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相应部 · 天子相应 Devaputtasaṃyuttaṃ

本经目录二、天子相应一、第一品一、第一迦叶经二、第二迦叶经三、摩伽经四、摩揭陀经五、陀摩尼经六、迦摩陀经七、般遮罗旃陀经八、多耶那经九、月天子经十、日天子经第一品。二、给孤独品一、旃地摩娑经二、毘瘦纽经三、长杖经四、欢喜[天子]经五、旃檀那经六、婆薮达多经七、苏梵经八、迦俱陀经九、优多罗经十、给孤独经给孤独品第二。三、种种外道品一、尸婆经二、柯马经三、施利经四、伽提伽罗经五、阇兜经六、赤马经七、难陀经八、难提毗舍罗经九、须深经十、种种外道弟子经种种外道品第三。《天子相应》完毕。

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二、天子相应

2. Devaputtasaṃyuttaṃ
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一、第一品

1. Paṭhamavaggo
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一、第一迦叶经

1. Paṭhamakassapasuttaṃ
82PTS 1.46缅 1.43已对照

八十二、如是我闻——一时,世尊住在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)祇树林(Jetavana)给孤独(Anāthapiṇḍika)园。那时,迦叶天子(Kassapa devaputta)在夜将尽时容色殊胜,遍照整座祇树林,来到世尊之处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,站在一旁。站在一旁的迦叶天子对世尊这样说——“世尊阐明了比丘,却没有[阐明]对比丘的教诫(anusāsa)。”“那么,迦叶,愿此[义]正对你显现。”

82. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho kassapo devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho kassapo devaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bhikkhuṃ bhagavā pakāsesi, no ca bhikkhuno anusāsa’’nti. ‘‘Tena hi kassapa, taññevettha paṭibhātū’’ti.
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“应学善说(subhāsita),以及沙门的亲近(samaṇūpāsana);

‘‘Subhāsitassa sikkhetha, samaṇūpāsanassa ca;
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静处的独坐(ekāsana),以及心的寂止(cittavūpasama)。”

Ekāsanassa ca raho, cittavūpasamassa cā’’ti.
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迦叶天子说了这话。导师表示赞同。于是迦叶天子想「导师对我表示赞同了」,便礼敬世尊,右绕之后,就在那里隐没了。

Idamavoca kassapo devaputto; samanuñño satthā ahosi. Atha kho kassapo devaputto ‘‘samanuñño me satthā’’ti bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyīti.
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二、第二迦叶经

2. Dutiyakassapasuttaṃ
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八十三、因缘在舍卫城。站在一旁的迦叶天子在世尊面前说了这首偈——

“比丘应是修禅者(jhāyī)、心已解脱者,

若他希求心的证得(hadayassānupatti);

了知世间的生灭(udayabbaya),

心善、无所依止(anissita),以那为功德(tadānisaṃsa)。”

83. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho kassapo devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
‘‘Bhikkhu siyā jhāyī vimuttacitto,
Ākaṅkhe ce hadayassānupattiṃ;
Lokassa ñatvā udayabbayañca,
Sucetaso anissito tadānisaṃso’’ti.
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三、摩伽经

3. Māghasuttaṃ
84PTS 1.47缅 1.44已对照

八十四、因缘在舍卫城。那时,摩伽天子(Māgha devaputta)在夜将尽时容色殊胜,遍照整座祇树林,来到世尊之处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,站在一旁。站在一旁的摩伽天子以偈对世尊说——

84. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho māgho devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho māgho devaputto bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
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“断何者而卧安?断何者而不忧?

‘‘Kiṃsu chetvā sukhaṃ seti, kiṃsu chetvā na socati;
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乔达摩,你赞许杀何者一法?”

Kissassu ekadhammassa, vadhaṃ rocesi gotamā’’ti.
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“断忿(kodha)而卧安,断忿而不忧;

‘‘Kodhaṃ chetvā sukhaṃ seti, kodhaṃ chetvā na socati;
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伐多罗浮(vatrabhū)啊,忿是毒之根、是甜梢,

Kodhassa visamūlassa, madhuraggassa vatrabhū;
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诸圣者赞许[其]被杀,因为断了它便不忧。”

Vadhaṃ ariyā pasaṃsanti, tañhi chetvā na socatī’’ti.
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四、摩揭陀经

4. Māgadhasuttaṃ
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八十五、因缘在舍卫城。站在一旁的摩揭陀天子(Māgadha devaputta)以偈对世尊说——

85. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho māgadho devaputto bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
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“世间有几种灯(pajjota),由它们世间得以显现?

‘‘Kati lokasmiṃ pajjotā, yehi loko pakāsati;
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我等前来请问尊师(bhavant),我等如何得知此[答]?”

Bhavantaṃ puṭṭhumāgamma, kathaṃ jānemu taṃ maya’’nti.
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“世间有四种灯,此中不见有第五;

‘‘Cattāro loke pajjotā, pañcamettha na vijjati;
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日于昼而炽照,月于夜而放光。

Divā tapati ādicco, rattimābhāti candimā.
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“又火于昼夜,在彼彼处而显照;

‘‘Atha aggi divārattiṃ, tattha tattha pakāsati;
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正觉者是诸炽照者中最上,这光(ābhā)是无上的。”

Sambuddho tapataṃ seṭṭho, esā ābhā anuttarā’’ti.
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五、陀摩尼经

5. Dāmalisuttaṃ
86PTS 1.48缅 1.45已对照

八十六、因缘在舍卫城。那时,陀摩尼天子(Dāmali devaputta)在夜将尽时容色殊胜,遍照整座祇树林,来到世尊之处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,站在一旁。站在一旁的陀摩尼天子在世尊面前说了这首偈——

“这是婆罗门所应作的:不倦怠地精勤(padhāna);

以诸欲的舍断,他不以此希求有(bhava)。”

“婆罗门没有应作之事(世尊[说]:陀摩尼啊),

因为婆罗门已办竟所应作。

“直到在诸河中得到立足处(gādha)之前,

人都以全身努力;

而得了立足处、站在陆地上的人,

他不[再]努力,因为他正是已到彼岸者。

“陀摩尼,这是对婆罗门的譬喻,

[对]诸漏已尽、审慎(nipaka)的修禅者;

达到了生与死的终结之后,

他不[再]努力,因为他是已到彼岸者。”

86. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho dāmali devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho dāmali devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
‘‘Karaṇīyametaṃ brāhmaṇena, padhānaṃ akilāsunā;
Kāmānaṃ vippahānena, na tenāsīsate bhava’’nti.
‘‘Natthi kiccaṃ brāhmaṇassa (dāmalīti bhagavā),
Katakicco hi brāhmaṇo.
‘‘Yāva na gādhaṃ labhati nadīsu,
Āyūhati sabbagattebhi jantu;
Gādhañca laddhāna thale ṭhito yo,
Nāyūhatī pāragato hi sova [soti (sī. pī. ka.), hoti (syā. kaṃ.), so (?)].
‘‘Esūpamā dāmali brāhmaṇassa,
Khīṇāsavassa nipakassa jhāyino;
Pappuyya jātimaraṇassa antaṃ,
Nāyūhatī pāragato hi so’’ti [hotīti (syā. kaṃ.)].
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六、迦摩陀经

6. Kāmadasuttaṃ
87缅 1.46已对照

八十七、因缘在舍卫城。站在一旁的迦摩陀天子(Kāmada devaputta)对世尊这样说——“世尊,难行啊!世尊,极难行啊!”

“即使难行的[事],他们也行(世尊[说]:迦摩陀啊),

[即]以戒而善具备的诸有学(sekha);

自身已住立的(ṭhitatta);对已趣入无家者而言,

满足(tuṭṭhi)是带来安乐的。”

“世尊,这满足是难得的。”

“即使难得的[事],他们也得到(世尊[说]:迦摩陀啊),

[即]乐于心的寂止者;

他们的意无论昼夜,

都乐于修习。”

“世尊,这心是难以得定的。”

“即使难以得定的[心],他们也令其得定(世尊[说]:迦摩陀啊),

[即]乐于诸根的寂止者;

他们断了死[王]的网,

诸圣者[如是]前行,迦摩陀啊。”

“世尊,道路难走、崎岖。”

“即使[道路]难走、崎岖,迦摩陀啊,诸圣者也前行;

非圣者在崎岖的道路上,头朝下坠落;

诸圣者的道路是平坦的,因为诸圣者在崎岖中是平坦的。”

87. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho kāmado devaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dukkaraṃ bhagavā, sudukkaraṃ bhagavā’’ti.
‘‘Dukkaraṃ vāpi karonti (kāmadāti bhagavā),
Sekhā sīlasamāhitā;
Ṭhitattā anagāriyupetassa,
Tuṭṭhi hoti sukhāvahā’’ti.
‘‘Dullabhā bhagavā yadidaṃ tuṭṭhī’’ti.
‘‘Dullabhaṃ vāpi labhanti (kāmadāti bhagavā),
Cittavūpasame ratā;
Yesaṃ divā ca ratto ca,
Bhāvanāya rato mano’’ti.
‘‘Dussamādahaṃ bhagavā yadidaṃ citta’’nti.
‘‘Dussamādahaṃ vāpi samādahanti (kāmadāti bhagavā),
Indriyūpasame ratā;
Te chetvā maccuno jālaṃ,
Ariyā gacchanti kāmadā’’ti.
‘‘Duggamo bhagavā visamo maggo’’ti.
‘‘Duggame visame vāpi, ariyā gacchanti kāmada;
Anariyā visame magge, papatanti avaṃsirā;
Ariyānaṃ samo maggo, ariyā hi visame samā’’ti.
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七、般遮罗旃陀经

7. Pañcālacaṇḍasuttaṃ
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八十八、因缘在舍卫城。站在一旁的般遮罗旃陀天子(Pañcālacaṇḍa devaputta)在世尊面前说了这首偈——

“确实在狭窄(sambādha)之中,广慧者找到了空间(okāsa);

那觉悟了禅那的佛陀、退隐的最上牛(paṭilīnanisabha)、牟尼。”

“即使在狭窄之中,他们也找到(世尊[说]:般遮罗旃陀啊),

为证得涅槃之法;

那些获得了念的人,

他们正确地善得定。”

88. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho pañcālacaṇḍo devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
‘‘Sambādhe vata okāsaṃ, avindi bhūrimedhaso;
Yo jhānamabujjhi [jhānamabudhā (ka. sī.), jhānamabuddhi (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.)] buddho, paṭilīnanisabho munī’’ti.
‘‘Sambādhe vāpi vindanti (pañcālacaṇḍāti bhagavā),
Dhammaṃ nibbānapattiyā;
Ye satiṃ paccalatthaṃsu,
Sammā te susamāhitā’’ti.
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八、多耶那经

8. Tāyanasuttaṃ
89PTS 1.49已对照

八十九、因缘在舍卫城。那时,昔为一派宗师(purāṇatitthakara)的多耶那天子(Tāyana devaputta)在夜将尽时容色殊胜,遍照整座祇树林,来到世尊之处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,站在一旁。站在一旁的多耶那天子在世尊面前说了这些偈——

89. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho tāyano devaputto purāṇatitthakaro abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho tāyano devaputto bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
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“奋力断流吧,驱除诸欲吧,婆罗门;

‘‘Chinda sotaṃ parakkamma, kāme panuda brāhmaṇa;
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牟尼不舍断诸欲,便不达到一境(ekatta)。

Nappahāya munī kāme, nekattamupapajjati.
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“若要作,就应作它,应坚定地为它奋力;

‘‘Kayirā ce kayirāthenaṃ, daḷhamenaṃ parakkame;
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因为松懈的出家(paribbāja),更加扬撒尘垢。

Sithilo hi paribbājo, bhiyyo ākirate rajaṃ.
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“恶行不作为好,恶行事后令人热恼;

‘‘Akataṃ dukkaṭaṃ [dukkataṃ (sī. pī.)] seyyo, pacchā tapati dukkaṭaṃ;
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善行作了为好,作了之后不追悔。

Katañca sukataṃ seyyo, yaṃ katvā nānutappati.
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“犹如拔取不当的吉祥草(kusa),会割伤手;

‘‘Kuso yathā duggahito, hatthamevānukantati;
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错误执取的沙门性,把[人]拖向地狱。

Sāmaññaṃ dupparāmaṭṭhaṃ, nirayāyūpakaḍḍhati.
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“凡是松懈的任何业,以及凡是杂染的禁行(vata),

‘‘Yaṃ kiñci sithilaṃ kammaṃ, saṃkiliṭṭhañca yaṃ vataṃ;
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可疑的梵行,那不会有大果。”

Saṅkassaraṃ brahmacariyaṃ, na taṃ hoti mahapphala’’nti.
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多耶那天子说了这话;说了这话之后,礼敬世尊,右绕之后,就在那里隐没了。

Idamavoca tāyano devaputto; idaṃ vatvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyīti.
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那一夜过后,世尊召唤诸比丘——“诸比丘,昨夜,名为多耶那、昔为一派宗师的天子在夜将尽时容色殊胜,遍照整座祇树林,来到我之处;到了之后,礼敬我,站在一旁。诸比丘,站在一旁的多耶那天子在我面前说了这些偈——

Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘imaṃ, bhikkhave, rattiṃ tāyano nāma devaputto purāṇatitthakaro abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho, bhikkhave, tāyano devaputto mama santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
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‘奋力断流吧,驱除诸欲吧,婆罗门;

‘‘Chinda sotaṃ parakkamma, kāme panuda brāhmaṇa;
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牟尼不舍断诸欲,便不达到一境(ekatta)。

Nappahāya munī kāme, nekattamupapajjati.
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‘若要作,就应作它,应坚定地为它奋力;

‘‘Kayirā ce kayirāthenaṃ, daḷhamenaṃ parakkame;
PTS 1.50已对照

因为松懈的出家(paribbāja),更加扬撒尘垢。

Sithilo hi paribbājo, bhiyyo ākirate rajaṃ.
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‘恶行不作为好,恶行事后令人热恼;

‘‘Akataṃ dukkaṭaṃ seyyo, pacchā tapati dukkaṭaṃ;
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善行作了为好,作了之后不追悔。

Katañca sukataṃ seyyo, yaṃ katvā nānutappati.
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‘犹如拔取不当的吉祥草(kusa),会割伤手;

‘‘Kuso yathā duggahito, hatthamevānukantati;
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错误执取的沙门性,把[人]拖向地狱。

Sāmaññaṃ dupparāmaṭṭhaṃ, nirayāyūpakaḍḍhati.
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‘凡是松懈的任何业,以及凡是杂染的禁行(vata),

‘‘Yaṃ kiñci sithilaṃ kammaṃ, saṃkiliṭṭhañca yaṃ vataṃ;
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可疑的梵行,那不会有大果。’

Saṅkassaraṃ brahmacariyaṃ, na taṃ hoti mahapphala’’nti.
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“诸比丘,多耶那天子说了这话;说了这话之后,礼敬我,右绕之后,就在那里隐没了。诸比丘,你们要受学多耶那偈;诸比丘,你们要通晓多耶那偈;诸比丘,你们要忆持多耶那偈。诸比丘,多耶那偈具有义利,是梵行之初。”

‘‘Idamavoca, bhikkhave, tāyano devaputto, idaṃ vatvā maṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyi. Uggaṇhātha, bhikkhave, tāyanagāthā; pariyāpuṇātha, bhikkhave, tāyanagāthā; dhāretha, bhikkhave, tāyanagāthā. Atthasaṃhitā, bhikkhave, tāyanagāthā ādibrahmacariyikā’’ti.
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九、月天子经

9. Candimasuttaṃ
90缅 1.48已对照

九十、因缘在舍卫城。那时,月天子(Candimā devaputta)被阿修罗王罗睺(Rāhu asurinda)抓住了。于是月天子忆念着世尊,在那时说了这首偈——

“礼敬您,佛陀,英雄啊!您于一切处都已解脱;

我已陷入狭窄[之境],请您作我的皈依。”

于是世尊关于月天子,以偈对阿修罗王罗睺说——

“月[天子]已皈依如来、阿罗汉;

罗睺,放了月亮吧,诸佛是怜悯世间者。”

于是阿修罗王罗睺放了月天子,急匆匆地来到阿修罗王毗摩质多罗(Vepacitti)之处;到了之后,悚惧、身毛竖立,站在一旁。阿修罗王毗摩质多罗以偈对站在一旁的阿修罗王罗睺说——

“罗睺,你为何如此慌忙地放了月亮;

你带着悚惧之相前来,为何像害怕似地站着?”

“我的头会裂成七块,活着也得不到安乐;

佛陀的偈已对我诵出,若我不放月亮的话。”

90. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena candimā devaputto rāhunā asurindena gahito hoti. Atha kho candimā devaputto bhagavantaṃ anussaramāno tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
‘‘Namo te buddha vīratthu, vippamuttosi sabbadhi;
Sambādhapaṭipannosmi, tassa me saraṇaṃ bhavā’’ti.
Atha kho bhagavā candimaṃ devaputtaṃ ārabbha rāhuṃ asurindaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
‘‘Tathāgataṃ arahantaṃ, candimā saraṇaṃ gato;
Rāhu candaṃ pamuñcassu, buddhā lokānukampakā’’ti.
Atha kho rāhu asurindo candimaṃ devaputtaṃ muñcitvā taramānarūpo yena vepacitti asurindo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho rāhuṃ asurindaṃ vepacitti asurindo gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
‘‘Kiṃ nu santaramānova, rāhu candaṃ pamuñcasi;
Saṃviggarūpo āgamma, kiṃ nu bhītova tiṭṭhasī’’ti.
‘‘Sattadhā me phale muddhā, jīvanto na sukhaṃ labhe;
Buddhagāthābhigītomhi, no ce muñceyya candima’’nti.
已对照

十、日天子经

10. Sūriyasuttaṃ
91PTS 1.51缅 1.49已对照

九十一、因缘在舍卫城。那时,日天子(Sūriya devaputta)被阿修罗王罗睺抓住了。于是日天子忆念着世尊,在那时说了这首偈——

“礼敬您,佛陀,英雄啊!您于一切处都已解脱;

我已陷入狭窄[之境],请您作我的皈依。”

于是世尊关于日天子,以诸偈对阿修罗王罗睺说——

“日[天子]已皈依如来、阿罗汉;

罗睺,放了太阳吧,诸佛是怜悯世间者。

“那在黑暗中、在幽冥中作光明者,

光耀者(verocana)、圆轮者,具猛烈威光;

罗睺,莫吞那行于虚空的,

罗睺,放了我的孩子——太阳吧。”

于是阿修罗王罗睺放了日天子,急匆匆地来到阿修罗王毗摩质多罗之处;到了之后,悚惧、身毛竖立,站在一旁。阿修罗王毗摩质多罗以偈对站在一旁的阿修罗王罗睺说——

“罗睺,你为何如此慌忙地放了太阳;

你带着悚惧之相前来,为何像害怕似地站着?”

“我的头会裂成七块,活着也得不到安乐;

佛陀的偈已对我诵出,若我不放太阳的话。”

91. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena sūriyo devaputto rāhunā asurindena gahito hoti. Atha kho sūriyo devaputto bhagavantaṃ anussaramāno tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
‘‘Namo te buddha vīratthu, vippamuttosi sabbadhi;
Sambādhapaṭipannosmi, tassa me saraṇaṃ bhavā’’ti.
Atha kho bhagavā sūriyaṃ devaputtaṃ ārabbha rāhuṃ asurindaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
‘‘Tathāgataṃ arahantaṃ, sūriyo saraṇaṃ gato;
Rāhu sūriyaṃ [suriyaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] pamuñcassu, buddhā lokānukampakā.
‘‘Yo andhakāre tamasi pabhaṅkaro,
Verocano maṇḍalī uggatejo;
Mā rāhu gilī caramantalikkhe,
Pajaṃ mamaṃ rāhu pamuñca sūriya’’nti.
Atha kho rāhu asurindo sūriyaṃ devaputtaṃ muñcitvā taramānarūpo yena vepacitti asurindo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho rāhuṃ asurindaṃ vepacitti asurindo gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
‘‘Kiṃ nu santaramānova, rāhu sūriyaṃ pamuñcasi;
Saṃviggarūpo āgamma, kiṃ nu bhītova tiṭṭhasī’’ti.
‘‘Sattadhā me phale muddhā, jīvanto na sukhaṃ labhe;
Buddhagāthābhigītomhi, no ce muñceyya sūriya’’nti.
已对照

