快樂巴利palinanda.cc

增支部 · 八集·慈品 Mettāvaggo

本經目錄一、第一五十[經]一、慈品一、慈經二、慧經三、第一不可愛經四、第二不可愛經五、第一世間法經六、第二世間法經七、提婆達多失壞經八、優多羅失壞經九、難陀經十、秕糠經慈品第一。

已對照

一、第一五十[經]

已對照

一、慈品

1. Mettāvaggo
已對照

一、慈經

1. Mettāsuttaṃ
1PTS 4.150緬 3.1已對照

一、如是我聞——一時,世尊住在舍衛城祇樹林給孤獨園。在那裡,世尊召喚諸比丘:“諸比丘。”“尊者。”那些比丘應諾世尊。世尊這樣說——

“諸比丘,慈心解脫若已串習、已修習、已多作、已作車乘、已作基地、已確立、已積習、已善精勤,可期待八種功德。哪八種[功德]呢?安樂地睡,安樂地醒,不見惡夢,為人們所愛,為非人所愛,諸天神守護[他],火或毒或刀不侵入他,若未通達更上[之法],則趣往梵天界。諸比丘,慈心解脫若已串習、已修習、已多作、已作車乘、已作基地、已確立、已積習、已善精勤,可期待這八種功德。”

“凡具念而修習無量之慈者,

[他的]諸結變得稀薄,[他]見到依之滅盡。

“若以無瞋惡之心,即使只對一個眾生

行慈,他也因此成為善者;

而以意悲憫一切眾生的

聖者,造作豐厚的福。

“那些征服了充滿眾生的大地的

諸王仙,祭祀著而巡行:

馬祭(assamedha)、人祭(purisamedha),

擲栓祭(sammāpāsa)、飲力祭(vājapeyya)、無閂祭(niraggaḷa)——

“它們連善修習的慈心的

十六分之一也不及,

猶如一切星群[比於]月光,

連[它的]十六分之一也不值。

“不殺,也不令[人]殺;不侵損,也不令[人]侵損;

對一切眾生懷著慈之分,他就與任何人都沒有怨。”第一[經]。

1. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
[a. ni. 11.15] ‘‘Mettāya, bhikkhave, cetovimuttiyā āsevitāya bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya aṭṭhānisaṃsā pāṭikaṅkhā. Katame aṭṭha? Sukhaṃ supati, sukhaṃ paṭibujjhati, na pāpakaṃ supinaṃ passati, manussānaṃ piyo hoti, amanussānaṃ piyo hoti, devatā rakkhanti, nāssa aggi vā visaṃ vā satthaṃ vā kamati, uttariṃ appaṭivijjhanto brahmalokūpago hoti. Mettāya, bhikkhave, cetovimuttiyā āsevitāya bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya ime aṭṭhānisaṃsā pāṭikaṅkhā’’ti.
‘‘Yo ca mettaṃ bhāvayati, appamāṇaṃ paṭissato [patissato (sī.)];
Tanū saṃyojanā honti, passato upadhikkhayaṃ.
‘‘Ekampi ce pāṇamaduṭṭhacitto,
Mettāyati kusalī tena hoti;
Sabbe ca pāṇe manasānukampī,
Pahūtamariyo pakaroti puññaṃ.
‘‘Ye sattasaṇḍaṃ pathaviṃ vijetvā,
Rājisayo yajamānā anupariyagā;
Assamedhaṃ purisamedhaṃ,
Sammāpāsaṃ vājapeyyaṃ niraggaḷaṃ.
‘‘Mettassa cittassa subhāvitassa,
Kalampi te nānubhavanti soḷasiṃ;
Candappabhā tāragaṇāva sabbe,
Yathā na agghanti kalampi soḷasiṃ [ayaṃ pādo bahūsu na dissati].
‘‘Yo na hanti na ghāteti, na jināti na jāpaye;
Mettaṃso sabbabhūtānaṃ, veraṃ tassa na kenacī’’ti. paṭhamaṃ;
已對照

二、慧經

2. Paññāsuttaṃ
2已對照

二、“諸比丘,有這八種因、八種緣,能使未得的梵行之初的慧得以獲得,使已得的[慧]增多、廣大、由修習而圓滿。哪八種[因緣]呢?諸比丘,在此,比丘依止導師或某位堪為尊重的同梵行者而住,對他有強烈的慚愧現起,且有愛與恭敬。諸比丘,這是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以獲得、使已得的[慧]增多、廣大、由修習而圓滿的第一種因、第一種緣。

2. ‘‘Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, hetū aṭṭha paccayā ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattanti. Katame aṭṭha? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthāraṃ upanissāya viharati aññataraṃ vā garuṭṭhāniyaṃ sabrahmacāriṃ, yatthassa tibbaṃ hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti pemañca gāravo ca. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamo hetu paṭhamo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
PTS 4.152緬 3.3已對照

“他依止那位導師或某位堪為尊重的同梵行者而住,對他有強烈的慚愧現起,且有愛與恭敬;他時時前往請問、發問:‘尊者,這是怎樣?這是什麼義?’那些具壽便為他開顯未開顯的,明瞭未明瞭的,並於種種可疑之處除遣其疑。諸比丘,這是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以獲得、使已得的[慧]增多、廣大、由修習而圓滿的第二種因、第二種緣。

‘‘So taṃ satthāraṃ upanissāya viharanto aññataraṃ vā garuṭṭhāniyaṃ sabrahmacāriṃ, yatthassa tibbaṃ hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti pemaṃ gāravo ca, te kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamitvā paripucchati paripañhati – ‘idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ; imassa ko attho’ti? Tassa te āyasmanto avivaṭañceva vivaranti, anuttānīkatañca uttānī karonti, anekavihitesu ca kaṅkhāṭhāniyesu dhammesu kaṅkhaṃ paṭivinodenti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, dutiyo hetu dutiyo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
已對照

“他聽聞那法之後,以身遠離與心遠離兩種遠離而成就。諸比丘,這是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以獲得、使已得的[慧]增多、廣大、由修習而圓滿的第三種因、第三種緣。

‘‘So taṃ dhammaṃ sutvā dvayena vūpakāsena sampādeti – kāyavūpakāsena ca cittavūpakāsena ca. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, tatiyo hetu tatiyo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
已對照

“他具戒,以波羅提木叉律儀防護而住,具足正行與行處,於微細的罪過也見怖畏,受持學處而學習。諸比丘,這是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以獲得、使已得的[慧]增多、廣大、由修習而圓滿的第四種因、第四種緣。

‘‘Sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, catuttho hetu catuttho paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
已對照

“他是多聞者、憶持所聞者、積集所聞者。凡是那些初善、中善、後善的,具足義理與文句的,顯示完全圓滿、遍淨的梵行的法,他對這樣的諸法多聞、憶持、以語熟習、以意隨觀察、以見善通達。諸比丘,這是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以獲得、使已得的[慧]增多、廣大、由修習而圓滿的第五種因、第五種緣。

‘‘Bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo. Ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ [satthā sabyañjanā (ka. sī.)] kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā [dhatā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, pañcamo hetu pañcamo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
PTS 4.153已對照

“他為舍斷諸不善法、為成就諸善法而住於發起精進,有力、堅固勇猛,於諸善法不放下[重]擔。諸比丘,這是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以獲得、使已得的[慧]增多、廣大、由修習而圓滿的第六種因、第六種緣。

