快乐巴利palinanda.cc

中部第129经 · 愚人与智者经 Bālapaṇḍitasuttaṃ

本经目录九、愚人与智者经

246PTS 3.163已对照

九、愚人与智者经

二四六、如是我闻——一时,世尊住在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)的祇树林(Jetavana)给孤独园(Anāthapiṇḍika)。在那里,世尊召唤诸比丘:“诸比丘。”“尊者。”那些比丘应诺世尊。世尊这样说——

246. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
缅 3.202已对照

“诸比丘,愚人有这三种愚人之相、愚人之征、愚人之行迹。哪三种呢?诸比丘,在此,愚人是思虑恶思者、言说恶言者、行作恶行者。诸比丘,若愚人不是思虑恶思者、言说恶言者、行作恶行者,诸智者凭什么知道他:‘这位先生是愚人、是非善士’呢?诸比丘,正因为愚人是思虑恶思者、言说恶言者、行作恶行者,所以诸智者知道他:‘这位先生是愚人、是非善士。’诸比丘,那愚人在现法中感受三种苦、忧。诸比丘,若愚人坐在会堂中,或坐在街巷中,或坐在交叉路口;而若在那里,人们谈论与之相应、与之合宜的话。诸比丘,若愚人是杀生者,是取不与者,是欲邪行者,是妄语者,是住于谷酒、花果酒[等]酒类之放逸者,诸比丘,在那[谈论]之时,愚人便这样想:‘人们所谈论的那与之相应、与之合宜的话——那些法确实存在于我[身上],我也在那些法中被见到。’诸比丘,这是愚人在现法中所感受的第一种苦、忧。

‘‘Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, bālassa bālalakkhaṇāni bālanimittāni bālāpadānāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Idha, bhikkhave, bālo duccintitacintī ca hoti dubbhāsitabhāsī ca dukkaṭakammakārī ca. No cetaṃ [no cedaṃ (saṃ. ni. 3.27-28)], bhikkhave, bālo duccintitacintī ca abhavissa dubbhāsitabhāsī ca dukkaṭakammakārī ca kena naṃ [na tena naṃ (ka.), na naṃ (?)] paṇḍitā jāneyyuṃ – ‘bālo ayaṃ bhavaṃ asappuriso’ti? Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, bālo duccintitacintī ca hoti dubbhāsitabhāsī ca dukkaṭakammakārī ca tasmā naṃ paṇḍitā jānanti – ‘bālo ayaṃ bhavaṃ asappuriso’ti. Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo tividhaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Sace, bhikkhave, bālo sabhāyaṃ vā nisinno hoti, rathikāya [rathiyāya (bahūsu)] vā nisinno hoti, siṅghāṭake vā nisinno hoti; tatra ce jano tajjaṃ tassāruppaṃ kathaṃ manteti. Sace, bhikkhave, bālo pāṇātipātī hoti, adinnādāyī hoti, kāmesumicchācārī hoti, musāvādī hoti, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī hoti, tatra, bhikkhave, bālassa evaṃ hoti – ‘yaṃ kho jano tajjaṃ tassāruppaṃ kathaṃ manteti, saṃvijjanteva te [saṃvijjante te ca (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] dhammā mayi, ahañca tesu dhammesu sandissāmī’ti. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, bālo paṭhamaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
247PTS 3.164缅 3.203已对照

二四七、“再者,诸比丘,愚人看见诸王抓住造罪的盗贼,令施以种种刑罚(kammakāraṇā)——也用鞭子打,也用藤条打,也用半截棍杖打,也砍断手,也砍断脚,也砍断手与脚,也割去耳,也割去鼻,也割去耳与鼻,也施以酸粥锅刑(bilaṅgathālika),也施以贝秃刑(saṅkhamuṇḍika),也施以罗睺口刑(rāhumukha),也施以火鬘刑(jotimālika),也施以手炬刑(hatthapajjotika),也施以草绳刑(erakavattika),也施以树皮衣刑(cīrakavāsika),也施以羚羊刑(eṇeyyaka),也施以钩肉刑(baḷisamaṃsika),也施以迦利沙槃刑(kahāpaṇika),也施以碱削刑(khārāpatacchika),也施以门闩旋转刑(palighaparivattika),也施以稻草座刑(palālapīṭhaka),也用滚烫的油浇[他],也令狗噬[他],也把[他]活着钉在桩上,也用刀砍断[他的]头。诸比丘,那时愚人便这样想:‘正是以这样的恶业为因,诸王抓住造罪的盗贼,令施以种种刑罚——也用鞭子打……乃至……也用刀砍断[他的]头;那些法确实存在于我[身上],我也在那些法中被见到。若诸王知道了我,诸王也会抓住我,令施以种种刑罚——也会用鞭子打[我]……乃至……也会把[我]活着钉在桩上,也会用刀砍断[我的]头。’诸比丘,这也是愚人在现法中所感受的第二种苦、忧。

247. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bālo passati rājāno coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārente – kasāhipi tāḷente vettehipi tāḷente addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷente hatthampi chindante pādampi chindante hatthapādampi chindante kaṇṇampi chindante nāsampi chindante kaṇṇanāsampi chindante bilaṅgathālikampi karonte saṅkhamuṇḍikampi karonte rāhumukhampi karonte jotimālikampi karonte hatthapajjotikampi karonte erakavattikampi karonte cīrakavāsikampi karonte eṇeyyakampi karonte baḷisamaṃsikampi karonte kahāpaṇikampi karonte khārāpatacchikampi [khārāpaṭicchakampi (ka.)] karonte palighaparivattikampi karonte palālapīṭhakampi [palālapiṭṭhakampi (pī.)] karonte tattenapi telena osiñcante sunakhehipi khādāpente jīvantampi sūle uttāsente asināpi sīsaṃ chindante. Tatra, bhikkhave, bālassa evaṃ hoti – ‘yathārūpānaṃ kho pāpakānaṃ kammānaṃ hetu rājāno coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārenti – kasāhipi tāḷenti…pe… asināpi sīsaṃ chindanti; saṃvijjanteva te dhammā mayi, ahañca tesu dhammesu sandissāmi. Maṃ cepi rājāno [sace mampi (ka.)] jāneyyuṃ, mampi rājāno gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kāreyyuṃ – kasāhipi tāḷeyyuṃ…pe… jīvantampi sūle uttāseyyuṃ, asināpi sīsaṃ chindeyyu’nti. Idampi, bhikkhave, bālo dutiyaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
248PTS 3.165已对照

二四八、“再者,诸比丘,当愚人坐在椅子上,或坐在床上,或躺卧在地上时,凡他先前所作的诸恶业——以身[所行]的恶行、以语[所行]的恶行、以意[所行]的恶行——那些在那时垂挂于他、悬覆于他、笼罩于他。诸比丘,犹如傍晚时诸大山峰的影子垂挂于地、悬覆于地、笼罩于地;诸比丘,正是这样,当愚人坐在椅子上,或坐在床上,或躺卧在地上时,凡他先前所作的诸恶业——以身[所行]的恶行、以语[所行]的恶行、以意[所行]的恶行——那些在那时垂挂于他、悬覆于他、笼罩于他。诸比丘,那时愚人便这样想:‘我确实未曾作美善[之事],未曾作善[业],未曾作对怖畏的救护;已作恶,已作凶暴,已作罪恶。唉,凡是未曾作美善[之事]、未曾作善[业]、未曾作对怖畏的救护,已作恶、已作凶暴、已作罪恶者的趣,我死后往那趣而去。’他忧愁、疲惫、悲泣,捶胸哭泣,陷于迷乱。诸比丘,这也是愚人在现法中所感受的第三种苦、忧。

248. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bālaṃ pīṭhasamārūḷhaṃ vā mañcasamārūḷhaṃ vā chamāyaṃ [chamāya (sī. pī.)] vā semānaṃ, yānissa pubbe pāpakāni kammāni katāni kāyena duccaritāni vācāya duccaritāni manasā duccaritāni tānissa tamhi samaye olambanti ajjholambanti abhippalambanti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahataṃ pabbatakūṭānaṃ chāyā sāyanhasamayaṃ pathaviyā olambanti ajjholambanti abhippalambanti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bālaṃ pīṭhasamārūḷhaṃ vā mañcasamārūḷhaṃ vā chamāyaṃ vā semānaṃ, yānissa pubbe pāpakāni kammāni katāni kāyena duccaritāni vācāya duccaritāni manasā duccaritāni tānissa tamhi samaye olambanti ajjholambanti abhippalambanti. Tatra, bhikkhave, bālassa evaṃ hoti – ‘akataṃ vata me kalyāṇaṃ, akataṃ kusalaṃ, akataṃ bhīruttāṇaṃ; kataṃ pāpaṃ, kataṃ luddaṃ, kataṃ kibbisaṃ. Yāvatā, bho, akatakalyāṇānaṃ akatakusalānaṃ akatabhīruttāṇānaṃ katapāpānaṃ kataluddānaṃ katakibbisānaṃ gati taṃ gatiṃ pecca gacchāmī’ti. So socati kilamati paridevati urattāḷiṃ kandati sammohaṃ āpajjati. Idampi, bhikkhave, bālo tatiyaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
已对照

“诸比丘,那愚人以身行恶行、以语行恶行、以意行恶行了,身坏命终之后,投生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。诸比丘,若有人正确地说,他应当这样说——‘一向不可喜、一向不可乐、一向不可意’;他若正确地说,正应就地狱而这样说——‘一向不可喜、一向不可乐、一向不可意。’诸比丘,地狱是如此之苦,连譬喻也不容易[作]。”

‘‘Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā vācāya duccaritaṃ caritvā manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Yaṃ kho taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘ekantaṃ aniṭṭhaṃ ekantaṃ akantaṃ ekantaṃ amanāpa’nti, nirayameva taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘ekantaṃ aniṭṭhaṃ ekantaṃ akantaṃ ekantaṃ amanāpa’nti. Yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, upamāpi [upamāhipi (sī.)] na sukarā yāva dukkhā nirayā’’ti.
249PTS 3.166缅 3.204已对照

二四九、这样说了之后,某位比丘对世尊这样说——“尊者,那么能作譬喻吗?”“比丘,能。”世尊说。“比丘,譬如[人们]捉住一个造罪的盗贼,带去给国王看:‘陛下,这是造罪的盗贼;您想给他什么刑罚,就施加那[刑罚]吧。’国王便这样说:‘去吧,诸位,上午时分以百矛击这人。’他们便在上午时分以百矛击他。于是国王在中午时分这样说:‘喂,那人怎样了?’‘陛下,他仍那样活着。’国王便这样说:‘去吧,诸位,中午时分以百矛击那人。’他们便在中午时分以百矛击他。于是国王在傍晚时分这样说:‘喂,那人怎样了?’‘陛下,他仍那样活着。’国王便这样说:‘去吧,诸位,傍晚时分以百矛击那人。’他们便在傍晚时分以百矛击他。诸比丘,你们认为怎样?那人被三百矛所击,会由此因缘而感受苦、忧吗?”“尊者,即使被一支矛所击,那人也会由此因缘而感受苦、忧,何况被三百矛所击呢?”

249. Evaṃ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sakkā pana, bhante, upamaṃ kātu’’nti? ‘‘Sakkā bhikkhū’’ti bhagavā avoca. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā rañño dasseyyuṃ – ‘ayaṃ kho, deva, coro āgucārī, imassa yaṃ icchasi taṃ daṇḍaṃ paṇehī’ti. Tamenaṃ rājā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘gacchatha, bho, imaṃ purisaṃ pubbaṇhasamayaṃ sattisatena hanathā’ti. Tamenaṃ pubbaṇhasamayaṃ sattisatena haneyyuṃ. Atha rājā majjhanhikasamayaṃ [majjhantikasamayaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. ka.), majjhantikaṃ samayaṃ (pī.)] evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ambho, kathaṃ so puriso’ti? ‘‘‘Tatheva, deva, jīvatī’ti. Tamenaṃ rājā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘gacchatha, bho, taṃ purisaṃ majjhanhikasamayaṃ sattisatena hanathā’ti. Tamenaṃ majjhanhikasamayaṃ sattisatena haneyyuṃ. Atha rājā sāyanhasamayaṃ evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ambho, kathaṃ so puriso’ti? ‘Tatheva, deva, jīvatī’ti. Tamenaṃ rājā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘gacchatha, bho, taṃ purisaṃ sāyanhasamayaṃ sattisatena hanathā’ti. Tamenaṃ sāyanhasamayaṃ sattisatena haneyyuṃ. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu so puriso tīhi sattisatehi haññamāno tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyethā’’ti? ‘‘Ekissāpi, bhante, sattiyā haññamāno so puriso tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyetha, ko pana vādo tīhi sattisatehī’’ti?
250已对照

二五〇、于是世尊拿起一块拳中可握的小石头,召唤诸比丘:“诸比丘,你们认为怎样?哪一个更大呢——我所拿起的这块拳中可握的小石头,还是雪山王?”“尊者,世尊所拿起的这块拳中可握的小石头是微少的;比起雪山王,它不及于计数,不及于分毫,不及于比较。”“诸比丘,正是这样,那人被三百矛所击而由此因缘所感受的苦、忧,比起地狱的苦,不及于计数,不及于分毫,不及于比较。”

250. Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ pāṇimattaṃ pāsāṇaṃ gahetvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamo nu kho mahantataro – yo cāyaṃ mayā paritto pāṇimatto pāsāṇo gahito, yo ca himavā pabbatarājā’’ti? ‘‘Appamattako ayaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā paritto pāṇimatto pāsāṇo gahito, himavantaṃ pabbatarājānaṃ upanidhāya saṅkhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti, upanidhampi [upanidhimpi (sī. pī.)] na upeti’’. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yaṃ so puriso tīhi sattisatehi haññamāno tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti taṃ nirayakassa dukkhassa upanidhāya saṅkhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti’’.
PTS 3.167缅 3.205已对照

“诸比丘,狱卒们对他施以名为五种系缚的刑罚:把烧红的铁钉[钉]入手中,把烧红的铁钉[钉]入另一只手中,把烧红的铁钉[钉]入脚中,把烧红的铁钉[钉]入另一只脚中,把烧红的铁钉[钉]入胸膛中央。他在那里感受苦的、剧的、粗的、辛辣的诸受;他也不会命终,直到那恶业终尽为止。诸比丘,狱卒们把他放倒,用斧头削他。他在那里感受苦的、剧的……乃至……终尽。诸比丘,狱卒们把他头下脚上地抓住,用扁斧削他。他在那里感受苦的、剧的……乃至……终尽。诸比丘,狱卒们把他套在车上,在炽燃、燃烧、赫然发光的地上来回拖拉。他在那里感受苦的、剧的……乃至……终尽。诸比丘,狱卒们使他登上又走下炽燃、燃烧、赫然发光的大炭火山。他在那里感受苦的、剧的、粗的、辛辣的诸受;他也不会命终,直到那恶业终尽为止。诸比丘,狱卒们把他头下脚上地抓住,投入烧红的、炽燃、燃烧、赫然发光的铜镬中。他在那里如泡沫翻涌般被煮。他在那里如泡沫翻涌般被煮着,时而向上,时而向下,时而横去。他在那里感受苦的、剧的、粗的、辛辣的诸受;他也不会命终,直到那恶业终尽为止。诸比丘,狱卒们把他投入大地狱。诸比丘,而那大地狱——