第一品。

Paṭhamo vaggo.
已对照

其摄颂——

两位迦叶、摩伽与摩揭陀、陀摩尼、迦摩陀;

般遮罗旃陀、多耶那,连同月天子、日天子,它们是十[经]。

Tassuddānaṃ –
Dve kassapā ca māgho ca, māgadho dāmali kāmado;
Pañcālacaṇḍo tāyano, candimasūriyena te dasāti.
已对照

二、给孤独品

2. Anāthapiṇḍikavaggo
已对照

一、旃地摩娑经

1. Candimasasuttaṃ
92PTS 1.52缅 1.50已对照

九十二、因缘在舍卫城。那时,旃地摩娑天子(Candimasa devaputta)在夜将尽时容色殊胜,遍照整座祇树林,来到世尊之处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,站在一旁。站在一旁的旃地摩娑天子在世尊面前说了这首偈——

92. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho candimaso [candimāso (ka.)] devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho candimaso devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
已对照

“他们必将安稳地前行,如同在湾地(kaccha)中、无蚊虻[处]的鹿群;

‘‘Te hi sotthiṃ gamissanti, kacche vāmakase magā;
已对照

具足诸禅之后,[他们是]专一、审慎、具念者。”

Jhānāni upasampajja, ekodi nipakā satā’’ti.
已对照

“他们必将到达彼岸,如同断了网的水生者(ambuja);

‘‘Te hi pāraṃ gamissanti, chetvā jālaṃva ambujo;
已对照

具足诸禅之后,[他们是]不放逸、舍弃诤(raṇa)者。”

Jhānāni upasampajja, appamattā raṇañjahā’’ti.
已对照

二、毘瘦纽经

2. Veṇḍusuttaṃ
93已对照

九十三、站在一旁的毘瘦纽天子(Veṇḍu devaputta)在世尊面前说了这首偈——

“承事善逝之后,那些人确是安乐的;

勤勉于乔达摩的教法,他们不放逸地学习。”

“凡于我所宣说的教示之处(siṭṭhipada)(世尊[说]:毘瘦纽啊),

随之而学的诸修禅者;

他们适时不放逸,

不会落入死[王]的支配。”

93. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho veṇḍu [veṇhu (sī.)] devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
‘‘Sukhitāva te [sukhitā vata te (sī. syā. kaṃ.)] manujā, sugataṃ payirupāsiya;
Yuñjaṃ [yujja (sī.), yuñja (syā. kaṃ. pī.)] gotamasāsane, appamattā nu sikkhare’’ti.
‘‘Ye me pavutte siṭṭhipade [satthipade (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] (veṇḍūti bhagavā),
Anusikkhanti jhāyino;
Kāle te appamajjantā,
Na maccuvasagā siyu’’nti.
已对照

三、长杖经

3. Dīghalaṭṭhisuttaṃ
94已对照

九十四、如是我闻——一时,世尊住在王舍城(Rājagaha)竹林迦兰陀园(Veḷuvana Kalandakanivāpa)。那时,长杖天子(Dīghalaṭṭhi devaputta)在夜将尽时容色殊胜,遍照整座竹林,来到世尊之处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,站在一旁。站在一旁的长杖天子在世尊面前说了这首偈——

“比丘应是修禅者、心已解脱者,

若他希求心的证得(hadayassānupatti);

了知世间的生灭,

心善、无所依止,以那为功德。”

94. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho dīghalaṭṭhi devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ veḷuvanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho dīghalaṭṭhi devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
‘‘Bhikkhu siyā jhāyī vimuttacitto,
Ākaṅkhe ce hadayassānupattiṃ;
Lokassa ñatvā udayabbayañca,
Sucetaso anissito tadānisaṃso’’ti.
已对照

四、欢喜[天子]经

4. Nandanasuttaṃ
95PTS 1.53缅 1.51已对照

九十五、站在一旁的欢喜天子(Nandana devaputta)以偈对世尊说——

“广慧的乔达摩,我问您:

世尊的智见无所遮蔽(anāvaṭa);

人们说怎样的人是持戒者,

说怎样的人是有慧者;

怎样的人超越苦而行,

诸天神供养怎样的人?”

“凡持戒、有慧、已修自[体]者,

得定、乐于禅、具念;

他的一切忧愁已离去、已断,

诸漏已尽、持最后身者。

“人们说那样的人是持戒者,

说那样的人是有慧者;

那样的人超越苦而行,

诸天神供养那样的人。”

95. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho nandano devaputto bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
‘‘Pucchāmi taṃ gotama bhūripañña,
Anāvaṭaṃ bhagavato ñāṇadassanaṃ;
Kathaṃvidhaṃ sīlavantaṃ vadanti,
Kathaṃvidhaṃ paññavantaṃ vadanti;
Kathaṃvidho dukkhamaticca iriyati,
Kathaṃvidhaṃ devatā pūjayantī’’ti.
‘‘Yo sīlavā paññavā bhāvitatto,
Samāhito jhānarato satīmā;
Sabbassa sokā vigatā pahīnā,
Khīṇāsavo antimadehadhārī.
‘‘Tathāvidhaṃ sīlavantaṃ vadanti,
Tathāvidhaṃ paññavantaṃ vadanti;
Tathāvidho dukkhamaticca iriyati,
Tathāvidhaṃ devatā pūjayantī’’ti.
已对照

五、旃檀那经

5. Candanasuttaṃ
96已对照

九十六、站在一旁的旃檀那天子(Candana devaputta)以偈对世尊说——

96. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho candano devaputto bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
已对照

“[人]如何昼夜不懈怠而渡过暴流(ogha);

‘‘Kathaṃsu [kosudha (sī.)] tarati oghaṃ, rattindivamatandito;
已对照

在无立足处、无攀缘处,谁于深渊中不沉没?”

Appatiṭṭhe anālambe, ko gambhīre na sīdatī’’ti.
已对照

“常时具戒、有慧、善得定,

‘‘Sabbadā sīlasampanno, paññavā susamāhito;
已对照

发起精进、自策励者,渡过难渡的暴流。

Āraddhavīriyo pahitatto, oghaṃ tarati duttaraṃ.
已对照

“离于欲想,超越色之结;

‘‘Virato kāmasaññāya, rūpasaṃyojanātigo;
已对照

喜贪已遍尽者,他于深渊中不沉没。”

Nandīrāgaparikkhīṇo, so gambhīre na sīdatī’’ti.
已对照

六、婆薮达多经

6. Vāsudattasuttaṃ
97缅 1.52已对照

九十七、站在一旁的婆薮达多天子(Vāsudatta devaputta)在世尊面前说了这首偈——

97. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho vāsudatto devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
已对照

“犹如被剑(satti)所刺,犹如头顶[正]燃烧;

‘‘Sattiyā viya omaṭṭho, ḍayhamānova [ḍayhamāneva (sabbattha)] matthake;
已对照

为舍断欲贪(kāmarāga),比丘应具念而游行。”

Kāmarāgappahānāya, sato bhikkhu paribbaje’’ti.
已对照

“犹如被剑所刺,犹如头顶[正]燃烧;

‘‘Sattiyā viya omaṭṭho, ḍayhamānova matthake;
已对照

为舍断有身见(sakkāyadiṭṭhi),比丘应具念而游行。”

Sakkāyadiṭṭhippahānāya, sato bhikkhu paribbaje’’ti.
已对照

七、苏梵经

7. Subrahmasuttaṃ
98PTS 1.54已对照

九十八、站在一旁的苏梵天子(Subrahmā devaputta)以偈对世尊说——

“此心常惊怖,此意常战栗;

于未生起的诸难,以及已生起的[诸难];

若有不惊怖[之处],我[如是]问,请为我说。”

“除觉[支]与苦行外,除根律仪外;

除舍离一切外,我不见众生的安稳。”

“说了这[话]……乃至……就在那里隐没了。”

98. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho subrahmā devaputto bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
‘‘Niccaṃ utrastamidaṃ cittaṃ, niccaṃ ubbiggamidaṃ [ubbiggidaṃ (mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ)] mano;
Anuppannesu kicchesu [kiccesu (bahūsu)], atho uppatitesu ca;
Sace atthi anutrastaṃ, taṃ me akkhāhi pucchito’’ti.
‘‘Nāññatra bojjhā tapasā [bojjhaṅgatapasā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)], nāññatrindriyasaṃvarā;
Nāññatra sabbanissaggā, sotthiṃ passāmi pāṇina’’nti.
‘‘Idamavoca…pe… tatthevantaradhāyī’’ti.
已对照

八、迦俱陀经

8. Kakudhasuttaṃ
99缅 1.53已对照

九十九、如是我闻——一时,世尊住在娑鸡多(Sāketa)安阇那林(Añjanavana)鹿野苑。那时,迦俱陀天子(Kakudha devaputta)在夜将尽时容色殊胜,遍照整座安阇那林,来到世尊之处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,站在一旁。站在一旁的迦俱陀天子对世尊这样说——“沙门,你欢喜吗?”“贤友,得到了什么?”“那么,沙门,你忧愁吗?”“贤友,失去了什么?”“那么,沙门,你既不欢喜也不忧愁吗?”“是的,贤友。”

“比丘,你无苦患(anagha)吗?你没有喜(nandī)吗?

你独坐时,不乐(arati)不侵袭你吗?”

“夜叉,我确实无苦患,而且没有喜;

而且我独坐时,不乐不侵袭我。”

“比丘,你如何无苦患?如何没有喜?

你独坐时,不乐如何不侵袭你?”

