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十一、帝釋相應

PTS 1.1緬 1.1已對照篇首

序論

[他]心因悲而清涼,以慧燈破除了痴暗;

[他是]含人與天之世間的尊重者——我禮敬已解脫諸趣的善逝(sugata)。

佛陀也是既修習了[那法]、又現證了[它],

才趣得[佛的境界]的——我禮敬那離垢的、無上的法。

善逝的諸胸生之子,[他們]是破魔軍者——

那八[輩]之聚,我以頭禮敬[之],[即]聖僧團。

如是,由我這心意淨信者[所作]的、由禮敬三寶所成的那份福——

願以它的威力,[令我]成為障礙善除者,

[而]以諸相應品所莊嚴的、殊勝的《相應部》(saṃyuttāgama)——

[即]為佛與隨佛覺者所贊述的、能生智之分別的[那部阿含]——

為顯明[其]義,最初由諸得自在者(vasī)之百——

[即]五百[位]——所結集、後來也[於第二、第三次結集中]被隨結集的那部義注,

由得自在者馬哈瑪欣德(Mahāmahinda)帶到了師子洲(Sīhaḷadīpa),

為諸洲住民的利益,以師子洲語(sīhaḷabhāsā)安立了下來。

我從那[義注]中除去師子洲語,[而將它]升入悅意之語(manoramā bhāsā)——

[升入那]契合聖典(tanti)之法則、離於過失的[語];

[並]不違背諸長老的宗義(samaya)——[他們]是長老世系的明燈、

抉擇極為精微、住於大寺(Mahāvihāra)者;

捨去一再重來之義,我將顯明[其]義,

為令善人歡喜,併為令法久住。

舍衛城等諸城的解說,前面已經由我作過了——

[那是]我在說二結集(saṅgīti)之義時[所作],

以廣說的方式[作的];以及在那裡所說的那些故事(vatthu)——

對那些[故事],我在此也不再多作廣說了。

然而諸經之義中,凡不借諸故事便不得顯明者——

為顯明它們,我也將出示諸故事。

戒論、頭陀法(dhutadhamma),以及一切業處,

連同性行(cariyā)之分判,[以及]禪與等至的廣說;

以及一切神通(abhiññā),還有慧的合計與抉擇;

蘊、界、處、根,以及那四聖[諦]——

[即諸]諦,[與]緣之行相(paccayākāra)的教說,[其]理趣極清淨而精微;

不離聖典之道,以及毗婆舍那(vipassanā)的修習——

然而這一切,由於已由我在《清淨道論》(Visuddhimagga)中極為清淨地

說過了,所以在此[義注中]不再多加論究它。

「此《清淨道論》,正處於四阿含之中央,

[它]將住[於其中]而顯明那裡如所說之義。」

[《清淨道論》]正是這樣造成的,所以你們應把它也取來,連同這部

義注[《顯揚真義》(Sāratthappakāsinī)]一起,了知依於相應部之義。

Ganthārambhakathā
Karuṇāsītalahadayaṃ, paññāpajjotavihatamohatamaṃ;
Sanarāmaralokagaruṃ, vande sugataṃ gativimuttaṃ.
Buddhopi buddhabhāvaṃ, bhāvetvā ceva sacchikatvā ca;
Yaṃ upagato gatamalaṃ, vande tamanuttaraṃ dhammaṃ.
Sugatassa orasānaṃ, puttānaṃ mārasenamathanānaṃ;
Aṭṭhannampi samūhaṃ, sirasā vande ariyasaṅghaṃ.
Iti me pasannamatino, ratanattayavandanāmayaṃ puññaṃ;
Yaṃ suvihatantarāyo, hutvā tassānubhāvena.
Saṃyuttavaggapaṭimaṇḍitassa, saṃyuttaāgamavarassa;
Buddhānubuddhasaṃvaṇṇitassa, ñāṇappabhedajananassa.
Atthappakāsanatthaṃ, aṭṭhakathā ādito vasisatehi;
Pañcahi yā saṅgītā, anusaṅgītā ca pacchāpi.
Sīhaḷadīpaṃ pana ābhatātha, vasinā mahāmahindena;
Ṭhapitā sīhaḷabhāsāya, dīpavāsīnamatthāya.
Apanetvāna tatohaṃ, sīhaḷabhāsaṃ manoramaṃ bhāsaṃ;
Tantinayānucchavikaṃ, āropento vigatadosaṃ.
Samayaṃ avilomento, therānaṃ theravaṃsadīpānaṃ;
Sunipuṇavinicchayānaṃ, mahāvihāre nivāsīnaṃ.
Hitvā punappunāgata-matthaṃ, atthaṃ pakāsayissāmi;
Sujanassa ca tuṭṭhatthaṃ, ciraṭṭhitatthañca dhammassa.
Sāvatthipabhūtīnaṃ, nagarānaṃ vaṇṇanā katā heṭṭhā;
Saṅgītīnaṃ dvinnaṃ, yā me atthaṃ vadantena.
Vitthāravasena sudaṃ, vatthūni ca yāni tattha vuttāni;
Tesampi na idha bhiyyo, vitthārakathaṃ karissāmi.
Suttānaṃ pana atthā, na vinā vatthūhi ye pakāsanti;
Tesaṃ pakāsanatthaṃ, vatthūnipi dassayissāmi.
Sīlakathā dhutadhammā, kammaṭṭhānāni ceva sabbāni;
Cariyāvidhānasahito, jhānasamāpattivitthāro.
Sabbā ca abhiññāyo, paññāsaṅkalananicchayo ceva;
Khandhādhātāyatanindriyāni, ariyāni ceva cattāri.
Saccāni paccayākāradesanā, suparisuddhanipuṇanayā;
Avimuttatantimaggā, vipassanābhāvanā ceva.
Iti pana sabbaṃ yasmā, visuddhimagge mayā suparisuddhaṃ;
Vuttaṃ tasmā bhiyyo, na taṃ idha vicārayissāmi.
‘‘Majjhe visuddhimaggo, esa catunnampi āgamānañhi;
Ṭhatvā pakāsayissati, tattha yathābhāsitamatthaṃ’’.
Icceva kato tasmā, tampi gahetvāna saddhimetāya;
Aṭṭhakathāya vijānatha, saṃyuttavinissitaṃ atthanti.
1. Devatāsaṃyuttaṃ
1. Naḷavaggo
2. Nandanavaggo
3. Sattivaggo
4. Satullapakāyikavaggo
5. Ādittavaggo
6. Jarāvaggo
7. Addhavaggo
8. Chetvāvaggo
1. Paṭhamavaggo
2. Anāthapiṇḍikavaggo
3. Nānātitthiyavaggo
1. Paṭhamavaggo
2. Dutiyavaggo
3. Tatiyavaggo
1. Paṭhamavaggo
2. Dutiyavaggo
3. Tatiyavaggo
1. Paṭhamavaggo
2. Dutiyavaggo
1. Arahantavaggo
2. Upāsakavaggo
1. Paṭhamavaggo
2. Dutiyavaggo
3. Tatiyavaggo
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十一、帝釋相應

1緬 1.1已對照

序論釋義

一、於釋義之初[所作]的禮敬三寶,是為了通告所應釋義之法的來源與所依之清淨;而那[通告],是為了在諸法義的釋義中令有智者生起敬重;而那[敬重],是為了以他們依受學(uggahaṇa)、憶持(dhāraṇa)等次第所應得的正行道,成辦一切利益與安樂。或者:由是吉祥之事,由於在一切作業中是先行之事,由是諸賢者所行之事,又由於令未來的他人隨學[其]所見,[故]於釋義中[有]禮敬三寶之作業。或者:作禮敬三寶,是為了生起供養所應供養者[而得]的殊勝之福;而那[福],是為了給自己那以如所得之成就為因的業添以力,又為了使那[業]在中途不致退縮;而這兩者,都是為了令義注無有障礙地圓滿完成——阿闍梨於此所意趣的正是這一用意。正因如此,[他]下文將說:「如是,由我這心意淨信者……乃至……以它的威力」。因為供養三事,由於成就了無上的福田,是威力不可量度的殊勝之福,所以縱在有種種障礙的世間共住中,[它]也足以摧破那繫著障礙的一切雜染,並能遮止怖畏等災患。如所說:「供養應供養者……」等(《法句》195;《譬喻·長老譬喻》1.10.1),又如「諸比丘,凡對佛陀有淨信者,即是對最上者有淨信;而對最上者有淨信者,其異熟也是最上的」等(《如是語》90)。

「稱說『佛陀』者,其身中所生的那份喜——

那份喜確是更為殊勝,縱以整個閻浮提[之所有相比亦然];

[稱說]『法』者……乃至……[稱說]『僧』者……乃至……[縱以]整個閻浮提[之所有相比亦然]。」(《長部義注》1.6)

又如「摩訶那摩(Mahānāma),當聖弟子隨念如來時,那時他的心不被貪所纏縛,不被瞋……乃至……不被痴所纏縛」等(《增支部》6.10;11.11);以及「[你們]在林野中、或在樹下……乃至……便不會有怖畏、驚愕或身毛豎立」(《相應部》1.249)。

此中,[阿闍梨]為顯示他所欲禮敬的那三事與殊勝功德相應,才以「心因悲而清涼」等語說了三偈。因為由與殊勝功德相應而有應受禮敬之性;而對應受禮敬者所作的禮敬,才能成辦如所意趣的用意。此中,[阿闍梨]所欲釋義的那一教說,既不像律之教說那樣以悲為主,也不像阿毗達摩之教說那樣以慧為主,而是以悲與慧二者為主;所以,為了首先就以那二者為主[之義]而作對正等正覺者的稱揚——因其餘諸寶以彼為根本——才說了「心因悲而清涼」等語。此中,[它能]散[他人之苦],故為「悲(karuṇā)」,義即驅散、除去他人之苦。或者,[它能]傷[具悲者],故為「悲」,義即他人有苦時,[它]傷害、逼迫具悲者。或者:他人有苦時,[它]令善人震動、令[其]心中痛楚,故為「悲」。或者:「kam」是樂,[它]遮阻那[樂],故為「悲」。因為這[悲]以欲除他人之苦為相,由於不顧自樂,[它]遮阻、障礙具悲者的樂——此是其義。因悲而清涼[即]「因悲而清涼」;他有那因悲而清涼的心,故為「心因悲而清涼者」;[禮敬]那「心因悲而清涼者」。

此中,雖然慈與喜——由於以為他人帶來利益、[令其]樂等不退失為其自性,又由於與瞋恚(byāpāda)、不樂(arati)正相反對,[故]依斷除眾生相續中的熱惱這一行相而轉起——也可得為心清涼之因;然而唯有悲,以除他人之苦這一行相而轉起、以不堪他人受苦為味、[即]成為不害,才格外是世尊心之清涼的因,猶如心輕安(cittapassaddhi)[之於心]一般。[阿闍梨]故說「心因悲而清涼」。或者應知:[阿闍梨]是以悲為門,把慈與喜也說為心清涼之因。

或者:悲——[它]是六不共智(cha asādhāraṇañāṇa)殊勝[功德]的系屬所在,由於遍及自境而格外[廣大]、又無所餘,猶如一切知智[那樣],[從而]達於大悲之性——正是這[悲]格外地是世尊心清涼之因,[阿闍梨]故說「心因悲而清涼」。

或者:慈與喜縱然也繫著于格外的心清涼之性,然而由於[悲]是一切佛德殊勝[功德]之因,故亦為那[慈喜]之因——[所以]唯悲被說為世尊「心清涼之因」。因為一切佛德皆以悲為因緣:世尊以悲之威力令輪迴之苦熱得以息滅,[他]由於欲除他人之苦,縱經數阿僧祇劫也毫無疲厭之相,決定要圓滿積集無餘的成佛之法,又已證得法之增上;所以縱使那些由眾生之聚所招來的、足以令心熱惱的因緣現前,[他]心之清涼也不曾有絲毫的變異。又應知:在這一義的分說中,世尊於三位(avatthā)中的悲都被收攝了。

[它能]了知,故為「慧(paññā)」,義即以種種方式如自性而通達。慧本身由於斷除所知障(ñeyyāvaraṇa),以種種方式照明諸法自性之義,[故]即是「燈(pajjota)」,[故為]「慧燈」。由於是連同習氣而斷(savāsanappahāna),[故]被格外地破除、拔除,[即]「破除(vihata)」。以慧燈而被破除[即]「以慧燈破除」。[人們]以它而迷,或它自身迷,或那[法]唯是迷本身,故為「痴(moha)」,即無明。也正是它,由於遮蔽境之自性,與黑暗相似,猶如暗,故為「暗(tamo)」。他有那以慧燈所破除的痴暗,故為「以慧燈破除了痴暗者」;[禮敬]那「以慧燈破除了痴暗者」。因為一切漏盡者雖然都以慧燈破除了無明之暗,然而正如見至者(diṭṭhippatta)[的煩惱斷除]與依信而勝解者(saddhādhimutta)[的]有別,正等正覺者的煩惱斷除也由於是連同習氣而斷,與諸聲聞及諸獨覺佛[的]有別;所以[阿闍梨]是以格外的斷無明來稱揚世尊,才說「以慧燈破除了痴暗」。

或者:由於不待他人教示便在自己的相續中生起無明暗的畢竟除去,又由於證得了一切知性與於諸力中的自在之性,並且由於以殊勝說法之威力在他人的相續中也善加生起了那[除暗]——所以唯世尊格外應以除去痴暗而受稱揚,[阿闍梨]故說「以慧燈破除了痴暗」。又應知:在這一義的分說中,以「慧燈」一語,世尊的通達慧與說法慧都依通說、或依「餘一(ekasesa)」之法而被收攝了。

或者:由於世尊的智以所知為邊際,[他]以那能覺悟一切所知法自性的、稱為無障礙智(anāvaraṇañāṇa)的慧燈,摧破了遮蔽一切所知法自性的痴暗;[如是]世尊的滅痴暗是不共他人的——就此而說「以慧燈破除了痴暗」。而此中應知:由於無障礙智是在摧破痴暗之後[才]證得的,[故]依因之假說(kāraṇūpacāra),[說]無障礙智在自相續中[是]摧破痴暗。因為由發願(abhinīhāra)之成就,諸煩惱的連同習氣而斷正是所知障的斷除;而在他人的相續中,[無障礙智]由於是摧破痴暗之因,[故]依果之假說(phalūpacāra),無障礙智被說為「摧破痴暗」。

[設難:]那麼,是什麼緣故,唯把拔除無明這一事依斷之成就而取作稱揚世尊的因緣,而不[取]格外的、無餘的斷煩惱呢?——[通釋:]因為以說那[無明]之斷,由於[諸煩惱]與它同處,一切雜染之聚的拔除也就被顯明瞭。因為並沒有這樣一種煩惱,是不由無餘地斷無明而被斷的。

或者:正如明是一切善法生起[之主因],無明也是一切不善法生起與輪迴轉起的主因;所以以說破除那[無明],一切雜染之聚的拔除也就已被說了——[故]說「以慧燈破除了痴暗」。

人與天(amara,字面為「不死者」)[合稱]「人與天(narāmarā)」;與人及天俱,故為「含人與天的(sanarāmara)」;既是含人與天的、又是世間,故為「含人與天之世間」;[他是]那[世間]的尊重者,故為「含人與天之世間的尊重者」;[禮敬]那「含人與天之世間的尊重者」。以此[語,阿闍梨]顯示:世尊如對諸天與人那樣,對其餘眾生也隨其所應帶來殊勝功德,[故]有益於[他們]。而此中不應詰責[何為]主、[何為]非主。因為語之次第(saddakkama)是一事,義之次第(atthakkama)是另一事。因為在這樣的複合詞中,主要者也會像非主要者那樣被指示,猶如「含王之眾(sarājikā parisā)」(《譬喻義注》1.1.82)那樣。此中雖然世間依眾生、行與空間[之別]而有三種,然而由於所意趣的是尊重之性,故應唯依能作尊重的眾生世間而取義。因為「諸福與非福及其異熟於此處被見」,故那[眾生世間]被稱為「世間(loka)」。而此中以取「天(amara)」,所意趣的是生天(upapattideva)。

或者,「世間(loka)」一語[取]聚之義——[即]依集聚而被見、被施設。與人俱,故為「含人的(sanarā)」;既是含人的、又是天,故為「含人之天(sanarāmarā)」;[彼是]他們的世間,故為「含人與天之世間」——應依前面的方式配合。而此中以「天(amara)」一語,清淨天(visuddhideva)也被收攝了;因為他們由於無有死,就真實義而言[確是]「不死者」。[至於]唯取人與天,是依就勝者而說(ukkaṭṭhaniddesa),猶如「天與人之師」(《長部》1.157)那樣。正因如此:由於[他具]以遣除一切無益為前導的、專致於安排無餘的利益與安樂的、無上的行持之成就,由於[他]對連同諸天的人眾畢竟有益,又由於[他]具足不可量度、無可比擬的威力與殊勝功德——世尊是一切眾生中最上者,是無量世界界中無量眾生的最上尊重之處。故說「含人與天之世間的尊重者」。

他的所往、[即]行走是美好的,故為「善逝(sugata)」。因為世尊往趣所化之人,由於必定成辦他們的利益與安樂,[故是]美好的;同樣,由於[他的]色身以[大丈夫]相與隨好(lakkhaṇānubyañjana)所莊嚴,[他的]身之行走離於急速、遲緩、躓跌、拖行、重壓、蹲行、歪斜、雜亂等諸過失,[反]令王鵝、牛王、龍象與獸王之行走相形失色;而[他的]智之行走,則以廣大無垢的悲、念、精進等殊勝功德為伴,從發願直至大菩提皆無可責難——[故]正是美好的。

或者:[他]以自生智(sayambhūñāṇa)依遍知現觀(pariññābhisamaya)而遍知整個世間,[即]以智善往、[即]善知,故為「善逝」;同樣,[他]依斷現觀而斷世間之集,令[它]成為不再生起之法,[即]善往、[即]超越,故為「善逝」;[他]依現證現觀而善往、[即]證得世間之滅[即]涅槃,故為「善逝」;[他]依修習現觀而善往、[即]行道於趣向世間之滅的行道,故為「善逝」。此義應依「凡以須陀洹道所斷的諸煩惱,[他]不再向那些煩惱,不再返回,不再回來,故為『善逝』」等方式(《大義釋》38)而闡明。

或者:[他]往、[即]證得美好之處、[即]正等菩提,或[即]涅槃,故為「善逝」。又或者:由於[他]所說之法是真實的、如實的、與義相應的,並且對諸所化者隨其所應而正合於時,所以[他]善說、[即]善言,故為「善逝(sugata)」——[這]是把 da 字作成 ta 字[而成]。如是,由行走美好之性等[義]而為「善逝」;[禮敬]那「善逝」。

由於[眾生]依福與非福而生[於其中]、[故]應往,[故為]「諸趣(gatiyo)」,即生有之差別。而它們依地獄等而有五種。由於[世尊]以證得聖道,令一切趣有之業成為不堪有異熟,從而遮止了它們;所以世尊從五趣中都善為解脫、離系,[阿闍梨]故說「已解脫諸趣」。以此[語,阿闍梨]顯示世尊不攝屬於任何[趣],因此世尊被稱為「天中天(devātideva)」。故說——

「憑它我會生為天,或成為空行的乾闥婆(gandhabba);

憑它我會趣於夜叉之身,或來到人之身——

我那些漏已盡、已破壞、已除根。」(《增支部》4.36)

因為能招致各各趣的業與煩惱,[世尊]已以最上道就在菩提樹下善為斷除,所以世尊不攝屬於諸趣;[故]世尊從一切有、生、趣、識住、眾生居與眾生類中畢竟善為解脫。[禮敬]那「已解脫諸趣」[者]。「我禮敬(vande)」者:義即我敬禮,或我稱揚。

或者,「已解脫諸趣」[一語]是以證得無餘涅槃界而稱揚世尊。因為此中應知對世尊的稱揚有二種行相,[即]依自利之成就與依他利之行道。其中,自利之成就應依證得無障礙智、畢竟斷除連同習氣的一切煩惱、以及證得無餘涅槃而知。他利之行道[應依]:[他]心不顧利養恭敬等而教說出離一切苦之法,又依於[他]對違逆者也恆以利益為意向、[靜待其]智成熟之時來到[而知]。而此中,他利之行道依意向(āsaya)與依行持(payoga)[而]有二種,自利之成就[則]有三種,[皆]被顯明瞭。如何[顯明]呢?以「心因悲而清涼」[一語,顯明瞭]依意向的他利之行道;以取「善說」義的「善逝」一語,[顯明瞭]依行持的他利之行道;以「以慧燈破除了痴暗」、「已解脫諸趣」這[二語],以及以取通達四諦義的「善逝」一語,[顯明瞭]三種自利之成就;以取其餘諸義的那[「善逝」一語]與「以慧燈破除了痴暗」一語,[則]一切自利之成就與他利之行道都被顯明瞭。

或者,應知對世尊的稱揚有三種行相——依因、依果與依利益。此中,因是大悲,它以第一句被顯示了。果有四種:智之成就、斷之成就、威力之成就與色身之成就。其中,智與斷之成就以第二句、以及以取通達[四]諦義的「善逝」一語被顯明;威力之成就[則]以第三句[被顯明];色身之成就以取如上所說身之行走美好義的「善逝」一語[被顯明]——因為離於相與隨好的圓滿便無有那[美好]。利益,[即]不作內外之別、以三乘之門而[作]解脫法的教說。應知它以取「善說」義的「善逝」一語被顯明。

此中,以「心因悲而清涼」一語,[阿闍梨]顯示正等菩提之根本。因為世尊意為大悲所激發,為把眾生從輪迴泥中救出而作了發願,次第圓滿諸波羅蜜,[從而]證得無上正等菩提——故悲是正等菩提之根本。以「以慧燈破除了痴暗」一語,[阿闍梨]顯示正等菩提。因為以無障礙智為近因的道智,與以道智為近因的無障礙智,[二者]被稱為「正等菩提」。以取「善往」義的「善逝」一語,[阿闍梨]顯示正等菩提之行道;因為「善逝」一語顯明瞭那離於退縮與掉舉、執住與努力(āyūhana)、耽於欲樂與自苦勤修、常見與斷見之深入等兩邊的、為悲與慧所攝持的中道行。以其餘[諸語,阿闍梨]顯示正等菩提的、有主與非主之別的用意。因為此中,把眾生從輪迴大暴流中渡過是主要的用意,其餘[的]是非主要的。其中,以主要者[阿闍梨]顯示他利之行道,以其餘者[顯示]自利之成就;以二者[則]顯示:在「為自利而行道」等四種人中,世尊是第四種人。並以此顯示[世尊]是無上應奉施者、是最上應受禮敬者,又是自己禮敬之業所趣的[福]田。

而此中,以取「悲」,由於顯明瞭世間[法]中達於廣大之性的不共功德,世尊一切世間功德之成就便被顯示了;以取「慧」,由於顯明瞭以一切知智為近因的道智,[便顯示了]一切出世間功德之成就。因為由取此二者所成之義,[阿闍梨]以「含人與天之世間的尊重者」等語加以詳說。又以取「悲」,[阿闍梨]顯示無隨煩惱的親近;以取「慧」,[顯示]遠離。同樣,以取「悲」,[阿闍梨]顯示世尊隨順世間稱號(samaññā)的轉起——因為悲以世俗通稱(vohāra)為境;以取「慧」,[顯示]不超越稱號。因為由不覺悟諸法的自性,才有超越稱號而執取眾生等[之事]。同樣,以取「悲」,[阿闍梨]顯示大悲等至住;以取「慧」,[顯示]於三時無所障礙之智、四諦智、四無礙解智、四無畏智;[又]由於以取「悲」已取了大悲等至智,[故以取「慧」]依其餘諸不共智、六神通、於八眾中不動之智、十力、十四佛智、十六智行、十八佛法、四十四智事、七十七智事等等眾多慧之分別,顯示[世尊的]智之遊行。同樣,以取「悲」[顯示]行之成就,以取「慧」[顯示]明之成就。以取「悲」[顯示]自增上性,以取「慧」[顯示]法增上性。以取「悲」[顯示]為世間之依(lokanātha)之性,以取「慧」[顯示]為自依(attanātha)之性。同樣,以取「悲」[顯示]先施恩之性,以取「慧」[顯示]知恩。以取「悲」[顯示]不苦他之性,以取「慧」[顯示]不自苦之性。或者:以取「悲」[顯示]成佛之法的成就,以取「慧」[顯示]佛的境界的成就。同樣,以取「悲」[顯示]度他,以取「慧」[顯示]自度。同樣,以取「悲」,[顯示]於一切眾生有攝益之心;以取「慧」,[顯示]於一切法有離貪之心。

而於一切佛德,悲是初——因是它們的因緣;慧是終——因於它之上更無所應作。如是,以顯示初與終,一切佛德都被顯示了。同樣,以取「悲」,以戒蘊為前導的定蘊便被顯示了。因為戒以悲為因緣——由那[悲]而有離殺生等之轉起;而那[悲]又與三禪相應。以「慧」一語,[顯示]慧蘊。又戒是一切佛德之初,定[在]中,慧是終——如是,以顯示初、中、後之善,一切佛德也都被顯示了,因為[是]依理趣而顯示的。因為無餘地顯示佛德的方便正是這一取理趣[之法];否則,有誰能夠逐句無餘地顯示世尊的諸功德呢?正因如此[才]說——

「縱使佛陀宣說佛陀的功德,

縱經一劫而不說別的;

長久的一劫會在中間耗盡,

如來的功德卻不會耗盡。」(《長部義注》1.304;3.141;《中部義注》3.425;《自說》53;《佛種姓義注》4.5;《所行藏義注·因緣論、雜論》;《譬喻》2.7.20)——

正因如此,具壽舍利弗長老在被就佛德之分限[而]詰問時,也先以「不是的,尊者」而遮卻,[然後]說了「然而,尊者,我了知法的類推(dhammanvaya)」(《長部》2.146)。

Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā
1. Saṃvaṇṇanārambhe ratanattayavandanā saṃvaṇṇetabbassa dhammassa pabhavanissayavisuddhipaṭivedanatthaṃ, taṃ pana dhammasaṃvaṇṇanāsu viññūnaṃ bahumānuppādanatthaṃ, taṃ sammadeva tesaṃ uggahaṇadhāraṇādikkamaladdhabbāya sammāpaṭipattiyā sabbahitasukhanipphādanatthanti. Atha vā maṅgalabhāvato, sabbakiriyāsu pubbakiccabhāvato, paṇḍitehi samācaritabhāvato, āyatiṃ paresaṃ diṭṭhānugatiāpajjanato ca saṃvaṇṇanāyaṃ ratanattayapaṇāmakiriyāti. Atha vā ratanattayapaṇāmakaraṇaṃ pūjanīyapūjāpuññavisesanibbattanatthaṃ, taṃ attano yathāladdhasampattinimittakassa kammassa balānuppadānatthaṃ, antarā ca tassa asaṃkocāpanatthaṃ, tadubhayaṃ anantarāyena aṭṭhakathāya parisamāpanatthanti idameva ca payojanaṃ ācariyena idhādhippetaṃ. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘iti me pasannamatino…pe… tassānubhāvenā’’ti. Vatthuttayapūjā hi niratisayapuññakkhettasaṃbuddhiyā aparimeyyapabhāvo puññātisayoti bahuvidhantarāyepi lokasannivāse antarāyanibandhanasakalasaṃkilesaviddhaṃsanāya pahoti, bhayādiupaddavañca nivāreti. Yathāha ‘‘pūjārahe pūjayato’’tiādi (dha. pa. 195; apa. thera 1.10.1), tathā ‘‘ye, bhikkhave, buddhe pasannā, agge te pasannā, agge kho pana pasannānaṃ aggo vipāko hotī’’tiādi (itivu. 90).
‘‘Buddhoti kittayantassa, kāye bhavati yā pīti;
Varameva hi sā pīti, kasiṇenapi jambudīpassa;
Dhammoti…pe…, saṅghoti…pe…, jambudīpassā’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.6);
Tathā ‘‘yasmiṃ, mahānāma, samaye ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosa…pe… na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hotī’’tiādi (a. ni. 6.10; 11.11). ‘‘Araññe rukkhamūle vā…pe… bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā lomahaṃso na hessatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.249) ca.
Tattha yassa vatthuttayassa vandanaṃ kattukāmo, tassa guṇātisayayogasandassanatthaṃ ‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’ntiādinā gāthattayamāha. Guṇātisayayogena hi vandanārahabhāvo, vandanārahe ca katā vandanā yathādhippetaṃ payojanaṃ sādhetīti. Tattha yassā desanāya saṃvaṇṇanaṃ kattukāmo, sā na vinayadesanā viya karuṇāppadhānā, nāpi abhidhammadesanā viya paññāppadhānā, atha kho karuṇāpaññāppadhānāti tadubhayappadhānameva tāva sammāsambuddhassa thomanaṃ kātuṃ tammūlakattā sesaratanānaṃ ‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha kiratīti karuṇā, paradukkhaṃ vikkhipati apanetīti attho. Atha vā kiṇātīti karuṇā, paradukkhe sati kāruṇikaṃ hiṃsati vibādhatīti attho. Paradukkhe sati sādhūnaṃ kampanaṃ hadayakhedaṃ karotīti vā karuṇā. Atha vā kamiti sukhaṃ, taṃ rundhatīti karuṇā. Esā hi paradukkhāpanayanakāmatālakkhaṇā attasukhanirapekkhatāya kāruṇikānaṃ sukhaṃ rundhati vibandhatīti attho. Karuṇāya sītalaṃ karuṇāsītalaṃ, karuṇāsītalaṃ hadayaṃ assāti karuṇāsītalahadayo, taṃ karuṇāsītalahadayaṃ.
Tattha kiñcāpi paresaṃ hitopasaṃhārasukhādiaparihānicchanasabhāvatāya, byāpādāratīnaṃ ujuvipaccanīkatāya ca sattasantānagatasantāpavicchedanākārapavattiyā mettāmuditānampi cittasītalabhāvakāraṇatā upalabbhati, tathāpi paradukkhāpanayanākārappavattiyā parūpatāpāsahanarasā avihiṃsābhūtā karuṇāva visesena bhagavato cittassa cittapassaddhi viya sītibhāvanimittanti vuttaṃ ‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’nti. Karuṇāmukhena vā mettāmuditānampi hadayasītalabhāvakāraṇatā vuttāti daṭṭhabbā.
Atha vā chaasādhāraṇañāṇavisesanibandhanabhūtā sātisayaṃ niravasesañca sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ viya savisayabyāpitāya mahākaruṇābhāvamupagatā karuṇāva bhagavato abhisayena hadayasītalabhāvahetūti āha ‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’nti.
Atha vā satipi mettāmuditānaṃ sātisaye hadayasītibhāvanibandhanatte sakalabuddhaguṇavisesakāraṇatāya tāsampi kāraṇanti karuṇāva bhagavato ‘‘hadayasītalabhāvakāraṇa’’nti vuttā. Karuṇānidānā hi sabbepi buddhaguṇā, karuṇānubhāvanibbāpiyamānasaṃsāradukkhasantāpassa hi bhagavato paradukkhāpanayanakāmatāya anekānipi asaṅkhyeyyāni kappānaṃ akilantarūpasseva niravasesabuddhakaradhammasambharaṇaniyatassa samadhigatadhammādhipateyyassa ca sannihitesupi sattasaṅghāṭasamupanītahadayūpatāpanimittesu na īsakampi cittasītibhāvassa aññathattamahosīti. Etasmiñca atthavikappe tīsupi avatthāsu bhagavato karuṇā saṅgahitāti daṭṭhabbā.
Pajānātīti paññā, yathāsabhāvaṃ pakārehi paṭivijjhatīti attho. Paññāva ñeyyāvaraṇappahānato pakārehi dhammasabhāvajotanaṭṭhena pajjototi paññāpajjoto. Savāsanappahānato visesena hataṃ samugghāṭitaṃ vihataṃ. Paññāpajjotena vihataṃ paññāpajjotavihataṃ. Muyhanti tena, sayaṃ vā muyhati, mohanamattameva vā tanti moho, avijjā. Sveva visayasabhāvapaṭicchādanakaraṇato andhakārasarikkhatāya tamo viyāti tamo. Paññāpajjotavihato mohatamo etassāti paññāpajjotavihatamohatamo, taṃ paññāpajjotavihatamohatamaṃ. Sabbesampi hi khīṇāsavānaṃ satipi paññāpajjotena avijjandhakārassa vihatabhāve saddhādhimuttehi viya diṭṭhippattānaṃ sāvakehi paccekasambuddhehi ca savāsanappahānena sammāsambuddhānaṃ kilesappahānassa viseso vijjatīti sātisayena avijjāppahānena bhagavantaṃ thomento āha ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti.
Atha vā antarena paropadesaṃ attano santāne accantaṃ avijjandhakāravigamassa nibbattitattā, tathā sabbaññutāya balesu ca vasībhāvassa samadhigatattā, parasantatiyañca dhammadesanātisayānubhāvena sammadeva tassa pavattitattā bhagavāva visesato mohatamavigamena thometabboti āha ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti. Imasmiñca atthavikappe ‘‘paññāpajjoto’’ti padena bhagavato paṭivedhapaññā viya desanāpaññāpi sāmaññaniddesena, ekasesanayena vā saṅgahitāti daṭṭhabbā.
Atha vā bhagavato ñāṇassa ñeyyapariyantikattā sakalañeyyadhammasabhāvāvabodhanasamatthena anāvaraṇañāṇasaṅkhātena paññāpajjotena sabbañeyyadhammasabhāvacchādakassa mohandhakārassa vidhamitattā anaññasādhāraṇo bhagavato mohatamavināsoti katvā vuttaṃ ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti. Ettha ca mohatamavidhamanante adhigatattā anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ kāraṇūpacārena sasantāne mohatamavidhamananti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Abhinīhārasampattiyā savāsanappahānameva hi kilesānaṃ ñeyyāvaraṇapahānanti, parasantāne pana mohatamavidhamanassa kāraṇabhāvato phalūpacārena anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ ‘‘mohatamavidhamana’’nti vuccatīti.
Kiṃ pana kāraṇaṃ avijjāsamugghātoyeveko pahānasampattivasena bhagavato thomanānimittaṃ gayhati, na pana sātisayaṃ niravasesakilesapahānanti? Tappahānavacaneneva tadekaṭṭhatāya sakalasaṃkilesagaṇasamugghātassa jotitabhāvato. Na hi so tādiso kileso atthi, yo niravasesaavijjāppahānena na pahīyatīti.
Atha vā vijjā viya sakalakusaladhammasamuppattiyā niravasesākusaladhammanibbattiyā saṃsārappavattiyā ca avijjā padhānakāraṇanti tabbighātavacanena sakalasaṃkilesagaṇasamugghāto vutto eva hotīti vuttaṃ ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti.
Narā ca amarā ca narāmarā, saha narāmarehīti sanarāmaro, sanarāmaro ca so loko cāti sanarāmaraloko, tassa garūti sanarāmaralokagaru, taṃ sanarāmaralokagaruṃ. Etena devamanussānaṃ viya tadavasiṭṭhasattānampi yathārahaṃ guṇavisesāvahatāya bhagavato upakārataṃ dasseti. Na cettha padhānāppadhānabhāvo codetabbo. Añño hi saddakkamo, añño atthakkamo. Edisesu hi samāsapadesu padhānampi appadhānaṃ viya niddisīyati yathā ‘‘sarājikāya parisāyā’’ti (apa. aṭṭha. 1.1.82). Kāmañcettha sattasaṅkhārokāsavasena tividho loko, garubhāvassa pana adhippetattā garukaraṇasamatthasseva sattalokassa vasena attho gahetabbo. So hi lokīyanti ettha puññapāpāni tabbipāko cāti ‘‘loko’’ti vuccati. Amaraggahaṇena cettha upapattidevā adhippetā.
Atha vā samūhattho loka-saddo samudāyavasena lokīyati paññāpīyatīti. Saha narehīti sanarā, sanarā ca te amarā cāti sanarāmarā, tesaṃ lokoti sanarāmaralokoti purimanayeneva yojetabbaṃ. Amara-saddena cettha visuddhidevāpi saṅgayhanti. Te hi maraṇābhāvato paramatthato amarā, narāmarānaṃyeva gahaṇaṃ ukkaṭṭhaniddesavasena yathā ‘‘satthā devamanussāna’’nti (dī. ni. 1.157). Tathā hi sabbānatthapariharaṇapubbaṅgamāya niravasesahitasukhavidhānatapparāya niratisayāya payogasampattiyā sadevamanussāya pajāya accantamupakāritāya aparimitanirupamappabhāvaguṇavisesasamaṅgitāya ca sabbasattuttamo bhagavā aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ uttamaṃ gāravaṭṭhānaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘sanarāmaralokagaru’’nti.
Sobhanaṃ gataṃ gamanaṃ etassāti sugato. Bhagavato hi veneyyajanupasaṅkamanaṃ ekantena tesaṃ hitasukhanipphādanato sobhanaṃ, tathā lakkhaṇānubyañjanapaṭimaṇḍitarūpakāyatāya dutavilambitakhalitānukaḍḍhananippīḷanukkuṭikakuṭilākulatādi- dosarahitamavahasitarājahaṃsavasabhavāraṇamigarājagamanaṃ kāyagamanaṃ ñāṇagamanañca vipulanimmalakaruṇāsativīriyādiguṇavisesasahitamabhinīhārato yāva mahābodhi niravajjatāya sobhanamevāti.
Atha vā sayambhūñāṇena sakalamapi lokaṃ pariññābhisamayavasena parijānanto ñāṇena sammā gato avagatoti sugato, tathā lokasamudayaṃ pahānābhisamayavasena pajahanto anuppattidhammataṃ āpādento sammā gato atītoti sugato, lokanirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikiriyābhisamayavasena sammā gato adhigatoti sugato, lokanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ bhāvanābhisamayavasena sammā gato paṭipannoti sugato. ‘‘Sotāpattimaggena ye kilesā pahīnā, te kilese na puneti na pacceti na paccāgacchatīti sugato’’tiādinā nayena (mahāni. 38) ayamattho vibhāvetabboti.
Atha vā sundaraṃ ṭhānaṃ sammāsambodhiṃ, nibbānameva vā gato adhigatoti sugato. Yasmā vā bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ veneyyānaṃ yathārahaṃ kālayuttameva ca dhammaṃ bhāsati, tasmā sammā gadati vadatīti sugato da-kārassa ta-kāraṃ katvā. Iti sobhanagamanatādīhi sugato, taṃ sugataṃ.
Puññapāpakehi upapajjanavasena gantabbato gatiyo, upapattibhavavisesā. Tā pana nirayādivasena pañcavidhā. Tā hi sakalassapi bhavagāmikammassa ariyamaggādhigamena avipākārahabhāvakaraṇena nivattitattā bhagavā pañcahipi gatīhi suṭṭhu mutto visaṃyuttoti āha ‘‘gativimutta’’nti. Etena bhagavato katthacipi apariyāpannataṃ dasseti, yato bhagavā ‘‘devātidevo’’ti vuccati. Tenāha –
‘‘Yena devūpapatyassa, gandhabbo vā vihaṅgamo;
Yakkhattaṃ yena gaccheyyaṃ, manussattañca abbaje;
Te mayhaṃ āsavā khīṇā, viddhastā vinaḷīkatā’’ti. (a. ni. 4.36);
Taṃtaṃgatisaṃvattanakānañhi kammakilesānaṃ aggamaggena bodhimūleyeva suppahīnattā natthi bhagavato gatipariyāpannatāti accantameva bhagavā sabbabhavayonigativiññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsasattanikāyehi suparimutto. Taṃ gativimuttaṃ. Vandeti namāmi, thomemīti vā attho.
Atha vā gativimuttanti anupādisesanibbānadhātuppattiyā bhagavantaṃ thometi. Ettha hi dvīhi ākārehi bhagavato thomanā veditabbā attahitasampattito parahitapaṭipattito ca. Tesu attahitasampatti anāvaraṇañāṇādhigamato, savāsanānaṃ sabbesaṃ kilesānaṃ accantapahānato, anupādisesanibbānappattito ca veditabbā. Parahitapaṭipatti lābhasakkārādinirapekkhacittassa sabbadukkhaniyyānikadhammadesanato, viruddhesupi niccaṃ hitajjhāsayavasena ñāṇaparipākakālāgamanato ca. Sā panettha āsayato payogato ca duvidhā parahitapaṭipatti, tividhā ca attahitasampatti pakāsitā hoti, kathaṃ? ‘‘Karuṇāsītalahadaya’’nti etena āsayato parahitapaṭipatti, sammāgadanatthena sugata-saddena payogato parahitapaṭipatti, ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatamaṃ gativimutta’’nti etehi catusaccapaṭivedhatthena ca sugata-saddena tividhāpi attahitasampatti, avasiṭṭhatthena tena ‘‘paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti etena ca sabbāpi attahitasampatti parahitapaṭipatti pakāsitā hotīti.
Atha vā tīhi ākārehi bhagavato thomanā veditabbā – hetuto phalato upakārato ca. Tattha hetu mahākaruṇā, sā paṭhamapadena dassitā. Phalaṃ catubbidhaṃ ñāṇasampadā pahānasampadā ānubhāvasampadā rūpakāyasampadā cāti. Tāsu ñāṇapahānasampadā dutiyapadena saccapaṭivedhatthena ca sugata-saddena pakāsitā honti, ānubhāvasampadā pana tatiyapadena, rūpakāyasampadā yathāvuttakāyagamanasobhanatthena sugata-saddena lakkhaṇānubyañjanapāripūriyā vinā tadabhāvato. Upakāro anantaraṃ abāhiraṃ karitvā tividhayānamukhena vimuttidhammadesanā. So sammāgadanatthena sugata-saddena pakāsito hotīti veditabbaṃ.
Tattha ‘‘karuṇāsītalahadaya’’nti etena sammāsambodhiyā mūlaṃ dasseti. Mahākaruṇāya sañcoditamānaso hi bhagavā saṃsārapaṅkato sattānaṃ samuddharaṇatthaṃ katābhinīhāro anupubbena pāramiyo pūretvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ adhigatoti karuṇā sammāsambodhiyā mūlaṃ. ‘‘Paññāpajjotavihatamohatama’’nti etena sammāsambodhiṃ dasseti. Anāvaraṇañāṇapadaṭṭhānañhi maggañāṇaṃ, maggañāṇapadaṭṭhānañca anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ sammāsambodhīti vuccatīti. Sammāgamanatthena sugata-saddena sammāsambodhiyā paṭipattiṃ dasseti līnuddhaccapatiṭṭhānāyūhanakāmasukhallikattakilamathānuyoga-sassatucchedābhinivesādi-antadvayarahitāya karuṇāpaññāpariggahitāya majjhimāya paṭipattiyā pakāsanato sugata-saddassa. Itarehi sammāsambodhiyā padhānāppadhānabhedaṃ payojanaṃ dasseti. Saṃsāramahoghato sattasantāraṇañhettha padhānaṃ payojanaṃ, tadaññamappadhānaṃ. Tesu padhānena parahitapaṭipattiṃ dasseti, itarena attahitasampattiṃ, tadubhayena attahitāya paṭipannādīsu catūsu puggalesu bhagavato catutthapuggalabhāvaṃ dasseti. Tena ca anuttaradakkhiṇeyyabhāvaṃ, uttamavandanīyabhāvaṃ, attano ca vandanakiriyāya khettaṅgatabhāvaṃ dasseti.
Ettha ca karuṇāgahaṇena lokiyesu mahaggatabhāvappattāsādhāraṇaguṇadīpanato bhagavato sabbalokiyaguṇasampatti dassitā hoti, paññāgahaṇena sabbaññutaññāṇapadaṭṭhānamaggañāṇadīpanato sabbalokuttaraguṇasampatti. Tadubhayaggahaṇasiddho hi attho ‘‘sanarāmaralokagaru’’ntiādinā vipañcīyatīti. Karuṇāgahaṇena ca upagamanaṃ nirupakkilesaṃ dasseti, paññāgahaṇena apagamanaṃ. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena lokasamaññānurūpaṃ bhagavato pavattiṃ dasseti lokavohāravisayattā karuṇāya, paññāgahaṇena samaññāya anatidhāvanaṃ. Sabhāvānavabodhena hi dhammānaṃ samaññaṃ atidhāvitvā sattādiparāmasanaṃ hotīti. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena mahākaruṇāsamāpattivihāraṃ dasseti, paññāgahaṇena tīsu kālesu appaṭihatañāṇaṃ catusaccañāṇaṃ catupaṭisambhidāñāṇaṃ catuvesārajjañāṇaṃ, karuṇāgahaṇena mahākaruṇāsamāpattiñāṇassa gahitattā sesādhāraṇañāṇāni cha abhiññā aṭṭhasu parisāsu akampanañāṇāni dasa balāni cuddasa buddhañāṇāni soḷasa ñāṇacariyā aṭṭhārasa buddhadhammā catucattālīsa ñāṇavatthūni sattasattati ñāṇavatthūnīti evamādīnaṃ anekesaṃ paññāpabhedānaṃ vasena ñāṇacāraṃ dasseti. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena caraṇasampattiṃ, paññāgahaṇena vijjāsampattiṃ. Karuṇāgahaṇena attādhipatitā, paññāgahaṇena dhammādhipatitā. Karuṇāgahaṇena lokanāthabhāvo, paññāgahaṇena attanāthabhāvo. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena pubbakāribhāvo, paññāgahaṇena kataññutā. Karuṇāgahaṇena aparantapatā, paññāgahaṇena anattantapatā. Karuṇāgahaṇena vā buddhakaradhammasiddhi, paññāgahaṇena buddhabhāvasiddhi. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena paresaṃ tāraṇaṃ, paññāgahaṇena sayaṃ tāraṇaṃ. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena sabbasattesu anuggahacittatā, paññāgahaṇena sabbadhammesu virattacittatā dassitā hoti.
Sabbesañca buddhaguṇānaṃ karuṇā ādi tannidānabhāvato, paññā pariyosānaṃ tato uttari karaṇīyābhāvato. Iti ādipariyosānadassanena sabbe buddhaguṇā dassitā honti. Tathā karuṇāgahaṇena sīlakkhandhapubbaṅgamo samādhikkhandho dassito hoti. Karuṇānidānañhi sīlaṃ tato pāṇātipātādiviratippavattito, sā ca jhānattayasampayoginīti. Paññāvacanena paññākkhandho. Sīlañca sabbabuddhaguṇānaṃ ādi, samādhi majjhe, paññā pariyosānanti evampi ādimajjhapariyosānakalyāṇadassanena sabbe buddhaguṇā dassitā honti nayato dassitattā. Eso eva hi niravasesato buddhaguṇānaṃ dassanupāyo, yadidaṃ nayaggahaṇaṃ, aññathā ko nāma samattho bhagavato guṇe anupadaṃ niravasesato dassetuṃ. Tenevāha –
‘‘Buddhopi buddhassa bhaṇeyya vaṇṇaṃ,
Kappampi ce aññamabhāsamāno;
Khīyetha kappo ciradīghamantare,
Vaṇṇo na khīyetha tathāgatassā’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.304; 3.141; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 3.425; udā. 53; bu. vaṃ. aṭṭha. 4.5; cariyā. aṭṭha. nidānakathā, pakiṇṇakakathā; apa. 2.7.20) –
Teneva ca āyasmatā sāriputtattherenapi buddaguṇaparicchedanaṃ pati anuyuttena ‘‘no hetaṃ, bhante’’ti paṭikkhipitvā ‘‘api ca me, bhante, dhammanvayo vidito’’ti (dī. ni. 2.146) vuttaṃ.
2緬 1.10已對照

二、如是以一切一切知者之功德略讚了世尊之後,如今為稱揚正法,[阿闍梨]說了「佛陀也是」等語。此中,「佛陀」是作者的指示。「佛的境界」是業的指示。「修習了」與「現證了」是先時作業的指示。「[那](yaṃ)」是不加限定的業的指示。「趣得」是後時作業的指示。「我禮敬」是作業的指示。「那(taṃ)」是限定。「法」是禮敬之業的指示。「離垢的」與「無上的」是它的限定語。

此中,「佛陀」一語之義,應先依「覺了諸諦,故為佛陀;令人眾覺悟,故為佛陀」等《義釋》之法(《大義釋》192;《小義釋·彼岸道讚歎偈釋》97)而知。或者:由於連同習氣的無知之眠畢竟除去,或由於以覺而開敷,[故]「已覺」故為「佛陀」——[這是]依醒覺義與開敷義[而說]。或者:由於無有任何未被覺悟的所知法,[故]不把某一特定所知取為業;由於無有欲說業[之語],唯依覺了義即可得作者的指示——[故]「已覺」故為「佛陀」,猶如「受灌頂者不施與」那樣。而就義而言,[那]為諸波羅蜜所燻修、以自生智連同習氣破除破壞了無餘煩惱、為大悲與一切知智等不可量度的功德之聚所依的蘊相續,即是「佛陀」。如所說:「『佛陀』者:即那位世尊,[他]自生、無有阿闍梨,於先前未曾聽聞的諸法中自行正覺了諸諦,並於其中證得一切知性與於諸力中的自在之性。」(《大義釋》192)「也(api)」一語[用]於推想。以它顯明對下文將說功德的法的推想:「如是具足殊勝功德的那位世尊也[尚且如此]」。「佛的境界」者:即正等菩提。「修習了」者:即令生起並令增長。「現證了」者:即作成現前。「趣得」者:即已達、[即]已證得——此是其義。這[「趣得」]與「佛的境界」一語相連。「離垢的」者:即已離垢,義即無過失。「我禮敬」者:即我敬禮,或我稱揚。「無上的」者:即無有更上者,義即出世間。「法」者:[它]護持那些如所教示而行道者,令[其]不墮於苦界與輪迴,故為「法(dhamma)」。

而此中簡略之義如下——如是具足種種功德之聚的佛陀世尊,修習了那稱為聖道之法、又現證了那稱為果與涅槃之法,從而證得無上正等菩提;我[今]敬禮那[法]——[它]是連諸佛的佛之境界之因,離於一切過失與垢,由於無有比自己更上者而為無上,[即]通達正法。應知教理(pariyatti)正法也因顯明那[通達正法]而在此被收攝。或者應知:由於義注中說了「[他]證得了阿毗達摩理趣之海,思擇了三藏」,故教理法也可得有「現證」與「思擇」的說法,[所以]它也正是在此被說了。

同樣應知:由於說了「修習了、現證了那法」,故連同作為成佛之法的諸波羅蜜,前分的增上戒學等也在此被「法」一語所收攝。因為它們也由於與垢相違反而為「離垢」,由於不共他人而為「無上」。正因如此:世尊為令眾生從一切輪轉之苦中出離而作了大發願,[他]以大悲安住、有善良的意向;[他]於四阿僧祇又十萬劫中恭敬無間地以修習與作現前[二事,成就]那些為殊勝之慧所洗淨而無垢的、布施、調御、自制等無餘的最上之法,從而於[諸]業等中證得自在之性,[成為]具足稀有不可思議的大威力者,達於增上戒、增上心的最高至極之極致;[於是他]於緣之行相上以二百四十萬俱胝之門(catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassamukha)運起大金剛智,[從而]正覺了無上正等菩提。

而此中,以「修習了」一語,[阿闍梨]以明之成就稱揚法;以「現證了」一語,[以]解脫(vimutti)之成就[稱揚法]。同樣,以第一[語,以]禪之成就[稱揚];以第二[語,以]解脫(vimokkha)之成就[稱揚]。或者以第一[語,以]定之成就[稱揚],以第二[語,以]等至之成就[稱揚]。或者,以第一[語,依]於盡[之]智之性[稱揚],以第二[語,依]於不生[之]智之性[稱揚]。或者以前者[依]如電喻之性[稱揚],以後者[依]如金剛喻之性[稱揚]。或者以前者[依]離染之成就,以後者[依]滅之成就。同樣,以第一[依]出離(niyyāna)之性,以第二[依]出離(nissaraṇa)之性。或者以第一[依]因之性,以第二[依]無為之性。或者以第一[依]見之性,以第二[依]離[之]性。或者以第一[依]增上之性,以第二[依]不死之性稱揚法。或者,以「修習了那法而趣得佛的境界」一語,[阿闍梨]以善說之性稱揚法;以「現證了」一語,[以]現見之性[稱揚]。同樣,以前者[以]無時之性,以後者[以]來見之性。或者以前者[以]引導之性,以後者[以]應各自證知之性稱揚法。以「離垢的」這[一語],由於顯明無有雜染,[阿闍梨]顯示法的清淨性。以「無上的」一語,由於顯明無有其他更殊勝者,[顯示法的]廣大圓滿性。或者以第一[語]顯示法的斷之成就,以第二[語顯示]自性之成就。或者,法的「離垢」之性應與[它的]應修習性相配;因為由修習之力,它才成為諸過失的拔除者。「無上」之性應與[它的]應現證性相配;因為由現證之生起,於它之上更無所應作,[故]由不共他人而為「無上」。同樣,以「修習了」一語,連同前分的戒等,有學的戒、定、慧三蘊被顯示了;以「現證了」一語,連同無為界,無學的戒、定、慧三蘊被顯示了。

2. Evaṃ saṅkhepena sakalasabbaññuguṇehi bhagavantaṃ abhitthavitvā idāni saddhammaṃ thometuṃ ‘‘buddhopī’’tiādimāha. Tattha buddhoti kattuniddeso. Buddhabhāvanti kammaniddeso. Bhāvetvā sacchikatvāti ca pubbakālakiriyāniddeso. Yanti aniyamato kammaniddeso. Upagatoti aparakālakiriyāniddeso. Vandeti kiriyāniddeso. Tanti niyamanaṃ. Dhammanti vandanakiriyāya kammaniddeso. Gatamalaṃ anuttaranti ca tabbisesanaṃ.
Tattha buddhasaddassa tāva – ‘‘bujjhitā saccānīti buddho, bodhetā pajāyāti buddho’’tiādinā niddesanayena (mahāni. 192; cūḷani. pārāyanatthutigāthāniddesa 97) attho veditabbo. Atha vā savāsanāya aññāṇaniddāya accantavigamato, buddhiyā vā vikasitabhāvato buddhavāti buddho jāgaraṇavikasanatthavasena. Atha vā kassacipi ñeyyadhammassa anavabuddhassa abhāvena ñeyyavisesassa kammabhāvena aggahaṇato kammavacanicchāya abhāvena avagamanatthavaseneva kattuniddeso labbhatīti buddhavāti buddho yathā ‘‘dikkhito na dadātī’’ti. Atthato pana pāramitāparibhāvito sayambhūñāṇena saha vāsanāya vihataviddhastaniravasesakileso mahākaruṇā sabbaññutaññāṇādiaparimeyyaguṇagaṇādhāro khandhasantāno buddho. Yathāha – ‘‘buddhoti yo so bhagavā sayambhū anācariyako pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu sāmaṃ saccāni abhisambujjhi. Tattha ca sabbaññutaṃ patto balesu ca vasībhāva’’nti (mahāni. 192). Api-saddo sambhāvane. Tena ‘‘evaṃ guṇavisesayutto sopi nāma bhagavā’’ti vakkhamānaguṇe dhamme sambhāvanaṃ dīpeti. Buddhabhāvanti sammāsambodhiṃ. Bhāvetvāti uppādetvā vaḍḍhetvā ca. Sacchikatvāti paccakkhaṃ katvā. Upagatoti patto, adhigatoti attho. Etassa ‘‘buddhabhāva’’nti etena sambandho. Gatamalanti vigatamalaṃ, niddosanti attho. Vandeti paṇamāmi, thomemi vā. Anuttaranti uttararahitaṃ, lokuttaranti attho. Dhammanti yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāne apāyato saṃsārato ca apatamāne dhāretīti dhammo.
Ayañhettha saṅkhepattho – evaṃ vividhaguṇagaṇasamannāgato buddhopi bhagavā yaṃ ariyamaggasaṅkhātaṃ dhammaṃ bhāvetvā phalanibbānasaṅkhātaṃ pana dhammaṃ sacchikatvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ adhigato, tametaṃ buddhānampi buddhabhāvahetubhūtaṃ sabbadosamalarahitaṃ attano uttaritarābhāvena anuttaraṃ paṭivedhasaddhammaṃ namāmīti. Pariyattisaddhammassapi tappakāsanattā idha saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Atha vā ‘‘abhidhammanayasamuddaṃ adhigacchi, tīṇi piṭakāni sammasī’’ti ca aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttattā pariyattidhammassapi sacchikiriyasammasanapariyāyo labbhatīti sopi idha vutto evāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.
Tathā ‘‘yaṃ dhammaṃ bhāvetvā sacchikatvā’’ti ca vuttattā buddhakaradhammabhūtāhi pāramitāhi saha pubbabhāge adhisīlasikkhādayopi idha dhamma-saddena saṅgahitāti veditabbaṃ. Tāpi hi malapaṭipakkhatāya gatamalā anaññasādhāraṇatāya anuttarā cāti. Tathā hi sattānaṃ sakalavaṭṭadukkhanissaraṇatthāya katamahābhinīhāro mahākaruṇādhivāsapesalajjhāsayo paññāvisesaparidhotanimmalānaṃ dānadamasaññamādīnaṃ uttamadhammānaṃ satasahassādhikāni kappānaṃ cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni sakkaccaṃ nirantaraṃ niravasesānaṃ bhāvanāpaccakkhakaraṇehi kammādīsu adhigatavasibhāvo acchariyācinteyyamahānubhāvo adhisīlādhicittānaṃ paramukkaṃsapāramippatto bhagavā paccayākāre catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassamukhena mahāvajirañāṇaṃ pesetvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti.
Ettha ca ‘‘bhāvetvā’’ti etena vijjāsampadāya dhammaṃ thometi, ‘‘sacchikatvā’’ti etena vimuttisampadāya. Tathā paṭhamena jhānasampadāya, dutiyena vimokkhasampadāya. Paṭhamena vā samādhisampadāya, dutiyena samāpattisampadāya. Atha vā paṭhamena khayeñāṇabhāvena, dutiyena anuppādeñāṇabhāvena. Purimena vā vijjūpamatāya, dutiyena vajirupamatāya. Purimena vā virāgasampattiyā, dutiyena nirodhasampattiyā. Tathā paṭhamena niyyānabhāvena, dutiyena nissaraṇabhāvena. Paṭhamena vā hetubhāvena, dutiyena asaṅkhatabhāvena. Paṭhamena vā dassanabhāvena, dutiyena vivekabhāvena. Paṭhamena vā adhipatibhāvena, dutiyena amatabhāvena dhammaṃ thometi. Atha vā ‘‘yaṃ dhammaṃ bhāvetvā buddhabhāvaṃ upagato’’ti etena svākkhātatāya dhammaṃ thometi, ‘‘sacchikatvā’’ti etena sandiṭṭhikatāya. Tathā purimena akālikatāya, pacchimena ehipassikatāya. Purimena vā opaneyyikatāya, pacchimena paccattaṃ veditabbatāya dhammaṃ thometi. ‘‘Gatamala’’nti iminā saṃkilesābhāvadīpanena dhammassa parisuddhataṃ dasseti. ‘‘Anuttara’’nti etena aññassa visiṭṭhassa abhāvadīpanena vipulaparipuṇṇataṃ. Paṭhamena vā pahānasampadaṃ dhammassa dasseti, dutiyena sabhāvasampadaṃ. Bhāvetabbatāya vā dhammassa gatamalabhāvo yojetabbo. Bhāvanābalena hi so dosānaṃ samugghātako hotīti. Sacchikātabbabhāvena anuttarabhāvo yojetabbo. Sacchikiriyānibbattito hi tatuttarikaraṇīyābhāvato anaññasādhāraṇatāya anuttaroti. Tathā ‘‘bhāvetvā’’ti etena saha pubbabhāgasīlādīhi sekkhā sīlasamādhipaññākkhandhā dassitā honti. ‘‘Sacchikatvā’’ti etena saha asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā asekkhā sīlasamādhipaññākkhandhā dassitā hontīti.
3緬 1.12已對照

三、如是以一切法之功德略讚了正法之後,如今為稱揚聖僧團,[阿闍梨]說了「善逝的」等語。此中,「善逝的」是關係的指示。它與「諸子」一語相連。「諸胸生[之子]」是「子」的限定語。「破魔軍者」是[他們]為胸生之子之性的因的指示。以此[語,阿闍梨]顯示:[他]許可唯斷煩惱才是[成為]世尊胸生之子之性的因。「八[輩]」是數目分限的指示。並以此顯示:他們雖依眾生之別而有數千之數,卻不超越這一數目分限——因為[他們]不超越住道與住果之性。「聚」是集聚的指示。「聖僧團」是以功德而殊勝的和合之性的指示。以此[語,阿闍梨]顯示:諸聖者縱無身之和合,[仍]有聖僧團之性——因為[他們]由見與戒之共同而和合。

此中,[他們]生於胸、[即]由胸而生、又與胸相連,故為「胸生(orasa)」。因為正如眾生的胸生之子由於是自身所生,格外地是父之所有的遺產的分有者;同樣,這些聖者由於在聽聞正等正覺者之法的末後以聖之生而生,[故]必定是世尊所有的解脫之樂與聖法之寶的分有者——故如胸生[之子]一般[而名為]「胸生[之子]」。或者:諸聖弟子正是以世尊說法之威力而趣入、已入聖地的;[他們的]高貴出生是由[世尊]以胸[所作]的努力而生的,[故]堪於不依方便[說]而被稱為「胸生之子」。因為縱由諸弟子所轉起的說法,也正被稱為「世尊的說法」——由於以彼為根本,又由於[其]相等無有差別。

諸聖弟子在證得聖道之時,天子魔或魔軍雖不必定像[對]世尊那樣為作障礙而來擾亂;然而,[聖弟子]當被他們擾亂之因既被破除,他們[魔與魔軍]也就名為已被破除了——[阿闍梨]故說「破魔軍者」。而在這一義上應知:本應說「破魔與魔軍者」,[卻]說「破魔軍者」,[這]是作了同一部分的餘一(ekadesasarūpekasesa)。或者:由於煩惱之力眾如蘊魔與行魔那樣,對天子魔在殺害功德上也成為助伴,[故]被稱為「軍」。如所說:「諸欲是你的第一軍」等(《經集》438)。而那有一千五百種、或無量種的煩惱軍,被他們以念、擇法、精進、止等功德之武器依分限(odhiso)而擾破、破除、破壞,[故]諸聖弟子[即]「破魔軍者」。以此[語,阿闍梨]顯示他們是世尊的隨生之子。

由於遠離諸煩惱,由於不行於非理,又由於行於理,[故為]「聖(ariya)」——[這是]依語源之法(niruttinaya)[而說]。或者:由於[他們]為連同諸天的世間所應趣、[即]應作歸依而親近,又由於親近者[能]成就其義,[故為]「聖」。諸聖者之僧團[即]「聖僧團」;或者:既是聖的、又是僧團,[故為]「聖僧團」。應知:世尊[般涅槃]之後,連佛寶與法寶的證得也繫於僧寶,[故]為顯示這聖僧團多有助益,才在此處[方]說了「我以頭禮敬」。

而此中,以「善逝的諸胸生之子」一語,[阿闍梨]顯示聖僧團的來源之成就;以「破魔軍者」一語[顯示]斷之成就——因為顯明瞭一切雜染之斷;以「那八[輩]之聚」一語[顯示]智之成就——因為顯明瞭住道與住果之性。以「聖僧團」一語,[阿闍梨]顯示來源之成就——因為顯明瞭[它]是一切僧團中最上的。或者:「善逝的諸胸生之子」是顯明聖僧團有清淨的所依。「破魔軍者」是顯明[他們]是正行道者、直行道者、如理行道者與正當行道者。「那八[輩]之聚」是顯明[他們]是應供養等。「聖僧團」是顯明[它]是無上福田。同樣,以「善逝的諸胸生之子」一語,[阿闍梨]顯明聖僧團有出世間歸依之自性。因為正由出世間的歸依,他們才成為世尊的胸生之子。以「破魔軍者」一語,[阿闍梨]顯示由發願之成就所成的前分正行道。因為已作發願而正行道者,能戰勝魔或魔眾。以「那八[輩]之聚」一語,[阿闍梨]顯示已通達、[其]對治[品]已被破壞的有學與無學諸法——因為以人為立足處而顯明瞭道與果諸法。以「聖僧團」[一語,阿闍梨]顯示[它是]最上應奉施者。又,歸依是諸弟子一切功德之初,連同前分行道的有學戒蘊等[在]中,無學戒蘊等是終——如是,[以]初、中、後皆善[之義],聖僧團的一切功德便被略說地顯明瞭。

3. Evaṃ saṅkhepeneva sabbadhammaguṇehi saddhammaṃ abhitthavitvā idāni ariyasaṅghaṃ thometuṃ ‘‘sugatassā’’tiādimāha. Tattha sugatassāti sambandhaniddeso. Tassa ‘‘puttāna’’nti etena sambandho. Orasānanti puttavisesanaṃ. Mārasenamathanānanti orasaputtabhāve kāraṇaniddeso. Tena kilesapahānameva bhagavato orasaputtabhāve kāraṇaṃ anujānātīti dasseti. Aṭṭhannanti gaṇanaparicchedaniddeso. Tena ca satipi tesaṃ sattavisesabhāvena anekasahassasaṅkhābhāve imaṃ gaṇanaparicchedaṃ nātivattantīti dasseti maggaṭṭhaphalaṭṭhabhāvānativattanato. Samūhanti samudāyaniddeso. Ariyasaṅghanti guṇavisiṭṭhasaṅghātabhāvaniddeso. Tena asatipi ariyapuggalānaṃ kāyasāmaggiyaṃ ariyasaṅghabhāvaṃ dasseti diṭṭhisīlasāmaññena saṃhatabhāvato.
Tattha urasi bhavā jātā saṃbaddhā ca orasā. Yathā hi sattānaṃ orasaputtā attajātatāya pitu santakassa dāyajjassa visesena bhāgino honti, evametepi ariyapuggalā sammāsambuddhassa dhammassavanante ariyāya jātiyā jātatāya bhagavato santakassa vimuttisukhassa ariyadhammaratanassa ca ekantabhāginoti orasā viya orasā. Atha vā bhagavato dhammadesanānubhāveneva ariyabhūmiṃ okkamamānā okkantā ca ariyasāvakā bhagavato urena vāyāmajanitābhijātitāya nippariyāyena orasā puttāti vattabbataṃ arahanti. Sāvakehi pavattiyamānāpi hi dhammadesanā ‘‘bhagavato dhammadesanā’’icceva vuccati tammūlikattā lakkhaṇādivisesābhāvato ca.
Yadipi ariyasāvakānaṃ ariyamaggādhigamasamaye bhagavato viya tadantarāyakaraṇatthaṃ devaputtamāro, māravāhinī vā na ekantena apasādeti, tehi pana apasādetabbatāya kāraṇe vimathite tepi vimathitā eva nāma hontīti āha ‘‘mārasenamathanāna’’nti. Imasmiṃ panatthe ‘‘māramārasenamathanāna’’nti vattabbe mārasenamathanānanti ekadesasarūpekaseso katoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Atha vā khandhābhisaṅkhāramārānaṃ viya devaputtamārassapi guṇamāraṇe sahāyabhāvūpagamanato kilesabalakāyo ‘‘senā’’ti vuccati. Yathāha ‘‘kāmā te paṭhamā senā’’tiādi (su. ni. 438). Sā ca tehi diyaḍḍhasahassabhedā, anantabhedā vā kilesavāhinī satidhammavicayavīriyasamathādiguṇapaharaṇehi odhiso vimathitā vihatā viddhastā cāti mārasenamathanā, ariyasāvakā. Etena tesaṃ bhagavato anujātaputtataṃ dasseti.
Ārakattā kilesehi, anaye na iriyanato, aye ca iriyanato ariyā niruttinayena. Atha vā sadevakena lokena saraṇanti araṇīyato upagantabbato, upagatānañca tadatthasiddhito ariyā. Ariyānaṃ saṅghoti ariyasaṅgho. Ariyo ca so saṅgho cāti vā ariyasaṅgho. Bhagavato aparabhāge buddhadhammaratanānampi samadhigamo saṅgharatanādhīnoti assa ariyasaṅghassa bahūpakārataṃ dassetuṃ idheva ‘‘sirasā vande’’ti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.
Ettha ca ‘‘sugatassa orasānaṃ puttāna’’nti etena ariyasaṅghassa pabhavasampadaṃ dasseti, ‘‘mārasenamathanāna’’nti etena pahānasampadaṃ sakalasaṃkilesapahānadīpanato, ‘‘aṭṭhannampi samūha’’nti etena ñāṇasampadaṃ maggaṭṭhaphalaṭṭhabhāvadīpanato. ‘‘Ariyasaṅgha’’nti etena pabhavasampadaṃ dasseti sabbasaṅghānaṃ aggabhāvadīpanato. Atha vā sugatassa orasānaṃ puttānanti ariyasaṅghassa visuddhanissayabhāvadīpanaṃ. Mārasenamathanānanti sammāujuñāyasāmīcippaṭipannabhāvadīpanaṃ. Aṭṭhannampi samūhanti āhuneyyādibhāvadīpanaṃ. Ariyasaṅghanti anuttarapuññakhettabhāvadīpanaṃ. Tathā ‘‘sugatassa orasānaṃ puttāna’’nti etena ariyasaṅghassa lokuttarasaraṇagamanasabhāvaṃ dīpeti. Lokuttarasaraṇagamanena hi te bhagavato orasaputtā jātā. ‘‘Mārasenamathanāna’’nti etena abhinīhārasampadāya siddhaṃ pubbabhāge sammāpaṭipattiṃ dasseti. Katābhinīhārā hi sammāpaṭipannā māraṃ māraparisaṃ vā abhivijinanti. ‘‘Aṭṭhannampi samūha’’nti etena paṭividdhastavipakkhe sekkhāsekkhadhamme dasseti puggalādhiṭṭhānena maggaphaladhammānaṃ pakāsitattā. ‘‘Ariyasaṅgha’’nti aggadakkhiṇeyyabhāvaṃ dasseti. Saraṇagamanañca sāvakānaṃ sabbaguṇānaṃ ādi, sapubbabhāgapaṭipadā sekkhā sīlakkhandhādayo majjhe, asekkhā sīlakkhandhādayo pariyosānanti ādimajjhapariyosānakalyāṇā saṅkhepato sabbe ariyasaṅghaguṇā pakāsitā honti.
4緬 1.14已對照

四、如是以三偈,依略舉一切功德之門禮敬了三寶之後,如今[阿闍梨]為把那謙下之行(nipaccakāra)轉向如所意趣的用意,說了「如是,由我」等語。此中,依生喜之義(ratijananaṭṭha)為「寶(ratana)」,[即]佛、法、僧。因為以「彼世尊即是如此」等[語]作意它們的如實功德者,便會生起不少的、成為證得不死之因的喜與悅。如所說——

「摩訶那摩,當聖弟子隨念如來時,那時他的心不被貪所纏縛,不被瞋所纏縛,不被痴所纏縛;那時他的心正就如來而唯是正直的。摩訶那摩,心正直的聖弟子獲得義喜(atthaveda),獲得法喜(dhammaveda),獲得與法相應的悅;悅者便生起喜」等(《增支部》6.10;11.11)。

或者,受尊重等之性即是「寶」義。因為這[偈]曾說過——

「受尊重、價值大,無與倫比、難得見,

非下劣眾生所受用,故稱為寶。」(《長部義注》2.33;《小誦義注》6.3;《經集義注》226;《大義釋義注》50)——

而受尊重之性等是不共他[者]的,唯於佛[、法、僧]等中可得。

禮敬本身[即]「由禮敬所成」,猶如「由施所成、由戒所成」那樣。而此中,「禮敬」是以身、語、心傾向三寶之功德,或[即]稱揚。由於生起可尊敬的有與果,[故為]「福(puñña)」;或者:[它]淨化自己的相續[,故為「福」]。「障礙善除者」者:即諸障礙已被善為破除[者]。以此[語,阿闍梨]顯示:由自己淨信之成就,又由三寶為[福]田之性的成就,那福足以破除妨害顯明[其]義的諸災患。「成為」是先時作業。它與「我將顯明[其]義」一語相連。「它的」者:即那由禮敬三寶所成的福的。「以威力」者:即以力。

4. Evaṃ gāthāttayena saṅkhepato sakalaguṇasaṃkittanamukhena ratanattayassa paṇāmaṃ katvā idāni taṃ nipaccakāraṃ yathādhippete payojane pariṇāmento ‘‘iti me’’tiādimāha. Tattha ratijananaṭṭhena ratanaṃ, buddhadhammasaṅghā. Tesañhi ‘‘itipi so bhagavā’’tiādinā yathābhūtaguṇe āvajjentassa amatādhigamahetubhūtaṃ anappakaṃ pītipāmojjaṃ uppajjati. Yathāha –
‘‘Yasmiṃ, mahānāma, samaye ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, ujugatamevassa tasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ hoti tathāgataṃ ārabbha. Ujugatacitto kho pana, mahānāma, ariyasāvako labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ, pamuditassa pīti jāyatī’’tiādi (a. ni. 6.10; 11.11).
Cittīkatādibhāvo vā ratanaṭṭho. Vuttañhetaṃ –
‘‘Cittīkataṃ mahagghañca, atulaṃ dullabhadassanaṃ;
Anomasattaparibhogaṃ, ratanaṃ tena vuccatī’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.33; khu. pā. aṭṭha. 6.3; su. ni. aṭṭha. 226; mahāni. aṭṭha. 50) –
Cittīkatabhāvādayo ca anaññasādhāraṇā buddhādīsu eva labbhantīti.
Vandanāva vandanāmayaṃ yathā ‘‘dānamayaṃ sīlamaya’’nti. Vandanā cettha kāyavācācittehi tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ guṇaninnatā, thomanā vā. Pujjabhavaphalanibbattanato puññaṃ, attano santānaṃ punātīti vā. Suvihatantarāyoti. Suṭṭhu vihatantarāyo. Etena attano pasādasampattiyā, ratanattayassa ca khettabhāvasampattiyā taṃ puññaṃ atthappakāsanassa upaghātakaupaddavānaṃ vihanane samatthanti dasseti. Hutvāti pubbakālakiriyā. Tassa ‘‘atthaṃ pakāsayissāmī’’ti etena sambandho. Tassāti yaṃ ratanattayavandanāmayaṃ puññaṃ, tassa. Ānubhāvenāti balena.
5緬 1.15已對照

五、如是顯示了禮敬三寶的用意之後,如今為先以贊其功德的方式介紹[阿闍梨]所欲釋義的那一法之教說,故說了「以諸相應品所莊嚴的」等語;義即為《天神相應》等諸相應以及《蘆葦品》等諸品所裝飾的。此中,「相應(saṃyutta)」與「結合(saṃyoga)」就義而言是一。[是]什麼[的]相應呢?[是]諸經品的[相應]。因為正如字之集聚[即]語,同樣,於諸義上作了限定的語之集聚[即]句,句之集聚[即]經;於經之集聚[有]「品」這一稱號,同樣,於經品之集聚[有]「相應」這一稱號。諸經品於此處被結合,故為「相應」。雖然就真實義而言並無離於支分的所謂「集聚」——正如「語」等稱號[是]取那各各安置有別的諸支分[而立],「經品」之稱號、「相應」之稱號與「阿含」之稱號也[是如此];然而集聚縱於真實義上不存在,[它]以覺所構想之形被取作似乎存在,[從而]依為諸支分之依處而被世俗稱說,猶如「樹上有枝」那樣——所以[才]說「以諸相應品所莊嚴的」。

[設難:]諸相應品豈不就是阿含嗎?那麼它是由什麼[來]莊嚴呢?——[通釋:]這不應詰責。因為縱然於本無分別之事,為使[人]了知如所意趣的殊異,也會當作有分別一般而立言說,猶如說「石像之身」那樣。自利、他利等於此處來到,或以它、或從它[而來到],故為「阿含(āgama)」;由於具足初善等功德,依最上之義,又由於是各各所希求之成就之因,[故]為諸賢者所應選取,[故為]「殊勝(vara)」;既是阿含、又是殊勝的,[故為]「殊勝的阿含」。或者:[它]為諸許為通曉阿含者(āgamasammata)所[認]為殊勝,[故為]「阿含[者所許之]殊勝者」;既是相應、又是殊勝的阿含,[故為]「殊勝的《相應部》(saṃyuttāgamavara)」;[即]那[殊勝的《相應部》]的。諸佛的隨覺者[即]「隨佛覺者」,[即]隨諸佛通達[四]諦而通達了[四]諦的上首弟子等諸聖者。[故「為佛與隨佛覺者所贊述的」即]為他們依義之贊述與功德之贊述而贊述的[那部阿含]的。

或者應配合[理解]為:諸佛與諸隨覺者[即]「佛與隨佛覺者」。因為律、經與阿毗達摩之義,最初正是由正等正覺者依雜說等方式所分別的;後來那[義]才由結集者們依對它們的義之解說而被登入結集。而此中:諸相應之品、[即]諸聚,[故為]「相應品」,[即]《有偈品》等。由於攝屬於那[諸相應],諸相應中的諸品[亦為]「相應品」,[即]《蘆葦品》等。諸相應本身即是品,[故為]「相應品」。[阿闍梨]依「餘一」之法取了這三種[相應品],才說「以諸相應品所莊嚴的」。

此中,《有偈品》中有十一相應、三十八品;《因緣品》中有九相應、三十九品;《蘊品》中有十一相應、五十九品;《六處品》中有九相應、三十八品;《大品》中有十二相應、四十八品。這就是此中諸相應內之品的數量。

「能生智之分別的」者:由於緣起、蘊、處等之論眾多,[從而]闡明瞭甚深的智行,[故]即[是]能生起慧之分別的。而此處正是以「能生慧之分別的」[一語]稱揚了這部阿含本身;又,這是阿闍梨在諸釋義中的常規,即在各各釋義之初,以舉述各各所應釋義之法的殊勝功德而作稱揚。正因如此,在《吉祥悅意》《妄衍破斥》《滿足希求》《殊勝義》(Aṭṭhasālinī,即《法集論義注》)等[義注]中,也依次以「[其]功德能引生淨信的」、「能破斥他論的」、「能令諸說法者中的魁首生起種種辯才的」、「那為諸甚深智所深入、恆以種種理趣而繁富的阿毗達摩的」等語作了稱揚。

5. Evaṃ ratanattayassa nipaccakāre payojanaṃ dassetvā idāni yassā dhammadesanāya atthaṃ saṃvaṇṇetukāmo, tassā tāva guṇābhitthavanavasena upaññāpanatthaṃ ‘‘saṃyuttavaggapaṭimaṇḍitassā’’tiādi vuttaṃ, devatāsaṃyuttādisaṃyuttehi ceva naḷavaggādivaggehi ca vibhūsitassāti attho. Tattha ‘‘saṃyutta’’nti ‘‘saṃyogo’’ti ca atthato ekaṃ. Kesaṃ saṃyuttaