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人施設論·三法人施設 Tikapuggalapaññatti

本經目錄三法的解說。

91已對照

三、三法人施設

九十一、哪種人是無渴望者呢?此處有一種人,是破戒者、有惡法者、不淨、行為可疑、行事隱秘、非沙門而自稱沙門、非梵行者而自稱梵行者、內部腐敗、漏洩、成為汙穢者。他聽到:“據說名叫某某的比丘由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住。”他不會這樣想:“什麼時候我也將由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住呢?”這種人稱為“無渴望者”。

91Katamo ca puggalo nirāso? Idhekacco puggalo dussīlo hoti pāpadhammo asuci saṅkassarasamācāro paṭicchannakammanto assamaṇo samaṇapaṭiñño abrahmacārī brahmacāripaṭiñño antopūti avassuto kasambujāto. So suṇāti – ‘‘itthannāmo kira bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’’ti. Tassa na evaṃ hoti – ‘‘kudāssu nāmāhampi āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissāmī’’ti. Ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘nirāso’’.
92已對照

九十二、哪種人是懷渴望者呢?此處有一種人,是持戒者、有善法者。他聽到:“據說名叫某某的比丘由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住。”他會這樣想:“什麼時候我也將由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住呢?”這種人稱為“懷渴望者”。

92Katamo ca puggalo āsaṃso? Idhekacco puggalo sīlavā hoti kalyāṇadhammo. So suṇāti – ‘‘itthannāmo kira bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’’ti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘‘kudāssu nāmāhampi āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissāmī’’ti. Ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘āsaṃso’’.
93已對照

九十三、哪種人是離渴望者呢?此處有一種人,由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住。他聽到:“據說名叫某某的比丘由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住。”他不會這樣想:“什麼時候我也將由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住呢?”這是什麼緣故呢?因為他先前未解脫時的那解脫的渴望,已經止息了。這種人稱為“離渴望者”。

93Katamo ca puggalo vigatāso? Idhekacco puggalo āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. So suṇāti – ‘‘itthannāmo kira bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’’ti. Tassa na evaṃ hoti – ‘‘kudāssu nāmāhampi āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissāmī’’ti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Yā hissa pubbe avimuttassa vimuttāsā, sā paṭippassaddhā. Ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘vigatāso’’.
94已對照

九十四、此中哪三種人是如病人的人呢?有三種病人:此處有一種病人,無論得到適宜的食物還是得不到適宜的食物,無論得到適宜的藥還是得不到適宜的藥,無論得到合適的看護者還是得不到合適的看護者,都不能從那病惱中康復。(一)

又此處有一種病人,無論得到適宜的食物還是得不到適宜的食物,無論得到適宜的藥還是得不到適宜的藥,無論得到合適的看護者還是得不到合適的看護者,都能從那病惱中康復。(二)

又此處有一種病人,唯有得到適宜的食物而非得不到,唯有得到適宜的藥而非得不到,唯有得到合適的看護者而非得不到,才能從那病惱中康復。(三)

此中,那位唯有得到適宜的食物而非得不到、唯有得到適宜的藥而非得不到、唯有得到合適的看護者而非得不到,才能從那病惱中康復的病人——正是緣於這位病人,病者食才被世尊允許,病者藥才被允許,看護病人者才被允許。而緣於這位病人,其他病人也應被看護。

同樣,世間有這三種如病人的人存在、可得。哪三種[人]呢?此處有一種人,無論得見如來還是不得見如來,無論得聞如來所宣說的法與律還是不得聞如來所宣說的法與律,都不能於諸善法中入於正性決定。(一)

又此處有一種人,無論得見如來還是不得見如來,無論得聞如來所宣說的法與律還是不得聞如來所宣說的法與律,都能於諸善法中入於正性決定。(二)

又此處有一種人,唯有得見如來而非不得見,唯有得聞如來所宣說的法與律而非不得聞,才能於諸善法中入於正性決定。(三)

此中,那位唯有得見如來而非不得見、唯有得聞如來所宣說的法與律而非不得聞,才能於諸善法中入於正性決定的人——正是緣於這種人,說法才被世尊允許。而緣於這種人,也應當為其他人說法。這就是世間存在、可得的三種如病人的人。

94Tattha katame tayo gilānūpamā puggalā? Tayo gilānā – idhekacco gilāno labhanto vā sappāyāni bhojanāni alabhanto vā sappāyāni bhojanāni, labhanto vā sappāyāni bhesajjāni alabhanto vā sappāyāni bhesajjāni, labhanto vā patirūpaṃ upaṭṭhākaṃ alabhanto vā patirūpaṃ upaṭṭhākaṃ, neva vuṭṭhāti tamhā ābādhā. (1) Idha panekacco gilāno labhanto vā sappāyāni bhojanāni alabhanto vā sappāyāni bhojanāni, labhanto vā sappāyāni bhesajjāni alabhanto vā sappāyāni bhesajjāni, labhanto vā patirūpaṃ upaṭṭhākaṃ alabhanto vā patirūpaṃ upaṭṭhākaṃ, vuṭṭhāti tamhā ābādhā. (2) Idha panekacco gilāno labhanto sappāyāni bhojanāni no alabhanto, labhanto sappāyāni bhesajjāni no alabhanto, labhanto patirūpaṃ upaṭṭhākaṃ no alabhanto, vuṭṭhāti tamhā ābādhā. (3) Tatra yvāyaṃ gilāno labhanto sappāyāni bhojanāni no alabhanto, labhanto sappāyāni bhesajjāni no alabhanto, labhanto patirūpaṃ upaṭṭhākaṃ no alabhanto, vuṭṭhāti tamhā ābādhā, imaṃ gilānaṃ paṭicca bhagavatā gilānabhattaṃ anuññātaṃ gilānabhesajjaṃ anuññātaṃ gilānupaṭṭhāko anuññāto. Imañca pana gilānaṃ paṭicca aññepi gilānā upaṭṭhātabbā. Evamevaṃ [evameva (sī.)] tayo gilānūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame tayo? Idhekacco puggalo labhanto vā tathāgataṃ dassanāya alabhanto vā tathāgataṃ dassanāya, labhanto vā tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ savaṇāya alabhanto vā tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ savaṇāya, neva okkamati niyāmaṃ kusalesu dhammesu sammattaṃ. (1) Idha panekacco puggalo labhanto vā tathāgataṃ dassanāya alabhanto vā tathāgataṃ dassanāya, labhanto vā tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ savaṇāya alabhanto vā tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ savaṇāya, okkamati niyāmaṃ kusalesu dhammesu sammattaṃ. (2) Idha panekacco puggalo labhanto tathāgataṃ dassanāya no alabhanto, labhanto tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ savaṇāya no alabhanto, okkamati niyāmaṃ kusalesu dhammesu sammattaṃ. (3) Tatra yvāyaṃ puggalo labhanto tathāgataṃ dassanāya no alabhanto, labhanto tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ savaṇāya no alabhanto, okkamati niyāmaṃ kusalesu dhammesu sammattaṃ, imaṃ puggalaṃ paṭicca bhagavatā dhammadesanā anuññātā, imañca puggalaṃ paṭicca aññesampi dhammo desetabbo. Ime tayo gilānūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ.
95已對照