“苦患已生者确实有喜,喜已生者确实有苦患;

比丘无喜、无苦患——贤友,你当如是知。”

“我久违才见到,已般涅槃的婆罗门;

无喜、无苦患的比丘,已渡世间之贪着。”

99. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sākete viharati añjanavane migadāye. Atha kho kakudho devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ añjanavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho kakudho devaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘nandasi, samaṇā’’ti? ‘‘Kiṃ laddhā, āvuso’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi, samaṇa, socasī’’ti? ‘‘Kiṃ jīyittha, āvuso’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi, samaṇa, neva nandasi na ca [neva (sī. syā. kaṃ.)] socasī’’ti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti.
‘‘Kacci tvaṃ anagho [anigho (sabbattha)] bhikkhu, kacci nandī [nandi (sī. syā. kaṃ.)] na vijjati;
Kacci taṃ ekamāsīnaṃ, aratī nābhikīratī’’ti.
‘‘Anagho ve ahaṃ yakkha, atho nandī na vijjati;
Atho maṃ ekamāsīnaṃ, aratī nābhikīratī’’ti.
‘‘Kathaṃ tvaṃ anagho bhikkhu, kathaṃ nandī na vijjati;
Kathaṃ taṃ ekamāsīnaṃ, aratī nābhikīratī’’ti.
‘‘Aghajātassa ve nandī, nandījātassa ve aghaṃ;
Anandī anagho bhikkhu, evaṃ jānāhi āvuso’’ti.
‘‘Cirassaṃ vata passāmi, brāhmaṇaṃ parinibbutaṃ;
Anandiṃ anaghaṃ bhikkhuṃ, tiṇṇaṃ loke visattika’’nti.
已对照

九、优多罗经

9. Uttarasuttaṃ
100PTS 1.55已对照

一百、因缘在王舍城。站在一旁的优多罗天子(Uttara devaputta)在世尊面前说了这首偈——

“生命被带走,寿量短促,

为衰老所带走者没有庇护;

观见死亡中这样的怖畏,

应当作能带来安乐的诸福德。”

“生命被带走,寿量短促,

为衰老所带走者没有庇护;

观见死亡中这样的怖畏,

希求寂静者应当舍弃世间之饵。”

100. Rājagahanidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho uttaro devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
‘‘Upanīyati jīvitamappamāyu,
Jarūpanītassa na santi tāṇā;
Etaṃ bhayaṃ maraṇe pekkhamāno,
Puññāni kayirātha sukhāvahānī’’ti.
‘‘Upanīyati jīvitamappamāyu,
Jarūpanītassa na santi tāṇā;
Etaṃ bhayaṃ maraṇe pekkhamāno,
Lokāmisaṃ pajahe santipekkho’’ti.
已对照

十、给孤独经

10. Anāthapiṇḍikasuttaṃ
101已对照

一百零一、站在一旁的给孤独天子(Anāthapiṇḍika devaputta)在世尊面前说了这些偈——

101. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho anāthapiṇḍiko devaputto bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
已对照

“这就是那祇树林(Jetavana),为仙人众(isisaṅgha)所依止;

‘‘Idañhi taṃ jetavanaṃ, isisaṅghanisevitaṃ;
已对照

为法王所住过,[它]令我生喜。

Āvutthaṃ dhammarājena, pītisañjananaṃ mama.
缅 1.54已对照

“业与明与法,戒、最上之活命;

‘‘Kammaṃ vijjā ca dhammo ca, sīlaṃ jīvitamuttamaṃ;
已对照

众生由此得清净,不由种姓或财富。

Etena maccā sujjhanti, na gottena dhanena vā.
已对照

“故有智之人观见自己的利益,

‘‘Tasmā hi paṇḍito poso, sampassaṃ atthamattano;
PTS 1.56已对照

应如理简择法,如是便于其中得清净。

Yoniso vicine dhammaṃ, evaṃ tattha visujjhati.
已对照

“唯舍利弗(Sāriputta)以慧、以戒与寂止[为最];

‘‘Sāriputtova paññāya, sīlena upasamena ca;
已对照

纵是已到彼岸的比丘,至多亦不过如此。”

Yopi pāraṅgato bhikkhu, etāvaparamo siyā’’ti.
已对照

给孤独天子说了这[话]。说了这[话]之后,礼敬世尊,右绕之后,就在那里隐没了。

Idamavoca anāthapiṇḍiko devaputto. Idaṃ vatvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyīti.
已对照

那时,那一夜过后,世尊召唤诸比丘——“诸比丘,这一夜,有某位天子在夜将尽时容色殊胜,遍照整座祇树林,来到我之处;到了之后,礼敬我,站在一旁。诸比丘,站在一旁的那位天子在我面前说了这些偈——

Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘imaṃ, bhikkhave, rattiṃ aññataro devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho, bhikkhave, so devaputto mama santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
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“这就是那祇树林,为仙人众所依止;

‘‘Idañhi taṃ jetavanaṃ, isisaṅghanisevitaṃ;
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为法王所住过,[它]令我生喜。

Āvutthaṃ dhammarājena, pītisañjananaṃ mama.
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“业与明与法,戒、最上之活命;

‘‘Kammaṃ vijjā ca dhammo ca, sīlaṃ jīvitamuttamaṃ;
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众生由此得清净,不由种姓或财富。

Etena maccā sujjhanti, na gottena dhanena vā.
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“故有智之人观见自己的利益,

‘‘Tasmā hi paṇḍito poso, sampassaṃ atthamattano;
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应如理简择法,如是便于其中得清净。

Yoniso vicine dhammaṃ, evaṃ tattha visujjhati.
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“唯舍利弗以慧、以戒与寂止[为最];

‘‘Sāriputtova paññāya, sīlena upasamena ca;
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纵是已到彼岸的比丘,至多亦不过如此。”

Yopi pāraṅgato bhikkhu, etāvaparamo siyā’’ti.
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“诸比丘,那位天子说了这[话]。说了这[话]之后,礼敬我,右绕之后,就在那里隐没了。”

‘‘Idamavoca, bhikkhave, so devaputto. Idaṃ vatvā maṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyī’’ti.
缅 1.55已对照

这样说了之后,具寿阿难(Ānanda)对世尊这样说——“尊者,那位[天子]必定就是给孤独天子。尊者,给孤独居士曾对具寿舍利弗有净信。”“善哉,善哉,阿难!阿难,凡以推理(takka)所能达到的,你都已达到了。阿难,那位天子正是给孤独[天子]。”

Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘so hi nūna, bhante, anāthapiṇḍiko devaputto bhavissati. Anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati āyasmante sāriputte abhippasanno ahosī’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, ānanda, yāvatakaṃ kho, ānanda, takkāya pattabbaṃ anuppattaṃ taṃ tayā. Anāthapiṇḍiko hi so, ānanda, devaputto’’ti.
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给孤独品第二。

Anāthapiṇḍikavaggo dutiyo.
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其摄颂——

旃地摩娑与毘瘦纽,长杖与欢喜;

旃檀那与婆薮达多,苏梵与迦俱陀;

优多罗说为第九,第十是给孤独。

Tassuddānaṃ –
Candimaso [candimāso (pī. ka.)] ca veṇḍu [veṇhu (sī. ka.)] ca, dīghalaṭṭhi ca nandano;
Candano vāsudatto ca, subrahmā kakudhena ca;
Uttaro navamo vutto, dasamo anāthapiṇḍikoti.
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三、种种外道品

3. Nānātitthiyavaggo
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一、尸婆经

1. Sivasuttaṃ
102PTS 1.57缅 1.56已对照

一百零二、如是我闻——一时,世尊住在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)祇树林(Jetavana)给孤独(Anāthapiṇḍika)园。那时,尸婆天子(Siva devaputta)在夜将尽时容色殊胜,遍照整座祇树林,来到世尊之处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,站在一旁。站在一旁的尸婆天子在世尊面前说了这些偈——

“应当只与善人共坐,应当与善人结交;

了知诸善人之正法,便更善而非更恶。

“应当只与善人共坐,应当与善人结交;

了知诸善人之正法,得慧而不从他处得。

“应当只与善人共坐,应当与善人结交;

了知诸善人之正法,处忧愁中而不忧愁。

“应当只与善人共坐,应当与善人结交;

了知诸善人之正法,于亲族中显耀。

“应当只与善人共坐,应当与善人结交;

了知诸善人之正法,众生得往善趣。

“应当只与善人共坐,应当与善人结交;

了知诸善人之正法,众生常住[安乐]。”

那时,世尊以偈回答尸婆天子——

“应当只与善人共坐,应当与善人结交;

了知诸善人之正法,便从一切苦解脱。”

102. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho sivo devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho sivo devaputto bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
‘‘Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, seyyo hoti na pāpiyo.
‘‘Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, paññā labbhati nāññato.
‘‘Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, sokamajjhe na socati.
‘‘Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, ñātimajjhe virocati.
‘‘Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, sattā gacchanti suggatiṃ.
‘‘Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, sattā tiṭṭhanti sātata’’nti.
Atha kho bhagavā sivaṃ devaputtaṃ gāthāya paccabhāsi –
‘‘Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, sabbadukkhā pamuccatī’’ti.
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二、柯马经

2. Khemasuttaṃ
103已对照

一百零三、站在一旁的柯马天子(Khema devaputta)在世尊面前说了这些偈——

103. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho khemo devaputto bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
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“愚人、劣慧者行事,犹如以自己为敌;

‘‘Caranti bālā dummedhā, amitteneva attanā;
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造作恶业,那[业]有苦涩之果。

Karontā pāpakaṃ kammaṃ, yaṃ hoti kaṭukapphalaṃ.
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“那业作了不好——作了之后[人]追悔;

‘‘Na taṃ kammaṃ kataṃ sādhu, yaṃ katvā anutappati;
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[他]泪流满面、哭泣着,领受它的异熟。

Yassa assumukho rodaṃ, vipākaṃ paṭisevati.
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“那业作了是好——作了之后[人]不追悔;

‘‘Tañca kammaṃ kataṃ sādhu, yaṃ katvā nānutappati;
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[他]欢喜、悦意,领受它的异熟。

Yassa patīto sumano, vipākaṃ paṭisevati.
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“应当预先就做那知道对自己有益的[事];

‘‘Paṭikacceva [paṭigacceva (sī.)] taṃ kayirā, yaṃ jaññā hitamattano;
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坚固者不[作]车夫之思,应以慧而勤勉。

Na sākaṭikacintāya, mantā dhīro parakkame.
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“犹如车夫舍弃平滑、平坦的大道,

‘‘Yathā sākaṭiko maṭṭhaṃ [panthaṃ (sī.), pasatthaṃ (syā. kaṃ.)], samaṃ hitvā mahāpathaṃ;
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登上崎岖之路,轴断了,便[深深]忧思。

Visamaṃ maggamāruyha, akkhacchinnova jhāyati.
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“同样,[人]背离法、随顺非法,

‘‘Evaṃ dhammā apakkamma, adhammamanuvattiya;
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迟钝者到了死亡之口,如轴断[的车夫]般忧思。”

Mando maccumukhaṃ patto, akkhacchinnova jhāyatī’’ti.
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三、施利经

3. Serīsuttaṃ
104已对照

一百零四、站在一旁的施利天子(Serī devaputta)以偈对世尊说——

104. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho serī devaputto bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
缅 1.57已对照

“食(anna)正是人与天两者所欣求的;

‘‘Annamevābhinandanti, ubhaye devamānusā;
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那么,有什么夜叉(yakkha)不欣求食呢?”

