ vutte saṅgāravo brāhmaṇo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘seyyathāpi bhavaṃ gotamo bhavaṃ cānando. Ete me pujjā, ete me pāsaṃsā’’ti.
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第二次,具壽阿難對僧迦羅婆婆羅門這樣說——“婆羅門,我不是這樣問你:‘誰是你所尊敬的?誰是你所稱讚的?’婆羅門,我是這樣問你:‘婆羅門,這兩種行道之中,你認可哪一種行道是更少繁難、更少勞擾,而果報更大、功德更大的呢?’”第二次,僧迦羅婆婆羅門對具壽阿難這樣說——“就像喬達摩尊師與阿難尊師[這樣的人],他們是我所尊敬的,他們是我所稱讚的。”

Dutiyampi kho āyasmā ānando saṅgāravaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na kho tyāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, evaṃ pucchāmi – ‘ke vā te pujjā ke vā te pāsaṃsā’ti? Evaṃ kho tyāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, pucchāmi – ‘imāsaṃ te, brāhmaṇa, dvinnaṃ paṭipadānaṃ katamā paṭipadā khamati appatthatarā ca appasamārambhatarā ca mahapphalatarā ca mahānisaṃsatarā cā’’’ti? Dutiyampi kho saṅgāravo brāhmaṇo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘seyyathāpi bhavaṃ gotamo bhavaṃ cānando. Ete me pujjā, ete me pāsaṃsā’’ti.
緬 1.170已對照

第三次,具壽阿難對僧迦羅婆婆羅門這樣說——“婆羅門,我不是這樣問你:‘誰是你所尊敬的?誰是你所稱讚的?’婆羅門,我是這樣問你:‘婆羅門,這兩種行道之中,你認可哪一種行道是更少繁難、更少勞擾,而果報更大、功德更大的呢?’”第三次,僧迦羅婆婆羅門對具壽阿難這樣說——“就像喬達摩尊師與阿難尊師[這樣的人],他們是我所尊敬的,他們是我所稱讚的。”

Tatiyampi kho āyasmā ānando saṅgāravaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na kho tyāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, evaṃ pucchāmi – ‘ke vā te pujjā ke vā te pāsaṃsā’ti? Evaṃ kho tyāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, pucchāmi – ‘imāsaṃ te, brāhmaṇa, dvinnaṃ paṭipadānaṃ katamā paṭipadā khamati appatthatarā ca appasamārambhatarā ca mahapphalatarā ca mahānisaṃsatarā cā’’’ti? Tatiyampi kho saṅgāravo brāhmaṇo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘seyyathāpi bhavaṃ gotamo bhavaṃ cānando. Ete me pujjā, ete me pāsaṃsā’’ti.
PTS 1.170已對照

那時,世尊這樣想:“僧迦羅婆婆羅門被阿難問了如法的問題,直到第三次,[仍]使[問題]窘沉而不解答。我何不來解救[他們]呢?”於是世尊對僧迦羅婆婆羅門這樣說——“婆羅門,今天在王的內宮中,王臣們集坐、聚集時,生起了什麼談論呢?”“喬達摩尊師,今天在王的內宮中,王臣們集坐、聚集時,生起了這樣的談論——‘從前比丘較少,而顯示屬於上人法的神變示導的較多;如今比丘較多,而顯示屬於上人法的神變示導的較少。’喬達摩尊師,今天在王的內宮中,王臣們集坐、聚集時,生起的就是這一談論。”

Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi – ‘‘yāva tatiyampi kho saṅgāravo brāhmaṇo ānandena sahadhammikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho saṃsādeti [ma. ni. 1.337] no vissajjeti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ parimoceyya’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā saṅgāravaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kā nvajja, brāhmaṇa, rājantepure rājapurisānaṃ [rājaparisāyaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ antarākathā udapādī’’ti? ‘‘Ayaṃ khvajja, bho gotama, rājantepure rājapurisānaṃ sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ antarākathā udapādi – ‘pubbe sudaṃ appatarā ceva bhikkhū ahesuṃ bahutarā ca uttari manussadhammā iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ dassesuṃ; etarahi pana bahutarā ceva bhikkhū appatarā ca uttari manussadhammā iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ dassentī’ti. Ayaṃ khvajja, bho gotama, rājantepure rājapurisānaṃ sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ antarākathā udapādī’’ti.
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“婆羅門,有這三種示導。哪三種[示導]呢?神變示導、記說示導、教誡示導。婆羅門,什麼是神變示導呢?婆羅門,在此,有人體驗多種神變——‘一身變成多身,多身合成一身;或顯現,或隱沒;穿越牆壁、垣牆、山嶽,無所障礙,猶如在虛空中;出沒於大地之中,猶如在水中;在水上行走而不沉沒,猶如在地上;在虛空中結跏趺坐而行,猶如有翼之鳥;甚至以手觸摸、撫摸這有如此大神力、如此大威德的日月;以身自在通行,直到梵天界。’婆羅門,這稱為神變示導。