九十五、哪種人是身證者呢?此處有一種人,以身觸八解脫而住,並以慧見某些漏滅盡——這種人稱為“身證者”。

95Katamo ca puggalo kāyasakkhī? Idhekacco puggalo aṭṭha vimokkhe kāyena phusitvā viharati, paññāya cassa disvā ekacce āsavā parikkhīṇā honti – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘kāyasakkhī’’.
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九十六、哪種人是見至者呢?此處有一種人,如實了知“此是苦”,如實了知“此是苦集”,如實了知“此是苦滅”,如實了知“此是導至苦滅之道”,且如來所宣說的諸法已被他以慧善見、善察,並以慧見某些漏滅盡——這種人稱為“見至者”。

96Katamo ca puggalo diṭṭhippatto? Idhekacco puggalo ‘‘idaṃ dukkha’’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, tathāgatappaveditā cassa dhammā paññāya vodiṭṭhā honti vocaritā, paññāya cassa disvā ekacce āsavā parikkhīṇā honti – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘diṭṭhippatto’’.
97已對照

九十七、哪種人是信解脫者呢?此處有一種人,如實了知“此是苦”……乃至……且如來所宣說的諸法已被他以慧善見、善察,並以慧見某些漏滅盡,然而不如見至者那樣——這種人稱為“信解脫者”。

97Katamo ca puggalo saddhāvimutto? Idhekacco puggalo ‘‘idaṃ dukkha’’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… tathāgatappaveditā cassa dhammā paññāya vodiṭṭhā honti vocaritā, paññāya cassa disvā ekacce āsavā parikkhīṇā honti, no ca kho yathādiṭṭhippattassa – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘saddhāvimutto’’.
98已對照

九十八、哪種人是糞語者呢?此處有一種人,是虛妄語者:在會堂中、或在眾中、或在親族中間、或在行會中間、或在王家中間,被帶去而被問為證——“喂,人啊,你知道什麼就說什麼”,他不知卻說“我知”,知卻說“我不知”,不見卻說“我見”,見卻說“我不見”。如是,或為自己、或為他人、或為些許財利之故,他明知而說妄語——這種人稱為“糞語者”。

98Katamo ca puggalo gūthabhāṇī? Idhekacco puggalo musāvādī hoti sabhaggato vā parisaggato vā ñātimajjhagato vā pūgamajjhagato vā rājakulamajjhagato vā abhinīto sakkhipuṭṭho – ‘‘ehambho [ehi bho (syā. ka.) ma. ni. 1.440; a. ni. 3.28], purisa, yaṃ jānāsi taṃ vadehī’’ti, so ajānaṃ vā āha – ‘‘jānāmī’’ti, jānaṃ vā āha – ‘‘na jānāmī’’ti, apassaṃ vā āha – ‘‘passāmī’’ti, passaṃ vā āha – ‘‘na passāmī’’ti. Iti attahetu vā parahetu vā āmisakiñcikkhahetu vā sampajānamusā bhāsitā hoti – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘gūthabhāṇī’’.
99已對照

九十九、哪種人是花語者呢?此處有一種人,舍斷虛妄語,遠離虛妄語:在會堂中、或在眾中、或在親族中間、或在行會中間、或在王家中間,被帶去而被問為證——“喂,人啊,你知道什麼就說什麼”,他不知便說“我不知”,知便說“我知”,不見便說“我不見”,見便說“我見”。如是,他不為自己、不為他人、不為些許財利之故而明知說妄語——這種人稱為“花語者”。

99Katamo ca puggalo pupphabhāṇī? Idhekacco puggalo musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭivirato hoti sabhaggato vā parisaggato vā ñātimajjhagato vā pūgamajjhagato vā rājakulamajjhagato vā abhinīto sakkhipuṭṭho – ‘‘ehambho, purisa, yaṃ jānāsi taṃ vadehī’’ti, so ajānaṃ vā āha – ‘‘na jānāmī’’ti, jānaṃ vā āha – ‘‘jānāmī’’ti, apassaṃ vā āha – ‘‘na passāmī’’ti, passaṃ vā āha – ‘‘passāmī’’ti. Iti attahetu vā parahetu vā āmisakiñcikkhahetu vā na sampajānamusā bhāsitā hoti – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘pupphabhāṇī’’.
100已對照

一百、哪種人是蜜語者呢?此處有一種人,凡是無瑕、悅耳、可愛、沁入人心、文雅、為眾人所喜、為眾人所意的語言,他便是說這樣語言者——這種人稱為“蜜語者”。

100Katamo ca puggalo madhubhāṇī? Idhekacco puggalo yā sā vācā nelā kaṇṇasukhā pemaniyā hadayaṅgamā porī bahujanakantā bahujanamanāpā, tathārūpiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘madhubhāṇī’’.
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一百零一、哪種人是如瘡之心的人呢?此處有一種人,是忿怒者、多惱者,即使被說了少許,也會黏著、動怒、起瞋恚、僵執,顯露出怒、瞋與不悅。猶如惡瘡被木棒或瓦片碰觸,便更加流溢[膿汁];同樣,此處有一種人,是忿怒者、多惱者,即使被說了少許,也會黏著、動怒、起瞋恚、僵執,顯露出怒、瞋與不悅——這種人稱為“如瘡之心的人”。

101Katamo ca puggalo arukūpamacitto? Idhekacco puggalo kodhano hoti upāyāsabahulo, appampi vutto samāno abhisajjati kuppati byāpajjati patitthīyati [patiṭṭhīyati (syā. ka.) a. ni. 3.25], kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti. Seyyathāpi nāma duṭṭhāruko kaṭṭhena vā kaṭhalāya [kathalāya (ka.), kathalena (aṭṭhakathā) a. ni. 3.25] vā ghaṭṭito bhiyyoso mattāya āsavaṃ deti [assavanoti (sī.)], evamevaṃ idhekacco puggalo kodhano hoti upāyāsabahulo, appampi vutto samāno abhisajjati kuppati byāpajjati patitthīyati, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘arukūpamacitto’’.
102已對照