Atha ko nāma so yakkho, yaṃ annaṃ nābhinandatī’’ti.
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“凡以信、以净信之心施与它者,

‘‘Ye naṃ dadanti saddhāya, vippasannena cetasā;
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那食正亲附于他,于此世与他世。

Tameva annaṃ bhajati, asmiṃ loke paramhi ca.
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“故应调除悭吝,胜诸垢者应行布施;

‘‘Tasmā vineyya maccheraṃ, dajjā dānaṃ malābhibhū;
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诸福在他世,是众生的依止处。”

Puññāni paralokasmiṃ, patiṭṭhā honti pāṇina’’nti.
PTS 1.58已对照

“稀有啊,尊者!未曾有啊,尊者!尊者,世尊所说的这[话]是何等善说——

‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāvasubhāsitamidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā –
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“凡以信、以净信之心施与它者,

‘‘Ye naṃ dadanti saddhāya, vippasannena cetasā;
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那食正亲附于他,于此世与他世。

Tameva annaṃ bhajati, asmiṃ loke paramhi ca.
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“故应调除悭吝,胜诸垢者应行布施;

‘‘Tasmā vineyya maccheraṃ, dajjā dānaṃ malābhibhū;
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诸福在他世,是众生的依止处。”

Puññāni paralokasmiṃ, patiṭṭhā honti pāṇina’’nti.
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“尊者,从前我曾是名叫施利(Sirī)的国王,是施与者(dāyaka)、布施主(dānapati)、称赞布施者。尊者,我的布施在四门施行——[施与]沙门、婆罗门、贫者、旅人、游乞者、乞求者。尊者,那时后宫来到我[这里],这样说:‘陛下的布施在施行;我们的布施却不施行。善哉,愿我们也依靠陛下而行诸布施、作诸福德。’尊者,那时我这样想——‘我是施与者、布施主、称赞布施者。对说要布施的[她们],我能说什么呢?’尊者,于是我把第一门给了后宫。在那里,后宫的布施得以施行;我的布施则退回了。

‘‘Bhūtapubbāhaṃ, bhante, sirī [serī (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] nāma rājā ahosiṃ dāyako dānapati dānassa vaṇṇavādī. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, catūsu dvāresu dānaṃ dīyittha samaṇa-brāhmaṇa-kapaṇaddhika-vanibbakayācakānaṃ. Atha kho maṃ, bhante, itthāgāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca [itthāgārā upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ (ka.)] – ‘devassa kho [devasseva kho (ka. sī.)] dānaṃ dīyati; amhākaṃ dānaṃ na dīyati. Sādhu mayampi devaṃ nissāya dānāni dadeyyāma, puññāni kareyyāmā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘ahaṃ khosmi dāyako dānapati dānassa vaṇṇavādī. Dānaṃ dassāmāti vadante kinti vadeyya’nti? So khvāhaṃ, bhante, paṭhamaṃ dvāraṃ itthāgārassa adāsiṃ. Tattha itthāgārassa dānaṃ dīyittha; mama dānaṃ paṭikkami.
缅 1.58已对照

“尊者,那时附从的刹帝利们来到我[这里],这样说:‘陛下的布施在施行;后宫的布施在施行;我们的布施却不施行。善哉,愿我们也依靠陛下而行诸布施、作诸福德。’尊者,那时我这样想——‘我是施与者、布施主、称赞布施者。对说要布施的[他们],我能说什么呢?’尊者,于是我把第二门给了附从的刹帝利们。在那里,附从的刹帝利们的布施得以施行;我的布施则退回了。

‘‘Atha kho maṃ, bhante, khattiyā anuyantā upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ – ‘devassa kho dānaṃ dīyati; itthāgārassa dānaṃ dīyati; amhākaṃ dānaṃ na dīyati. Sādhu mayampi devaṃ nissāya dānāni dadeyyāma, puññāni kareyyāmā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘ahaṃ khosmi dāyako dānapati dānassa vaṇṇavādī. Dānaṃ dassāmāti vadante kinti vadeyya’nti? So khvāhaṃ, bhante, dutiyaṃ dvāraṃ khattiyānaṃ anuyantānaṃ adāsiṃ. Tattha khattiyānaṃ anuyantānaṃ dānaṃ dīyittha, mama dānaṃ paṭikkami.
PTS 1.59已对照

“尊者,那时军队来到我[这里],这样说:‘陛下的布施在施行;后宫的布施在施行;附从的刹帝利们的布施在施行;我们的布施却不施行。善哉,愿我们也依靠陛下而行诸布施、作诸福德。’尊者,那时我这样想——‘我是施与者、布施主、称赞布施者。对说要布施的[他们],我能说什么呢?’尊者,于是我把第三门给了军队。在那里,军队的布施得以施行;我的布施则退回了。

‘‘Atha kho maṃ, bhante, balakāyo upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘devassa kho dānaṃ dīyati; itthāgārassa dānaṃ dīyati; khattiyānaṃ anuyantānaṃ dānaṃ dīyati; amhākaṃ dānaṃ na dīyati. Sādhu mayampi devaṃ nissāya dānāni dadeyyāma, puññāni kareyyāmā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘ahaṃ khosmi dāyako dānapati dānassa vaṇṇavādī. Dānaṃ dassāmāti vadante kinti vadeyya’nti? So khvāhaṃ bhante, tatiyaṃ dvāraṃ balakāyassa adāsiṃ. Tattha balakāyassa dānaṃ dīyittha, mama dānaṃ paṭikkami.
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“尊者,那时婆罗门居士们来到我[这里],这样说:‘陛下的布施在施行;后宫的布施在施行;附从的刹帝利们的布施在施行;军队的布施在施行;我们的布施却不施行。善哉,愿我们也依靠陛下而行诸布施、作诸福德。’尊者,那时我这样想——‘我是施与者、布施主、称赞布施者。对说要布施的[他们],我能说什么呢?’尊者,于是我把第四门给了婆罗门居士们。在那里,婆罗门居士们的布施得以施行;我的布施则退回了。

‘‘Atha kho maṃ, bhante, brāhmaṇagahapatikā upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ – ‘devassa kho dānaṃ dīyati; itthāgārassa dānaṃ dīyati; khattiyānaṃ anuyantānaṃ dānaṃ dīyati; balakāyassa dānaṃ dīyati; amhākaṃ dānaṃ na dīyati. Sādhu mayampi devaṃ nissāya dānāni dadeyyāma, puññāni kareyyāmā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘ahaṃ khosmi dāyako dānapati dānassa vaṇṇavādī. Dānaṃ dassāmāti vadante kinti vadeyya’nti? So khvāhaṃ, bhante, catutthaṃ dvāraṃ brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṃ adāsiṃ. Tattha brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṃ dānaṃ dīyittha, mama dānaṃ paṭikkami.
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“尊者,那时人们来到我[这里],这样说:‘如今陛下的布施在任何[地方]都不施行了。’尊者,被这样说了之后,我对那些人这样说:‘那么,喂,外地诸地方所生的收入,从中[取]一半送入内宫,一半就在那里施与沙门、婆罗门、贫者、旅人、游乞者、乞求者。’尊者,我对如此长久所作的诸福、如此长久所作的诸善法,找不到[它们的]边际——‘福有这么多’,或‘福的异熟有这么多’,或‘应在天界住这么久’。稀有啊,尊者!未曾有啊,尊者!尊者,世尊所说的这[话]是何等善说——

‘‘Atha kho maṃ, bhante, purisā upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ – ‘na kho dāni devassa koci dānaṃ dīyatī’ti. Evaṃ vuttāhaṃ, bhante, te purise etadavocaṃ – ‘tena hi, bhaṇe, yo bāhiresu janapadesu āyo sañjāyati tato upaḍḍhaṃ antepure pavesetha, upaḍḍhaṃ tattheva dānaṃ detha samaṇa-brāhmaṇa-kapaṇaddhika-vanibbaka-yācakāna’nti. So khvāhaṃ, bhante, evaṃ dīgharattaṃ katānaṃ puññānaṃ evaṃ dīgharattaṃ katānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pariyantaṃ nādhigacchāmi – ettakaṃ puññanti vā ettako puññavipākoti vā ettakaṃ sagge ṭhātabbanti vāti. Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāvasubhāsitamidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā –
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“凡以信、以净信之心施与它者,

‘‘Ye naṃ dadanti saddhāya, vippasannena cetasā;
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那食正亲附于他,于此世与他世。

Tameva annaṃ bhajati, asmiṃ loke paramhi ca.
已对照

“故应调除悭吝,胜诸垢者应行布施;

‘‘Tasmā vineyya maccheraṃ, dajjā dānaṃ malābhibhū;
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诸福在他世,是众生的依止处。”

Puññāni paralokasmiṃ, patiṭṭhā honti pāṇina’’nti.
已对照

四、伽提伽罗经

4. Ghaṭīkārasuttaṃ
105PTS 1.60缅 1.59已对照

一百零五、站在一旁的伽提伽罗天子(Ghaṭīkāra devaputta)在世尊面前说了这首偈——

105. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho ghaṭīkāro devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
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“往生无烦[天](Avihā)的七位比丘已解脱,

‘‘Avihaṃ upapannāse, vimuttā satta bhikkhavo;
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贪与瞋已遍尽,已渡世间之贪着。”

Rāgadosaparikkhīṇā, tiṇṇā loke visattika’’nti.
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“又是哪些人渡过了泥沼、极难渡的死[王]领域(maccudheyya)?

‘‘Ke ca te ataruṃ paṅkaṃ, maccudheyyaṃ suduttaraṃ;
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是哪些人舍了人身,超越了天之轭(dibbayoga)?”