[paṭi. ma. 3.30; dī. ni. 1.483] ‘‘Tīṇi kho imāni, brāhmaṇa, pāṭihāriyāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ, ādesanāpāṭihāriyaṃ, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ. Katamañca, brāhmaṇa, iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ? Idha, brāhmaṇa, ekacco anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti – ‘ekopi hutvā bahudhā hoti, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hoti; āvibhāvaṃ, tirobhāvaṃ; tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamāno gacchati, seyyathāpi ākāse; pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karoti, seyyathāpi udake; udakepi abhijjamāne gacchati, seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ; ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamati, seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo; imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve pāṇinā parimasati [parāmasati (dī. ni. 1.484; paṭi. ma. 1.102] parimajjati, yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti’. Idaṃ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ.
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“婆羅門,什麼是記說示導呢?婆羅門,在此,有人依相而記說——‘你的意是這樣的,你的意是那樣的,你的心也是如此的。’他即使記說很多,也正是那樣,不會有別樣。

‘‘Katamañca, brāhmaṇa, ādesanāpāṭihāriyaṃ? Idha, brāhmaṇa, ekacco nimittena ādisati – ‘evampi te mano, itthampi te mano, itipi te citta’nti. So bahuṃ cepi ādisati tatheva taṃ hoti, no aññathā.
PTS 1.171緬 1.171已對照

“婆羅門,又在此,有人並不依相而記說,而是聽聞人、非人或諸天的聲音之後而記說——‘你的意是這樣的,你的意是那樣的,你的心也是如此的。’他即使記說很多,也正是那樣,不會有別樣。

‘‘Idha pana, brāhmaṇa, ekacco na heva kho nimittena ādisati, api ca kho manussānaṃ vā amanussānaṃ vā devatānaṃ vā saddaṃ sutvā ādisati – ‘evampi te mano, itthampi te mano, itipi te citta’nti. So bahuṃ cepi ādisati tatheva taṃ hoti, no aññathā.
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“婆羅門,又在此,有人既不依相而記說,也不是聽聞人、非人或諸天的聲音之後而記說,而是聽聞正在尋、正在伺者的尋之擴散聲之後而記說——‘你的意是這樣的,你的意是那樣的,你的心也是如此的。’他即使記說很多,也正是那樣,不會有別樣。

‘‘Idha pana, brāhmaṇa, ekacco na heva kho nimittena ādisati napi manussānaṃ vā amanussānaṃ vā devatānaṃ vā saddaṃ sutvā ādisati, api ca kho vitakkayato vicārayato vitakkavipphārasaddaṃ sutvā ādisati – ‘evampi te mano, itthampi te mano, itipi te citta’nti. So bahuṃ cepi ādisati tatheva taṃ hoti, no aññathā.
已對照

“婆羅門,又在此,有人既不依相而記說,也不是聽聞人、非人或諸天的聲音之後而記說,也不是聽聞正在尋、正在伺者的尋之擴散聲之後而記說,而是以心遍知已入無尋無伺之定者的心而了知——‘依這位尊者的諸意行如此安立[的樣子看],此心之無間[他]將尋思名為某某的尋。’他即使記說很多,也正是那樣,不會有別樣。婆羅門,這稱為記說示導。

‘‘Idha pana, brāhmaṇa, ekacco na heva kho nimittena ādisati, napi manussānaṃ vā amanussānaṃ vā devatānaṃ vā saddaṃ sutvā ādisati, napi vitakkayato vicārayato vitakkavipphārasaddaṃ sutvā ādisati, api ca kho avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhiṃ samāpannassa cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti – ‘yathā imassa bhoto manosaṅkhārā paṇihitā imassa cittassa anantarā amuṃ nāma vitakkaṃ vitakkessatī’ti. So bahuṃ cepi ādisati tatheva taṃ hoti, no aññathā. Idaṃ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, ādesanāpāṭihāriyaṃ.
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“婆羅門,什麼是教誡示導呢?婆羅門,在此,有人這樣教誡——‘應這樣尋思,不要那樣尋思;應這樣作意,不要那樣作意;應舍斷這個,應成就並住於這個。’婆羅門,這稱為教誡示導。婆羅門,這就是三種示導。婆羅門,這三種示導之中,你認可哪一種示導是更超越、更勝妙的呢?”