一百零二、哪種人是如電之心的人呢?此處有一種人,如實了知“此是苦”,如實了知“此是苦集”,如實了知“此是苦滅”,如實了知“此是導至苦滅之道”。猶如有眼之人在夜晚令人目盲的黑暗中,於電光的剎那間看見諸色;同樣,此處有一種人,如實了知“此是苦”,如實了知“此是苦集”,如實了知“此是苦滅”,如實了知“此是導至苦滅之道”——這種人稱為“如電之心的人”。

102Katamo ca puggalo vijjūpamacitto? Idhekacco puggalo ‘‘idaṃ dukkha’’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Seyyathāpi nāma cakkhumā puriso rattandhakāratimisāya vijjantarikāya rūpāni passeyya, evamevaṃ idhekacco puggalo ‘‘idaṃ dukkha’’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘vijjūpamacitto’’.
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一百零三、哪種人是如金剛之心的人呢?此處有一種人,由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住。猶如對金剛而言,沒有任何東西是不可破的,無論是摩尼還是石頭;同樣,此處有一種人,由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住——這種人稱為“如金剛之心的人”。

103Katamo ca puggalo vajirūpamacitto? Idhekacco puggalo āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Seyyathāpi nāma vajirassa natthi kiñci abhejjaṃ maṇi vā pāsāṇo vā, evamevaṃ idhekacco puggalo āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘vajirūpamacitto’’.
104已對照

一百零四、哪種人是盲者呢?此處有一種人,沒有這樣的眼——憑藉這樣的眼,能獲得未獲得的財物,或使已獲得的財物增長;他也沒有這樣的眼——憑藉這樣的眼,能知道善與不善法,能知道有罪與無罪法,能知道劣與勝法,能知道黑白相對法——這種人稱為“盲者”。

104Katamo ca puggalo andho? Idhekaccassa puggalassa tathārūpaṃ cakkhu na hoti yathārūpena cakkhunā anadhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ adhigaccheyya, adhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ phātiṃ kareyya; tathārūpampissa cakkhu na hoti yathārūpena cakkhunā kusalākusale dhamme jāneyya, sāvajjānavajje dhamme jāneyya, hīnappaṇīte dhamme jāneyya, kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāge dhamme jāneyya – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘andho’’.
105已對照

一百零五、哪種人是一眼者呢?此處有一種人,有這樣的眼——憑藉這樣的眼,能獲得未獲得的財物,或使已獲得的財物增長;但他沒有這樣的眼——憑藉這樣的眼,能知道善與不善法,能知道有罪與無罪法,能知道劣與勝法,能知道黑白相對法——這種人稱為“一眼者”。

105Katamo ca puggalo ekacakkhu? Idhekaccassa puggalassa tathārūpaṃ cakkhu hoti, yathārūpena cakkhunā anadhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ adhigaccheyya, adhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ phātiṃ kareyya; tathārūpampissa cakkhu na hoti yathārūpena cakkhunā kusalākusale dhamme jāneyya, sāvajjānavajje dhamme jāneyya, hīnappaṇīte dhamme jāneyya, kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāge dhamme jāneyya – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘ekacakkhu’’.
106已對照

一百零六、哪種人是二眼者呢?此處有一種人,有這樣的眼——憑藉這樣的眼,能獲得未獲得的財物,或使已獲得的財物增長;他也有這樣的眼——憑藉這樣的眼,能知道善與不善法,能知道有罪與無罪法,能知道劣與勝法,能知道黑白相對法——這種人稱為“二眼者”。

106Katamo ca puggalo dvicakkhu? Idhekaccassa puggalassa tathārūpaṃ cakkhu hoti yathārūpena cakkhunā anadhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ adhigaccheyya, adhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ phātiṃ kareyya; tathārūpampissa cakkhu hoti yathārūpena cakkhunā kusalākusale dhamme jāneyya, sāvajjānavajje dhamme jāneyya, hīnappaṇīte dhamme jāneyya, kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāge dhamme jāneyya – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘dvicakkhu’’.
107已對照

一百零七、哪種人是覆慧者呢?此處有一種人,常往園中,為在比丘們跟前聽法。比丘們為他教導初善、中善、後善的,具足義理與文句的法,顯示完全圓滿、遍淨的梵行。他坐在那座位上,對那說法既不作意其初,也不作意其中,也不作意其終;從那座位起身之後,對那說法也既不作意其初,也不作意其中,也不作意其終。猶如倒覆的瓶,注入其中的水流散而不停留;同樣,此處有一種人,常往園中,為在比丘們跟前聽法。比丘們為他教導初善、中善、後善的,具足義理與文句的法,顯示完全圓滿、遍淨的梵行。他坐在那座位上,對那說法既不作意其初,也不作意其中,也不作意其終;從那座位起身之後,對那說法也既不作意其初,也不作意其中,也不作意其終——這種人稱為“覆慧者”。

107Katamo ca puggalo avakujjapañño? Idhekacco puggalo ārāmaṃ gantā [gato (sī.), gantvā (syā.)] hoti abhikkhaṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike dhammassavaṇāya [dhammassavanāya (syā.)]. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṃ desenti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsenti. So tasmiṃ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya neva ādiṃ manasi karoti, na majjhaṃ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṃ manasi karoti. Vuṭṭhitopi tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya neva ādiṃ manasi karoti, na majjhaṃ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṃ manasi karoti. Seyyathāpi nāma kumbho nikkujjo [nikujjo (syā.) a. ni. 3.30] tatra udakaṃ āsittaṃ vivaṭṭati, no saṇṭhāti; evamevaṃ idhekacco puggalo ārāmaṃ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike dhammassavaṇāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṃ desenti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsenti. So tasmiṃ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya neva ādiṃ manasi karoti, na majjhaṃ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṃ manasi karoti. Vuṭṭhitopi tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya neva ādiṃ manasi karoti, na majjhaṃ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṃ manasi karoti – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘avakujjapañño’’.
108已對照

一百零八、哪種人是膝慧者呢?此處有一種人,常往園中,為在比丘們跟前聽法。比丘們為他教導初善、中善、後善的,具足義理與文句的法,顯示完全圓滿、遍淨的梵行。他坐在那座位上,對那說法既作意其初,也作意其中,也作意其終;然而從那座位起身之後,對那說法卻既不作意其初,也不作意其中,也不作意其終。猶如人的膝上撒放著種種嚼食——芝麻、米、甜團、棗子。他從那座位起身時,由於失念而撒落[它們]。同樣,此處有一種人,常往園中,為在比丘們跟前聽法。比丘們為他教導初善、中善、後善的,具足義理與文句的法,顯示完全圓滿、遍淨的梵行。他坐在那座位上,對那說法既作意其初,也作意其中,也作意其終;然而從那座位起身之後,對那說法卻既不作意其初,也不作意其中,也不作意其終——這種人稱為“膝慧者”。