Ke hitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, dibbayogaṃ upaccagu’’nti.
已对照

“优波迦(Upaka)与波罗犍陀(Palagaṇḍa),及弗迦逻娑利(Pukkusāti),此三人;

‘‘Upako palagaṇḍo [phalagaṇḍo (ka.)] ca, pukkusāti ca te tayo;
已对照

跋提耶(Bhaddiya)与骞陀提婆(Khaṇḍadeva),婆睺罗祇(Bāhuraggi)与僧耆耶(Saṅgiya);

Bhaddiyo khaṇḍadevo ca, bāhuraggi ca saṅgiyo [bāhudantī ca piṅgiyo (sī. syā.)];
已对照

他们舍了人身,超越了天之轭。”

Te hitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, dibbayogaṃ upaccagu’’nti.
已对照

“你善巧地称说他们——那些已舍魔之罥索(mārapāsa)者;

‘‘Kusalī bhāsasī tesaṃ, mārapāsappahāyinaṃ;
已对照

他们了知了谁的法,而断了有之系缚?”

Kassa te dhammamaññāya, acchiduṃ bhavabandhana’’nti.
已对照

“不异于世尊,不异于您的教法;

‘‘Na aññatra bhagavatā, nāññatra tava sāsanā;
已对照

他们了知了他的法,而断了有之系缚。

Yassa te dhammamaññāya, acchiduṃ bhavabandhanaṃ.
已对照

“于名与色无余止息之处——

‘‘Yattha nāmañca rūpañca, asesaṃ uparujjhati;
已对照

他们于此了知了那法,而断了有之系缚。”

Taṃ te dhammaṃ idhaññāya, acchiduṃ bhavabandhana’’nti.
已对照

“你所说之语甚深,难知、极难悟;

‘‘Gambhīraṃ bhāsasī vācaṃ, dubbijānaṃ sudubbudhaṃ;
已对照

你了知了谁的法,而说这样的话?”

Kassa tvaṃ dhammamaññāya, vācaṃ bhāsasi īdisa’’nti.
已对照

“我从前是陶师,在鞞迦陵伽(Vekaḷiṅga)[名叫]伽提伽罗;

‘‘Kumbhakāro pure āsiṃ, vekaḷiṅge ghaṭīkaro;
已对照

我是奉养父母者,是迦叶[佛](Kassapa)的优婆塞。

Mātāpettibharo āsiṃ, kassapassa upāsako.
已对照

“[我]离于淫欲之法,是无饵的(nirāmisa)梵行者;

‘‘Virato methunā dhammā, brahmacārī nirāmiso;
已对照

[我]曾是你的同村人,曾是你从前的朋友。

Ahuvā te sagāmeyyo, ahuvā te pure sakhā.
已对照

“正是我知道这七位已解脱的比丘,

‘‘Sohamete pajānāmi, vimutte satta bhikkhavo;
已对照

[他们]贪与瞋已遍尽,已渡世间之贪着。”

Rāgadosaparikkhīṇe, tiṇṇe loke visattika’’nti.
已对照

“房伽婆(Bhaggava),当时正如你所说;

‘‘Evametaṃ tadā āsi, yathā bhāsasi bhaggava;
已对照

[你]从前是陶师,在鞞迦陵伽[名叫]伽提伽罗。

Kumbhakāro pure āsi, vekaḷiṅge ghaṭīkaro.
缅 1.60已对照

“[你]是奉养父母者,是迦叶[佛]的优婆塞;

‘‘Mātāpettibharo āsi, kassapassa upāsako;
已对照

[你]离于淫欲之法,是无饵的梵行者;

Virato methunā dhammā, brahmacārī nirāmiso;
已对照

[你]曾是我的同村人,曾是我从前的朋友。”

Ahuvā me sagāmeyyo, ahuvā me pure sakhā’’ti.
已对照

“如是,往昔诸友有了这次相会;

‘‘Evametaṃ purāṇānaṃ, sahāyānaṃ ahu saṅgamo;
已对照

二人皆已修自[体],皆持最后之身。”

Ubhinnaṃ bhāvitattānaṃ, sarīrantimadhārina’’nti.
已对照

五、阇兜经

5. Jantusuttaṃ
106PTS 1.61已对照

一百零六、如是我闻——一时,众多比丘住在憍萨罗(Kosala)雪山(Himavanta)山侧的林野小屋,[他们]掉举、贡高、轻躁、粗口、语散乱、失念、无正知、心不得定、心散乱、诸根如俗。

106. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ sambahulā bhikkhū, kosalesu viharanti himavantapasse araññakuṭikāya uddhatā unnaḷā capalā mukharā vikiṇṇavācā muṭṭhassatino asampajānā asamāhitā vibbhantacittā pākatindriyā.
已对照

那时,阇兜天子(Jantu devaputta)正值布萨日、十五日,来到那些比丘之处;到了之后,以诸偈对那些比丘说——

Atha kho jantu devaputto tadahuposathe pannarase yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
已对照

“从前曾是安乐活命者——乔达摩的弟子诸比丘;

‘‘Sukhajīvino pure āsuṃ, bhikkhū gotamasāvakā;
已对照

无欲求地寻求钵食,无欲求地[受用]坐卧处;

Anicchā piṇḍamesanā [piṇḍamesānā (?)], anicchā sayanāsanaṃ;
已对照

了知世间的无常性,他们作了苦的终结。

Loke aniccataṃ ñatvā, dukkhassantaṃ akaṃsu te.
已对照

“[如今他们]使自己难以供养,犹如村中的小聚落主(gāmaṇika);

‘‘Dupposaṃ katvā attānaṃ, gāme gāmaṇikā viya;
已对照

吃了又吃便躺下,迷醉于他人之家。

Bhutvā bhutvā nipajjanti, parāgāresu mucchitā.
已对照

“向僧团合掌之后,我在此说的是某些人:

‘‘Saṅghassa añjaliṃ katvā, idhekacce vadāmahaṃ [vandāmahaṃ (ka.)];
已对照

他们被弃、无依怙,犹如亡者,他们正是那样。

Apaviddhā anāthā te, yathā petā tatheva te [tatheva ca (sī.)].
已对照

“凡放逸而住者,我是就他们而说的;

‘‘Ye kho pamattā viharanti, te me sandhāya bhāsitaṃ;
已对照

凡不放逸而住者,我向他们致敬。”

Ye appamattā viharanti, namo tesaṃ karomaha’’nti.
已对照

六、赤马经

6. Rohitassasuttaṃ
107PTS 1.62缅 1.61已对照

一百零七、因缘在舍卫城。站在一旁的赤马(Rohitassa)天子对世尊这样说——“尊者,在那不生、不老、不死、不消逝、不再生之处——尊者,那世间之边能否由行走而知、或见、或到达呢?”“贤友,在那不生、不老、不死、不消逝、不再生之处,我不说那世间之边可由行走而知、而见、而到达。”

“稀有啊,尊者!未曾有啊,尊者!尊者,这[话]被世尊说得多么好:‘贤友,在那不生、不老、不死、不消逝、不再生之处,我不说那世间之边可由行走而知、而见、而到达。’

“尊者,从前我是名叫赤马的仙人,是婆阇之子(bhojaputta),有神通,能行于空中。尊者,我那时有这样的速度:犹如持强弓的射手,善受学、手已练熟、已作修练(katayogga)、已习射,能以轻箭毫不费力地横穿棕榈树影而射过。尊者,我那时有这样的步之跨越:犹如从东海到西海。尊者,我那时生起了这样的希求——‘我要由行走而到达世间之边。’尊者,我具足这样的速度与这样的步之跨越,除了饮、食、咀、尝,除了大小便之事,除了除去睡眠与疲劳,寿百岁、活满百岁,行走了一百年,未到达世间之边,就在中途命终了。

“稀有啊,尊者!未曾有啊,尊者!尊者,这[话]被世尊说得多么好:‘贤友,在那不生、不老、不死、不消逝、不再生之处,我不说那世间之边可由行走而知、而见、而到达。’”

“贤友,然而我不说未到达世间之边而有苦的终结。贤友,而我正是在这一寻之量的、有想有意的身躯中,施设世间,也施设世间之集,也施设世间之灭,也施设导至世间之灭之道。

“世间之边无论何时,都不能由行走到达;

而未到达世间之边,便没有从苦的解脱。

“因此确实,那世间解、善慧者,

到达世间之边、梵行已立者;

了知世间之边的寂止者,

不盼望此世间与他世。”

107. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho rohitasso devaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yattha nu kho, bhante, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati [na jiyyati na miyyati (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] na cavati na upapajjati, sakkā nu kho so, bhante, gamanena lokassa anto ñātuṃ vā daṭṭhuṃ vā pāpuṇituṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Yattha kho, āvuso, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, nāhaṃ taṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ daṭṭheyyaṃ patteyyanti vadāmī’’ti.
‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāvasubhāsitamidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā – ‘yattha kho, āvuso, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, nāhaṃ taṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ daṭṭheyyaṃ patteyyanti vadāmī’ti.
‘‘Bhūtapubbāhaṃ, bhante, rohitasso nāma isi ahosiṃ bhojaputto iddhimā vehāsaṅgamo. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evarūpo javo ahosi; seyyathāpi nāma daḷhadhammā [daḷhadhammo (sabbattha) ṭīkā ca moggallānabyākaraṇaṃ ca oloketabbaṃ] dhanuggaho susikkhito katahattho katayoggo katūpāsano lahukena asanena appakasireneva tiriyaṃ tālacchāyaṃ atipāteyya. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evarūpo padavītihāro ahosi; seyyathāpi nāma puratthimā samuddā pacchimo samuddo. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evarūpaṃ icchāgataṃ uppajji – ‘ahaṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ pāpuṇissāmī’ti. So khvāhaṃ, bhante, evarūpena javena samannāgato evarūpena ca padavītihārena aññatreva asita-pīta-khāyita-sāyitā aññatra uccāra-passāvakammā aññatra niddākilamathapaṭivinodanā vassasatāyuko vassasatajīvī vassasataṃ gantvā appatvāva lokassa antaṃ antarāva kālaṅkato.
‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāvasubhāsitamidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā – ‘yattha kho, āvuso, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, nāhaṃ taṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ daṭṭheyyaṃ patteyyanti vadāmī’’’ti.
‘‘Na kho panāhaṃ, āvuso, appatvā lokassa antaṃ dukkhassa antakiriyaṃ vadāmi. Api ca khvāhaṃ, āvuso, imasmiṃyeva byāmamatte kaḷevare sasaññimhi samanake lokañca paññapemi lokasamudayañca lokanirodhañca lokanirodhagāminiñca paṭipadanti.
‘‘Gamanena na pattabbo, lokassanto kudācanaṃ;
Na ca appatvā lokantaṃ, dukkhā atthi pamocanaṃ.
‘‘Tasmā have lokavidū sumedho,
Lokantagū vusitabrahmacariyo;
Lokassa antaṃ samitāvi ñatvā,
Nāsīsati lokamimaṃ parañcā’’ti.
已对照