‘‘Āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, chaṭṭho hetu chaṭṭho paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
緬 3.4已對照

“又,他進入僧團時,不作種種雜論,不作畜生論;或自己說法,或請他人[說法],或不輕視聖默然。諸比丘,這是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以獲得、使已得的[慧]增多、廣大、由修習而圓滿的第七種因、第七種緣。

‘‘Saṅghagato kho pana anānākathiko hoti atiracchānakathiko. Sāmaṃ vā dhammaṃ bhāsati paraṃ vā ajjhesati ariyaṃ vā tuṇhībhāvaṃ nātimaññati. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, sattamo hetu sattamo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
已對照

“又,他於五取蘊隨觀生滅而住:‘色是如此,色的集起是如此,色的滅沒是如此;受是如此,受的集起是如此,受的滅沒是如此;想是如此……乃至……行是如此……乃至……識是如此,識的集起是如此,識的滅沒是如此。’諸比丘,這是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以獲得、使已得的[慧]增多、廣大、由修習而圓滿的第八種因、第八種緣。

‘‘Pañcasu kho pana upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassī viharati – ‘iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā, iti vedanāya samudayo, iti vedanāya atthaṅgamo; iti saññā…pe… iti saṅkhārā…pe… iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, aṭṭhamo hetu aṭṭhamo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
已對照

“同梵行者們這樣敬重他:‘這位具壽依止導師或某位堪為尊重的同梵行者而住,對他有強烈的慚愧現起,且有愛與恭敬。這位具壽確實是知而知、見而見。’這法也導向[被]愛、[被]尊重、修習、沙門性、合一。

‘‘Tamenaṃ sabrahmacārī evaṃ sambhāventi – ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā satthāraṃ upanissāya viharati aññataraṃ vā garuṭṭhāniyaṃ sabrahmacāriṃ, yatthassa tibbaṃ hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti pemañca gāravo ca. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya [piyatāya garutāya (syā.)] bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
PTS 4.154已對照

“‘又,這位具壽依止那位導師或某位堪為尊重的同梵行者而住,對他有強烈的慚愧現起,且有愛與恭敬;他時時前往請問、發問:“尊者,這是怎樣?這是什麼義?”那些具壽便為他開顯未開顯的,明瞭未明瞭的,並於種種可疑之處除遣其疑。這位具壽確實是知而知、見而見。’這法也導向[被]愛、[被]尊重、修習、沙門性、合一。

‘‘‘Taṃ kho panāyamāyasmā satthāraṃ upanissāya viharanto aññataraṃ vā garuṭṭhāniyaṃ sabrahmacāriṃ, yatthassa tibbaṃ hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti pemañca gāravo ca, te kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamitvā paripucchati paripañhati – idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ; imassa ko atthoti? Tassa te āyasmanto avivaṭañceva vivaranti, anuttānīkatañca uttānī karonti, anekavihitesu ca kaṅkhāṭhāniyesu dhammesu kaṅkhaṃ paṭivinodenti. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
已對照

“‘又,這位具壽聽聞那法之後,以身遠離與心遠離兩種遠離而成就。這位具壽確實是知而知、見而見。’這法也導向[被]愛、[被]尊重、修習、沙門性、合一。

‘‘‘Taṃ kho panāyamāyasmā dhammaṃ sutvā dvayena vūpakāsena sampādeti – kāyavūpakāsena ca cittavūpakāsena ca. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
緬 3.5已對照

“‘又,這位具壽具戒,以波羅提木叉律儀防護而住,具足正行與行處,於微細的罪過也見怖畏,受持學處而學習。這位具壽確實是知而知、見而見。’這法也導向[被]愛、[被]尊重、修習、沙門性、合一。

‘‘‘Sīlavā kho panāyamāyasmā pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
已對照

“‘又,這位具壽是多聞者、憶持所聞者、積集所聞者。凡是那些初善、中善、後善的,具足義理與文句的,顯示完全圓滿、遍淨的梵行的法,他對這樣的諸法多聞、憶持、以語熟習、以意隨觀察、以見善通達。這位具壽確實是知而知、見而見。’這法也導向[被]愛、[被]尊重、修習、沙門性、合一。

‘‘‘Bahussuto kho panāyamāyasmā sutadharo sutasannicayo. Ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
已對照

“‘又,這位具壽為舍斷諸不善法、為成就諸善法而住於發起精進,有力、堅固勇猛,於諸善法不放下[重]擔。這位具壽確實是知而知、見而見。’這法也導向[被]愛、[被]尊重、修習、沙門性、合一。

‘‘‘Āraddhavīriyo kho panāyamāyasmā viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
PTS 4.155已對照

“‘又,這位具壽進入僧團時,不作種種雜論,不作畜生論;或自己說法,或請他人[說法],或不輕視聖默然。這位具壽確實是知而知、見而見。’這法也導向[被]愛、[被]尊重、修習、沙門性、合一。

‘‘‘Saṅghagato kho panāyamāyasmā anānākathiko hoti atiracchānakathiko. Sāmaṃ vā dhammaṃ bhāsati paraṃ vā ajjhesati ariyaṃ vā tuṇhībhāvaṃ nātimaññati. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
已對照

“‘又,這位具壽於五取蘊隨觀生滅而住:“色是如此,色的集起是如此,色的滅沒是如此;受是如此……乃至……想是如此……乃至……行是如此……乃至……識是如此,識的集起是如此,識的滅沒是如此。”這位具壽確實是知而知、見而見。’這法也導向[被]愛、[被]尊重、修習、沙門性、合一。

‘‘‘Pañcasu kho panāyamāyasmā upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassī viharati – iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā…pe… iti saññā…pe… iti saṅkhārā…pe… iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamoti. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
已對照

“諸比丘,這八種因、八種緣能使未得的梵行之初的慧得以獲得,使已得的[慧]增多、廣大、由修習而圓滿。”第二[經]。

‘‘Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha hetū aṭṭha paccayā ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattantī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
已對照

三、第一不可愛經

3. Paṭhamaappiyasuttaṃ
3緬 3.6已對照

三、“諸比丘,具足八種法的比丘,不為諸同梵行者所愛、所可意、所尊重、所欽敬。具足哪八種[法]呢?諸比丘,在此,比丘是稱讚不可愛者的、呵責可愛者的、欲求利養的、欲求恭敬的、無慚的、無愧的、惡欲的、邪見的。諸比丘,具足這八種法的比丘,不為諸同梵行者所愛、所可意、所尊重、所欽敬。

3. ‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ appiyo ca hoti amanāpo ca agaru ca abhāvanīyo ca. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu appiyapasaṃsī ca hoti, piyagarahī ca, lābhakāmo ca, sakkārakāmo ca, ahiriko ca, anottappī ca, pāpiccho ca, micchādiṭṭhi ca. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ appiyo ca hoti amanāpo ca agaru ca abhāvanīyo ca.
PTS 4.156已對照

“諸比丘,具足八種法的比丘,為諸同梵行者所愛、所可意、所尊重、所欽敬。具足哪八種[法]呢?諸比丘,在此,比丘不是稱讚不可愛者的,不是呵責可愛者的,不是欲求利養的,不是欲求恭敬的,是有慚的、有愧的、少欲的、正見的。諸比丘,具足這八種法的比丘,為諸同梵行者所愛、所可意、所尊重、所欽敬。”第三[經]。

‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo ca. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na appiyapasaṃsī ca hoti, na piyagarahī ca, na lābhakāmo ca, na sakkārakāmo ca, hirīmā ca hoti, ottappī ca, appiccho ca, sammādiṭṭhi ca. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo cā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
已對照

四、第二不可愛經

4. Dutiyaappiyasuttaṃ
4已對照

四、“諸比丘,具足八種法的比丘,不為諸同梵行者所愛、所可意、所尊重、所欽敬。具足哪八種[法]呢?諸比丘,在此,比丘是欲求利養的、欲求恭敬的、欲求不被輕視的、不知時的、不知量的、不淨的、多言的、辱罵謾罵諸同梵行者的。諸比丘,具足這八種法的比丘,不為諸同梵行者所愛、所可意、所尊重、所欽敬。

4. ‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ appiyo ca hoti amanāpo ca agaru ca abhāvanīyo ca. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu lābhakāmo ca hoti, sakkārakāmo ca, anavaññattikāmo ca, akālaññū ca, amattaññū ca, asuci ca, bahubhāṇī ca, akkosakaparibhāsako ca sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ appiyo ca hoti amanāpo ca agaru ca abhāvanīyo ca.
已對照

“諸比丘,具足八種法的比丘,為諸同梵行者所愛、所可意、所尊重、所欽敬。具足哪八種[法]呢?諸比丘,在此,比丘不是欲求利養的,不是欲求恭敬的,不是欲求不被輕視的,是知時的、知量的、清淨的,不是多言的,不是辱罵謾罵諸同梵行者的。諸比丘,具足這八種法的比丘,為諸同梵行者所愛、所可意、所尊重、所欽敬。”第四[經]。

‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo ca. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na lābhakāmo ca hoti, na sakkārakāmo ca, na anavaññattikāmo ca, kālaññū ca, mattaññū ca, suci ca, na bahubhāṇī ca, anakkosakaparibhāsako ca sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo cā’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
已對照

五、第一世間法經

5. Paṭhamalokadhammasuttaṃ
5PTS 4.157緬 3.7已對照

五、“諸比丘,有這八種世間法隨轉於世間,世間也隨轉於八種世間法。哪八種[世間法]呢?得、不得、名聲、無名聲、毀、贊、樂、苦。諸比丘,這八種世間法隨轉於世間,世間也隨轉於這八種世間法。”

“得與不得、名聲與無名聲,

毀與贊、樂與苦——

這些在人間的法是無常的、

不恆常的、變易之法。

“具念、善慧者知道了這些,

觀察[它們]是變易之法;

可喜之法不擾亂[其]心,

於不可喜者,他也不至於瞋礙。

“他的隨順或違逆,

已被驅散、已滅沒,不復存在;

知道了遠塵、無愁的境地,

到達有之彼岸者正確地了知[它]。”第五[經]。

5. ‘‘Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, lokadhammā lokaṃ anuparivattanti, loko ca aṭṭha lokadhamme anuparivattati. Katame aṭṭha? Lābho ca, alābho ca, yaso ca, ayaso ca, nindā ca, pasaṃsā ca, sukhañca, dukkhañca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha lokadhammā lokaṃ anuparivattanti, loko ca ime aṭṭha lokadhamme anuparivattatī’’ti.
‘‘Lābho alābho ca yasāyaso ca,
Nindā pasaṃsā ca sukhaṃ dukhañca;
Ete aniccā manujesu dhammā,
Asassatā vipariṇāmadhammā.
‘‘Ete ca ñatvā satimā sumedho,
Avekkhati vipariṇāmadhamme;
Iṭṭhassa dhammā na mathenti cittaṃ,
Aniṭṭhato no paṭighātameti.
‘‘Tassānurodhā atha vā virodhā,
Vidhūpitā atthaṅgatā na santi;
Padañca ñatvā virajaṃ asokaṃ,
Sammappajānāti bhavassa pāragū’’ti. pañcamaṃ;
已對照

六、第二世間法經

6. Dutiyalokadhammasuttaṃ
6PTS 4.158緬 3.8已對照

六、“諸比丘,有這八種世間法隨轉於世間,世間也隨轉於八種世間法。哪八種[世間法]呢?得、不得、名聲、無名聲、毀、贊、樂、苦。諸比丘,這八種世間法隨轉於世間,世間也隨轉於這八種世間法。

“諸比丘,無聞凡夫會生起得、不得、名聲、無名聲、毀、贊、樂、苦;諸比丘,有聞的聖弟子也會生起得、不得、名聲、無名聲、毀、贊、樂、苦。諸比丘,那麼此中,有聞的聖弟子與無聞凡夫之間,有什麼差別?有什麼更多的作為?有什麼不同?”“尊者,我們的諸法以世尊為根本、以世尊為引導、以世尊為依止。尊者,若世尊親自解說這所說之義,那就好了;聽了世尊[所說],比丘們將會受持。”

“那麼,諸比丘,你們要諦聽,好好作意,我要說了。”“是的,尊者。”那些比丘應諾世尊。世尊這樣說——“諸比丘,無聞凡夫生起了得。他不這樣思察:‘我生起了這得,而它是無常的、苦的、變易之法。’不如實了知[它]。生起了不得……乃至……生起了名聲……生起了無名聲……生起了毀……生起了贊……生起了樂……生起了苦。他不這樣思察:‘我生起了這苦,而它是無常的、苦的、變易之法。’不如實了知[它]。”

“得也遍取他的心而住,不得也遍取他的心而住,名聲也遍取他的心而住,無名聲也遍取他的心而住,毀也遍取他的心而住,贊也遍取他的心而住,樂也遍取他的心而住,苦也遍取他的心而住。他歡迎已生的得,厭拒不得;歡迎已生的名聲,厭拒無名聲;歡迎已生的贊,厭拒毀;歡迎已生的樂,厭拒苦。他如是陷入隨順與違逆,不能從生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、憂、惱中解脫。我說:‘[他]不能從苦中解脫。’”

“諸比丘,而有聞的聖弟子生起了得。他這樣思察:‘我生起了這得,而它是無常的、苦的、變易之法。’如實了知[它]。生起了不得……乃至……生起了名聲……生起了無名聲……生起了毀……生起了贊……生起了樂……生起了苦。他這樣思察:‘我生起了這苦,而它是無常的、苦的、變易之法。’如實了知[它]。”

“得也不遍取他的心而住,不得也不遍取他的心而住,名聲也不遍取他的心而住,無名聲也不遍取他的心而住,毀也不遍取他的心而住,贊也不遍取他的心而住,樂也不遍取他的心而住,苦也不遍取他的心而住。他不歡迎已生的得,不厭拒不得;不歡迎已生的名聲,不厭拒無名聲;不歡迎已生的贊,不厭拒毀;不歡迎已生的樂,不厭拒苦。他如是舍斷了隨順與違逆,從生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、憂、惱中解脫。我說:‘[他]從苦中解脫。’諸比丘,這就是有聞的聖弟子與無聞凡夫之間的差別、更多的作為、不同。”

“得與不得、名聲與無名聲,

毀與贊、樂與苦——

這些在人間的法是無常的、

不恆常的、變易之法。

“具念、善慧者知道了這些,

觀察[它們]是變易之法;