108Katamo ca puggalo ucchaṅgapañño? Idhekacco puggalo ārāmaṃ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike dhammassavaṇāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṃ desenti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsenti. So tasmiṃ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti. Vuṭṭhito ca kho tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya neva ādiṃ manasi karoti, na majjhaṃ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṃ manasi karoti. Seyyathāpi nāma purisassa ucchaṅge nānākhajjakāni ākiṇṇāni – tilā taṇḍulā [tilataṇḍulā (ka.) a. ni. 3.30] modakā badarā. So tamhā āsanā vuṭṭhahanto satisammosā pakireyya. Evamevaṃ idhekacco puggalo ārāmaṃ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike dhammassavaṇāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṃ desenti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsenti. So tasmiṃ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti. Vuṭṭhito ca kho tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya neva ādimpi manasi karoti, na majjhampi manasi karoti, na pariyosānampi manasi karoti – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘ucchaṅgapañño’’.
109已對照

一百零九、哪種人是廣慧者呢?此處有一種人,常往園中,為在比丘們跟前聽法。比丘們為他教導初善、中善、後善的,具足義理與文句的法,顯示完全圓滿、遍淨的梵行。他坐在那座位上,對那說法既作意其初,也作意其中,也作意其終;從那座位起身之後,對那說法也既作意其初,也作意其中,也作意其終。猶如正放的瓶,注入其中的水停留而不流散;同樣,此處有一種人,常往園中,為在比丘們跟前聽法。比丘們為他教導初善、中善、後善的,具足義理與文句的法,顯示完全圓滿、遍淨的梵行。他坐在那座位上,對那說法既作意其初,也作意其中,也作意其終;從那座位起身之後,對那說法也既作意其初,也作意其中,也作意其終——這種人稱為“廣慧者”。

109Katamo ca puggalo puthupañño? Idhekacco puggalo ārāmaṃ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike dhammassavaṇāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṃ desenti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsenti. So tasmiṃ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti. Vuṭṭhitopi tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti. Seyyathāpi nāma kumbho ukkujjo tatra udakaṃ āsittaṃ saṇṭhāti, no vivaṭṭati; evamevaṃ idhekacco puggalo ārāmaṃ gantā honti abhikkhaṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike dhammassavaṇāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṃ desenti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsenti. So tasmiṃ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti. Vuṭṭhitopi tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘puthupañño’’.
110已對照

一百一十、哪種人是於諸欲與諸有都未離貪者呢?須陀洹、斯陀含——這些人稱為“於諸欲與諸有都未離貪者”。

110Katamo ca puggalo kāmesu ca bhavesu ca avītarāgo? Sotāpannasakadāgāmino – ime vuccanti puggalā ‘‘kāmesu ca bhavesu ca avītarāgā’’.
111已對照

一百一十一、哪種人是於諸欲已離貪、於諸有未離貪者呢?阿那含——這種人稱為“於諸欲已離貪、於諸有未離貪者”。

111Katamo ca puggalo kāmesu vītarāgo, bhavesu avītarāgo? Anāgāmī – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘kāmesu vītarāgo, bhavesu avītarāgo’’.
112已對照

一百一十二、哪種人是於諸欲與諸有都已離貪者呢?阿羅漢——這種人稱為“於諸欲與諸有都已離貪者”。

112Katamo ca puggalo kāmesu ca bhavesu ca vītarāgo? Arahā – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘kāmesu ca bhavesu ca vītarāgo’’.
113已對照

一百一十三、哪種人是如石上刻文的人呢?此處有一種人,經常發怒,而他的那忿長時、長久潛伏。猶如石上的刻文,不會很快被風或水所毀壞,是久住的;同樣,此處有一種人,經常發怒,而他的那忿長時、長久潛伏——這種人稱為“如石上刻文的人”。

113Katamo ca puggalo pāsāṇalekhūpamo? Idhekacco puggalo abhiṇhaṃ kujjhati. So ca khvassa kodho ciraṃ dīgharattaṃ anuseti. Seyyathāpi nāma pāsāṇe lekhā na khippaṃ lujjati vātena vā udakena vā, ciraṭṭhitikā hoti; evamevaṃ idhekacco puggalo abhiṇhaṃ kujjhati. So ca khvassa kodho ciraṃ dīgharattaṃ anuseti – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘pāsāṇalekhūpamo’’.
114已對照

一百一十四、哪種人是如地上刻文的人呢?此處有一種人,經常發怒,而他的那忿不長時、長久潛伏。猶如地上的刻文,很快就被風或水所毀壞,不是久住的;同樣,此處有一種人,經常發怒,而他的那忿不長時、長久潛伏——這種人稱為“如地上刻文的人”。

114Katamo ca puggalo pathavilekhūpamo? Idhekacco puggalo abhiṇhaṃ kujjhati. So ca khvassa kodho na ciraṃ dīgharattaṃ anuseti. Seyyathāpi nāma pathaviyā [paṭhaviyā (sī. syā.)] lekhā khippaṃ lujjati vātena vā udakena vā, na ciraṭṭhitikā hoti; evamevaṃ idhekacco puggalo abhiṇhaṃ kujjhati. So ca khvassa kodho na ciraṃ dīgharattaṃ anuseti – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘pathavilekhūpamo’’.
115已對照

一百一十五、哪種人是如水上刻文的人呢?此處有一種人,即使被以激烈[之語]相說、被以粗惡[之語]相說、被以不合意[之語]相說,也仍然相融、仍然相合、仍然和睦。猶如水上的刻文,很快就被毀壞,不是久住的;同樣,此處有一種人,即使被以激烈[之語]相說、被以粗惡[之語]相說、被以不合意[之語]相說,也仍然相融、仍然相合、仍然和睦——這種人稱為“如水上刻文的人”。

