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中部第76经 · 散陀迦经 Sandakasuttaṃ

本经目录六、散陀迦经

223PTS 1.514缅 2.181已对照

六、散陀迦经

二二三、如是我闻——一时,世尊住在憍赏弥(Kosambī)瞿师罗园(Ghositārāma)。当时,游方者散陀迦(Sandaka)与约五百位游方者组成的一大群游方者众一起,住在毕勒叉窟(Pilakkhaguhā)。那时,具寿阿难于傍晚时分从静坐起身,召唤诸比丘:“来吧,贤友们,我们到天造池(Devakatasobbha)去,为了看窟。”“是,贤友。”那些比丘应诺具寿阿难。于是,具寿阿难与众多比丘一起前往天造池。当时,游方者散陀迦正与一大群游方者众坐在一起,[那众会]喧哗着,发出高声、大声,谈论着种种畜生论(tiracchānakathā)。这就是:国王论、盗贼论、大臣论、军队论、怖畏论、战争论、食物论、饮料论、衣服论、卧具论、花鬘论、香论、亲戚论、车乘论、村庄论、集镇论、城市论、国土论、女人论、勇士论、街道论、井边论、先亡论、种种论、世界起源论、海洋起源论、如此有无论。游方者散陀迦远远看见具寿阿难走来;看见后,便安顿自己的众会:“诸位请寂静,诸位请勿作声。这位沙门乔达摩的弟子沙门阿难来了。凡是住在憍赏弥的沙门乔达摩的弟子,这位沙门阿难就是其中之一。而那些具寿们喜好寂静、受寂静之调伏、称赞寂静。或许他知道这众会寂静,便会想到可以前来。”于是那些游方者就沉默了。

223. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosambiyaṃ viharati ghositārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sandako paribbājako pilakkhaguhāyaṃ paṭivasati mahatiyā paribbājakaparisāya saddhiṃ pañcamattehi paribbājakasatehi. Atha kho āyasmā ānando sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āyāmāvuso, yena devakatasobbho tenupasaṅkamissāma guhādassanāyā’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato ānandassa paccassosuṃ. Atha kho āyasmā ānando sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ yena devakatasobbho tenupasaṅkami. Tena kho pana samayena sandako paribbājako mahatiyā paribbājakaparisāya saddhiṃ nisinno hoti unnādiniyā uccāsaddamahāsaddāya anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ kathentiyā, seyyathidaṃ – rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ mahāmattakathaṃ senākathaṃ bhayakathaṃ yuddhakathaṃ annakathaṃ pānakathaṃ vatthakathaṃ sayanakathaṃ mālākathaṃ gandhakathaṃ ñātikathaṃ yānakathaṃ gāmakathaṃ nigamakathaṃ nagarakathaṃ janapadakathaṃ itthikathaṃ sūrakathaṃ visikhākathaṃ kumbhaṭṭhānakathaṃ pubbapetakathaṃ nānattakathaṃ lokakkhāyikaṃ samuddakkhāyikaṃ itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā. Addasā kho sandako paribbājako āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna sakaṃ parisaṃ saṇṭhāpesi – ‘‘appasaddā bhonto hontu, mā bhonto saddamakattha; ayaṃ samaṇassa gotamassa sāvako āgacchati samaṇo ānando. Yāvatā kho pana samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakā kosambiyaṃ paṭivasanti, ayaṃ tesaṃ aññataro samaṇo ānando. Appasaddakāmā kho pana te āyasmanto appasaddavinītā appasaddassa vaṇṇavādino; appeva nāma appasaddaṃ parisaṃ viditvā upasaṅkamitabbaṃ maññeyyā’’ti. Atha kho te paribbājakā tuṇhī ahesuṃ.
224PTS 1.515缅 2.182已对照

二二四、于是,具寿阿难前往游方者散陀迦之处。游方者散陀迦便对具寿阿难这样说——“阿难尊师请来!阿难尊师善来!阿难尊师隔了很久才作这一趟因由,即为了来到此处。请阿难尊师就座,这座位已经敷设好了。”具寿阿难便坐在敷设好的座位上。游方者散陀迦也取了一个低座,坐在一旁。具寿阿难对坐在一旁的游方者散陀迦这样说——“散陀迦,你们现在为了什么谈论而集坐在这里?你们尚未说完的谈论又是什么呢?”“阿难尊师,这个谈论且搁下吧,就是我们现在集坐所谈的这个谈论。这个谈论以后阿难尊师也不难听到。善哉,愿阿难尊师自己就自己老师的宗义说一番法语。”“那么,散陀迦,你要谛听,好好作意,我要说了。”“是的,尊师。”游方者散陀迦应诺具寿阿难。具寿阿难这样说——“散陀迦,那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊宣说了这四种非梵行住(abrahmacariyavāsa),也宣说了四种不可依恃的(anassāsika)梵行:在那里,有智之人必定不会住梵行,即使住了,也不能成就正理之法、善[法]。”“阿难尊师,那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所宣说的四种非梵行住——在那里,有智之人必定不会住梵行,即使住了,也不能成就正理之法、善[法]——是哪些呢?”

224. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena sandako paribbājako tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho sandako paribbājako āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘etu kho bhavaṃ ānando, svāgataṃ bhoto ānandassa. Cirassaṃ kho bhavaṃ ānando imaṃ pariyāyamakāsi yadidaṃ idhāgamanāya. Nisīdatu bhavaṃ ānando, idamāsanaṃ paññatta’’nti. Nisīdi kho āyasmā ānando paññatte āsane. Sandakopi kho paribbājako aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho sandakaṃ paribbājakaṃ āyasmā ānando etadavoca – ‘‘kāyanuttha, sandaka, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā, kā ca pana vo antarākathā vippakatā’’ti? ‘‘Tiṭṭhatesā, bho ānanda, kathā yāya mayaṃ etarahi kathāya sannisinnā. Nesā bhoto ānandassa kathā dullabhā bhavissati pacchāpi savanāya. Sādhu vata bhavantaṃyeva ānandaṃ paṭibhātu sake ācariyake dhammīkathā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, sandaka, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi, bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ bho’’ti kho sandako paribbājako āyasmato ānandassa paccassosi. Āyasmā ānando etadavoca – ‘‘cattārome, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena abrahmacariyavāsā akkhātā cattāri ca anassāsikāni brahmacariyāni akkhātāni, yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na vaseyya, vasanto ca [vasanto vā (sī. pī.) evamuparipi anārādhanapakkhe] nārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusala’’nti. ‘‘Katame pana te, bho ānanda, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro abrahmacariyavāsā akkhātā, yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusala’’nti?
225已对照