‘‘Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā pañcavidhabandhanaṃ nāma kammakāraṇaṃ karonti – tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ [ayokhīlaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] hatthe gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ dutiye hatthe gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ pāde gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ dutiye pāde gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ majjhe urasmiṃ gamenti. So tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṃ karoti yāva na taṃ pāpakammaṃ byantīhoti [byantihoti (pī. ka.)]. Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā saṃvesetvā kuṭhārīhi [kudhārīhi (ka.)] tacchanti. So tattha dukkhā tibbā…pe… byantīhoti. Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā uddhaṃpādaṃ adhosiraṃ gahetvā vāsīhi tacchanti. So tattha dukkhā tibbā…pe… byantīhoti. Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā rathe yojetvā ādittāya pathaviyā sampajjalitāya sajotibhūtāya [sañjotibhūtāya (syā. kaṃ. pī.)] sārentipi paccāsārentipi. So tattha dukkhā tibbā…pe… byantīhoti. Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā mahantaṃ aṅgārapabbataṃ ādittaṃ sampajjalitaṃ sajotibhūtaṃ āropentipi oropentipi. So tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṃ karoti yāva na taṃ pāpakammaṃ byantīhoti. Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā uddhaṃpādaṃ adhosiraṃ gahetvā tattāya lohakumbhiyā pakkhipanti ādittāya sampajjalitāya sajotibhūtāya. So tattha pheṇuddehakaṃ paccati. So tattha pheṇuddehakaṃ paccamāno sakimpi uddhaṃ gacchati, sakimpi adho gacchati, sakimpi tiriyaṃ gacchati. So tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṅkaroti yāva na taṃ pāpakammaṃ byantīhoti. Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā [nirayapālā punappunaṃ (ka.)] mahāniraye pakkhipanti. So kho pana, bhikkhave, mahānirayo –
已对照

“有四角、四门,按部分划分、度量;

‘‘Catukkaṇṇo catudvāro, vibhatto bhāgaso mito;
已对照

以铁墙为界,以铁覆盖于上。

Ayopākārapariyanto, ayasā paṭikujjito.
已对照

“它的地是铁所成,燃烧着,与火焰相合;

‘‘Tassa ayomayā bhūmi, jalitā tejasā yutā;
已对照

周遍一百由旬,恒常遍满而住。”

Samantā yojanasataṃ, pharitvā tiṭṭhati sabbadā’’.
已对照

“诸比丘,我能以种种方式说地狱论;诸比丘,地狱是如此之苦,以言说实难以道尽。

‘‘Anekapariyāyenapi kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayakathaṃ katheyyaṃ; yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, na sukarā akkhānena pāpuṇituṃ yāva dukkhā nirayā.
251已对照

二五一、“诸比丘,有以草为食的畜生之类的生物。它们以牙齿啃刮着吃湿的草,也[吃]干的草。诸比丘,哪些是以草为食的畜生之类的生物呢?象、马、牛、驴、山羊、鹿,以及其他任何以草为食的畜生之类的生物。诸比丘,那愚人先前于此是尝味者,于此作了诸恶业,身坏命终之后,投生于那些以草为食的众生的同伴之中。

251. ‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā tiṇabhakkhā. Te allānipi tiṇāni sukkhānipi tiṇāni dantullehakaṃ khādanti. Katame ca, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā tiṇabhakkhā? Hatthī assā goṇā gadrabhā ajā migā, ye vā panaññepi keci tiracchānagatā pāṇā tiṇabhakkhā. Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tesaṃ sattānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati ye te sattā tiṇabhakkhā.
PTS 3.168缅 3.206已对照

“诸比丘,有以粪为食的畜生之类的生物。它们远远嗅到粪的气味,就奔跑[过去]:‘我们要在这里吃,我们要在这里吃。’犹如婆罗门们因祭品的香气而奔跑[过去]:‘我们要在这里吃,我们要在这里吃。’诸比丘,正是这样,有以粪为食的畜生之类的生物,它们远远嗅到粪的气味,就奔跑[过去]:‘我们要在这里吃,我们要在这里吃。’诸比丘,哪些是以粪为食的畜生之类的生物呢?鸡、猪、狗、豺,以及其他任何以粪为食的畜生之类的生物。诸比丘,那愚人先前于此是尝味者,于此作了诸恶业,身坏命终之后,投生于那些以粪为食的众生的同伴之中。

‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā gūthabhakkhā. Te dūratova gūthagandhaṃ ghāyitvā dhāvanti – ‘ettha bhuñjissāma, ettha bhuñjissāmā’ti. Seyyathāpi nāma brāhmaṇā āhutigandhena dhāvanti – ‘ettha bhuñjissāma, ettha bhuñjissāmā’ti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, santi tiracchānagatā pāṇā gūthabhakkhā, te dūratova gūthagandhaṃ ghāyitvā dhāvanti – ‘ettha bhuñjissāma, ettha bhuñjissāmā’ti. Katame ca, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā gūthabhakkhā? Kukkuṭā sūkarā soṇā siṅgālā, ye vā panaññepi keci tiracchānagatā pāṇā gūthabhakkhā. Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tesaṃ sattānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati ye te sattā gūthabhakkhā.
已对照

“诸比丘,有在黑暗中生、在黑暗中老、在黑暗中死的畜生之类的生物。诸比丘,哪些是在黑暗中生、在黑暗中老、在黑暗中死的畜生之类的生物呢?昆虫、蛆、蚯蚓,以及其他任何在黑暗中生、在黑暗中老、在黑暗中死的畜生之类的生物。诸比丘,那愚人先前于此是尝味者,于此作了诸恶业,身坏命终之后,投生于那些在黑暗中生、在黑暗中老、在黑暗中死的众生的同伴之中。

‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā andhakāre jāyanti andhakāre jīyanti [jiyyanti (ka.)] andhakāre mīyanti [miyyanti (ka.)]. Katame ca, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā andhakāre jāyanti andhakāre jīyanti andhakāre mīyanti? Kīṭā puḷavā [paṭaṅgā (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] gaṇḍuppādā, ye vā panaññepi keci tiracchānagatā pāṇā andhakāre jāyanti andhakāre jīyanti andhakāre mīyanti. Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo, idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tesaṃ sattānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati ye te sattā andhakāre jāyanti andhakāre jīyanti andhakāre mīyanti.
已对照

“诸比丘,有在水中生、在水中老、在水中死的畜生之类的生物。诸比丘,哪些是在水中生、在水中老、在水中死的畜生之类的生物呢?鱼、龟、鳄鱼,以及其他任何在水中生、在水中老、在水中死的畜生之类的生物。诸比丘,那愚人先前于此是尝味者,于此作了诸恶业,身坏命终之后,投生于那些在水中生、在水中老、在水中死的众生的同伴之中。

‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā udakasmiṃ jāyanti udakasmiṃ jīyanti udakasmiṃ mīyanti. Katame ca, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā udakasmiṃ jāyanti udakasmiṃ jīyanti udakasmiṃ mīyanti? Macchā kacchapā susumārā, ye vā panaññepi keci tiracchānagatā pāṇā udakasmiṃ jāyanti udakasmiṃ jīyanti udakasmiṃ mīyanti. Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tesaṃ sattānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati ye te sattā udakasmiṃ jāyanti udakasmiṃ jīyanti udakasmiṃ mīyanti.
PTS 3.169缅 3.207已对照