115Katamo ca puggalo udakalekhūpamo? Idhekacco puggalo āgāḷhenapi vuccamāno pharusenapi vuccamāno amanāpenapi vuccamāno saṃsandatimeva [… ceva (syā.) a. ni. 3.133] sandhiyatimeva [… ceva (syā.) a. ni. 3.133] sammodatimeva [… ceva (syā.) a. ni. 3.133]. Seyyathāpi nāma udake lekhā khippaṃ lujjati, na ciraṭṭhitikā hoti; evamevaṃ idhekacco puggalo āgāḷhenapi vuccamāno pharusenapi vuccamāno amanāpenapi vuccamāno saṃsandatimeva sandhiyatimeva sammodatimeva – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘udakalekhūpamo’’.
116已對照

一百一十六、此中哪三種人是如麻布的人呢?有三種麻布:麻布即使是新的,也是色澤醜陋的、觸感苦的、價值低廉的;麻布即使是中等[舊]的,也是色澤醜陋的、觸感苦的、價值低廉的;麻布即使是舊的,也是色澤醜陋的、觸感苦的、價值低廉的。舊麻布,人們或拿來作擦鍋[布],或把它丟棄在垃圾堆上。同樣,比丘之中有這三種如麻布的人存在、可得。哪三種[人]呢?若是新[學]比丘破戒、有惡法,這是他的色澤醜陋。猶如那麻布色澤醜陋,這個人與它相似。而那些親近、結交、侍奉他、隨他所見而效行的,那為他們長夜帶來不利與苦。這是他的觸感苦。猶如那麻布觸感苦,這個人與它相似。而他從那些人接受衣、缽食、坐臥處、病緣藥資具,那對他們沒有大果、沒有大功德。這是他的價值低廉。猶如那麻布價值低廉,這個人與它相似。

若是中[座]比丘……乃至……若是長老比丘破戒、有惡法,這是他的色澤醜陋。猶如那麻布色澤醜陋,這個人與它相似。而那些親近、結交、侍奉他、隨他所見而效行的,那為他們長夜帶來不利與苦。這是他的觸感苦。猶如那麻布觸感苦,這個人與它相似。而他從那些人接受衣、缽食、坐臥處、病緣藥資具,那對他們沒有大果、沒有大功德。這是他的價值低廉。猶如那麻布價值低廉,這個人與它相似。

若這樣的長老比丘在僧團中說話,比丘們對他這樣說:“你這愚人、不明達者說話有什麼用?你竟也認為[自己]應當說話!”他惱怒、不悅,說出那樣的話,僧團因那樣的話而舉罪他,猶如[把]那麻布[丟棄]在垃圾堆上。這就是比丘之中存在、可得的三種如麻布的人。

116Tattha katame tayo potthakūpamā puggalā? Tayo potthakā – navopi potthako dubbaṇṇo ceva hoti dukkhasamphasso ca appaggho ca, majjhimopi potthako dubbaṇṇo ceva hoti dukkhasamphasso ca appaggho ca, jiṇṇopi potthako dubbaṇṇo ceva hoti dukkhasamphasso ca appaggho ca. Jiṇṇampi potthakaṃ ukkhaliparimajjanaṃ vā karonti saṅkārakūṭe vā naṃ chaḍḍenti. Evamevaṃ tayome potthakūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā bhikkhūsu. Katame tayo? Navo cepi bhikkhu hoti dussīlo pāpadhammo, idamassa dubbaṇṇatāya. Seyyathāpi so potthako dubbaṇṇo, tathūpamo ayaṃ puggalo. Ye kho panassa sevanti bhajanti payirupāsanti diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjanti, tesaṃ taṃ hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya. Idamassa dukkhasamphassatāya. Seyyathāpi so potthako dukkhasamphasso, tathūpamo ayaṃ puggalo. Yesaṃ kho pana so paṭiggaṇhāti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ, tesaṃ taṃ na mahapphalaṃ hoti na mahānisaṃsaṃ. Idamassa appagghatāya. Seyyathāpi so potthako appaggho, tathūpamo ayaṃ puggalo. Majjhimo cepi bhikkhu hoti…pe… thero cepi bhikkhu hoti dussīlo pāpadhammo, idamassa dubbaṇṇatāya. Seyyathāpi so potthako dubbaṇṇo, tathūpamo ayaṃ puggalo. Ye kho panassa sevanti bhajanti payirupāsanti diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjanti, tesaṃ taṃ hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya. Idamassa dukkhasamphassatāya. Seyyathāpi so potthako dukkhasamphasso, tathūpamo ayaṃ puggalo. Yesaṃ kho pana so paṭiggaṇhāti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ, tesaṃ taṃ na mahapphalaṃ hoti na mahānisaṃsaṃ. Idamassa appagghatāya. Seyyathāpi so potthako appaggho, tathūpamo ayaṃ puggalo. Evarūpo ce thero bhikkhu saṅghamajjhe bhaṇati. Tamenaṃ bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho tuyhaṃ bālassa abyattassa bhaṇitena, tvampi nāma bhaṇitabbaṃ maññasī’’ti! So kupito anattamano tathārūpiṃ vācaṃ nicchāreti yathārūpāya vācāya saṅgho taṃ ukkhipati, saṅkārakūṭeva naṃ potthakaṃ. Ime tayo potthakūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā bhikkhūsu.
117已對照

一百一十七、此中哪三種人是如迦屍布的人呢?有三種迦屍布:迦屍布即使是新的,也是色澤美好的、觸感樂的、價值高昂的;迦屍布即使是中等[舊]的,也是色澤美好的、觸感樂的、價值高昂的;迦屍布即使是舊的,也是色澤美好的、觸感樂的、價值高昂的。舊迦屍布,人們或用來包裹寶物,或把它放入香匣中。

同樣,比丘之中有這三種如迦屍布的人存在、可得。哪三種[人]呢?若是新[學]比丘具戒、有善法,這是他的色澤美好。猶如那迦屍布色澤美好,這個人與它相似。而那些親近、結交、侍奉他、隨他所見而效行的,那為他們長夜帶來利益與安樂。這是他的觸感樂。猶如那迦屍布觸感樂,這個人與它相似。而他從那些人接受衣、缽食、坐臥處、病緣藥資具,那對他們有大果、大功德。這是他的價值高昂。猶如那迦屍布價值高昂,這個人與它相似。

若是中[座]比丘……乃至……若是長老比丘具戒、有善法,這是他的色澤美好。猶如那迦屍布色澤美好,這個人與它相似。而那些親近、結交、侍奉他、隨他所見而效行的,那為他們長夜帶來利益與安樂。這是他的觸感樂。猶如那迦屍布觸感樂,這個人與它相似。而他從那些人接受衣、缽食、坐臥處、病緣藥資具,那對他們有大果、大功德。這是他的價值高昂。猶如那迦屍布價值高昂,這個人與它相似。