二二五、“散陀迦,在此,有某位导师是这样说、这样见的:‘没有布施,没有供养(yiṭṭha),没有祭祀(huta);没有善作、恶作之业的果与异熟;没有此世,没有他世;没有母,没有父;没有化生的众生;世间没有正行的、正行道的沙门、婆罗门,自己以证智证知此世与他世之后加以宣说。这个人是四大所成,死时,地归入、还入地身,水归入、还入水身,火归入、还入火身,风归入、还入风身,诸根转入虚空。人们以尸床为第五,抬着死者而去;足迹显现直到火葬场;骨头变成鸽色;祭品终归灰烬。布施是愚人的施设;凡说“有”论者,他们的话都是空虚、虚妄的戏论。愚者与智者身坏之后,断灭、消亡,死后不存在。’

225. ‘‘Idha, sandaka, ekacco satthā evaṃvādī hoti evaṃdiṭṭhi – ‘natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ, natthi hutaṃ, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, natthi ayaṃ loko, natthi paroloko, natthi mātā, natthi pitā, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammāpaṭipannā ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedenti. Cātumahābhūtiko ayaṃ puriso yadā kālaṅkaroti, pathavī pathavīkāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, āpo āpokāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, tejo tejokāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, vāyo vāyokāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, ākāsaṃ indriyāni saṅkamanti. Āsandipañcamā purisā mataṃ ādāya gacchanti, yāvāḷāhanā padāni paññāyanti. Kāpotakāni aṭṭhīni bhavanti. Bhassantā āhutiyo; dattupaññattaṃ yadidaṃ dānaṃ. Tesaṃ tucchā musā vilāpo ye keci atthikavādaṃ vadanti. Bāle ca paṇḍite ca kāyassa bhedā ucchijjanti vinassanti na honti paraṃ maraṇā’ti.
PTS 1.516缅 2.183已对照

“散陀迦,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘这位导师是这样说、这样见的——没有布施,没有供养,没有祭祀;没有善作、恶作之业的果与异熟;没有此世,没有他世;没有母,没有父;没有化生的众生;世间没有正行的、正行道的沙门、婆罗门,自己以证智证知此世与他世之后加以宣说。这个人是四大所成,死时,地归入、还入地身,水归入、还入水身,火归入、还入火身,风归入、还入风身,诸根转入虚空。人们以尸床为第五,抬着死者而去;足迹显现直到火葬场;骨头变成鸽色;祭品终归灰烬。布施是愚人的施设;凡说“有”论者,他们的话都是空虚、虚妄的戏论。愚者与智者身坏之后,断灭、消亡,死后不存在。倘若这位尊师的话是真实的,那么在这里,我未作也[等于]已作,未住也[等于]已住。在这里,我们两人完全相等,达到了相同的境地——即使我是不说“我们两人身坏之后都将断灭、将消亡、死后将不存在”的人。然而,这位尊师的裸形、剃头、蹲踞精勤、拔除须发,却是多余的;因为住于儿女拥挤之床、享用迦尸旃檀、佩戴花鬘、香、涂香、领受金银的我,也将与这位尊师有完全相同的趣处。那么,对于来世,我是知道了什么、见到了什么,才要在这位导师座下行梵行呢?’他了知‘这是非梵行住’之后,便从那梵行厌离而离去。散陀迦,这就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所宣说的第一种非梵行住:在那里,有智之人必定不会住梵行,即使住了,也不能成就正理之法、善[法]。

‘‘Tatra, sandaka, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayaṃ kho bhavaṃ satthā evaṃvādī evaṃdiṭṭhi – natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ, natthi hutaṃ, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, natthi ayaṃ loko, natthi paroloko, natthi mātā, natthi pitā, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammāpaṭipannā ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedenti. Cātumahābhūtiko ayaṃ puriso yadā kālaṅkaroti, pathavī pathavīkāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, āpo āpokāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, tejo tejokāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, vāyo vāyokāyaṃ anupeti anupagacchati, ākāsaṃ indriyāni saṅkamanti. Āsandipañcamā purisā mataṃ ādāya gacchanti, yāvāḷāhanā padāni paññāyanti. Kāpotakāni aṭṭhīni bhavanti. Bhassantā āhutiyo; dattupaññattaṃ yadidaṃ dānaṃ. Tesaṃ tucchā musā vilāpo ye keci atthikavādaṃ vadanti. Bāle ca paṇḍite ca kāyassa bhedā ucchijjanti vinassanti na honti paraṃ maraṇā’ti. Sace imassa bhoto satthuno saccaṃ vacanaṃ, akatena me ettha kataṃ, avusitena me ettha vusitaṃ. Ubhopi mayaṃ ettha samasamā sāmaññaṃ pattā, yo cāhaṃ na vadāmi ‘ubho kāyassa bhedā ucchijjissāma, vinassissāma, na bhavissāma paraṃ maraṇā’ti. Atirekaṃ kho panimassa bhoto satthuno naggiyaṃ muṇḍiyaṃ ukkuṭikappadhānaṃ kesamassulocanaṃ yohaṃ puttasambādhasayanaṃ [puttasambādhavasanaṃ (sī.)] ajjhāvasanto kāsikacandanaṃ paccanubhonto mālāgandhavilepanaṃ dhārento jātarūparajataṃ sādiyanto iminā bhotā satthārā samasamagatiko bhavissāmi. Abhisamparāyaṃ sohaṃ kiṃ jānanto kiṃ passanto imasmiṃ satthari brahmacariyaṃ carissāmi? ‘So abrahmacariyavāso aya’nti – iti viditvā tasmā brahmacariyā nibbijja pakkamati [nibbijjāpakkamati (sī.)]. Ayaṃ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena paṭhamo abrahmacariyavāso akkhāto yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
226缅 2.184已对照

二二六、“再者,散陀迦,在此,有某位导师是这样说、这样见的:‘作者与令作者,切割者与令切割者,折磨者与令折磨者,使忧愁者与令使忧愁者,使疲惫者与令使疲惫者,使战栗者与令使战栗者,杀害生命者,取不与取者,破门入室者,掠夺者,行劫独户者,拦路伏击者,与他人之妻苟合者,说虚妄语者——[这样]作时,恶并没有被造作。即使有人以边缘锋利如剃刀的轮,把这大地上的众生做成一团肉、一堆肉,也不会由此而有恶,不会有恶的临至。即使有人沿着恒河南岸前行,杀害、令杀害,切割、令切割,折磨、令折磨,也不会由此而有恶,不会有恶的临至。即使有人沿着恒河北岸前行,布施、令布施,祭祀、令祭祀,也不会由此而有福,不会有福的临至。以布施、调御、自制、说真实语,没有福,也不会有福的临至。’

226. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, sandaka, idhekacco satthā evaṃvādī hoti evaṃdiṭṭhi – ‘karoto kārayato chindato chedāpayato pacato pācāpayato socayato socāpayato kilamato kilamāpayato phandato phandāpayato pāṇamatipātayato adinnaṃ ādiyato sandhiṃ chindato nillopaṃ harato ekāgārikaṃ karoto paripanthe tiṭṭhato paradāraṃ gacchato musā bhaṇato karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ. Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento chindanto chedāpento pacanto pacāpento, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento yajanto yajāpento, natthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo. Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena natthi puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo’ti.
已对照

“散陀迦,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘这位导师是这样说、这样见的——作者与令作者,切割者与令切割者,折磨者与令折磨者,使忧愁者与令使忧愁者,使疲惫者与令使疲惫者,使战栗者与令使战栗者,杀害生命者,取不与取者,破门入室者,掠夺者,行劫独户者,拦路伏击者,与他人之妻苟合者,说虚妄语者——[这样]作时,恶并没有被造作。即使有人以边缘锋利如剃刀的轮,把这大地上的众生做成一团肉、一堆肉,也不会由此而有恶,不会有恶的临至。即使有人沿着恒河南岸前行,杀害、令杀害,切割、令切割,折磨、令折磨,也不会由此而有恶,不会有恶的临至。即使有人沿着恒河北岸前行,布施、令布施,祭祀、令祭祀,也不会由此而有福,不会有福的临至。以布施、调御、自制、说真实语,没有福,也不会有福的临至。倘若这位尊师的话是真实的,那么在这里,我未作也[等于]已作,未住也[等于]已住。在这里,我们两人完全相等,达到了相同的境地——即使我是不说“我们两人作时,恶都没有被造作”的人。然而,这位尊师的裸形、剃头、蹲踞精勤、拔除须发,却是多余的;因为住于儿女拥挤之床、享用迦尸旃檀、佩戴花鬘、香、涂香、领受金银的我,也将与这位尊师有完全相同的趣处。那么,对于来世,我是知道了什么、见到了什么,才要在这位导师座下行梵行呢?’他了知‘这是非梵行住’之后,便从那梵行厌离而离去。散陀迦,这就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所宣说的第二种非梵行住:在那里,有智之人必定不会住梵行,即使住了,也不能成就正理之法、善[法]。

‘‘Tatra, sandaka, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayaṃ kho bhavaṃ satthā evaṃvādī evaṃdiṭṭhi – karoto kārayato chindato chedāpayato pacato pācāpayato socato socāpayato kilamato kilamāpayato phandato phandāpayato pāṇamatipātayato adinnaṃ ādiyato sandhiṃ chindato nillopaṃ harato ekāgārikaṃ karoto paripanthe tiṭṭhato paradāraṃ gacchato musā bhaṇato karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento chindanto chedāpento pacanto pacāpento, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento yajanto yajāpento, natthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo. Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena natthi puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo’ti. Sace imassa bhoto satthuno saccaṃ vacanaṃ, akatena me ettha kataṃ, avusitena me ettha vusitaṃ. Ubhopi mayaṃ ettha samasamā sāmaññaṃ pattā, yo cāhaṃ na vadāmi ‘ubhinnaṃ kurutaṃ na karīyati pāpa’nti. Atirekaṃ kho panimassa bhoto satthuno naggiyaṃ muṇḍiyaṃ ukkuṭikappadhānaṃ kesamassulocanaṃ yohaṃ puttasambādhasayanaṃ ajjhāvasanto kāsikacandanaṃ paccanubhonto mālāgandhavilepanaṃ dhārento jātarūparajataṃ sādiyanto iminā bhotā satthārā samasamagatiko bhavissāmi. Abhisamparāyaṃ sohaṃ kiṃ jānanto kiṃ passanto imasmiṃ satthari brahmacariyaṃ carissāmi? ‘So abrahmacariyavāso aya’nti iti viditvā tasmā brahmacariyā nibbijja pakkamati. Ayaṃ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dutiyo abrahmacariyavāso akkhāto yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
227PTS 1.517缅 2.185已对照

二二七、“再者,散陀迦,在此,有某位导师是这样说、这样见的:‘诸众生的杂染没有因、没有缘,诸众生无因无缘而杂染;诸众生的清净没有因、没有缘,诸众生无因无缘而清净。没有力,没有精进,没有人的力量,没有人的努力。一切众生、一切生命、一切生物、一切命者都无自主、无力、无精进,由命运、际遇与本性而转变,唯在六生类中感受苦乐。’

227. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, sandaka, idhekacco satthā evaṃvādī hoti evaṃdiṭṭhi – ‘natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; ahetū appaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti; natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhanti; natthi balaṃ, natthi vīriyaṃ, natthi purisathāmo, natthi purisaparakkamo; sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṅgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti.
已对照

“散陀迦,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘这位导师是这样说、这样见的——诸众生的杂染没有因、没有缘,诸众生无因无缘而杂染;诸众生的清净没有因、没有缘,诸众生无因无缘而清净。没有力,没有精进,没有人的力量,没有人的努力。一切众生、一切生命、一切生物、一切命者都无自主、无力、无精进,由命运、际遇与本性而转变,唯在六生类中感受苦乐。倘若这位尊师的话是真实的,那么在这里,我未作也[等于]已作,未住也[等于]已住。在这里,我们两人完全相等,达到了相同的境地——即使我是不说“我们两人都将无因无缘而清净”的人。然而,这位尊师的裸形、剃头、蹲踞精勤、拔除须发,却是多余的;因为住于儿女拥挤之床、享用迦尸旃檀、佩戴花鬘、香、涂香、领受金银的我,也将与这位尊师有完全相同的趣处。那么,对于来世,我是知道了什么、见到了什么,才要在这位导师座下行梵行呢?’他了知‘这是非梵行住’之后,便从那梵行厌离而离去。散陀迦,这就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所宣说的第三种非梵行住:在那里,有智之人必定不会住梵行,即使住了,也不能成就正理之法、善[法]。

‘‘Tatra, sandaka, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayaṃ kho bhavaṃ satthā evaṃvādī evaṃdiṭṭhi – natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya, ahetū appaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Natthi hetu natthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā, ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhanti. Natthi balaṃ, natthi vīriyaṃ, natthi purisathāmo, natthi purisaparakkamo, sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṅgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti. Sace imassa bhoto satthuno saccaṃ vacanaṃ, akatena me ettha kataṃ, avusitena me ettha vusitaṃ. Ubhopi mayaṃ ettha samasamā sāmaññaṃ pattā, yo cāhaṃ na vadāmi ‘ubho ahetū appaccayā visujjhissāmā’ti. Atirekaṃ kho panimassa bhoto satthuno naggiyaṃ muṇḍiyaṃ ukkuṭikappadhānaṃ kesamassulocanaṃ yohaṃ puttasambādhasayanaṃ ajjhāvasanto kāsikacandanaṃ paccanubhonto mālāgandhavilepanaṃ dhārento jātarūparajataṃ sādiyanto iminā bhotā satthārā samasamagatiko bhavissāmi. Abhisamparāyaṃ sohaṃ kiṃ jānanto kiṃ passanto imasmiṃ satthari brahmacariyaṃ carissāmi? ‘So abrahmacariyavāso aya’nti – iti viditvā tasmā brahmacariyā nibbijja pakkamati. Ayaṃ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena tatiyo abrahmacariyavāso akkhāto yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
228PTS 1.518缅 2.186已对照