‘‘Katamañca, brāhmaṇa, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ? Idha, brāhmaṇa, ekacco evamanusāsati – ‘evaṃ vitakketha, mā evaṃ vitakkayittha; evaṃ manasi karotha, mā evaṃ manasākattha; idaṃ pajahatha, idaṃ upasampajja viharathā’ti. Idaṃ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ. Imāni kho, brāhmaṇa, tīṇi pāṭihāriyāni. Imesaṃ te, brāhmaṇa, tiṇṇaṃ pāṭihāriyānaṃ katamaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ khamati abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañcā’’ti?
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“喬達摩尊師,此中,這一示導——在此,有人體驗多種神變……乃至……以身自在通行,直到梵天界——喬達摩尊師,這一示導,誰作它,唯他感受它;誰作它,它唯屬於他。喬達摩尊師,這一示導在我看來好像是與幻術同類的。

‘‘Tatra, bho gotama, yadidaṃ [yamidaṃ (syā. kaṃ. pī.)] pāṭihāriyaṃ idhekacco anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti…pe… yāva brāhmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti, idaṃ, bho gotama, pāṭihāriyaṃ yova [yo ca (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.)] naṃ karoti sova [soca ca (syā. kaṃ pī. ka.)] naṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, yova [yo ca (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.)] naṃ karoti tasseva [tassameva (sī. ka.), tassa ceva (syā. kaṃ. pī.)] taṃ hoti. Idaṃ me, bho gotama, pāṭihāriyaṃ māyāsahadhammarūpaṃ viya khāyati.
PTS 1.172緬 1.172已對照

“喬達摩尊師,還有這一示導——在此,有人依相而記說——‘你的意是這樣的,你的意是那樣的,你的心也是如此的。’他即使記說很多,也正是那樣,不會有別樣。喬達摩尊師,又在此,有人並不依相而記說,而是聽聞人、非人或諸天的聲音之後而記說……乃至……也不是聽聞人、非人或諸天的聲音之後而記說,而是聽聞正在尋、正在伺者的尋之擴散聲之後而記說……乃至……也不是聽聞正在尋、正在伺者的尋之擴散聲之後而記說,而是以心遍知已入無尋無伺之定者的心而了知——‘依這位尊者的諸意行如此安立[的樣子看],此心之無間[他]將尋思名為某某的尋。’他即使記說很多,也正是那樣,不會有別樣。喬達摩尊師,這一示導也是誰作它,唯他感受它;誰作它,它唯屬於他。喬達摩尊師,這一示導在我看來也好像是與幻術同類的。

‘‘Yampidaṃ, bho gotama, pāṭihāriyaṃ idhekacco nimittena ādisati – ‘evampi te mano, itthampi te mano, itipi te citta’nti, so bahuṃ cepi ādisati tatheva taṃ hoti, no aññathā. Idha pana, bho gotama, ekacco na heva kho nimittena ādisati, api ca kho manussānaṃ vā amanussānaṃ vā devatānaṃ vā saddaṃ sutvā ādisati…pe… napi manussānaṃ vā amanussānaṃ vā devatānaṃ vā saddaṃ sutvā ādisati, api ca kho vitakkayato vicārayato vitakkavipphārasaddaṃ sutvā ādisati…pe… napi vitakkayato vicārayato vitakkavipphārasaddaṃ sutvā ādisati, api ca kho avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhiṃ samāpannassa cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti – ‘yathā imassa bhoto manosaṅkhārā paṇihitā imassa cittassa anantarā amhaṃ nāma vitakkaṃ vitakkessatī’ti, so bahuṃ cepi ādisati tatheva taṃ hoti, no aññathā. Idampi, bho gotama, pāṭihāriyaṃ yova naṃ karoti sova naṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, yova naṃ karoti tasseva taṃ hoti. Idampi me, bho gotama, pāṭihāriyaṃ māyāsahadhammarūpaṃ viya khāyati.
已對照

“喬達摩尊師,而這一示導——在此,有人這樣教誡——‘應這樣尋思,不要那樣尋思;應這樣作意,不要那樣作意;應舍斷這個,應成就並住於這個。’喬達摩尊師,這三種示導之中,我認可唯這一示導是更超越、更勝妙的。

‘‘Yañca kho idaṃ, bho gotama, pāṭihāriyaṃ idhekacco evaṃ anusāsati – ‘evaṃ vitakketha, mā evaṃ vitakkayittha; evaṃ manasi karotha, mā evaṃ manasākattha; idaṃ pajahatha, idaṃ upasampajja viharathā’ti. Idameva, bho gotama, pāṭihāriyaṃ khamati imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ pāṭihāriyānaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
已對照