若這樣的長老比丘在僧團中說話,比丘們對他這樣說:“具壽們,請寂靜,長老比丘在說法與律。”他的那話達到值得放置,猶如那迦屍布[被放]在香匣中。這就是比丘之中存在、可得的三種如迦屍布的人。

117Tattha katame tayo kāsikavatthūpamā puggalā? Tīṇi kāsikavatthāni – navampi kāsikavatthaṃ vaṇṇavantañceva hoti sukhasamphassañca mahagghañca, majjhimampi kāsikavatthaṃ vaṇṇavantañceva hoti sukhasamphassañca mahagghañca, jiṇṇampi kāsikavatthaṃ vaṇṇavantañceva hoti sukhasamphassañca mahagghañca. Jiṇṇampi kāsikavatthaṃ ratanapaliveṭhanaṃ vā karonti gandhakaraṇḍake vā naṃ nikkhipanti. Evamevaṃ tayome kāsikavatthūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā bhikkhūsu. Katame tayo? Navo cepi bhikkhu hoti sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo, idamassa suvaṇṇatāya. Seyyathāpi taṃ kāsikavatthaṃ vaṇṇavantaṃ, tathūpamo ayaṃ puggalo. Ye kho panassa sevanti bhajanti payirupāsanti diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjanti, tesaṃ taṃ hoti dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya. Idamassa sukhasamphassatāya. Seyyathāpi taṃ kāsikavatthaṃ sukhasamphassaṃ, tathūpamo ayaṃ puggalo. Yesaṃ kho pana so [yesaṃ kho pana (sabbattha) a. ni. 3.100] paṭiggaṇhāti [patigaṇhāti (sī.) rūpasiddhiṭīkāya pana sameti] cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ, tesaṃ taṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti mahānisaṃsaṃ. Idamassa mahagghatāya. Seyyathāpi taṃ kāsikavatthaṃ mahagghaṃ, tathūpamo ayaṃ puggalo. Majjhimo cepi bhikkhu…pe… thero cepi bhikkhu hoti sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo, idamassa suvaṇṇatāya. Seyyathāpi taṃ kāsikavatthaṃ vaṇṇavantaṃ, tathūpamo ayaṃ puggalo. Ye kho panassa sevanti bhajanti payirupāsanti diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjanti, tesaṃ taṃ hoti dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya. Idamassa sukhasamphassatāya. Seyyathāpi taṃ kāsikavatthaṃ sukhasamphassaṃ, tathūpamo ayaṃ puggalo. Yesaṃ kho pana so paṭiggaṇhāti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ, tesaṃ taṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti mahānisaṃsaṃ. Idamassa mahagghatāya. Seyyathāpi taṃ kāsikavatthaṃ mahagghaṃ, tathūpamo ayaṃ puggalo. Evarūpo ce thero bhikkhu saṅghamajjhe bhaṇati, tamenaṃ bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘appasaddā āyasmanto hotha, thero bhikkhu dhammañca vinayañca bhaṇatī’’ti. Tassa taṃ vacanaṃ ādheyyaṃ gacchati, gandhakaraṇḍakeva naṃ kāsikavatthaṃ. Ime tayo kāsikavatthūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā bhikkhūsu.
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一百一十八、哪種人是易量者呢?此處有一種人,掉舉、貢高、輕躁、粗口、語散亂、失念、無正知、心不得定、心散亂、諸根如俗——這種人稱為“易量者”。

118Katamo ca puggalo suppameyyo? Idhekacco puggalo uddhato hoti unnaḷo capalo mukharo vikiṇṇavāco muṭṭhassati asampajāno asamāhito vibbhantacitto pākaṭindriyo – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘suppameyyo’’.
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一百一十九、哪種人是難量者呢?此處有一種人,不掉舉、不貢高、不輕躁、不粗口、語不散亂、念已現起、正知、心得定、心一境、諸根防護——這種人稱為“難量者”。

119Katamo ca puggalo duppameyyo? Idhekacco puggalo anuddhato hoti anunnaḷo acapalo amukharo avikiṇṇavāco upaṭṭhitassati sampajāno samāhito ekaggacitto saṃvutindriyo – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘duppameyyo’’.
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一百二十、哪種人是不可量者呢?此處有一種人,由於諸漏的滅盡,就在現法中自己以證智證知無漏的心解脫、慧解脫,成就並住——這種人稱為“不可量者”。

120Katamo ca puggalo appameyyo? Idhekacco puggalo āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ‘‘appameyyo’’.
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一百二十一、哪種人是不應親近、不應結交、不應侍奉的呢?此處有一種人,在戒、定、慧上是低劣的。這樣的人是不應親近、不應結交、不應侍奉的,除非出於護念,除非出於悲憫。

121Katamo ca puggalo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo? Idhekacco puggalo hīno hoti sīlena samādhinā paññāya. Evarūpo puggalo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo, aññatra anuddayā aññatra anukampā.
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一百二十二、哪種人是應親近、應結交、應侍奉的呢?此處有一種人,在戒、定、慧上是相等的。這樣的人是應親近、應結交、應侍奉的。這是什麼緣故呢?“當[我們]在戒上同等時,我們之間將會有戒論,那對我們將會安樂,那[論]在我們之間將會得以流轉;當[我們]在定上同等時,我們之間將會有定論,那對我們將會安樂,那[論]在我們之間將會得以流轉;當[我們]在慧上同等時,我們之間將會有慧論,那對我們將會安樂,那[論]在我們之間將會得以流轉。”因此,這樣的人是應親近、應結交、應侍奉的。

122Katamo ca puggalo sevitabbo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo? Idhekacco puggalo sadiso hoti sīlena samādhinā paññāya. Evarūpo puggalo sevitabbo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo. Taṃ kissa hetu? ‘‘Sīlasāmaññagatānaṃ sataṃ sīlakathā ca no bhavissati, sā ca no phāsu bhavissati, sā ca no pavattinī bhavissati; samādhisāmaññagatānaṃ sataṃ samādhikathā ca no bhavissati, sā ca no phāsu bhavissati, sā ca no pavattinī [pavattanī (sī.) a. ni. 3.26] bhavissati; paññāsāmaññagatānaṃ sataṃ paññākathā ca no bhavissati, sā ca no phāsu bhavissati, sā ca no pavattinī bhavissatī’’ti. Tasmā evarūpo puggalo sevitabbo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo.
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一百二十三、哪種人是應恭敬、尊重之後親近、結交、侍奉的呢?此處有一種人,在戒、定、慧上是較勝的。這樣的人是應恭敬、尊重之後親近、結交、侍奉的。這是什麼緣故呢?“我將使未圓滿的戒蘊圓滿,或將以慧於各處護持已圓滿的戒蘊;我將使未圓滿的定蘊圓滿,或將以慧於各處護持已圓滿的定蘊;我將使未圓滿的慧蘊圓滿,或將以慧於各處護持已圓滿的慧蘊。”因此,這樣的人是應恭敬、尊重之後親近、結交、侍奉的。