可喜之法不擾亂[其]心,

於不可喜者,他也不至於瞋礙。

“他的隨順或違逆,

已被驅散、已滅沒,不復存在;

知道了遠塵、無愁的境地,

到達有之彼岸者正確地了知[它]。”第六[經]。

6. ‘‘Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, lokadhammā lokaṃ anuparivattanti, loko ca aṭṭha lokadhamme anuparivattati. Katame aṭṭha? Lābho ca, alābho ca, yaso ca, ayaso ca, nindā ca, pasaṃsā ca, sukhañca, dukkhañca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha lokadhammā lokaṃ anuparivattanti, loko ca ime aṭṭha lokadhamme anuparivattati.
‘‘Assutavato, bhikkhave, puthujjanassa uppajjati lābhopi alābhopi yasopi ayasopi nindāpi pasaṃsāpi sukhampi dukkhampi. Sutavatopi, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa uppajjati lābhopi alābhopi yasopi ayasopi nindāpi pasaṃsāpi sukhampi dukkhampi. Tatra, bhikkhave, ko viseso ko adhippayāso [adhippāyo (sī.), adhippāyaso (syā. kaṃ.) adhi + pa + yasu + ṇa = adhippayāso] kiṃ nānākaraṇaṃ sutavato ariyasāvakassa assutavatā puthujjanenā’’ti? ‘‘Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā bhagavaṃnettikā bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaṃyeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti.
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘assutavato, bhikkhave, puthujjanassa uppajjati lābho. So na iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘uppanno kho me ayaṃ lābho; so ca kho anicco dukkho vipariṇāmadhammo’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Uppajjati alābho…pe… uppajjati yaso… uppajjati ayaso… uppajjati nindā… uppajjati pasaṃsā… uppajjati sukhaṃ… uppajjati dukkhaṃ. So na iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘uppannaṃ kho me idaṃ dukkhaṃ; tañca kho aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhamma’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti’’.
‘‘Tassa lābhopi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, alābhopi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, yasopi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, ayasopi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, nindāpi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, pasaṃsāpi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, sukhampi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, dukkhampi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati. So uppannaṃ lābhaṃ anurujjhati, alābhe paṭivirujjhati; uppannaṃ yasaṃ anurujjhati, ayase paṭivirujjhati; uppannaṃ pasaṃsaṃ anurujjhati, nindāya paṭivirujjhati; uppannaṃ sukhaṃ anurujjhati, dukkhe paṭivirujjhati. So evaṃ anurodhavirodhasamāpanno na parimuccati jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Na parimuccati dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi’’.
‘‘Sutavato ca kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa uppajjati lābho. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘uppanno kho me ayaṃ lābho; so ca kho anicco dukkho vipariṇāmadhammo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Uppajjati alābho…pe… uppajjati yaso… uppajjati ayaso… uppajjati nindā… uppajjati pasaṃsā… uppajjati sukhaṃ… uppajjati dukkhaṃ. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘uppannaṃ kho me idaṃ dukkhaṃ; tañca kho aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhamma’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti’’.
‘‘Tassa lābhopi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, alābhopi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, yasopi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, ayasopi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, nindāpi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, pasaṃsāpi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, sukhampi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, dukkhampi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati. So uppannaṃ lābhaṃ nānurujjhati, alābhe nappaṭivirujjhati; uppannaṃ yasaṃ nānurujjhati, ayase nappaṭivirujjhati; uppannaṃ pasaṃsaṃ nānurujjhati, nindāya nappaṭivirujjhati; uppannaṃ sukhaṃ nānurujjhati, dukkhe nappaṭivirujjhati. So evaṃ anurodhavirodhavippahīno parimuccati jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Parimuccati dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, viseso ayaṃ adhippayāso idaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ sutavato ariyasāvakassa assutavatā puthujjanenā’’ti.
‘‘Lābho alābho ca yasāyaso ca,
Nindā pasaṃsā ca sukhaṃ dukhañca;
Ete aniccā manujesu dhammā,
Asassatā vipariṇāmadhammā.
‘‘Ete ca ñatvā satimā sumedho,
Avekkhati vipariṇāmadhamme;
Iṭṭhassa dhammā na mathenti cittaṃ,
Aniṭṭhato no paṭighātameti.
‘‘Tassānurodhā atha vā virodhā,
Vidhūpitā atthaṅgatā na santi;
Padañca ñatvā virajaṃ asokaṃ,
Sammappajānāti bhavassa pāragū’’ti. chaṭṭhaṃ;
已對照

七、提婆達多失壞經

7. Devadattavipattisuttaṃ
7緬 3.10已對照

七、一時,世尊住在王舍城靈鷲山,提婆達多離去不久。在那裡,世尊就提婆達多[之事]召喚諸比丘:“諸比丘,比丘時時省察自己的失壞,這是好的。諸比丘,比丘時時省察他人的失壞,這是好的。諸比丘,比丘時時省察自己的成就,這是好的。諸比丘,比丘時時省察他人的成就,這是好的。諸比丘,提婆達多被八種非正法所征服、心被遍盡,是墮苦界的、墮地獄的、住劫的、不可救治的。”

7. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate acirapakkante devadatte. Tatra bhagavā devadattaṃ ārabbha bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attavipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ paravipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ parasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, asaddhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho’’.
已對照

“被哪八種[非正法]呢?諸比丘,提婆達多被得所征服、心被遍盡,是墮苦界的、墮地獄的、住劫的、不可救治的。諸比丘,被不得……乃至……諸比丘,被名聲……諸比丘,被無名聲……諸比丘,被恭敬……諸比丘,被不恭敬……諸比丘,被惡欲……諸比丘,提婆達多被惡友性所征服、心被遍盡,是墮苦界的、墮地獄的、住劫的、不可救治的。諸比丘,提婆達多被這八種非正法所征服、心被遍盡,是墮苦界的、墮地獄的、住劫的、不可救治的。

[cūḷava. 348] ‘‘Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Lābhena hi, bhikkhave, abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho. Alābhena, bhikkhave…pe… yasena, bhikkhave… ayasena, bhikkhave… sakkārena, bhikkhave… asakkārena, bhikkhave… pāpicchatāya, bhikkhave… pāpamittatāya, bhikkhave, abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi asaddhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho.
PTS 4.161已對照

“諸比丘,比丘一再地制勝已生的得而住,[一再地制勝]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名聲……已生的無名聲……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的惡欲……一再地制勝已生的惡友性而住,這是好的。

‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya, uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ … uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya.
已對照

“諸比丘,比丘緣於什麼道理而一再地制勝已生的得而住,[一再地制勝]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名聲……已生的無名聲……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的惡欲……一再地制勝已生的惡友性而住呢?