“诸比丘,有在不净中生、在不净中老、在不净中死的畜生之类的生物。诸比丘,哪些是在不净中生、在不净中老、在不净中死的畜生之类的生物呢?诸比丘,凡在腐鱼中生、在腐鱼中老、在腐鱼中死的众生,或在腐尸中……乃至……或在腐酸粥中……或在污水池中……或在粪沟中生的,(以及其他任何在不净中生、在不净中老、在不净中死的畜生之类的生物。)诸比丘,那愚人先前于此是尝味者,于此作了诸恶业,身坏命终之后,投生于那些在不净中生、在不净中老、在不净中死的众生的同伴之中。

‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā asucismiṃ jāyanti asucismiṃ jīyanti asucismiṃ mīyanti. Katame ca, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā asucismiṃ jāyanti asucismiṃ jīyanti asucismiṃ mīyanti? Ye te, bhikkhave, sattā pūtimacche vā jāyanti pūtimacche vā jīyanti pūtimacche vā mīyanti pūtikuṇape vā…pe… pūtikummāse vā… candanikāya vā… oligalle vā jāyanti, (ye vā panaññepi keci tiracchānagatā pāṇā asucismiṃ jāyanti asucismiṃ jīyanti asucismiṃ mīyanti.) [( ) natthi sī. syā. kaṃ. pī. potthakesu] Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tesaṃ sattānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati ye te sattā asucismiṃ jāyanti asucismiṃ jīyanti asucismiṃ mīyanti.
已对照

“诸比丘,我能以种种方式说畜生胎论;诸比丘,畜生胎是如此之苦,以言说实难以道尽。

‘‘Anekapariyāyenapi kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, tiracchānayonikathaṃ katheyyaṃ; yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, na sukaraṃ akkhānena pāpuṇituṃ yāva dukkhā tiracchānayoni.
252已对照

二五二、“诸比丘,譬如有人把一个有一孔的轭投入大海。东风把它吹往西方,西风把它吹往东方,北风把它吹往南方,南风把它吹往北方。而那里有一只盲龟,它每经过一百年,浮上来一次。诸比丘,你们认为怎样?那只盲龟能把颈伸进那个有一孔的轭里吗?”(“不是的,尊者。”)“尊者,或许在某时某刻、经过漫长的时间之后[能]。”“诸比丘,那只盲龟把颈伸进那个有一孔的轭里,还更快些;诸比丘,我说一度堕入堕处的愚人[要得]人身,比这更难得。这是什么缘故呢?诸比丘,因为这里没有法行、正行、善的作为、福的作为。诸比丘,在这里通行的是互相吞食、吞食弱者。

252. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso ekacchiggalaṃ yugaṃ mahāsamudde pakkhipeyya. Tamenaṃ puratthimo vāto pacchimena saṃhareyya, pacchimo vāto puratthimena saṃhareyya, uttaro vāto dakkhiṇena saṃhareyya, dakkhiṇo vāto uttarena saṃhareyya. Tatrāssa kāṇo kacchapo, so vassasatassa vassasatassa [vassasatassa vassasahassassa vassasatasahassassa (sī.), vassasatassa (syā. kaṃ. pī.)] accayena sakiṃ ummujjeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu so kāṇo kacchapo amusmiṃ ekacchiggale yuge gīvaṃ paveseyyā’’ti? (‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.) [( ) natthi sī. pī. potthakesu] ‘‘Yadi pana [yadi nūna (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)], bhante, kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayenā’’ti. ‘‘Khippataraṃ kho so, bhikkhave, kāṇo kacchapo amusmiṃ ekacchiggale yuge gīvaṃ paveseyya, ato dullabhatarāhaṃ, bhikkhave, manussattaṃ vadāmi sakiṃ vinipātagatena bālena. Taṃ kissa hetu? Na hettha, bhikkhave, atthi dhammacariyā samacariyā kusalakiriyā puññakiriyā. Aññamaññakhādikā ettha, bhikkhave, vattati dubbalakhādikā’’.
PTS 3.170缅 3.208已对照

“诸比丘,那愚人若在某时某刻、经过漫长的时间之后来到人间,凡有那些卑下的家族——旃陀罗家、猎师家、竹匠家、车匠家或补羯娑家——他便生于那样的家族中:贫穷、饮食匮乏、生计艰难,在那里衣食难以得到。而且他丑陋、难看、矮小、多病,或瞎眼、或跛手、或驼背、或半身不遂,得不到食、饮、衣、乘、花鬘、香、涂香、卧具、住处、灯明。他以身行恶行,以语行恶行,以意行恶行。他以身行恶行、以语行恶行、以意行恶行了,身坏命终之后,投生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。

‘‘Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo sace kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayena manussattaṃ āgacchati, yāni tāni nīcakulāni – caṇḍālakulaṃ vā nesādakulaṃ vā venakulaṃ [veṇakulaṃ (sī. pī.)] vā rathakārakulaṃ vā pukkusakulaṃ vā. Tathārūpe kule paccājāyati dalidde appannapānabhojane kasiravuttike, yattha kasirena ghāsacchādo labbhati. So ca hoti dubbaṇṇo duddasiko okoṭimako bavhābādho [bahvābādho (ka.)] kāṇo vā kuṇī vā khujjo vā pakkhahato vā na lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa. So kāyena duccaritaṃ carati vācāya duccaritaṃ carati manasā duccaritaṃ carati. So kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā vācāya duccaritaṃ caritvā manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati.
已对照

“诸比丘,譬如赌徒仅以第一次的败掷,就会输掉儿子,也会输掉妻子,也会输掉全部财产,甚至进而遭受系缚。诸比丘,那赌徒仅以第一次的败掷,就输掉儿子,也输掉妻子,也输掉全部财产,甚至进而遭受系缚——这败掷是微小的。而比那更大的败掷,正是这个:那愚人以身行恶行、以语行恶行、以意行恶行了,身坏命终之后,投生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。诸比丘,这就是全然、圆满的愚人地。”

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, akkhadhutto paṭhameneva kaliggahena puttampi jīyetha, dārampi jīyetha, sabbaṃ sāpateyyampi jīyetha, uttaripi adhibandhaṃ [anubandhaṃ (sī. pī.), addhubandhaṃ (syā. kaṃ.)] nigaccheyya. Appamattako so, bhikkhave, kaliggaho yaṃ so akkhadhutto paṭhameneva kaliggahena puttampi jīyetha, dārampi jīyetha, sabbaṃ sāpateyyampi jīyetha, uttaripi adhibandhaṃ nigaccheyya. Atha kho ayameva tato mahantataro kaliggaho yaṃ so bālo kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā vācāya duccaritaṃ caritvā manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, kevalā paripūrā [kevalaparipūrā (sī. pī.) ma. ni. 1.244 pāḷiyā saṃsandetabbā] bālabhūmī’’ti.
253PTS 3.171缅 3.209已对照

二五三、“诸比丘,智者有这三种智者之相、智者之征、智者之行迹。哪三种呢?诸比丘,在此,智者是思虑善思者、言说善言者、行作善行者。诸比丘,若智者不是思虑善思者、言说善言者、行作善行者,诸智者凭什么知道他:‘这位先生是智者、是善士’呢?诸比丘,正因为智者是思虑善思者、言说善言者、行作善行者,所以诸智者知道他:‘这位先生是智者、是善士。’诸比丘,那智者在现法中感受三种乐、喜悦。诸比丘,若智者坐在会堂中,或坐在街巷中,或坐在交叉路口;而若在那里,人们谈论与之相应、与之合宜的话。诸比丘,若智者是远离杀生者,是远离不与取者,是远离欲邪行者,是远离妄语者,是远离[导致]放逸之因的谷酒、花果酒[等]酒类者,诸比丘,在那[谈论]之时,智者便这样想:‘人们所谈论的那与之相应、与之合宜的话——那些法确实存在于我[身上],我也在那些法中被见到。’诸比丘,这是智者在现法中所感受的第一种乐、喜悦。