123Katamo ca puggalo sakkatvā garuṃ katvā sevitabbo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo? Idhekacco puggalo adhiko hoti sīlena samādhinā paññāya. Evarūpo puggalo sakkatvā garuṃ katvā sevitabbo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo. Taṃ kissa hetu? ‘‘Aparipūraṃ vā sīlakkhandhaṃ paripūressāmi, paripūraṃ vā sīlakkhandhaṃ tattha tattha paññāya anuggahessāmi; aparipūraṃ vā samādhikkhandhaṃ paripūressāmi, paripūraṃ vā samādhikkhandhaṃ tattha tattha paññāya anuggahessāmi; aparipūraṃ vā paññākkhandhaṃ paripūressāmi, paripūraṃ vā paññākkhandhaṃ tattha tattha paññāya anuggahessāmī’’ti. Tasmā evarūpo puggalo sakkatvā garuṃ katvā sevitabbo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo.
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一百二十四、哪種人是應厭惡、不應親近、不應結交、不應侍奉的呢?此處有一種人,是破戒者、有惡法者、不淨、行為可疑、行事隱秘、非沙門而自稱沙門、非梵行者而自稱梵行者、內部腐敗、漏洩、成為汙穢者。這樣的人是應厭惡、不應親近、不應結交、不應侍奉的。這是什麼緣故呢?[親近者]雖然不隨這樣的人所見而效行,然而關於他的惡名聲卻會傳揚:“[這]人是有惡友的、有惡伴的、有惡隨從的。”猶如進入糞中的蛇,雖然不咬,卻會沾汙他;同樣,[親近者]雖然不隨這樣的人所見而效行,然而關於他的惡名聲卻會傳揚:“[這]人是有惡友的、有惡伴的、有惡隨從的。”因此,這樣的人是應厭惡、不應親近、不應結交、不應侍奉的。

124Katamo ca puggalo jigucchitabbo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo? Idhekacco puggalo dussīlo hoti pāpadhammo asuci saṅkassarasamācāro paṭicchannakammanto assamaṇo samaṇapaṭiñño abrahmacārī brahmacāripaṭiñño antopūti avassuto kasambujāto. Evarūpo puggalo jigucchitabbo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo. Taṃ kissa hetu? Kiñcāpi evarūpassa puggalassa na diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjati, atha kho naṃ pāpako kittisaddo abbhuggacchati – ‘‘pāpamitto purisapuggalo pāpasahāyo pāpasampavaṅko’’ti. Seyyathāpi nāma ahi gūthagato kiñcāpi na ḍaṃsati, atha kho naṃ makkheti; evamevaṃ kiñcāpi evarūpassa puggalassa na diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjati, atha kho naṃ pāpako kittisaddo abbhuggacchati – ‘‘pāpamitto purisapuggalo pāpasahāyo pāpasampavaṅko’’ti! Tasmā evarūpo puggalo jigucchitabbo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo.
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一百二十五、哪種人是應旁觀、不應親近、不應結交、不應侍奉的呢?此處有一種人,是忿怒者、多惱者,即使被說了少許,也會黏著、動怒、起瞋恚、僵執,顯露出怒、瞋與不悅。猶如惡瘡被木棒或瓦片碰觸,便更加流溢[膿汁];同樣,此處有一種人,是忿怒者、多惱者,即使被說了少許,也會黏著、動怒、起瞋恚、僵執,顯露出怒、瞋與不悅。猶如鎮頭迦(tinduka)木的火把被木棒或瓦片碰觸,便更加發出“吱吱”“噼啪”之聲;同樣,此處有一種人,是忿怒者、多惱者,即使被說了少許,也會黏著、動怒、起瞋恚、僵執,顯露出怒、瞋與不悅。猶如糞坑被木棒或瓦片碰觸,便更加發出惡臭;同樣,此處有一種人,是忿怒者、多惱者,即使被說了少許,也會黏著、動怒、起瞋恚、僵執,顯露出怒、瞋與不悅;這樣的人是應旁觀、不應親近、不應結交、不應侍奉的。這是什麼緣故呢?“他可能會辱罵我、誹謗我、對我作無益之事。”因此,這樣的人是應旁觀、不應親近、不應結交、不應侍奉的。

125Katamo ca puggalo ajjhupekkhitabbo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo? Idhekacco puggalo kodhano hoti upāyāsabahulo, appampi vutto samāno abhisajjati kuppati byāpajjati patitthīyati, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti. Seyyathāpi nāma duṭṭhāruko kaṭṭhena vā kaṭhalāya vā ghaṭṭito bhiyyoso mattāya āsavaṃ deti, evamevaṃ idhekacco puggalo kodhano hoti upāyāsabahulo, appampi vutto samāno abhisajjati kuppati byāpajjati patitthīyati, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti. Seyyathāpi nāma tindukālātaṃ kaṭṭhena vā kaṭhalāya vā ghaṭṭitaṃ bhiyyoso mattāya cicciṭāyati ciṭiciṭāyati, evamevaṃ idhekacco puggalo kodhano hoti upāyāsabahulo, appampi vutto samāno abhisajjati kuppati byāpajjati patitthīyati, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti. Seyyathāpi nāma gūthakūpo kaṭṭhena vā kaṭhalāya vā ghaṭṭito bhiyyoso mattāya duggandho hoti, evamevaṃ idhekacco puggalo kodhano hoti upāyāsabahulo, appampi vutto samāno abhisajjati kuppati byāpajjati patitthīyati, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti; evarūpo puggalo ajjhupekkhitabbo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo. Taṃ kissa hetu? ‘‘Akkoseyyapi maṃ paribhāseyyapi maṃ anatthampi me kareyyā’’ti! Tasmā evarūpo puggalo ajjhupekkhitabbo na sevitabbo na bhajitabbo na payirupāsitabbo.
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一百二十六、哪種人是應親近、應結交、應侍奉的呢?此處有一種人,是持戒者、有善法者——這樣的人是應親近、應結交、應侍奉的。這是什麼緣故呢?[親近者]雖然不隨這樣的人所見而效行,然而關於他的善名聲卻會傳揚:“[這]人是有善友的、有善伴的、有善隨從的。”因此,這樣的人是應親近、應結交、應侍奉的。