‘‘Kiñca [kathañca (ka.)], bhikkhave, bhikkhu atthavasaṃ paṭicca uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya, uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya?
已對照

“諸比丘,此[比丘]若不制勝已生的得而住,本會生起諸漏、苦惱與熱惱;制勝已生的得而住,如是他便沒有那些諸漏、苦惱與熱惱。諸比丘,此[比丘]若不制勝已生的不得……乃至……已生的名聲……已生的無名聲……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的惡欲……已生的惡友性而住,本會生起諸漏、苦惱與熱惱;制勝已生的惡友性而住,如是他便沒有那些諸漏、苦惱與熱惱。諸比丘,比丘正是緣於這個道理而一再地制勝已生的得而住,[一再地制勝]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名聲……已生的無名聲……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的惡欲……一再地制勝已生的惡友性而住。

‘‘Yaṃ hissa, bhikkhave, uppannaṃ lābhaṃ anabhibhuyya [anabhibhūyya anabhibhūyya (ka.)] viharato uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya [abhibhūyya abhibhūyya (ka.)] viharato evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti. Yaṃ hissa, bhikkhave, uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ anabhibhuyya viharato uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya viharato evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu atthavasaṃ paṭicca uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya, uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ … uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya.
緬 3.11已對照

“因此,諸比丘,你們應當這樣修學:‘我們要一再地制勝已生的得而住,[一再地制勝]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名聲……已生的無名聲……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的惡欲……我們要一再地制勝已生的惡友性而住。’諸比丘,你們應當這樣修學。”第七[經]。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya viharissāma, uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya viharissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Sattamaṃ.
已對照

八、優多羅失壞經

8. Uttaravipattisuttaṃ
8PTS 4.162緬 3.12已對照

八、一時,具壽優多羅(Uttara)住在摩醯沙婆圖(Mahisavatthu)的僧祇耶迦山(Saṅkheyyaka)婆吒闍利迦(Vaṭajālikā)[精舍]。在那裡,具壽優多羅召喚諸比丘:“賢友們,比丘時時省察自己的失壞,這是好的。賢友們,比丘時時省察他人的失壞,這是好的。賢友們,比丘時時省察自己的成就,這是好的。賢友們,比丘時時省察他人的成就,這是好的。”

那時,毗沙門天王(Vessavaṇa)因某件應作之事,從北方往南方去。毗沙門天王聽到具壽優多羅在摩醯沙婆圖的僧祇耶迦山婆吒闍利迦[精舍]這樣為諸比丘說法:“賢友們,比丘時時省察自己的失壞,這是好的。賢友們,比丘時時省察他人的失壞,這是好的。賢友們,比丘時時省察自己的成就,這是好的。賢友們,比丘時時省察他人的成就,這是好的。”

於是,毗沙門天王猶如有力之人伸展屈曲的手臂、或屈曲伸展的手臂那樣,從摩醯沙婆圖的僧祇耶迦山婆吒闍利迦[精舍]隱沒,顯現在三十三天諸天之中。於是,毗沙門天王來到諸天之主帝釋之處;到了之後,對諸天之主帝釋這樣說:“尊駕,您要知道!這位具壽優多羅在摩醯沙婆圖的僧祇耶迦山婆吒闍利迦[精舍]這樣為諸比丘說法:‘賢友們,比丘時時省察自己的失壞,這是好的。賢友們,比丘時時省察他人的失壞……乃至……自己的成就……他人的成就,這是好的。’”

於是,諸天之主帝釋猶如有力之人伸展屈曲的手臂、或屈曲伸展的手臂那樣,從三十三天諸天之中隱沒,顯現在摩醯沙婆圖的僧祇耶迦山婆吒闍利迦[精舍]具壽優多羅的面前。於是,諸天之主帝釋來到具壽優多羅之處;到了之後,禮敬具壽優多羅,站在一旁。站在一旁的諸天之主帝釋對具壽優多羅這樣說——

“尊者,聽說具壽優多羅這樣為諸比丘說了法:‘賢友們,比丘時時省察自己的失壞,這是好的;賢友們,比丘時時省察他人的失壞……乃至……自己的成就……他人的成就,這是好的。’是真的嗎?”“是的,諸天之主。”“尊者,那麼這是具壽優多羅自己的辯才呢,還是那位世尊、阿羅漢、正等正覺者的言語?”“那麼,諸天之主,我為你說個譬喻——此世有些有智之人正是藉譬喻而了知所說之義。”

“諸天之主,猶如在村落或市鎮不遠處有一大谷堆,大群人從那裡運取穀物——用扁擔、用籃子、用衣兜、用雙手捧。諸天之主,若有人走近那大群人這樣問:‘你們從哪裡運來這穀物?’諸天之主,那大群人怎樣回答,才是正確的回答呢?”“尊者,那大群人回答‘我們從那大谷堆運來’,才是正確的回答。”“諸天之主,同樣地,凡是任何善說的,那一切都是那位世尊、阿羅漢、正等正覺者的言語;我們與其他人都是從那裡一再取來而說的。”

“稀有啊,尊者!未曾有啊,尊者!具壽優多羅所說的這[話],是何等善說:‘凡是任何善說的,那一切都是那位世尊、阿羅漢、正等正覺者的言語;我們與其他人都是從那裡一再取來而說的。’尊者優多羅,有一次,世尊住在王舍城靈鷲山,提婆達多離去不久。在那裡,世尊就提婆達多[之事]召喚諸比丘——

“諸比丘,比丘時時省察自己的失壞,這是好的。諸比丘,比丘時時省察他人的失壞……乃至……自己的成就……他人的成就,這是好的。諸比丘,提婆達多被八種非正法所征服、心被遍盡,是墮苦界的、墮地獄的、住劫的、不可救治的。被哪八種[非正法]呢?諸比丘,提婆達多被得所征服、心被遍盡,是墮苦界的、墮地獄的、住劫的、不可救治的;諸比丘,被不得……乃至……諸比丘,被名聲……諸比丘,被無名聲……諸比丘,被恭敬……諸比丘,被不恭敬……諸比丘,被惡欲……諸比丘,提婆達多被惡友性所征服、心被遍盡,是墮苦界的、墮地獄的、住劫的、不可救治的。諸比丘,提婆達多被這八種非正法所征服、心被遍盡,是墮苦界的、墮地獄的、住劫的、不可救治的。

“諸比丘,比丘一再地制勝已生的得而住,[一再地制勝]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名聲……已生的無名聲……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的惡欲……一再地制勝已生的惡友性而住,這是好的。

“諸比丘,比丘緣於什麼道理而一再地制勝已生的得而住,[一再地制勝]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名聲……已生的無名聲……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的惡欲……一再地制勝已生的惡友性而住呢?