“稀有啊,喬達摩尊師!未曾有啊,喬達摩尊師!喬達摩尊師所說的這[話]是何等善說!而我們憶持喬達摩尊師為具足這三種示導者。因為喬達摩尊師體驗多種神變……乃至……以身自在通行,直到梵天界;因為喬達摩尊師以心遍知已入無尋無伺之定者的心而了知——‘依這位尊者的諸意行如此安立[的樣子看],此心之無間[他]將尋思名為某某的尋。’因為喬達摩尊師這樣教誡——‘應這樣尋思,不要那樣尋思;應這樣作意,不要那樣作意;應舍斷這個,應成就並住於這個。’”

‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bho gotama, abbhutaṃ, bho gotama! Yāvasubhāsitamidaṃ bhotā gotamena imehi ca mayaṃ tīhi pāṭihāriyehi samannāgataṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ dhārema. Bhavañhi gotamo anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti…pe… yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti, bhavañhi gotamo avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhiṃ samāpannassa cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti – ‘yathā imassa bhoto manosaṅkhārā paṇihitā imassa cittassa anantarā amuṃ nāma vitakkaṃ vitakkessatī’ti. Bhavañhi gotamo evamanusāsati – ‘evaṃ vitakketha, mā evaṃ vitakkayittha; evaṃ manasi karotha, mā evaṃ manasākattha; idaṃ pajahatha, idaṃ upasampajja viharathā’’’ti.
緬 1.173已對照

“婆羅門,你這話確實是觸[我之德]而引近[我]才說出的;不過我還是要為你解答。婆羅門,我確實體驗多種神變……乃至……以身自在通行,直到梵天界。婆羅門,我確實以心遍知已入無尋無伺之定者的心而了知——‘依這位尊者的諸意行如此安立[的樣子看],此心之無間[他]將尋思名為某某的尋。’婆羅門,我確實這樣教誡——‘應這樣尋思,不要那樣尋思;應這樣作意,不要那樣作意;應舍斷這個,應成就並住於這個。’”

‘‘Addhā kho tyāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, āsajja upanīya vācā bhāsitā; api ca tyāhaṃ byākarissāmi. Ahañhi, brāhmaṇa, anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhomi…pe… yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattemi. Ahañhi, brāhmaṇa, avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhiṃ samāpannassa cetasā ceto paricca pajānāmi – ‘yathā imassa bhoto manosaṅkhārā paṇihitā, imassa cittassa anantarā amuṃ nāma vitakkaṃ vitakkessatī’ti. Ahañhi, brāhmaṇa, evamanusāsāmi – ‘evaṃ vitakketha, mā evaṃ vitakkayittha; evaṃ manasi karotha, mā evaṃ manasākattha; idaṃ pajahatha, idaṃ upasampajja viharathā’’’ti.
PTS 1.173已對照

“喬達摩尊師,除了喬達摩尊師之外,還有哪怕另外一位比丘具足這三種示導嗎?”“婆羅門,具足這三種示導的比丘,不只一百,不只兩百,不只三百,不只四百,不只五百,而是更多。”“喬達摩尊師,那麼現在那些比丘住在哪裡呢?”“婆羅門,就在這比丘僧團中。”

‘‘Atthi pana, bho gotama, añño ekabhikkhupi yo imehi tīhi pāṭihāriyehi samannāgato, aññatra bhotā gotamenā’’ti? ‘‘Na kho, brāhmaṇa, ekaṃyeva sataṃ na dve satāni na tīṇi satāni na cattāri satāni na pañca satāni, atha kho bhiyyova, ye [te (ka.) passa ma. ni. 2.195] bhikkhū imehi tīhi pāṭihāriyehi samannāgatā’’ti. ‘‘Kahaṃ pana, bho gotama, etarahi te bhikkhū viharantī’’ti? ‘‘Imasmiṃyeva kho, brāhmaṇa, bhikkhusaṅghe’’ti.
已對照

“奇哉!喬達摩尊師,奇哉!喬達摩尊師。喬達摩尊師,猶如把倒覆的扶起,把遮蔽的揭開,為迷路者指示道路,在黑暗中持來油燈,使有眼者得見諸色。正是如此,喬達摩尊師以種種方式開顯了法。我皈依喬達摩尊師、法與比丘僧團。願喬達摩尊師憶持我為優婆塞,從今日起,終生皈依。”第十[經]。

‘‘Abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama! Seyyathāpi bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti, evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Dasamaṃ.
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婆羅門品第一。

Brāhmaṇavaggo paṭhamo.
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其攝頌——

二婆羅門與某[婆羅門],遊方者與寂滅;

壞滅、婆蹉、帝甘那,生聞與僧迦羅婆。

Tassuddānaṃ –
Dve brāhmaṇā caññataro, paribbājakena nibbutaṃ;
Palokavaccho tikaṇṇo, soṇi saṅgāravena cāti.