126Katamo ca puggalo sevitabbo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo? Idhekacco puggalo sīlavā hoti kalyāṇadhammo – evarūpo puggalo sevitabbo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo. Taṃ kissa hetu? Kiñcāpi evarūpassa puggalassa na diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjati, atha kho naṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchati – ‘‘kalyāṇamitto purisapuggalo kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko’’ti! Tasmā evarūpo puggalo sevitabbo bhajitabbo payirupāsitabbo.
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一百二十七、哪種人於諸戒是作圓滿者,於定是有分量地作者,于慧是有分量地作者呢?須陀洹、斯陀含——這些人稱為“於諸戒是作圓滿者”,於定是有分量地作者,于慧是有分量地作者。

127Katamo ca puggalo sīlesu paripūrakārī, samādhismiṃ mattaso kārī, paññāya mattaso kārī? Sotāpannasakadāgāmino – ime vuccanti puggalā sīlesu paripūrakārino, samādhismiṃ mattaso kārino, paññāya mattaso kārino.
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一百二十八、哪種人於諸戒是作圓滿者,於定是作圓滿者,于慧是有分量地作者呢?阿那含——這種人稱為“於諸戒是作圓滿者”,於定是作圓滿者,于慧是有分量地作者。

128Katamo ca puggalo sīlesu ca paripūrakārī, samādhismiñca paripūrakārī, paññāya mattaso kārī? Anāgāmī – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo sīlesu ca paripūrakārī, samādhismiñca paripūrakārī, paññāya mattaso kārī.
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一百二十九、哪種人於諸戒是作圓滿者,於定是作圓滿者,于慧是作圓滿者呢?阿羅漢——這種人稱為“於諸戒是作圓滿者”,於定是作圓滿者,于慧是作圓滿者。

129Katamo ca puggalo sīlesu ca paripūrakārī, samādhismiñca paripūrakārī, paññāya ca paripūrakārī? Arahā – ayaṃ vuccati puggalo sīlesu ca paripūrakārī, samādhismiñca paripūrakārī, paññāya ca paripūrakārī.
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一百三十、此中什麼是三種導師?此處有某位導師施設對諸欲的遍知,不施設對諸色的遍知,不施設對諸受的遍知。又此處有某位導師施設對諸欲的遍知,也施設對諸色的遍知,不施設對諸受的遍知。又此處有某位導師施設對諸欲的遍知,也施設對諸色的遍知,也施設對諸受的遍知。

此中,凡是那施設對諸欲的遍知,不施設對諸色的遍知,不施設對諸受的遍知的導師,應由此視[他]為色界等至的獲得者導師。此中,凡是那施設對諸欲的遍知,也施設對諸色的遍知,不施設對諸受的遍知的導師,應由此視[他]為無色界等至的獲得者導師。此中,凡是那施設對諸欲的遍知,也施設對諸色的遍知,也施設對諸受的遍知的導師,應由此視[他]為正等正覺者導師。這就是三種導師。

130Tattha katame tayo satthāro? Idhekacco satthā kāmānaṃ pariññaṃ paññapeti [paññāpeti (sī. syā.)], na rūpānaṃ pariññaṃ paññapeti, na vedanānaṃ pariññaṃ paññapeti. Idha panekacco satthā kāmānañca pariññaṃ paññapeti, rūpānañca pariññaṃ paññapeti, na vedanānaṃ pariññaṃ paññapeti. Idha panekacco satthā kāmānañca pariññaṃ paññapeti, rūpānañca pariññaṃ paññapeti, vedanānañca pariññaṃ paññapeti. Tatra yvāyaṃ satthā kāmānaṃ pariññaṃ paññapeti, na rūpānaṃ pariññaṃ paññapeti, na vedanānaṃ pariññaṃ paññapeti, rūpāvacarasamāpattiyā lābhī satthā tena daṭṭhabbo. Tatra yvāyaṃ satthā kāmānañca pariññaṃ paññapeti, rūpānañca pariññaṃ paññapeti, na vedanānaṃ pariññaṃ paññapeti, arūpāvacarasamāpattiyā lābhī satthā tena daṭṭhabbo. Tatra yvāyaṃ satthā kāmānañca pariññaṃ paññapeti, rūpānañca pariññaṃ paññapeti, vedanānañca pariññaṃ paññapeti, sammāsambuddho satthā tena daṭṭhabbo. Ime tayo satthāro.
131已對照

一百三十一、此中什麼是另外三種導師?此處有某位導師於現法中真實而確定地施設我,於來世也真實而確定地施設我。又此處有某位導師於現法中真實而確定地施設我,然而不於來世真實而確定地施設我。又此處有某位導師不於現法中真實而確定地施設我,於來世也不真實而確定地施設我。

此中,凡是那於現法中真實而確定地施設我,於來世也真實而確定地施設我的導師,應由此視[他]為常見論者導師。此中,凡是那於現法中真實而確定地施設我,然而不於來世真實而確定地施設我的導師,應由此視[他]為斷滅論者導師。此中,凡是那不於現法中真實而確定地施設我,於來世也不真實而確定地施設我的導師,應由此視[他]為正等正覺者導師。這就是另外三種導師。

131Tattha katame aparepi tayo satthāro? Idhekacco satthā diṭṭhe ceva dhamme attānaṃ saccato thetato paññapeti, abhisamparāyañca attānaṃ saccato thetato paññapeti. Idha panekacco satthā diṭṭhe ceva dhamme attānaṃ saccato thetato paññapeti, no ca kho abhisamparāyaṃ attānaṃ saccato thetato paññapeti. Idha panekacco satthā diṭṭhe ceva dhamme attānaṃ saccato thetato na paññapeti, abhisamparāyañca attānaṃ saccato thetato na paññapeti. Tatra yvāyaṃ satthā diṭṭhe ceva dhamme attānaṃ saccato thetato paññapeti, abhisamparāyañca attānaṃ saccato thetato paññapeti, sassatavādo satthā tena daṭṭhabbo. Tatra yvāyaṃ satthā diṭṭhe ceva dhamme attānaṃ saccato thetato paññapeti, no ca kho abhisamparāyaṃ attānaṃ saccato thetato paññapeti, ucchedavādo satthā tena daṭṭhabbo. Tatra yvāyaṃ satthā diṭṭhe ceva dhamme attānaṃ saccato thetato na paññapeti, abhisamparāyañca attānaṃ saccato thetato na paññapeti, sammāsambuddho satthā tena daṭṭhabbo. Ime aparepi tayo satthāro.
已對照

三法的解說。