“諸比丘,此[比丘]若不制勝已生的得而住,本會生起諸漏、苦惱與熱惱;制勝已生的得而住,如是他便沒有那些諸漏、苦惱與熱惱。諸比丘,此[比丘]若不制勝已生的不得……乃至……已生的名聲……已生的無名聲……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的惡欲……已生的惡友性而住,本會生起諸漏、苦惱與熱惱;制勝已生的惡友性而住,如是他便沒有那些諸漏、苦惱與熱惱。諸比丘,比丘正是緣於這個道理而一再地制勝已生的得而住,[一再地制勝]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名聲……已生的無名聲……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的惡欲……一再地制勝已生的惡友性而住。

“因此,諸比丘,你們應當這樣修學:‘我們要一再地制勝已生的得而住,[一再地制勝]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名聲……已生的無名聲……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的惡欲……我們要一再地制勝已生的惡友性而住。’諸比丘,你們應當這樣修學。”

“尊者優多羅,在人間凡有四眾——比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷,這個法門[卻]未在任何[一眾]中被確立。尊者,願具壽優多羅受學這個法門;尊者,願具壽優多羅通曉這個法門;尊者,願具壽優多羅憶持這個法門。尊者,這個法門具有義利,是梵行之初。”第八[經]。

8. Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā uttaro mahisavatthusmiṃ viharati saṅkheyyake pabbate vaṭajālikāyaṃ [dhavajālikāyaṃ (sī.), vaṭṭajālikāyaṃ (syā.)]. Tatra kho āyasmā uttaro bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attavipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ paravipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ parasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hotī’’ti.
Tena kho pana samayena vessavaṇo mahārājā uttarāya disāya dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ gacchati kenacideva karaṇīyena. Assosi kho vessavaṇo mahārājā āyasmato uttarassa mahisavatthusmiṃ saṅkheyyake pabbate vaṭajālikāyaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desentassa – ‘‘sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attavipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ paravipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ parasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hotī’’ti.
Atha kho vessavaṇṇo mahārājā – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ [sammiñjitaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya [sammiñjeyya (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)], evamevaṃ mahisavatthusmiṃ saṅkheyyake pabbate vaṭajālikāyaṃ antarahito devesu tāvatiṃsesu pāturahosi. Atha kho vessavaṇṇo mahārājā yena sakko devānamindo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yagghe mārisa, jāneyyāsi! Eso āyasmā uttaro mahisavatthusmiṃ saṅkheyyake pabbate vaṭajālikāyaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – ‘sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attavipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ paravipattiṃ…pe… attasampattiṃ… parasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hotī’’’ti.
Atha kho sakko devānamindo seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evamevaṃ devesu tāvatiṃsesu antarahito mahisavatthusmiṃ saṅkheyyake pabbate vaṭajālikāyaṃ āyasmato uttarassa sammukhe pāturahosi. Atha kho sakko devānamindo yenāyasmā uttaro tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ uttaraṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho sakko devānamindo āyasmantaṃ uttaraṃ etadavoca –
‘‘Saccaṃ kira, bhante, āyasmā uttaro bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desesi – ‘sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attavipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti, sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ paravipattiṃ…pe… attasampattiṃ… parasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hotī’’’ ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, devānamindā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ panidaṃ [kiṃ pana (syā.)], bhante, āyasmato uttarassa sakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ [sakapaṭibhānaṃ upādāya (ka.)], udāhu tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi, devānaminda, upamaṃ te karissāmi. Upamāya midhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājāna’’nti.
‘‘Seyyathāpi, devānaminda, gāmassa vā nigamassa vā avidūre mahādhaññarāsi. Tato mahājanakāyo dhaññaṃ āhareyya – kājehipi piṭakehipi ucchaṅgehipi añjalīhipi. Yo nu kho, devānaminda, taṃ mahājanakāyaṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ puccheyya – ‘kuto imaṃ dhaññaṃ āharathā’ti, kathaṃ byākaramāno nu kho, devānaminda, so mahājanakāyo sammā byākaramāno byākareyyā’’ti? ‘‘‘Amumhā mahādhaññarāsimhā āharāmā’ti kho, bhante, so mahājanakāyo sammā byākaramāno byākareyyā’’ti. ‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, devānaminda, yaṃ kiñci subhāsitaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Tato upādāyupādāya mayaṃ caññe ca bhaṇāmā’’ti.
‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ bhante! Yāva subhāsitaṃ cidaṃ āyasmatā uttarena – ‘yaṃ kiñci subhāsitaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Tato upādāyupādāya mayaṃ caññe ca bhaṇāmā’ti. Ekamidaṃ, bhante uttara, samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate acirapakkante devadatte. Tatra kho bhagavā devadattaṃ ārabbha bhikkhū āmantesi –
‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attavipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ paravipattiṃ…pe… attasampattiṃ… parasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, asaddhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Lābhena hi, bhikkhave, abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho; alābhena, bhikkhave…pe… yasena, bhikkhave … ayasena, bhikkhave… sakkārena, bhikkhave… asakkārena, bhikkhave… pāpicchatāya, bhikkhave… pāpamittatāya, bhikkhave, abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi asaddhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho.
‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya; uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya.
‘‘Kiñca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu atthavasaṃ paṭicca uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya; uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya?
‘‘Yaṃ hissa, bhikkhave, uppannaṃ lābhaṃ anabhibhuyya viharato uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya viharato evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti. Yaṃ hissa, bhikkhave, uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ anabhibhuyya viharato uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya viharato evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu atthavasaṃ paṭicca uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya; uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ … uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya.
‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya viharissāma, uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya viharissāmāti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti.
‘‘Ettāvatā, bhante uttara, manussesu catasso parisā – bhikkhū, bhikkhuniyo, upāsakā, upāsikāyo. Nāyaṃ dhammapariyāyo kismiñci upaṭṭhito [patiṭṭhito (sī. syā.)]. Uggaṇhatu, bhante, āyasmā uttaro imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ. Pariyāpuṇātu, bhante, āyasmā uttaro imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ. Dhāretu, bhante, āyasmā uttaro imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ. Atthasaṃhito ayaṃ, bhante, dhammapariyāyo ādibrahmacariyako’’ti [ādibrahmacariyiko (sī. ka.)]. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
已對照

九、難陀經

9. Nandasuttaṃ
9PTS 4.167已對照

九、“諸比丘,若正確地說,應說難陀是‘良家子’。諸比丘,若正確地說,應說難陀是‘有力者’。諸比丘,若正確地說,應說難陀是‘令人淨信者’。諸比丘,若正確地說,應說難陀是‘貪熾盛者’。諸比丘,何須[說]別的?難陀守護諸根門、於食知量、勤修警寤、具足念與正知,由於這些,難陀能行圓滿、遍淨的梵行!諸比丘,此中,難陀守護諸根門之事是這樣的:諸比丘,若難陀應當看東方,難陀便以心全部作意之後看東方:‘我如此看東方時,貪與憂等惡、不善法將不流入。’如此他於其中有正知。

9. ‘‘‘Kulaputto’ti, bhikkhave, nandaṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya. ‘Balavā’ti, bhikkhave, nandaṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya. ‘Pāsādiko’ti, bhikkhave, nandaṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya. ‘Tibbarāgo’ti, bhikkhave, nandaṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya. Kimaññatra, bhikkhave, nando indriyesu guttadvāro, bhojane mattaññū, jāgariyaṃ anuyutto, satisampajaññena samannāgato, yehi [yena (ka.)] nando sakkoti paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ! Tatridaṃ, bhikkhave, nandassa indriyesu guttadvāratāya hoti. Sace, bhikkhave, nandassa puratthimā disā āloketabbā hoti, sabbaṃ cetasā samannāharitvā nando puratthimaṃ disaṃ āloketi – ‘evaṃ me puratthimaṃ disaṃ ālokayato nābhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssavissantī’ti. Itiha tattha sampajāno hoti.
緬 3.15已對照

“諸比丘,若難陀應當看西方……乃至……應當看北方……應當看南方……應當仰看上方……應當俯看下方……應當遍看四維,難陀便以心全部作意之後遍看四維:‘我如此遍看四維時,貪與憂等惡、不善法將不流入。’如此他於其中有正知。諸比丘,這就是難陀守護諸根門之事。