七、难陀经

7. Nandasuttaṃ
108PTS 1.63已对照

一百零八、站在一旁的难陀(Nanda)天子在世尊面前说了这首偈——

“时光流逝,诸夜催迫[人],

诸年龄之积聚渐次舍离[人];

观见死亡中这样的怖畏,

应当作能带来安乐的诸福德。”

“时光流逝,诸夜催迫[人],

诸年龄之积聚渐次舍离[人];

观见死亡中这样的怖畏,

希求寂静者应当舍弃世间之饵。”

108. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho nando devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
‘‘Accenti kālā tarayanti rattiyo,
Vayoguṇā anupubbaṃ jahanti;
Etaṃ bhayaṃ maraṇe pekkhamāno,
Puññāni kayirātha sukhāvahānī’’ti.
‘‘Accenti kālā tarayanti rattiyo,
Vayoguṇā anupubbaṃ jahanti;
Etaṃ bhayaṃ maraṇe pekkhamāno,
Lokāmisaṃ pajahe santipekkho’’ti.
已对照

八、难提毗舍罗经

8. Nandivisālasuttaṃ
109已对照

一百零九、站在一旁的难提毗舍罗(Nandivisāla)天子以偈对世尊说——

109. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho nandivisālo devaputto bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
已对照

“四轮、九门,充满[不净],为贪所结系,

‘‘Catucakkaṃ navadvāraṃ, puṇṇaṃ lobhena saṃyutaṃ;
已对照

泥所生者——大英勇者[啊],[从此]如何得以出脱?”

Paṅkajātaṃ mahāvīra, kathaṃ yātrā bhavissatī’’ti.
已对照

“斩断韁索与皮索,[斩断]欲求与邪恶之贪,

‘‘Chetvā naddhiṃ varattañca, icchālobhañca pāpakaṃ;
已对照

拔除连根之渴爱,如是便得以出脱。”

Samūlaṃ taṇhamabbuyha, evaṃ yātrā bhavissatī’’ti.
已对照

九、须深经

9. Susimasuttaṃ
110PTS 1.64缅 1.63已对照

一百一十、因缘在舍卫城。那时,具寿阿难来到世尊之处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的具寿阿难这样说——“阿难,你也喜欢舍利弗吗?”

“尊者,有哪一位不愚、不瞋恶、不痴、心不颠倒的人会不喜欢具寿舍利弗呢?尊者,具寿舍利弗是智者(paṇḍita)。尊者,具寿舍利弗是大慧者(mahāpañña)。尊者,具寿舍利弗是广慧者(puthupañña)。尊者,具寿舍利弗是喜慧者(hāsapañña)。尊者,具寿舍利弗是速慧者(javanapañña)。尊者,具寿舍利弗是利慧者(tikkhapañña)。尊者,具寿舍利弗是洞察慧者(nibbedhikapañña)。尊者,具寿舍利弗是少欲者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是知足者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是远离者(pavivitta)。尊者,具寿舍利弗是不杂处者(asaṃsaṭṭha)。尊者,具寿舍利弗是发起精进者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是能说者(vattā)。尊者,具寿舍利弗是堪受言语者(vacanakkhama)。尊者,具寿舍利弗是诘责者(codaka)。尊者,具寿舍利弗是呵责恶者(pāpagarahī)。尊者,有哪一位不愚、不瞋恶、不痴、心不颠倒的人会不喜欢具寿舍利弗呢?”

“阿难,正是这样;阿难,正是这样!阿难,有哪一位不愚、不瞋恶、不痴、心不颠倒的人会不喜欢舍利弗呢?阿难,舍利弗是智者。阿难,舍利弗是大慧者。阿难,舍利弗是广慧者。阿难,舍利弗是喜慧者。阿难,舍利弗是速慧者。阿难,舍利弗是利慧者。阿难,舍利弗是洞察慧者。阿难,舍利弗是少欲者。阿难,舍利弗是知足者。阿难,舍利弗是远离者。阿难,舍利弗是不杂处者。阿难,舍利弗是发起精进者。阿难,舍利弗是能说者。阿难,舍利弗是堪受言语者。阿难,舍利弗是诘责者。阿难,舍利弗是呵责恶者。阿难,有哪一位不愚、不瞋恶、不痴、心不颠倒的人会不喜欢舍利弗呢?”

那时,须深天子(Susima devaputta)在具寿舍利弗的称扬正被宣说时,由广大的天子众围绕,来到世尊之处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,站在一旁。站在一旁的须深天子对世尊这样说——

“世尊,正是这样;善逝,正是这样。尊者,有哪一位不愚、不瞋恶、不痴、心不颠倒的人会不喜欢具寿舍利弗呢?尊者,具寿舍利弗是智者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是大慧者,尊者,是广慧者,尊者,是喜慧者,尊者,是速慧者,尊者,是利慧者,尊者,是洞察慧者,尊者,是少欲者,尊者,是知足者,尊者,是远离者,尊者,是不杂处者,尊者,是发起精进者,尊者,是能说者,尊者,是堪受言语者,尊者,是诘责者,尊者,是呵责恶者。尊者,有哪一位不愚、不瞋恶、不痴、心不颠倒的人会不喜欢具寿舍利弗呢?

“尊者,因为我也是,无论去到哪一个天子众,都多多听到正是这样的言声——‘具寿舍利弗是智者;具寿是大慧者,具寿是广慧者,具寿是喜慧者,具寿是速慧者,具寿是利慧者,具寿是洞察慧者,具寿是少欲者,具寿是知足者,具寿是远离者,具寿是不杂处者,具寿是发起精进者,具寿是能说者,具寿是堪受言语者,具寿是诘责者,具寿舍利弗是呵责恶者。’尊者,有哪一位不愚、不瞋恶、不痴、心不颠倒的人会不喜欢具寿舍利弗呢?”

那时,须深天子的天子众在具寿舍利弗的称扬正被宣说时,心满意足、欢欣,生起喜与喜悦,显现出种种的容色光辉。

“犹如一颗琉璃宝珠(maṇi veḷuriya),美丽、纯正,有八个切面,善加琢磨,置于黄褐毛毯(paṇḍukambala)上,照耀、炽热、放光;正是如此,须深天子的天子众在具寿舍利弗的称扬正被宣说时,心满意足、欢欣,生起喜与喜悦,显现出种种的容色光辉。

“犹如一件阎浮檀金(jambonada)所制的金饰(nikkha),经熟练的锻工之子在炉口中善巧锻打,置于黄褐毛毯上,照耀、炽热、放光;正是如此,须深天子的天子众在具寿舍利弗的称扬正被宣说时,心满意足、欢欣,生起喜与喜悦,显现出种种的容色光辉。

“犹如在秋季,天高远、云已散尽时,于夜里黎明时分,太白星(osadhitārakā)照耀、炽热、放光;正是如此,须深天子的天子众在具寿舍利弗的称扬正被宣说时,心满意足、欢欣,生起喜与喜悦,显现出种种的容色光辉。

“犹如在秋季,天高远、云已散尽时,太阳升上天空,破除一切虚空中的黑暗而照耀、炽热、放光;正是如此,须深天子的天子众在具寿舍利弗的称扬正被宣说时,心满意足、欢欣,生起喜与喜悦,显现出种种的容色光辉。

那时,须深天子关于具寿舍利弗,在世尊面前说了这首偈——

“以‘智者’而著称,舍利弗是无忿者;

少欲、柔和、已调伏,为导师所称扬的仙人。”

那时,世尊关于具寿舍利弗,以偈回答须深天子——

“以‘智者’而著称,舍利弗是无忿者;

少欲、柔和、已调伏,善调伏者期待着[般涅槃之]时。”

110. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘tuyhampi no, ānanda, sāriputto ruccatī’’ti?
‘‘Kassa hi nāma, bhante, abālassa aduṭṭhassa amūḷhassa avipallatthacittassa āyasmā sāriputto na rucceyya? Paṇḍito, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Mahāpañño, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Puthupañño, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Hāsapañño [hāsupañño (sī.)], bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Javanapañño, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Tikkhapañño, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Nibbedhikapañño, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Appiccho, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Santuṭṭho, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Pavivitto, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Asaṃsaṭṭho, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Āraddhavīriyo, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Vattā, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Vacanakkhamo, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Codako, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Pāpagarahī, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Kassa hi nāma, bhante, abālassa aduṭṭhassa amūḷhassa avipallatthacittassa āyasmā sāriputto na rucceyyā’’ti?
‘‘Evametaṃ, ānanda, evametaṃ, ānanda! Kassa hi nāma, ānanda, abālassa aduṭṭhassa amūḷhassa avipallatthacittassa sāriputto na rucceyya? Paṇḍito, ānanda, sāriputto. Mahāpañño, ānanda, sāriputto. Puthupañño, ānanda, sāriputto. Hāsapañño, ānanda, sāriputto. Javanapañño, ānanda, sāriputto. Tikkhapañño, ānanda, sāriputto. Nibbedhikapañño, ānanda, sāriputto. Appiccho, ānanda, sāriputto. Santuṭṭho, ānanda, sāriputto. Pavivitto, ānanda, sāriputto. Asaṃsaṭṭho, ānanda, sāriputto. Āraddhavīriyo, ānanda, sāriputto. Vattā, ānanda, sāriputto. Vacanakkhamo, ānanda, sāriputto. Codako, ānanda, sāriputto. Pāpagarahī, ānanda, sāriputto. Kassa hi nāma, ānanda, abālassa aduṭṭhassa amūḷhassa avipallatthacittassa sāriputto na rucceyyā’’ti?
Atha kho susimo [susīmo (sī.)] devaputto āyasmato sāriputtassa vaṇṇe bhaññamāne mahatiyā devaputtaparisāya parivuto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho susimo devaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
‘‘Evametaṃ, bhagavā, evametaṃ, sugata. Kassa hi nāma, bhante, abālassa aduṭṭhassa amūḷhassa avipallatthacittassa āyasmā sāriputto na rucceyya? Paṇḍito, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Mahāpañño, bhante, puthupañño, bhante, hāsapañño, bhante, javanapañño, bhante, tikkhapañño, bhante, nibbedhikapañño, bhante, appiccho, bhante, santuṭṭho, bhante, pavivitto, bhante, asaṃsaṭṭho, bhante, āraddhavīriyo, bhante, vattā, bhante, vacanakkhamo, bhante, codako, bhante, pāpagarahī, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Kassa hi nāma, bhante, abālassa aduṭṭhassa amūḷhassa avipallatthacittassa āyasmā sāriputto na rucceyya?
‘‘Ahampi hi, bhante, yaññadeva devaputtaparisaṃ upasaṅkamiṃ, etadeva bahulaṃ saddaṃ suṇāmi – ‘paṇḍito āyasmā sāriputto; mahāpañño āyasmā, puthupañño āyasmā, hāsapañño āyasmā, javanapañño āyasmā, tikkhapañño āyasmā, nibbedhikapañño āyasmā, appiccho āyasmā, santuṭṭho āyasmā, pavivitto āyasmā, asaṃsaṭṭho āyasmā, āraddhavīriyo āyasmā, vattā āyasmā, vacanakkhamo āyasmā, codako āyasmā, pāpagarahī āyasmā sāriputto’ti. Kassa hi nāma, bhante, abālassa aduṭṭhassa amūḷhassa avipallatthacittassa āyasmā sāriputto na rucceyyā’’ti?
Atha kho susimassa devaputtassa devaputtaparisā āyasmato sāriputtassa vaṇṇe bhaññamāne attamanā pamuditā pītisomanassajātā uccāvacā vaṇṇanibhā upadaṃseti.
‘‘Seyyathāpi nāma maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato paṇḍukambale nikkhitto bhāsate ca tapate ca virocati ca; evamevaṃ susimassa devaputtassa devaputtaparisā āyasmato sāriputtassa vaṇṇe bhaññamāne attamanā pamuditā pītisomanassajātā uccāvacā vaṇṇanibhā upadaṃseti.
‘‘Seyyathāpi nāma nikkhaṃ jambonadaṃ dakkhakammāraputtaukkāmukhasukusalasampahaṭṭhaṃ paṇḍukambale nikkhittaṃ bhāsate ca tapate ca virocati ca; evamevaṃ susimassa devaputtassa devaputtaparisā āyasmato sāriputtassa vaṇṇe bhaññamāne attamanā pamuditā pītisomanassajātā uccāvacā vaṇṇanibhā upadaṃseti.
‘‘Seyyathāpi nāma saradasamaye viddhe vigatavalāhake deve rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ osadhitārakā bhāsate ca tapate ca virocati ca; evamevaṃ susimassa devaputtassa devaputtaparisā āyasmato sāriputtassa vaṇṇe bhaññamāne attamanā pamuditā pītisomanassajātā uccāvacā vaṇṇanibhā upadaṃseti.
‘‘Seyyathāpi nāma saradasamaye viddhe vigatavalāhake deve ādicco nabhaṃ abbhussakkamāno [abbhussukkamāno (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.), abbhuggamamāno (dī. ni. 2.258)] sabbaṃ ākāsagataṃ tamagataṃ abhivihacca bhāsate ca tapate ca virocati ca; evamevaṃ susimassa devaputtassa devaputtaparisā āyasmato sāriputtassa vaṇṇe bhaññamāne attamanā pamuditā pītisomanassajātā uccāvacā vaṇṇanibhā upadaṃseti.
Atha kho susimo devaputto āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ ārabbha bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
‘‘Paṇḍitoti samaññāto, sāriputto akodhano;
Appiccho sorato danto, satthuvaṇṇābhato isī’’ti.
Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ ārabbha susimaṃ devaputtaṃ gāthāya paccabhāsi –
‘‘Paṇḍitoti samaññāto, sāriputto akodhano;
Appiccho sorato danto, kālaṃ kaṅkhati sudanto’’ [kālaṃ kaṅkhati bhatako sudanto (sī.), kālaṃ kaṅkhati bhāvito sudanto (syā. kaṃ.), kālaṃ kaṅkhati bhatiko sudanto (pī.)] ti.
已对照

十、种种外道弟子经

10. Nānātitthiyasāvakasuttaṃ
111PTS 1.66缅 1.66已对照

一百一十一、如是我闻——一时,世尊住在王舍城竹林迦兰陀园。那时,有众多种种外道弟子(nānātitthiyasāvaka)天子——阿萨摩(Asama)、萨哈利(Sahali)、尼迦(Nīka)、阿俱吒迦(Ākoṭaka)、韦伽跋利(Vegabbhari)与摩那婆伽弥耶(Māṇavagāmiya)——在夜将尽时容色殊胜,遍照整座竹林,来到世尊之处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,站在一旁。站在一旁的阿萨摩天子就富兰那·迦叶(Pūraṇa Kassapa),在世尊面前说了这首偈——

“于此[世间],于截断、杀害,于殴打、损失之中,迦叶

不见有恶,或是自己的福;

他确实宣示了信赖,[这位]导师值得尊敬。”

那时,萨哈利天子就末伽梨·拘舍梨(Makkhali Gosāla),在世尊面前说了这首偈——

“以苦行厌离而善防护自身,

舍断与人争吵之语;

平等、远离有罪过[之事]、说真实语,

这样的[人]必定不造恶。”

那时,尼迦天子就尼乾陀·若提子(Nigaṇṭha Nāṭaputta),在世尊面前说了这首偈——

“厌离者、审慎的比丘,以四禁戒善防护;

宣说所见与所闻,[他]必定不会是有罪者。”

那时,阿俱吒迦天子就种种外道,在世尊面前说了这首偈——

“婆浮陀·迦旃延(Pakudhaka Kātiyāna)、尼乾陀,

以及这些末伽梨与富兰那;

徒众的导师、已得沙门性者,

他们必定不远于诸善士。”

那时,韦伽跋利天子以偈回答阿俱吒迦天子——

“卑贱的豺纵然[与狮子]同行,

野干终究不能与狮子相等;

裸形、说妄语的徒众之导师,

行为可疑,不与诸善人相类。”

那时,魔波旬附身于韦伽跋利天子之后,在世尊面前说了这首偈——

“致力于以苦行厌离,守护远离;

以及那些住着于色、欢喜天界者;

那些有死者,确实为了他世而正确地教导。”

那时,世尊知道了“这是魔波旬”之后,以偈回答魔波旬——

“凡于此[世]或于他[世]的任何色,

以及空中的光辉之色;

那牟支(Namuci)啊,它们全都为你所称赞,

如同为杀鱼而抛出的饵。”

那时,摩那婆伽弥耶天子就世尊,在世尊面前说了这些偈——

“毘富罗(Vipula)于王舍城诸[山]中,被称为山中最胜;

白[山]于雪山[诸山]中最胜,日于行于太虚者中[最胜]。

“大海于诸水聚中最胜,月于诸星宿中[最胜];

于有天的世间,佛陀被称为最上。”

111. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho sambahulā nānātitthiyasāvakā devaputtā asamo ca sahali [sahalī (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] ca nīko [niṅko (sī. pī.), niko (syā. kaṃ.)] ca ākoṭako ca vegabbhari ca [veṭambarī ca (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] māṇavagāmiyo ca abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ veḷuvanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho asamo devaputto pūraṇaṃ kassapaṃ ārabbha bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
‘‘Idha chinditamārite, hatajānīsu kassapo;
Na pāpaṃ samanupassati, puññaṃ vā pana attano;
Sa ve vissāsamācikkhi, satthā arahati mānana’’nti.
Atha kho sahali devaputto makkhaliṃ gosālaṃ ārabbha bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
‘‘Tapojigucchāya susaṃvutatto,
Vācaṃ pahāya kalahaṃ janena;
Samosavajjā virato saccavādī,
Na hi nūna tādisaṃ karoti [na ha nuna tādī pakaroti (sī. syā. kaṃ.)] pāpa’’nti.
Atha kho nīko devaputto nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ [nāthaputtaṃ (sī.)] ārabbha bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
‘‘Jegucchī nipako bhikkhu, cātuyāmasusaṃvuto;
Diṭṭhaṃ sutañca ācikkhaṃ, na hi nūna kibbisī siyā’’ti.
Atha kho ākoṭako devaputto nānātitthiye ārabbha bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
‘‘Pakudhako kātiyāno nigaṇṭho,
Ye cāpime makkhalipūraṇāse;
Gaṇassa satthāro sāmaññappattā,
Na hi nūna te sappurisehi dūre’’ti.
Atha kho vegabbhari devaputto ākoṭakaṃ devaputtaṃ gāthāya paccabhāsi –
‘‘Sahācaritena [sahāravenāpi (ka. sī.), sagāravenāpi (pī.)] chavo sigālo [siṅgālo (ka.)],
Na kotthuko sīhasamo kadāci;
Naggo musāvādī gaṇassa satthā,
Saṅkassarācāro na sataṃ sarikkho’’ti.
Atha kho māro pāpimā begabbhariṃ devaputtaṃ anvāvisitvā bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
‘‘Tapojigucchāya āyuttā, pālayaṃ pavivekiyaṃ;
Rūpe ca ye niviṭṭhāse, devalokābhinandino;
Te ve sammānusāsanti, paralokāya mātiyā’’ti.
Atha kho bhagavā, ‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’ iti viditvā, māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya paccabhāsi –
‘‘Ye keci rūpā idha vā huraṃ vā,
Ye cantalikkhasmiṃ pabhāsavaṇṇā;
Sabbeva te te namucippasatthā,
Āmisaṃva macchānaṃ vadhāya khittā’’ti.
Atha kho māṇavagāmiyo devaputto bhagavantaṃ ārabbha bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
‘‘Vipulo rājagahīyānaṃ, giriseṭṭho pavuccati;
Seto himavataṃ seṭṭho, ādicco aghagāminaṃ.
‘‘Samuddo udadhinaṃ seṭṭho, nakkhattānañca candimā [nakkhattānaṃva candimā (ka.)];
Sadevakassa lokassa, buddho aggo pavuccatī’’ti.
已对照

种种外道品第三。

Nānātitthiyavaggo tatiyo.
已对照

其摄颂——

尸婆、柯马与施利,伽提伽罗、阇兜与赤马;

难陀与难提毗舍罗,须深、种种外道——此为十[经]。

Tassuddānaṃ –
Sivo khemo ca serī ca, ghaṭī jantu ca rohito;
Nando nandivisālo ca, susimo nānātitthiyena te dasāti.
已对照

《天子相应》完毕。

Devaputtasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.