二二八、“再者,散陀迦,在此,有某位导师是这样说、这样见的:‘有这七身:非被作、非被作的种类,非被化作、亦无化作者,不生育的、如山峰般稳立的、如石柱般坚立的;它们不动摇,不变易,不互相侵害,不能给彼此[带来]乐、苦或乐与苦。哪七种呢?地身、水身、火身、风身、乐、苦,命为第七。这七身非被作、非被作的种类,非被化作、亦无化作者,不生育的、如山峰般稳立的、如石柱般坚立的;它们不动摇,不变易,不互相侵害,不能给彼此[带来]乐、苦或乐与苦。在其中没有杀者或令杀者,没有闻者或令闻者,没有识者或令识者。即使有人以锋利的刀砍断头颅,也没有任何人夺去任何人的生命,只是刀从七身之间的空隙落入而已。又有这一百四十万种为首之胎,以及六千[种]、六百[种];五百种业、五种业、三种业,业与半业;六十二种行道;六十二中劫;六生类;八人地;四千九百种活命外道;四千九百种游方者;四千九百种龙的住处;二千根;三千地狱;三十六尘界;七种有想胎,七种无想胎,七种节胎;七种天,七种人,七种鬼;七个湖;七种结节;七种悬崖,七百种悬崖;七种梦,七百种梦;八百四十万大劫——愚者与智者在这期间奔走、轮回之后,将作苦的终结。在其中并没有:“我将以此戒、禁誓、苦行或梵行,使未成熟的业成熟,或者一次次地触受已成熟的业而使之灭尽。”——这样的事是没有的。苦与乐如以斗量定,轮回已有定限;没有减损与增长,没有提升与下降。犹如线球被掷出时,只是解开着[线]滚去;同样地,愚者与智者奔走、轮回之后,将作苦的终结。’

228. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, sandaka, idhekacco satthā evaṃvādī hoti evaṃdiṭṭhi – ‘sattime kāyā akaṭā akaṭavidhā animmitā animmātā vañjhā kūṭaṭṭhā esikaṭṭhāyiṭṭhitā, te na iñjanti na vipariṇamanti na aññamaññaṃ byābādhenti nālaṃ aññamaññassa sukhāya vā dukkhāya vā sukhadukkhāya vā. Katame satta? Pathavīkāyo āpokāyo tejokāyo vāyokāyo sukhe dukkhe jīve sattame – ime sattakāyā akaṭā akaṭavidhā animmitā animmātā vañjhā kūṭaṭṭhā esikaṭṭhāyiṭṭhitā. Te na iñjanti na vipariṇamanti na aññamaññaṃ byābādhenti. Nālaṃ aññamaññassa sukhāya vā dukkhāya vā sukhadukkhāya vā. Tattha natthi hantā vā ghātetā vā sotā vā sāvetā vā viññātā vā viññāpetā vā. Yopi tiṇhena satthena sīsaṃ chindati, na koci kañci [kiñci (ka.)] jīvitā voropeti. Sattannaṃtveva kāyānamantarena satthaṃ vivaramanupatati. Cuddasa kho panimāni yonipamukhasatasahassāni saṭṭhi ca satāni cha ca satāni pañca ca kammuno satāni pañca ca kammāni tīṇi ca kammāni, kamme ca aḍḍhakamme ca, dvaṭṭhipaṭipadā, dvaṭṭhantarakappā, chaḷābhijātiyo, aṭṭha purisabhūmiyo, ekūnapaññāsa ājīvakasate, ekūnapaññāsa paribbājakasate, ekūnapaññāsa nāgāvāsasate, vīse indriyasate, tiṃse nirayasate, chattiṃsa rajodhātuyo, satta saññīgabbhā, satta asaññīgabbhā, satta nigaṇṭhigabbhā, satta devā, satta mānusā, satta pesācā, satta sarā, satta pavuṭā, satta papātā, satta papātasatāni, satta supinā, satta supinasatāni, cullāsīti [cūḷāsīti (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] mahākappino [mahākappuno (sī. pī.)] satasahassāni, yāni bāle ca paṇḍite ca sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karissanti. Tattha natthi imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā aparipakkaṃ vā kammaṃ paripācessāmi, paripakkaṃ vā kammaṃ phussa phussa byantiṃ karissāmīti. Hevaṃ natthi doṇamite sukhadukkhe pariyantakate saṃsāre, natthi hāyanavaḍḍhane, natthi ukkaṃsāvakaṃse. Seyyathāpi nāma suttaguḷe khitte nibbeṭhiyamānameva paleti, evameva bāle ca paṇḍite ca sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karissantī’ti.
缅 2.187已对照

“散陀迦,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘这位导师是这样说、这样见的——有这七身:非被作、非被作的种类,非被化作、亦无化作者,不生育的、如山峰般稳立的、如石柱般坚立的;它们不动摇,不变易,不互相侵害,不能给彼此[带来]乐、苦或乐与苦。哪七种呢?地身、水身、火身、风身、乐、苦,命为第七。这七身非被作、非被作的种类,非被化作、亦无化作者,不生育的、如山峰般稳立的、如石柱般坚立的;它们不动摇,不变易,不互相侵害,不能给彼此[带来]乐、苦或乐与苦。在其中没有杀者或令杀者,没有闻者或令闻者,没有识者或令识者。即使有人以锋利的刀砍断头颅,也没有任何人夺去任何人的生命,只是刀从七身之间的空隙落入而已。又有这一百四十万种为首之胎,以及六千[种]、六百[种];五百种业、五种业、三种业,业与半业;六十二种行道;六十二中劫;六生类;八人地;四千九百种活命外道;四千九百种游方者;四千九百种龙的住处;二千根;三千地狱;三十六尘界;七种有想胎,七种无想胎,七种节胎;七种天,七种人,七种鬼;七个湖;七种结节;七种悬崖,七百种悬崖;七种梦,七百种梦;八百四十万大劫——愚者与智者在这期间奔走、轮回之后,将作苦的终结。在其中并没有:“我将以此戒、禁誓、苦行或梵行,使未成熟的业成熟,或者一次次地触受已成熟的业而使之灭尽。”——这样的事是没有的。苦与乐如以斗量定,轮回已有定限;没有减损与增长,没有提升与下降。犹如线球被掷出时,只是解开着[线]滚去;同样地,愚者与智者奔走、轮回之后,将作苦的终结。而倘若这位尊师的话是真实的,那么在这里,我未作也[等于]已作,未住也[等于]已住。在这里,我们两人完全相等,达到了相同的境地——即使我是不说“我们两人都将奔走、轮回之后,作苦的终结”的人。然而,这位尊师的裸形、剃头、蹲踞精勤、拔除须发,却是多余的;因为住于儿女拥挤之床、享用迦尸旃檀、佩戴花鬘、香、涂香、领受金银的我,也将与这位尊师有完全相同的趣处。那么,对于来世,我是知道了什么、见到了什么,才要在这位导师座下行梵行呢?’他了知‘这是非梵行住’之后,便从那梵行厌离而离去。散陀迦,这就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所宣说的第四种非梵行住:在那里,有智之人必定不会住梵行,即使住了,也不能成就正理之法、善[法]。