‘‘Sace, bhikkhave, nandassa pacchimā disā āloketabbā hoti…pe… uttarā disā āloketabbā hoti… dakkhiṇā disā āloketabbā hoti… uddhaṃ ulloketabbā hoti… adho oloketabbā hoti… anudisā anuviloketabbā hoti, sabbaṃ cetasā samannāharitvā nando anudisaṃ anuviloketi – ‘evaṃ me anudisaṃ anuvilokayato nābhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssavissantī’ti. Itiha tattha sampajāno hoti. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, nandassa indriyesu guttadvāratāya hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,此中,難陀於食知量之事是這樣的:諸比丘,在此,難陀如理省思後攝取食物:‘不為嬉遊,不為驕慢,不為裝飾,不為莊嚴,只是為了這身體的住立、維持,為了止息傷害,為了資助梵行;我將如此消除舊受,也不令新受生起;我將得以維生、無過,並且安樂而住。’諸比丘,這就是難陀於食知量之事。

‘‘Tatridaṃ, bhikkhave, nandassa bhojane mattaññutāya hoti. Idha, bhikkhave, nando paṭisaṅkhā yoniso āhāraṃ āhāreti – ‘neva davāya na madāya na maṇḍanāya na vibhūsanāya, yāvadeva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā yāpanāya vihiṃsūparatiyā brahmacariyānuggahāya iti purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmi, navañca vedanaṃ na uppādessāmi, yātrā ca me bhavissati anavajjatā ca phāsuvihāro cā’ti. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, nandassa bhojane mattaññutāya hoti.
PTS 4.168已對照

“諸比丘,此中,難陀勤修警寤之事是這樣的:諸比丘,在此,難陀白天以經行、以坐,令心從諸所應遮之法中淨化;夜的初分以經行、以坐,令心從諸所應遮之法中淨化;夜的中分以右脅作獅子臥,足足相疊,具念、正知,作意起身之想;夜的後分起身,以經行、以坐,令心從諸所應遮之法中淨化。諸比丘,這就是難陀勤修警寤之事。

‘‘Tatridaṃ, bhikkhave, nandassa jāgariyānuyogasmiṃ hoti. Idha, bhikkhave, nando divasaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheti; rattiyā paṭhamaṃ yāmaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheti; rattiyā majjhimaṃ yāmaṃ dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappeti pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā; rattiyā pacchimaṃ yāmaṃ paccuṭṭhāya caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheti. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, nandassa jāgariyānuyogasmiṃ hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,此中,難陀念與正知之事是這樣的:諸比丘,在此,難陀的諸受是被了知地生起,被了知地現起,被了知地滅沒;諸想是被了知地……乃至……諸尋是被了知地……乃至……滅沒。諸比丘,這就是難陀念與正知之事。

‘‘Tatridaṃ, bhikkhave, nandassa satisampajaññasmiṃ hoti. Idha, bhikkhave, nandassa viditā vedanā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti; viditā saññā…pe… viditā vitakkā…pe… abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, nandassa satisampajaññasmiṃ hoti.
已對照

“諸比丘,何須[說]別的?難陀守護諸根門、於食知量、勤修警寤、具足念與正知,由於這些,難陀能行圓滿、遍淨的梵行!”第九[經]。

‘‘Kimaññatra, bhikkhave, nando indriyesu guttadvāro, bhojane mattaññū, jāgariyaṃ anuyutto, satisampajaññena samannāgato, yehi nando sakkoti paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ caritu’’nti! Navamaṃ.
已對照

十、秕糠經

10. Kāraṇḍavasuttaṃ
10緬 3.16已對照

十、一時,世尊住在瞻波(Campā)的伽伽羅(Gaggarā)蓮花池畔。那時,諸比丘以罪詰責一位比丘。那位比丘被諸比丘以罪詰責時,以他事遮掩他事,把話引向外,顯露出怒、瞋與不悅。

10. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā campāyaṃ viharati gaggarāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ āpattiyā codenti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi āpattiyā codiyamāno aññenāññaṃ paṭicarati, bahiddhā kathaṃ apanāmeti, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti.
PTS 4.169已對照

於是,世尊召喚諸比丘:“諸比丘,你們排出這個人!諸比丘,你們排出這個人!諸比丘,這個人應被遣除。那個別人的兒子,你們何必去清理他呢!諸比丘,在此,有某個人的前進、後退、前視、旁視、屈、伸、持僧伽梨、缽與衣,正與其他賢善比丘的一樣——只要諸比丘還沒有看見他的罪。而一旦諸比丘看見他的罪,便這樣知道他:‘這人是沙門的敗壞者、沙門的空糠、沙門的秕糠。’如是知道他之後,便把他驅逐到外面。這是什麼緣故呢?以免他敗壞其他賢善的比丘!”

Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘niddhamathetaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalaṃ; niddhamathetaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalaṃ. Apaneyyeso [apaneyyo so (sī.), apaneyyo (syā.)], bhikkhave, puggalo. Kiṃ vo tena paraputtena visodhitena [kiṃ voparaputto viheṭhiyati (sī.), kiṃ paraputto viheṭheti (syā.), kiṃ vo paraputtā viheṭheti (pī.), kiṃ so paraputto visodheti (ka.)]! Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa tādisaṃyeva hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ, seyyathāpi aññesaṃ bhaddakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ – yāvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ na passanti. Yato ca khvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ passanti, tamenaṃ evaṃ jānanti – ‘samaṇadūsīvāyaṃ [samaṇarūpī (ka.)] samaṇapalāpo samaṇakāraṇḍavo’ti [samaṇakaraṇḍavoti (ka.)]. Tamenaṃ iti viditvā bahiddhā nāsenti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Mā aññe bhaddake bhikkhū dūsesī’’ti!
PTS 4.170已對照

“諸比丘,猶如在豐茂的麥田裡,生出了麥的敗壞者——麥的空糠、麥的秕糠。它的根正與其他賢善的麥子一樣,它的莖正與其他賢善的麥子一樣,它的葉正與其他賢善的麥子一樣——只要它的穗還沒有長出。而一旦它的穗長出,[人們]便這樣知道它:‘這是麥的敗壞者、麥的空糠、麥的秕糠。’如是知道它之後,便把它連根拔起,丟棄到麥田外面。這是什麼緣故呢?以免它敗壞其他賢善的麥子!

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, sampanne yavakaraṇe yavadūsī [yavarūpī (ka.)] jāyetha yavapalāpo yavakāraṇḍavoti. Tassa tādisaṃyeva mūlaṃ hoti, seyyathāpi aññesaṃ bhaddakānaṃ yavānaṃ; tādisaṃyeva nāḷaṃ hoti, seyyathāpi aññesaṃ bhaddakānaṃ yavānaṃ; tādisaṃyeva pattaṃ hoti, seyyathāpi aññesaṃ bhaddakānaṃ yavānaṃ – yāvassa sīsaṃ na nibbattati. Yato ca khvassa sīsaṃ nibbattati, tamenaṃ evaṃ jānanti – ‘yavadūsīvāyaṃ yavapalāpo yavakāraṇḍavo’ti. Tamenaṃ iti viditvā samūlaṃ uppāṭetvā bahiddhā yavakaraṇassa chaḍḍenti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Mā aññe bhaddake yave dūsesīti!
緬 3.17已對照

“同樣,諸比丘,在此,有某個人的前進、後退、前視、旁視、屈、伸、持僧伽梨、缽與衣,正與其他賢善比丘的一樣——只要諸比丘還沒有看見他的罪。而一旦諸比丘看見他的罪,便這樣知道他:‘這人是沙門的敗壞者、沙門的空糠、沙門的秕糠。’如是知道他之後,便把他驅逐到外面。這是什麼緣故呢?以免他敗壞其他賢善的比丘。

‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, idhekaccassa puggalassa tādisaṃyeva hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ, seyyathāpi aññesaṃ bhaddakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ – yāvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ na passanti. Yato ca khvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ passanti, tamenaṃ evaṃ jānanti – ‘samaṇadūsīvāyaṃ samaṇapalāpo samaṇakāraṇḍavo’ti. Tamenaṃ iti viditvā bahiddhā nāsenti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Mā aññe bhaddake bhikkhū dūsesīti.
PTS 4.171已對照

“諸比丘,猶如大谷堆被揚簸時,其中凡是堅實、有實的穀粒,便聚成一堆;而凡是那些瘦弱的、空糠的穀粒,風便把它們吹到一邊。主人們便拿起掃帚,把它們掃得更遠。這是什麼緣故呢?以免它們敗壞其他賢善的穀粒!同樣,諸比丘,在此,有某個人的前進、後退、前視、旁視、屈、伸、持僧伽梨、缽與衣,正與其他賢善比丘的一樣——只要諸比丘還沒有看見他的罪。而一旦諸比丘看見他的罪,便這樣知道他:‘這人是沙門的敗壞者、沙門的空糠、沙門的秕糠。’如是知道他之後,便把他驅逐到外面。這是什麼緣故呢?以免他敗壞其他賢善的比丘。

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahato dhaññarāsissa phuṇamānassa [vuyhamānassa (sī. pī.), phusayamānassa (syā.), punamānassa (?)] tattha yāni tāni dhaññāni daḷhāni sāravantāni tāni ekamantaṃ puñjaṃ hoti, yāni pana tāni dhaññāni dubbalāni palāpāni tāni vāto ekamantaṃ apavahati [apakassati (sī.)]. Tamenaṃ sāmikā sammajjaniṃ gahetvā bhiyyosomattāya apasammajjanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Mā aññe bhaddake dhaññe dūsesīti! Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, idhekaccassa puggalassa tādisaṃyeva hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ, seyyathāpi aññesaṃ bhaddakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ – yāvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ na passanti. Yato ca khvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ passanti, tamenaṃ evaṃ jānanti – ‘samaṇadūsīvāyaṃ samaṇapalāpo samaṇakāraṇḍavo’ti. Tamenaṃ iti viditvā bahiddhā nāsenti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Mā aññe bhaddake bhikkhū dūsesīti.
緬 3.18已對照

“諸比丘,猶如有人需要井的水管,拿著鋒利的斧頭進入林中。他以斧背敲擊任何一棵樹時,其中凡是堅實、有心材的樹,被斧背敲擊時便發出堅硬的迴響;而凡是那些內部腐敗、漏洩、成為汙穢的樹,被斧背敲擊時便發出‘達達’的迴響。他便把它從根部砍斷;從根部砍斷後,砍斷頂端;砍斷頂端後,把內部徹底清理乾淨;把內部徹底清理乾淨後,接作井的水管。同樣,諸比丘,在此,有某個人的前進、後退、前視、旁視、屈、伸、持僧伽梨、缽與衣,正與其他賢善比丘的一樣——只要諸比丘還沒有看見他的罪。而一旦諸比丘看見他的罪,便這樣知道他:‘這人是沙門的敗壞者、沙門的空糠、沙門的秕糠。’如是知道他之後,便把他驅逐到外面。這是什麼緣故呢?以免他敗壞其他賢善的比丘。”

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso udapānapanāḷiyatthiko tiṇhaṃ kuṭhāriṃ [kudhāriṃ (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] ādāya vanaṃ paviseyya. So yaṃ yadeva rukkhaṃ kuṭhāripāsena ākoṭeyya tattha yāni tāni rukkhāni daḷhāni sāravantāni tāni kuṭhāripāsena ākoṭitāni kakkhaḷaṃ paṭinadanti; yāni pana tāni rukkhāni antopūtīni avassutāni kasambujātāni tāni kuṭhāripāsena ākoṭitāni daddaraṃ paṭinadanti. Tamenaṃ mūle chindati, mūle chinditvā agge chindati, agge chinditvā anto suvisodhitaṃ visodheti, anto suvisodhitaṃ visodhetvā udapānapanāḷiṃ yojeti. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, idhekaccassa puggalassa tādisaṃyeva hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ, seyyathāpi aññesaṃ bhaddakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ – yāvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ na passanti. Yato ca khvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ passanti, tamenaṃ evaṃ jānanti – ‘samaṇadūsīvāyaṃ samaṇapalāpo samaṇakāraṇḍavo’ti. Tamenaṃ iti viditvā bahiddhā nāsenti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Mā aññe bhaddake bhikkhū dūsesī’’ti.
PTS 4.172已對照

“你們應由共住而知道這人是惡欲者、忿怒者,

‘‘Saṃvāsāyaṃ vijānātha, pāpiccho kodhano iti;
已對照

是覆蔑者、頑固者、攀齊者,是嫉者、慳者、諂者。

Makkhī thambhī paḷāsī ca, issukī maccharī saṭho.
已對照

“他在眾人中言語柔和,如沙門般說話;

‘‘Santavāco janavati, samaṇo viya bhāsati;
已對照

[卻]在暗中作[惡]業,是惡見者、不恭敬者。

Raho karoti karaṇaṃ, pāpadiṭṭhi anādaro.
已對照

“他支吾閃避、說妄語;如實地知道了他之後,

‘‘Saṃsappī ca musāvādī, taṃ viditvā yathātathaṃ;
已對照

你們應全都和合,摒棄他。

Sabbe samaggā hutvāna, abhinibbajjayātha [abhinibbijjayetha (ka.)] naṃ.
已對照

“你們應排出秕糠,應揚棄汙穢;

‘‘Kāraṇḍavaṃ [karaṇḍavaṃ (ka.) su. ni. 283 passitabbaṃ] niddhamatha, kasambuṃ apakassatha [avakassatha (ka.)];
已對照

此後應驅走秕子——那些非沙門而自以為沙門者。

Tato palāpe vāhetha, assamaṇe samaṇamānine.
已對照

“排出了那些惡欲的、行為與行處都惡的[人]之後,

‘‘Niddhamitvāna pāpicche, pāpaācāragocare;
已對照

清淨者與清淨者共作同住,[當]具念;

Suddhāsuddhehi saṃvāsaṃ, kappayavho patissatā;
已對照

此後和合、有智者,你們將作苦之邊際。”第十[經]。

Tato samaggā nipakā, dukkhassantaṃ karissathā’’ti. dasamaṃ;
已對照

慈品第一。

Mettāvaggo paṭhamo.
已對照

其攝頌——

慈、慧與兩不可愛,兩世間[法]、兩失壞;

提婆達多與優多羅,難陀與秕糠。

Tassuddānaṃ –
Mettaṃ paññā ca dve piyā, dve lokā dve vipattiyo;
Devadatto ca uttaro, nando kāraṇḍavena cāti.