253. ‘‘Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa paṇḍitalakkhaṇāni paṇḍitanimittāni paṇḍitāpadānāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Idha, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sucintitacintī ca hoti subhāsitabhāsī ca sukatakammakārī ca. No cetaṃ, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sucintitacintī ca abhavissa subhāsitabhāsī ca sukatakammakārī ca, kena naṃ [na tena naṃ (ka.), na naṃ (?)] paṇḍitā jāneyyuṃ – ‘paṇḍito ayaṃ bhavaṃ sappuriso’ti? Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sucintitacintī ca hoti subhāsitabhāsī ca sukatakammakārī ca tasmā naṃ paṇḍitā jānanti – ‘paṇḍito ayaṃ bhavaṃ sappuriso’ti. Sa kho so, bhikkhave, paṇḍito tividhaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Sace, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sabhāyaṃ vā nisinno hoti, rathikāya vā nisinno hoti, siṅghāṭake vā nisinno hoti; tatra ce jano tajjaṃ tassāruppaṃ kathaṃ manteti. Sace, bhikkhave, paṇḍito pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti; tatra, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa evaṃ hoti – ‘yaṃ kho jano tajjaṃ tassāruppaṃ kathaṃ manteti; saṃvijjanteva te dhammā mayi, ahañca tesu dhammesu sandissāmī’ti. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, paṇḍito paṭhamaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
254已对照

二五四、“再者,诸比丘,智者看见诸王抓住造罪的盗贼,令施以种种刑罚——也用鞭子打,也用藤条打,也用半截棍杖打,也砍断手,也砍断脚,也砍断手与脚,也割去耳,也割去鼻,也割去耳与鼻,也施以酸粥锅刑,也施以贝秃刑,也施以罗睺口刑,也施以火鬘刑,也施以手炬刑,也施以草绳刑,也施以树皮衣刑,也施以羚羊刑,也施以钩肉刑,也施以迦利沙槃刑,也施以碱削刑,也施以门闩旋转刑,也施以稻草座刑,也用滚烫的油浇[他],也令狗噬[他],也把[他]活着钉在桩上,也用刀砍断[他的]头。诸比丘,那时智者便这样想:‘正是以这样的恶业为因,诸王抓住造罪的盗贼,令施以种种刑罚——也用鞭子打,也用藤条打,也用半截棍杖打,也砍断手,也砍断脚,也砍断手与脚,也割去耳,也割去鼻,也割去耳与鼻,也施以酸粥锅刑,也施以贝秃刑,也施以罗睺口刑,也施以火鬘刑,也施以手炬刑,也施以草绳刑,也施以树皮衣刑,也施以羚羊刑,也施以钩肉刑,也施以迦利沙槃刑,也施以碱削刑,也施以门闩旋转刑,也施以稻草座刑,也用滚烫的油浇[他],也令狗噬[他],也把[他]活着钉在桩上,也用刀砍断[他的]头;那些法不存在于我[身上],我也不在那些法中被见到。’诸比丘,这也是智者在现法中所感受的第二种乐、喜悦。

254. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, paṇḍito passati rājāno coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārente – kasāhipi tāḷente vettehipi tāḷente addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷente hatthampi chindante pādampi chindante hatthapādampi chindante kaṇṇampi chindante nāsampi chindante kaṇṇanāsampi chindante bilaṅgathālikampi karonte saṅkhamuṇḍikampi karonte rāhumukhampi karonte jotimālikampi karonte hatthapajjotikampi karonte erakavattikampi karonte cīrakavāsikampi karonte eṇeyyakampi karonte balisamaṃsikampi karonte kahāpaṇikampi karonte khārāpatacchikampi karonte palighaparivattikampi karonte palālapīṭhakampi karonte tattenapi telena osiñcante sunakhehipi khādāpente jīvantampi sūle uttāsente asināpi sīsaṃ chindante. Tatra, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa evaṃ hoti – ‘yathārūpānaṃ kho pāpakānaṃ kammānaṃ hetu rājāno coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārenti kasāhipi tāḷenti, vettehipi tāḷenti, addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷenti, hatthampi chindanti, pādampi chindanti, hatthapādampi chindanti, kaṇṇampi chindanti, nāsampi chindanti, kaṇṇanāsampi chindanti, bilaṅgathālikampi karonti, saṅkhamuṇḍikampi karonti, rāhumukhampi karonti, jotimālikampi karonti, hatthapajjotikampi karonti, erakavattikampi karonti, cīrakavāsikampi karonti, eṇeyyakampi karonti, balisamaṃsikampi karonti, kahāpaṇikampi karonti, khārāpatacchikampi karonti, palighaparivattikampi karonti, palālapīṭhakampi karonti, tattenapi telena osiñcanti, sunakhehipi khādāpenti, jīvantampi sūle uttāsenti, asināpi sīsaṃ chindanti, na te dhammā mayi saṃvijjanti, ahañca na tesu dhammesu sandissāmī’ti. Idampi, bhikkhave, paṇḍito dutiyaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
255缅 3.210已对照

二五五、“再者,诸比丘,当智者坐在椅子上,或坐在床上,或躺卧在地上时,凡他先前所作的诸善业——以身[所行]的善行、以语[所行]的善行、以意[所行]的善行——那些在那时垂挂于他……乃至……诸比丘,犹如傍晚时诸大山峰的影子垂挂于地、悬覆于地、笼罩于地;诸比丘,正是这样,当智者坐在椅子上,或坐在床上,或躺卧在地上时,凡他先前所作的诸善业——以身[所行]的善行、以语[所行]的善行、以意[所行]的善行——那些在那时垂挂于他、悬覆于他、笼罩于他。诸比丘,那时智者便这样想:‘我确实未曾作恶,未曾作凶暴,未曾作罪恶;已作美善[之事],已作善[业],已作对怖畏的救护。唉,凡是未曾作恶、未曾作凶暴、未曾作罪恶,已作美善[之事]、已作善[业]、已作对怖畏的救护者的趣,我死后往那趣而去。’他不忧愁、不疲惫、不悲泣,不捶胸哭泣,不陷于迷乱。诸比丘,这也是智者在现法中所感受的第三种乐、喜悦。

255. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, paṇḍitaṃ pīṭhasamārūḷhaṃ vā mañcasamārūḷhaṃ vā chamāyaṃ vā semānaṃ, yānissa pubbe kalyāṇāni kammāni katāni kāyena sucaritāni vācāya sucaritāni manasā sucaritāni tānissa tamhi samaye olambanti…pe… seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahataṃ pabbatakūṭānaṃ chāyā sāyanhasamayaṃ pathaviyā olambanti ajjholambanti abhippalambanti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, paṇḍitaṃ pīṭhasamārūḷhaṃ vā mañcasamārūḷhaṃ vā chamāyaṃ vā semānaṃ yānissa pubbe kalyāṇāni kammāni katāni kāyena sucaritāni vācāya sucaritāni manasā sucaritāni tānissa tamhi samaye olambanti ajjholambanti abhippalambanti. Tatra, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa evaṃ hoti – ‘akataṃ vata me pāpaṃ, akataṃ luddaṃ, akataṃ kibbisaṃ; kataṃ kalyāṇaṃ, kataṃ kusalaṃ, kataṃ bhīruttāṇaṃ. Yāvatā, bho, akatapāpānaṃ akataluddānaṃ akatakibbisānaṃ katakalyāṇānaṃ katakusalānaṃ katabhīruttāṇānaṃ gati taṃ gatiṃ pecca gacchāmī’ti. So na socati, na kilamati, na paridevati, na urattāḷiṃ kandati, na sammohaṃ āpajjati. Idampi, bhikkhave, paṇḍito tatiyaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
PTS 3.172已对照

“诸比丘,那智者以身行善行、以语行善行、以意行善行了,身坏命终之后,投生于善趣、天界。诸比丘,若有人正确地说,他应当这样说——‘一向可喜、一向可乐、一向可意’;他若正确地说,正应就天界而这样说——‘一向可喜、一向可乐、一向可意。’诸比丘,天界是如此之乐,连譬喻也不容易[作]。”

‘‘Sa kho so, bhikkhave, paṇḍito kāyena sucaritaṃ caritvā vācāya sucaritaṃ caritvā manasā sucaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Yaṃ kho taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘ekantaṃ iṭṭhaṃ ekantaṃ kantaṃ ekantaṃ manāpa’nti, saggameva taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘ekantaṃ iṭṭhaṃ ekantaṃ kantaṃ ekantaṃ manāpa’nti. Yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, upamāpi na sukarā yāva sukhā saggā’’ti.
256缅 3.211已对照

二五六、这样说了之后,某位比丘对世尊这样说——“尊者,那么能作譬喻吗?”“比丘,能。”世尊说。“诸比丘,譬如转轮王具足七宝与四成就,由此因缘而感受乐、喜悦。是哪七[宝]呢?诸比丘,在此,已灌顶的刹帝利王于十五日的布萨日洗了头、持布萨、登上殊胜高楼的上层时,天的轮宝出现了:具千辐、具辋、具毂,一切行相圆满。已灌顶的刹帝利王见了它之后,这样想:‘我曾听说:“凡已灌顶的刹帝利王,于十五日的布萨日洗了头、持布萨、登上殊胜高楼的上层时,天的轮宝出现,具千辐、具辋、具毂,一切行相圆满,他便是转轮王。”那么,我会是转轮王吗?’

256. Evaṃ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sakkā pana, bhante, upamaṃ kātu’’nti? ‘‘Sakkā bhikkhū’’ti bhagavā avoca. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī sattahi ratanehi samannāgato catūhi ca iddhīhi tatonidānaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Katamehi sattahi? Idha, bhikkhave, rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa tadahuposathe pannarase sīsaṃnhātassa uposathikassa uparipāsādavaragatassa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavati sahassāraṃ sanemikaṃ sanābhikaṃ sabbākāraparipūraṃ. Taṃ disvāna rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa evaṃ hoti [etadahosi (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] – ‘sutaṃ kho pana metaṃ yassa rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa tadahuposathe pannarase sīsaṃnhātassa uposathikassa uparipāsādavaragatassa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavati sahassāraṃ sanemikaṃ sanābhikaṃ sabbākāraparipūraṃ, so hoti rājā cakkavattīti. Assaṃ nu kho ahaṃ rājā cakkavattī’’’ti?
PTS 3.173已对照

“诸比丘,于是那位已灌顶的刹帝利王左手持金瓶,右手洒[水]于轮宝之上:‘尊贵的轮宝,转起吧!尊贵的轮宝,征服[四方]吧!’诸比丘,于是那轮宝便向东方转去,转轮王与四支军一同随后而行。诸比丘,凡轮宝在哪个地方停住,转轮王便与四支军在那里住下。诸比丘,凡东方的诸敌对国王,都前往转轮王之处;到了之后这样说:‘来吧,大王!欢迎您,大王![此]是您的,大王!请教诫[我们]吧,大王!’转轮王这样说:‘不可杀生;不可不与而取;不可于诸欲上行邪行;不可说妄语;不可饮酒;就照你们向来所受用的而受用吧。’诸比丘,凡东方的诸敌对国王,都成为转轮王的附从者。

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhāvasitto vāmena hatthena bhiṅkāraṃ gahetvā dakkhiṇena hatthena cakkaratanaṃ abbhukkirati – ‘pavattatu bhavaṃ cakkaratanaṃ, abhivijinātu bhavaṃ cakkaratana’nti. Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ puratthimaṃ disaṃ pavattati. Anvadeva rājā cakkavattī saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Yasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, padese cakkaratanaṃ patiṭṭhāti tattha rājā cakkavattī vāsaṃ upeti saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, puratthimāya disāya paṭirājāno te rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu – ‘ehi kho, mahārāja! Svāgataṃ te, mahārāja [svāgataṃ mahārāja (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)]! Sakaṃ te, mahārāja! Anusāsa, mahārājā’ti. Rājā cakkavattī evamāha – ‘pāṇo na hantabbo, adinnaṃ nādātabbaṃ, kāmesumicchā na caritabbā, musā na bhāsitabbā, majjaṃ na pātabbaṃ, yathābhuttañca bhuñjathā’ti. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, puratthimāya disāya paṭirājāno te rañño cakkavattissa anuyantā [anuyuttā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] bhavanti [ahesuṃ (syā. kaṃ. ka.)].
257已对照

二五七、“诸比丘,于是那轮宝潜入东海,又出而向南方转去……乃至……潜入南海,又出而向西方转去……潜入西海,又出而向北方转去,转轮王与四支军一同随后而行。诸比丘,凡轮宝在哪个地方停住,转轮王便与四支军在那里住下。

257. ‘‘Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ puratthimaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā [ajjhogahetvā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] paccuttaritvā dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ pavattati…pe… dakkhiṇaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā pacchimaṃ disaṃ pavattati… pacchimaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā uttaraṃ disaṃ pavattati anvadeva rājā cakkavattī saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Yasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, padese cakkaratanaṃ patiṭṭhāti tattha rājā cakkavattī vāsaṃ upeti saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya.
缅 3.212已对照

“诸比丘,凡北方的诸敌对国王,都前往转轮王之处;到了之后这样说:‘来吧,大王!欢迎您,大王![此]是您的,大王!请教诫[我们]吧,大王!’转轮王这样说:‘不可杀生;不可不与而取;不可于诸欲上行邪行;不可说妄语;不可饮酒;就照你们向来所受用的而受用吧。’诸比丘,凡北方的诸敌对国王,都成为转轮王的附从者。

‘‘Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, uttarāya disāya paṭirājāno te rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu – ‘ehi kho, mahārāja! Svāgataṃ te, mahārāja! Sakaṃ te, mahārāja! Anusāsa, mahārājā’ti. Rājā cakkavattī evamāha – ‘pāṇo na hantabbo, adinnaṃ nādātabbaṃ, kāmesumicchā na caritabbā, musā na bhāsitabbā, majjaṃ na pātabbaṃ; yathābhuttañca bhuñjathā’ti. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, uttarāya disāya paṭirājāno te rañño cakkavattissa anuyantā bhavanti.
已对照

“诸比丘,于是那轮宝征服了以海为边际的大地之后,回到那个王都,在转轮王内宫之门,仿佛安在轴上一般住立,庄严着转轮王的内宫之门。诸比丘,转轮王的轮宝就是这样出现的。

‘‘Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ abhivijinitvā tameva rājadhāniṃ paccāgantvā rañño cakkavattissa antepuradvāre akkhāhataṃ maññe tiṭṭhati rañño cakkavattissa antepuradvāraṃ upasobhayamānaṃ. Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavati.
258PTS 3.174已对照

二五八、“再者,诸比丘,转轮王的象宝出现了:通体纯白,七处安立,有神变,能行于空中,是名为布萨(Uposatha)的象王。转轮王见了它,心生净信:‘诸位,这象乘实在善妙啊,若它能受调伏就好了!’诸比丘,于是那象宝就像久经善调的贤善的良种象一般,如是受了调伏。诸比丘,从前,转轮王为试验那象宝,于午前时分骑上它,巡行了以海为边际的大地,回到那个王都用了早餐。诸比丘,转轮王的象宝就是这样出现的。

258. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa hatthiratanaṃ pātubhavati – sabbaseto sattappatiṭṭho iddhimā vehāsaṅgamo uposatho nāma nāgarājā. Taṃ disvāna rañño cakkavattissa cittaṃ pasīdati – ‘bhaddakaṃ vata, bho, hatthiyānaṃ, sace damathaṃ upeyyā’ti. Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, hatthiratanaṃ seyyathāpi nāma bhaddo hatthājānīyo dīgharattaṃ suparidanto evameva damathaṃ upeti. Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī tameva hatthiratanaṃ vīmaṃsamāno pubbaṇhasamayaṃ abhiruhitvā samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ anusaṃyāyitvā tameva rājadhāniṃ paccāgantvā pātarāsamakāsi. Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ hatthiratanaṃ pātubhavati.
已对照

“再者,诸比丘,转轮王的马宝出现了:通体纯白,头黑,鬃如文阇草(muñja),有神变,能行于空中,是名为云马(Valāhaka)的马王。转轮王见了它,心生净信:‘诸位,这马乘实在善妙啊,若它能受调伏就好了!’诸比丘,于是那马宝就像久经善调的贤善的良种马一般,如是受了调伏。诸比丘,从前,转轮王为试验那马宝,于午前时分骑上它,巡行了以海为边际的大地,回到那个王都用了早餐。诸比丘,转轮王的马宝就是这样出现的。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa assaratanaṃ pātubhavati – sabbaseto kāḷasīso muñjakeso iddhimā vehāsaṅgamo valāhako nāma assarājā. Taṃ disvāna rañño cakkavattissa cittaṃ pasīdati – ‘bhaddakaṃ vata, bho, assayānaṃ, sace damathaṃ upeyyā’ti. Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, assaratanaṃ seyyathāpi nāma bhaddo assājānīyo dīgharattaṃ suparidanto evameva damathaṃ upeti. Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī tameva assaratanaṃ vīmaṃsamāno pubbaṇhasamayaṃ abhiruhitvā samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ anusaṃyāyitvā tameva rājadhāniṃ paccāgantvā pātarāsamakāsi. Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ assaratanaṃ pātubhavati.
缅 3.213已对照

“再者,诸比丘,转轮王的摩尼宝出现了。那是一颗琉璃宝珠(maṇi veḷuriya),美丽、纯正,有八个切面,善加琢磨。诸比丘,那摩尼宝的光明周遍照彻一由旬。诸比丘,从前,转轮王为试验那摩尼宝,令四支军装束齐备,把摩尼[宝]举于幢顶,于夜间的黑暗中出行。诸比丘,凡周围的诸村落,都借着那光明从事各自的工作,以为是白天。诸比丘,转轮王的摩尼宝就是这样出现的。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa maṇiratanaṃ pātubhavati. So hoti maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato. Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, maṇiratanassa ābhā samantā yojanaṃ phuṭā hoti. Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī tameva maṇiratanaṃ vīmaṃsamāno caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ sannayhitvā maṇiṃ dhajaggaṃ āropetvā rattandhakāratimisāya pāyāsi. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, samantā gāmā ahesuṃ te tenobhāsena kammante payojesuṃ ‘divā’ti maññamānā. Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ maṇiratanaṃ pātubhavati.
PTS 3.175已对照

“再者,诸比丘,转轮王的女宝出现了。她端正、可观、令人净信,具足最上的肤色之妙,不太高、不太矮,不太瘦、不太胖,不太黑、不太白,超过了人的容色,而未达到天的容色。诸比丘,那女宝的身触是这样的:犹如兜罗绵(tūlapicu)或劫贝绵(kappāsapicu)一般。诸比丘,那女宝的肢体,寒时温暖,热时清凉。诸比丘,那女宝的身上散发栴檀之香,口中散发青莲之香。诸比丘,那女宝比转轮王先起、后卧,凡有所命必顺从,行止可意,言语可爱。诸比丘,那女宝对于转轮王,即便以意也不曾逾越,何况以身?诸比丘,转轮王的女宝就是这样出现的。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa itthiratanaṃ pātubhavati. Sā abhirūpā dassanīyā pāsādikā paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgatā nātidīghā nātirassā nātikisā nātithūlā nātikāḷikā [nātikāḷī (sī. pī.)] nāccodātā, atikkantā mānusaṃ vaṇṇaṃ, appattā dibbaṃ vaṇṇaṃ. Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, itthiratanassa evarūpo kāyasamphasso hoti seyyathāpi nāma tūlapicuno vā kappāsapicuno vā. Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, itthiratanassa sīte uṇhāni gattāni honti, uṇhe sītāni gattāni honti. Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, itthiratanassa kāyato candanagandho vāyati, mukhato uppalagandho vāyati. Taṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, itthiratanaṃ rañño cakkavattissa pubbuṭṭhāyinī hoti pacchānipātinī kiṃkārapaṭissāvinī manāpacārinī piyavādinī. Taṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, itthiratanaṃ rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ manasāpi no aticarati, kuto pana kāyena? Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ itthiratanaṃ pātubhavati.
缅 3.214已对照

“再者,诸比丘,转轮王的居士宝出现了。他生起了业异熟所生的天眼,以此能见有主与无主的宝藏。他前往转轮王之处,这样说:‘陛下,请您勿劳心,我会为您办理凡以财物应作之事。’诸比丘,从前,转轮王为试验那居士宝,登上船,潜入恒河(Gaṅgā)的中流,对居士宝这样说:‘居士,我需要金银。’‘那么,大王,请令船靠向一岸。’‘居士,我就在这里需要金银。’诸比丘,于是那居士宝以双手探入水中,举起满满一瓮金银,对转轮王这样说:‘大王,这样就够了!大王,这样就算作了!大王,这样就算供养了!’转轮王这样说:‘居士,这样就够了!居士,这样就算作了!居士,这样就算供养了!’诸比丘,转轮王的居士宝就是这样出现的。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa gahapatiratanaṃ pātubhavati. Tassa kammavipākajaṃ dibbacakkhu pātubhavati, yena nidhiṃ passati sassāmikampi assāmikampi. So rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāha – ‘appossukko tvaṃ, deva, hohi. Ahaṃ te dhanena dhanakaraṇīyaṃ [dhanena karaṇīyaṃ (ka.)] karissāmī’ti. Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī tameva gahapatiratanaṃ vīmaṃsamāno nāvaṃ abhiruhitvā majjhe gaṅgāya nadiyā sotaṃ ogāhitvā [ogahetvā (sī. pī.)] gahapatiratanaṃ etadavoca – ‘attho me, gahapati, hiraññasuvaṇṇenā’ti. ‘Tena hi, mahārāja, ekaṃ tīraṃ nāvā upetū’ti. ‘Idheva me, gahapati, attho hiraññasuvaṇṇenā’ti. Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, gahapatiratanaṃ ubhohi hatthehi udake omasitvā pūraṃ hiraññasuvaṇṇassa kumbhiṃ uddharitvā rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ etadavoca – ‘alamettāvatā, mahārāja! Katamettāvatā, mahārāja! Pūjitamettāvatā, mahārājā’ti. Rājā cakkavattī evamāha – ‘alamettāvatā, gahapati! Katamettāvatā, gahapati! Pūjitamettāvatā, gahapatī’ti. Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pātubhavati.
PTS 3.176已对照

“再者,诸比丘,转轮王的将军宝出现了:他贤智、明达、有慧、有能力,能为转轮王令应前进者前进、令应退却者退却、令应安置者安置。他前往转轮王之处,这样说:‘陛下,请您勿劳心,我来教治。’诸比丘,转轮王的将军宝就是这样出现的。诸比丘,转轮王具足这七宝。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa pariṇāyakaratanaṃ pātubhavati – paṇḍito byatto medhāvī paṭibalo rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upayāpetabbaṃ upayāpetuṃ [upaṭṭhapetabbaṃ upaṭṭhapetuṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] apayāpetabbaṃ apayāpetuṃ ṭhapetabbaṃ ṭhapetuṃ. So rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāha – ‘appossukko tvaṃ, deva, hohi. Ahamanusāsissāmī’ti. Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ pariṇāyakaratanaṃ pātubhavati. Rājā, bhikkhave, cakkavattī imehi sattahi ratanehi samannāgato hoti.
259已对照

二五九、“是哪四成就呢?诸比丘,在此,转轮王端正、可观、令人净信,具足最上的肤色之妙,远胜于其他的人。诸比丘,转轮王具足这第一成就。

259. ‘‘Katamāhi catūhi iddhīhi? Idha, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī abhirūpo hoti dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato ativiya aññehi manussehi. Rājā, bhikkhave, cakkavattī imāya paṭhamāya iddhiyā samannāgato hoti.
已对照

“再者,诸比丘,转轮王长寿、久住,远胜于其他的人。诸比丘,转轮王具足这第二成就。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī dīghāyuko hoti ciraṭṭhitiko ativiya aññehi manussehi. Rājā, bhikkhave, cakkavattī imāya dutiyāya iddhiyā samannāgato hoti.
已对照

“再者,诸比丘,转轮王少病少恼,具足等熟的消化力,不太冷也不太热,远胜于其他的人。诸比丘,转轮王具足这第三成就。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī appābādho hoti appātaṅko samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā samannāgato nātisītāya nāccuṇhāya ativiya aññehi manussehi. Rājā, bhikkhave, cakkavattī imāya tatiyāya iddhiyā samannāgato hoti.
已对照

“再者,诸比丘,转轮王为婆罗门与居士们所爱、所喜。诸比丘,犹如父亲为诸子所爱、所喜;诸比丘,正是这样,转轮王为婆罗门与居士们所爱、所喜。诸比丘,婆罗门与居士们也为转轮王所爱、所喜。诸比丘,犹如诸子为父亲所爱、所喜;诸比丘,正是这样,婆罗门与居士们也为转轮王所爱、所喜。

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, pitā puttānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo, evameva kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo. Raññopi, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa brāhmaṇagahapatikā piyā honti manāpā. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, pitu puttā piyā honti manāpā, evameva kho, bhikkhave, raññopi cakkavattissa brāhmaṇagahapatikā piyā honti manāpā.
PTS 3.177缅 3.215已对照

“诸比丘,从前,转轮王与四支军一同出往园林之地。诸比丘,那时婆罗门与居士们前往转轮王之处,这样说:‘陛下,请慢些行,好让我们能久些瞻望您。’诸比丘,转轮王也告诉御者:‘御者,请慢些驱[车],好让婆罗门与居士们能久些瞻望我。’诸比丘,转轮王具足这第四成就。诸比丘,转轮王具足这四成就。

‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī caturaṅginiyā senāya uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyāsi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brāhmaṇagahapatikā rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu – ‘ataramāno, deva, yāhi yathā taṃ mayaṃ cirataraṃ passeyyāmā’ti. Rājāpi, bhikkhave, cakkavattī sārathiṃ āmantesi – ‘ataramāno, sārathi, pesehi yathā maṃ brāhmaṇagahapatikā cirataraṃ passeyyu’nti. Rājā, bhikkhave, cakkavattī imāya catutthāya iddhiyā samannāgato hoti. Rājā, bhikkhave, cakkavattī imāhi catūhi iddhīhi samannāgato hoti.
已对照

“诸比丘,你们认为怎样?转轮王具足这七宝与这四成就,会由此因缘而感受乐、喜悦吗?”“尊者,即使具足一宝,转轮王也会由此因缘而感受乐、喜悦,何况具足七宝与四成就呢?”

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu kho rājā cakkavattī imehi sattahi ratanehi samannāgato imāhi catūhi ca iddhīhi tatonidānaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyethā’’ti? ‘‘Ekamekenapi, bhante, ratanena [tena ratanena (sī.)] samannāgato rājā cakkavattī tatonidānaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyetha, ko pana vādo sattahi ratanehi catūhi ca iddhīhī’’ti?
260PTS 3.178缅 3.216已对照

二六〇、于是世尊拿起一块拳中可握的小石头,召唤诸比丘:“诸比丘,你们认为怎样?哪一个更大呢——我所拿起的这块拳中可握的小石头,还是雪山王?”“尊者,世尊所拿起的这块拳中可握的小石头是微少的;比起雪山王,它不及于计数,不及于分毫,不及于比较。”“诸比丘,正是这样,转轮王具足七宝与四成就而由此因缘所感受的乐、喜悦,比起天的乐,不及于计数,不及于分毫,不及于比较。”

“诸比丘,那智者若在某时某刻、经过漫长的时间之后来到人间,凡有那些高贵的家族——刹帝利大富家、婆罗门大富家或居士大富家——他便生于那样的家族中:富裕、有大财富、有大财货、有丰厚的金银、有丰厚的钱财资具、有丰厚的钱财谷物。而且他端正、可观、令人净信,具足最上的肤色之妙,得到食、饮、衣、乘、花鬘、香、涂香、卧具、住处、灯明。他以身行善行,以语行善行,以意行善行。他以身行善行、以语行善行、以意行善行了,身坏命终之后,投生于善趣、天界。诸比丘,譬如赌徒仅以第一次的胜掷,就会获得大笔财产;诸比丘,那赌徒仅以第一次的胜掷就获得大笔财产——这胜掷是微小的。而比那更大的胜掷,正是这个:那智者以身行善行、以语行善行、以意行善行了,身坏命终之后,投生于善趣、天界。诸比丘,这就是全然、圆满的智者地。”

世尊说了这[番话]。那些比丘满意、欢喜世尊之所说。

260. Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ pāṇimattaṃ pāsāṇaṃ gahetvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamo nu kho mahantataro – yo cāyaṃ mayā paritto pāṇimatto pāsāṇo gahito yo ca himavā pabbatarājā’’ti? ‘‘Appamattako ayaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā paritto pāṇimatto pāsāṇo gahito; himavantaṃ pabbatarājānaṃ upanidhāya saṅkhampi na upeti; kalabhāgampi na upeti; upanidhampi na upetī’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yaṃ rājā cakkavattī sattahi ratanehi samannāgato catūhi ca iddhīhi tatonidānaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti taṃ dibbassa sukhassa upanidhāya saṅkhampi na upeti; kalabhāgampi na upeti; upanidhampi na upeti’’.
‘‘Sa kho so, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sace kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayena manussattaṃ āgacchati, yāni tāni uccākulāni – khattiyamahāsālakulaṃ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakulaṃ vā gahapatimahāsālakulaṃ vā tathārūpe kule paccājāyati aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe. So ca hoti abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato, lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa. So kāyena sucaritaṃ carati, vācāya sucaritaṃ carati, manasā sucaritaṃ carati. So kāyena sucaritaṃ caritvā, vācāya sucaritaṃ caritvā, manasā sucaritaṃ caritvā, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, akkhadhutto paṭhameneva kaṭaggahena mahantaṃ bhogakkhandhaṃ adhigaccheyya; appamattako so, bhikkhave, kaṭaggaho yaṃ so akkhadhutto paṭhameneva kaṭaggahena mahantaṃ bhogakkhandhaṃ adhigaccheyya. Atha kho ayameva tato mahantataro kaṭaggaho yaṃ so paṇḍito kāyena sucaritaṃ caritvā, vācāya sucaritaṃ caritvā, manasā sucaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, kevalā paripūrā paṇḍitabhūmī’’ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Bālapaṇḍitasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ navamaṃ.
已对照

《愚人与智者经》终,[《空品》中之]第九[经]。