‘‘Tatra, sandaka, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayaṃ kho bhavaṃ satthā evaṃvādī evaṃdiṭṭhi – sattime kāyā akaṭā akaṭavidhā animmitā animmātā vañjhā kūṭaṭṭhā esikaṭṭhāyiṭṭhitā. Te na iñjanti na vipariṇamanti na aññamaññaṃ byābādhenti. Nālaṃ aññamaññassa sukhāya vā dukkhāya vā sukhadukkhāya vā. Katame satta? Pathavīkāyo āpokāyo tejokāyo vāyokāyo sukhe dukkhe jīve sattame – ime satta kāyā akaṭā akaṭavidhā animmitā animmātā vañjhā kūṭaṭṭhā esikaṭṭhāyiṭṭhitā. Te na iñjanti na vipariṇamanti na aññamaññaṃ byābādhenti. Nālaṃ aññamaññassa sukhāya vā dukkhāya vā sukhadukkhāya vā. Tattha natthi hantā vā ghātetā vā sotā vā sāvetā vā viññātā vā viññāpetā vā. Yopi tiṇhena satthena sīsaṃ chindati, na koci kañci jīvitā voropeti. Sattannaṃtveva kāyānamantarena satthaṃ vivaramanupatati. Cuddasa kho panimāni yonipamukhasatasahassāni saṭṭhi ca satāni cha ca satāni pañca ca kammuno satāni pañca ca kammāni tīṇi ca kammāni, kamme ca aḍḍhakamme ca, dvaṭṭhipaṭipadā, dvaṭṭhantarakappā, chaḷābhijātiyo, aṭṭha purisabhūmiyo, ekūnapaññāsa ājīvakasate, ekūnapaññāsa paribbājakasate, ekūnapaññāsa nāgāvāsasate, vīse indriyasate, tiṃse nirayasate, chattiṃsa rajodhātuyo, satta saññīgabbhā, satta asaññīgabbhā, satta nigaṇṭhigabbhā, satta devā, satta mānusā, satta pesācā, satta sarā, satta pavuṭā, satta papātā, satta papātasatāni, satta supinā, satta supinasatāni, cullāsīti mahākappino satasahassāni, yāni bāle ca paṇḍite ca sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karissanti. Tattha natthi imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā aparipakkaṃ vā kammaṃ paripācessāmi, paripakkaṃ vā kammaṃ phussa phussa byantiṃ karissāmīti, hevaṃ natthi doṇamite sukhadukkhe pariyantakate saṃsāre, natthi hāyanavaḍḍhane, natthi ukkaṃsāvakaṃse. Seyyathāpi nāma suttaguḷe khitte nibbeṭhiyamānameva paleti, evameva bāle ca paṇḍite ca sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karissantī’ti. Sace pana imassa bhoto satthuno saccaṃ vacanaṃ, akatena me ettha kataṃ, avusitena me ettha vusitaṃ. Ubhopi mayaṃ ettha samasamā sāmaññaṃ pattā, yo cāhaṃ na vadāmi. ‘Ubho sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmā’ti. Atirekaṃ kho panimassa bhoto satthuno naggiyaṃ muṇḍiyaṃ ukkuṭikappadhānaṃ kesamassulocanaṃ yohaṃ puttasambādhasayanaṃ ajjhāvasanto kāsikacandanaṃ paccanubhonto mālāgandhavilepanaṃ dhārento jātarūparajataṃ sādiyanto iminā bhotā satthārā samasamagatiko bhavissāmi. Abhisamparāyaṃ sohaṃ kiṃ jānanto kiṃ passanto imasmiṃ satthari brahmacariyaṃ carissāmi? ‘So abrahmacariyavāso aya’nti – iti viditvā tasmā brahmacariyā nibbijja pakkamati. Ayaṃ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena catuttho abrahmacariyavāso akkhāto yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
PTS 1.519缅 2.188已对照

“散陀迦,这些就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所宣说的四种非梵行住:在那里,有智之人必定不会住梵行,即使住了,也不能成就正理之法、善[法]。”

‘‘Ime kho te, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro abrahmacariyavāsā akkhātā yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusala’’nti.
已对照

“阿难尊师,真是稀有!阿难尊师,真是未曾有!那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊竟把实为非梵行住的四种[住]宣说为‘非梵行住’:在那里,有智之人必定不会住梵行,即使住了,也不能成就正理之法、善[法]。阿难尊师,那么,那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所宣说的四种不可依恃的梵行——在那里,有智之人必定不会住梵行,即使住了,也不能成就正理之法、善[法]——是哪些呢?”

‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bho ānanda, abbhutaṃ, bho ānanda! Yāvañcidaṃ tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro abrahmacariyavāsāva samānā ‘abrahmacariyavāsā’ti akkhātā yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalanti. Katamāni pana tāni, bho ānanda, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāri anassāsikāni brahmacariyāni akkhātāni yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusala’’nti?
229PTS 1.520缅 2.189已对照

二二九、“散陀迦,在此,有某位导师是一切知者、一切见者,自称有无余的知见——‘我于行时、住时、睡时、醒时,知见都恒常不断地现前。’他也进入空屋,也得不到钵食,也被狗咬,也与凶暴的象相遇,也与凶暴的马相遇,也与凶暴的牛相遇,也问女人与男人的名与姓,也问村庄与市镇的名称与道路。他被问到‘这是怎么回事?’时,[答道:]‘我本该进入空屋’,所以我进入了;‘我本该得不到钵食’,所以我没有得到;‘我本该被狗咬’,所以我被咬了;‘我本该与凶暴的象相遇’,所以我相遇了;‘我本该与凶暴的马相遇’,所以我相遇了;‘我本该与凶暴的牛相遇’,所以我相遇了;‘我本该问女人与男人的名与姓’,所以我问了;‘我本该问村庄与市镇的名称与道路’,所以我问了。散陀迦,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘这位导师是一切知者、一切见者,自称有无余的知见……乃至……“本该问村庄与市镇的名称与道路”,所以他问了。’他了知‘这梵行是不可依恃的’之后,便从那梵行厌离而离去。散陀迦,这就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所宣说的第一种不可依恃的梵行:在那里,有智之人必定不会住梵行,即使住了,也不能成就正理之法、善[法]。

229. ‘‘Idha, sandaka, ekacco satthā sabbaññū sabbadassāvī aparisesaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ paṭijānāti – ‘carato ca me tiṭṭhato ca suttassa ca jāgarassa ca satataṃ samitaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ paccupaṭṭhita’nti. So suññampi agāraṃ pavisati, piṇḍampi na labhati, kukkuropi ḍaṃsati, caṇḍenapi hatthinā samāgacchati, caṇḍenapi assena samāgacchati, caṇḍenapi goṇena samāgacchati, itthiyāpi purisassapi nāmampi gottampi pucchati, gāmassapi nigamassapi nāmampi maggampi pucchati. So ‘kimida’nti puṭṭho samāno ‘suññaṃ me agāraṃ pavisitabbaṃ ahosi’, tena pāvisiṃ; ‘piṇḍampi aladdhabbaṃ ahosi’, tena nālatthaṃ; ‘kukkurena ḍaṃsitabbaṃ ahosi’, tenamhi [tena (ka.), tenāsiṃ (?)] daṭṭho; ‘caṇḍena hatthinā samāgantabbaṃ ahosi’, tena samāgamiṃ; ‘caṇḍena assena samāgantabbaṃ ahosi’, tena samāgamiṃ; ‘caṇḍena goṇena samāgantabbaṃ ahosi’, tena samāgamiṃ; ‘itthiyāpi purisassapi nāmampi gottampi pucchitabbaṃ ahosi’, tena pucchiṃ; ‘gāmassapi nigamassapi nāmampi maggampi pucchitabbaṃ ahosi’, tena pucchinti. Tatra, sandaka, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayaṃ kho bhavaṃ satthā sabbaññū sabbadassāvī aparisesaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ paṭijānāti…pe… ‘gāmassapi nigamassapi nāmampi maggampi pucchitabbaṃ ahosi, tena pucchi’nti. So ‘anassāsikaṃ idaṃ brahmacariya’nti – iti viditvā tasmā brahmacariyā nibbijja pakkamati. Idaṃ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena paṭhamaṃ anassāsikaṃ brahmacariyaṃ akkhātaṃ yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
230已对照

二三〇、“再者,散陀迦,在此,有某位导师是依传闻者、以传闻为真实者。他依传闻、依‘如是如是’的辗转相传、依藏经的完备而说法。散陀迦,而依传闻者、以传闻为真实者的导师,[他所闻的]有善闻的,也有恶闻的;有是如此的,也有是别样的。散陀迦,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘这位导师是依传闻者、以传闻为真实者,他依传闻、依“如是如是”的辗转相传、依藏经的完备而说法。而依传闻者、以传闻为真实者的导师,[他所闻的]有善闻的,也有恶闻的;有是如此的,也有是别样的。’他了知‘这梵行是不可依恃的’之后,便从那梵行厌离而离去。散陀迦,这就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所宣说的第二种不可依恃的梵行:在那里,有智之人必定不会住梵行,即使住了,也不能成就正理之法、善[法]。

230. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, sandaka, idhekacco satthā anussaviko hoti anussavasacco. So anussavena itihitihaparamparāya piṭakasampadāya dhammaṃ deseti. Anussavikassa kho pana, sandaka, satthuno anussavasaccassa sussutampi hoti dussutampi hoti tathāpi hoti aññathāpi hoti. Tatra, sandaka, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayaṃ kho bhavaṃ satthā anussaviko anussavasacco so anussavena itihitihaparamparāya piṭakasampadāya dhammaṃ deseti. Anussavikassa kho pana satthuno anussavasaccassa sussutampi hoti dussutampi hoti tathāpi hoti aññathāpi hoti’. So ‘anassāsikaṃ idaṃ brahmacariya’nti – iti viditvā tasmā brahmacariyā nibbijja pakkamati. Idaṃ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dutiyaṃ anassāsikaṃ brahmacariyaṃ akkhātaṃ yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
231已对照

二三一、“再者,散陀迦,在此,有某位导师是推理者、审察者。他宣说由推理锤炼、由审察追寻、出于自己辩才的法。散陀迦,而推理者、审察者的导师,[他所推理的]有善推理的,也有恶推理的;有是如此的,也有是别样的。散陀迦,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘这位导师是推理者、审察者,他宣说由推理锤炼、由审察追寻、出于自己辩才的法。而推理者、审察者的导师,[他所推理的]有善推理的,也有恶推理的;有是如此的,也有是别样的。’他了知‘这梵行是不可依恃的’之后,便从那梵行厌离而离去。散陀迦,这就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所宣说的第三种不可依恃的梵行:在那里,有智之人必定不会住梵行,即使住了,也不能成就正理之法、善[法]。

231. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, sandaka, idhekacco satthā takkī hoti vīmaṃsī. So takkapariyāhataṃ vīmaṃsānucaritaṃ sayaṃpaṭibhānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti. Takkissa kho pana, sandaka, satthuno vīmaṃsissa sutakkitampi hoti duttakkitampi hoti tathāpi hoti aññathāpi hoti. Tatra, sandaka, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayaṃ kho bhavaṃ satthā takkī vīmaṃsī. So takkapariyāhataṃ vīmaṃsānucaritaṃ sayaṃpaṭibhānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti. Takkissa kho pana satthuno vīmaṃsissa sutakkitampi hoti duttakkitampi hoti tathāpi hoti aññathāpi hoti’. So ‘anassāsikaṃ idaṃ brahmacariya’nti – iti viditvā tasmā brahmacariyā nibbijja pakkamati. Idaṃ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena tatiyaṃ anassāsikaṃ brahmacariyaṃ akkhātaṃ yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
232PTS 1.521缅 2.190已对照

二三二、“再者,散陀迦,在此,有某位导师迟钝、愚痴。他由于迟钝、由于愚痴,在各处被问到问题时,便陷入言语的矫乱、不死矫乱:‘我不认为“是这样”,也不认为“是如此”,也不认为“是别样”,也不认为“不是”,也不认为“并非不是”。’散陀迦,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘这位导师迟钝、愚痴。他由于迟钝、由于愚痴,在各处被问到问题时,便陷入言语的矫乱、不死矫乱——我不认为“是这样”,也不认为“是如此”,也不认为“是别样”,也不认为“不是”,也不认为“并非不是”。’他了知‘这梵行是不可依恃的’之后,便从那梵行厌离而离去。散陀迦,这就是那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所宣说的第四种不可依恃的梵行:在那里,有智之人必定不会住梵行,即使住了,也不能成就正理之法、善[法]。

232. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, sandaka, idhekacco satthā mando hoti momūho. So mandattā momūhattā tattha tattha [tathā tathā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno vācāvikkhepaṃ āpajjati amarāvikkhepaṃ – ‘evantipi [evampi (sī. pī.)] me no, tathātipi [tathāpi (sī. pī.)] me no, aññathātipi [aññathāpi (sī. pī.) ( ) sabbattha natthi] me no, notipi me no, no notipi me no’ti. Tatra, sandaka, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayaṃ kho bhavaṃ satthā mando momūho. So mandattā momūhattā tattha tattha pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno vācāvikkhepaṃ āpajjati amarāvikkhepaṃ – evantipi me no, tathātipi me no, aññathātipi me no, notipi me no, no notipi me no’ti. So ‘anassāsikaṃ idaṃ brahmacariya’nti – iti viditvā tasmā brahmacariyā nibbijja pakkamati. Idaṃ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena catutthaṃ anassāsikaṃ brahmacariyaṃ akkhātaṃ yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
已对照

“散陀迦,这些[就是]那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊所宣说的四种不可依恃的梵行:在那里,有智之人必定不会住梵行,即使住了,也不能成就正理之法、善[法]。”

‘‘Imāni kho, (tāni sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāri anassāsikāni brahmacariyāni akkhātāni yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusala’’nti.
已对照

“阿难尊师,真是稀有!阿难尊师,真是未曾有!那位知者、见者、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的世尊竟把实为不可依恃的四种梵行宣说为‘不可依恃的梵行’:在那里,有智之人必定不会住梵行,即使住了,也不能成就正理之法、善[法]。阿难尊师,那么,那位导师是说什么的、宣说什么的,以致有智之人就必定会在那里住梵行,住时也能成就正理之法、善[法]呢?”

‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bho ānanda, abbhutaṃ, bho ānanda! Yāvañcidaṃ tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāri anassāsikāneva brahmacariyāni anassāsikāni brahmacariyānīti akkhātāni yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ. So pana, bho ānanda, satthā kiṃ vādī kiṃ akkhāyī yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusala’’nti.
233PTS 1.522缅 2.191已对照

二三三、“散陀迦,于此,如来出现于世间,是阿罗汉、正等正觉者、明行具足、善逝、世间解、无上者、调御丈夫、天人导师、佛陀、世尊……乃至……他舍断这五盖——心的随烦恼、令慧羸弱者——之后,已离诸欲,离诸不善法,有寻、有伺,离生喜、乐,成就并住于初禅。散陀迦,弟子在哪一位导师[座下]证得这样广大的殊胜,有智之人就必定会在那里住梵行,住时也能成就正理之法、善[法]。

233. ‘‘Idha, sandaka, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā…pe… [vitthāro ma. ni. 2.9-10 kandarakasutte] so ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Yasmiṃ kho [yasmiṃ kho pana (syā. kaṃ. ka.)], sandaka, satthari sāvako evarūpaṃ uḷāravisesaṃ adhigacchati tattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
已对照

“再者,散陀迦,比丘寻、伺寂止……乃至……成就并住于第二禅。散陀迦,弟子在哪一位导师[座下]证得这样广大的殊胜,有智之人就必定会在那里住梵行,住时也能成就正理之法、善[法]。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, sandaka, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā…pe... dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Yasmiṃ kho, sandaka, satthari sāvako evarūpaṃ uḷāravisesaṃ adhigacchati tattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
已对照

“再者,散陀迦,比丘离喜,住于舍……乃至……成就并住于第三禅。散陀迦,弟子在哪一位导师[座下]证得这样广大的殊胜,有智之人就必定会在那里住梵行,住时也能成就正理之法、善[法]。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, sandaka, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Yasmiṃ kho, sandaka, satthari sāvako evarūpaṃ uḷāravisesaṃ adhigacchati tattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
已对照

“再者,散陀迦,比丘舍断乐……乃至……成就并住于第四禅。散陀迦,弟子在哪一位导师[座下]证得这样广大的殊胜,有智之人就必定会在那里住梵行,住时也能成就正理之法、善[法]。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, sandaka, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Yasmiṃ kho, sandaka, satthari sāvako evarūpaṃ uḷāravisesaṃ adhigacchati tattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
已对照

“当他的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于宿住随念智。他回忆起许多种宿住,即:一生、二生……乃至……如此,他回忆起具有行相、具有细节的许多种宿住。散陀迦,弟子在哪一位导师[座下]证得这样广大的殊胜,有智之人就必定会在那里住梵行,住时也能成就正理之法、善[法]。

‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Yasmiṃ kho, sandaka, satthari sāvako evarūpaṃ uḷāravisesaṃ adhigacchati tattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
缅 2.192已对照

“当他的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于众生死生智。他以清净、超人的天眼,看见众生的死亡与投生:或低贱或高贵,或美丽或丑陋,或善趣或恶趣……乃至……了知众生随业而去。散陀迦,弟子在哪一位导师[座下]证得这样广大的殊胜,有智之人就必定会在那里住梵行,住时也能成就正理之法、善[法]。

‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. Yasmiṃ kho, sandaka, satthari sāvako evarūpaṃ uḷāravisesaṃ adhigacchati tattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
已对照

“当他的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于漏尽智。他如实了知‘此是苦’,如实了知‘此是苦之集’,如实了知‘此是苦之灭’,如实了知‘此是导至苦灭之道’;如实了知‘此是诸漏’,如实了知‘此是漏之集’,如实了知‘此是漏之灭’,如实了知‘此是导至漏灭之道’。当他如此知、如此见时,心从欲漏解脱,心从有漏解脱,心从无明漏解脱;于解脱时,有‘已解脱’之智。他了知:‘生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,再无后有。’散陀迦,弟子在哪一位导师[座下]证得这样广大的殊胜,有智之人就必定会在那里住梵行,住时也能成就正理之法、善[法]。”

‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; ‘ime āsavā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ āsavasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. Yasmiṃ kho, sandaka, satthari sāvako evarūpaṃ uḷāravisesaṃ adhigacchati tattha viññū puriso sasakkaṃ brahmacariyaṃ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusala’’nti.
234PTS 1.523已对照

二三四、“阿难尊师,凡是那位阿罗汉、诸漏已尽、[梵行]已立、所作已办、重担已卸、己利已达、有结已尽、以正智解脱的比丘,他会受用诸欲吗?”“散陀迦,凡是那位阿罗汉、诸漏已尽、[梵行]已立、所作已办、重担已卸、己利已达、有结已尽、以正智解脱的比丘,他不可能违犯五种事:漏尽比丘不可能故意夺取生类之命;漏尽比丘不可能取所谓偷盗的不与之物;漏尽比丘不可能行淫欲法;漏尽比丘不可能明知而说妄语;漏尽比丘不可能像从前在家时那样积蓄而受用诸欲。散陀迦,凡是那位阿罗汉、诸漏已尽、[梵行]已立、所作已办、重担已卸、己利已达、有结已尽、以正智解脱的比丘,他不可能违犯这五种事。”

234. ‘‘Yo pana so, bho ānanda, bhikkhu arahaṃ khīṇāsavo vusitavā katakaraṇīyo ohitabhāro anuppattasadattho parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojano sammadaññā vimutto paribhuñjeyya so kāme’’ti? ‘‘Yo so, sandaka, bhikkhu arahaṃ khīṇāsavo vusitavā katakaraṇīyo ohitabhāro anuppattasadattho parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojano sammadaññā vimutto abhabbo so pañcaṭṭhānāni ajjhācarituṃ. Abhabbo khīṇāsavo bhikkhu sañcicca pāṇaṃ jīvitā voropetuṃ, abhabbo khīṇāsavo bhikkhu adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādātuṃ, abhabbo khīṇāsavo bhikkhu methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevetuṃ, abhabbo khīṇāsavo bhikkhu sampajānamusā bhāsituṃ, abhabbo khīṇāsavo bhikkhu sannidhikārakaṃ kāme paribhuñjituṃ, seyyathāpi pubbe agāriyabhūto. Yo so, sandaka, bhikkhu arahaṃ khīṇāsavo vusitavā katakaraṇīyo ohitabhāro anuppattasadattho parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojano sammadaññā vimutto abhabbo so imāni pañcaṭṭhānāni ajjhācaritu’’nti.
235缅 2.193已对照

二三五、“阿难尊师,凡是那位阿罗汉、诸漏已尽、[梵行]已立、所作已办、重担已卸、己利已达、有结已尽、以正智解脱的比丘,他于行时、住时、睡时、醒时,知见都恒常不断地现前——‘我的诸漏已尽’吗?”“那么,散陀迦,我为你作一譬喻;有些有智之人也正是依譬喻而领会所说之义的。散陀迦,犹如有人的手足已被砍断;他于行时、住时、睡时、醒时,[是恒常不断地知道‘我的手足已被砍断’呢,还是省察时才知道‘我的手足已被砍断’?”“阿难尊师,那人并不是恒常不断地知道‘我的手足已被砍断’。]然而他省察它时,便知道‘我的手足已被砍断’。”“散陀迦,正是这样,凡是那位阿罗汉、诸漏已尽、[梵行]已立、所作已办、重担已卸、己利已达、有结已尽、以正智解脱的比丘,他于行时、住时、睡时、醒时,[知见并不是恒常不断地现前——‘我的诸漏已尽’;]然而他省察它时,便知道‘我的诸漏已尽’。”

235. ‘‘Yo pana so, bho ānanda, bhikkhu arahaṃ khīṇāsavo vusitavā katakaraṇīyo ohitabhāro anuppattasadattho parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojano sammadaññā vimutto tassa carato ceva tiṭṭhato ca suttassa ca jāgarassa ca satataṃ samitaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ – ‘khīṇā me āsavā’’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi, sandaka, upamaṃ te karissāmi; upamāyapidhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānanti. Seyyathāpi, sandaka, purisassa hatthapādā chinnā; tassa carato ceva tiṭṭhato ca suttassa ca jāgarassa ca satataṃ samitaṃ (jānāti – ‘chinnā me hatthapādā’ti, udāhu paccavekkhamāno jānāti – ‘chinnā me hatthapādā’’’ti? ‘‘Na kho, bho ānanda, so puriso satataṃ samitaṃ jānāti – ‘chinnā me hatthapādā’ ti.) [(chinnāva hatthapādā,) (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] Api ca kho pana naṃ paccavekkhamāno jānāti – ‘chinnā me hatthapādā’’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, sandaka, yo so bhikkhu arahaṃ khīṇāsavo vusitavā katakaraṇīyo ohitabhāro anuppattasadattho parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojano sammadaññā vimutto tassa carato ceva tiṭṭhato ca suttassa ca jāgarassa ca satataṃ samitaṃ (ñāṇadassanaṃ na paccupaṭṭhitaṃ – ‘khīṇā me āsavā’ti;) [(khīṇāva āsavā,) (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] api ca kho pana naṃ paccavekkhamāno jānāti – ‘khīṇā me āsavā’’’ti.
236PTS 1.524已对照

二三六、“阿难尊师,在这法与律中,出离者有多少呢?”“散陀迦,不只一百,不只二百,不只三百,不只四百,不只五百,而是更多——在这法与律中的出离者。”“阿难尊师,真是稀有!阿难尊师,真是未曾有!竟然没有对自法的抬举,也没有对他法的贬抑,[只是]于[适当之]处说法,而出离者竟显现得那么多。而这些邪命外道(ājīvaka)——丧子之母的儿子们——既抬举自己,又贬抑他人,却只施设三位出离者,即:难陀·婆蹉(Nanda Vaccha)、基舍·删祇遮(Kisa Saṃkicca)、末伽梨·拘舍梨(Makkhali Gosāla)。”于是,游方者散陀迦召唤自己的众会:“诸位,你们去行[梵行]吧,在沙门乔达摩那里有梵行住。如今我们要舍弃利养、恭敬、名声,可不容易了。”就这样,游方者散陀迦遣送自己的众会去世尊座下[行]梵行。

236. ‘‘Kīvabahukā pana, bho ānanda, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye niyyātāro’’ti? ‘‘Na kho, sandaka, ekaṃyeva sataṃ na dve satāni na tīṇi satāni na cattāri satāni na pañca satāni, atha kho bhiyyova ye imasmiṃ dhammavinaye niyyātāro’’ti. ‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bho ānanda, abbhutaṃ, bho ānanda! Na ca nāma sadhammokkaṃsanā bhavissati, na paradhammavambhanā, āyatane ca dhammadesanā tāva bahukā ca niyyātāro paññāyissanti. Ime panājīvakā puttamatāya puttā attānañceva ukkaṃsenti, pare ca vambhenti tayo ceva niyyātāro paññapenti, seyyathidaṃ – nandaṃ vacchaṃ, kisaṃ saṃkiccaṃ, makkhaliṃ gosāla’’nti. Atha kho sandako paribbājako sakaṃ parisaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘carantu bhonto samaṇe gotame brahmacariyavāso. Na dāni sukaraṃ amhehi lābhasakkārasiloke pariccajitu’’nti. Iti hidaṃ sandako paribbājako sakaṃ parisaṃ uyyojesi bhagavati brahmacariyeti.
Sandakasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ.
已对照

《散陀迦经》终,[《游方者品》中之]第六[经]。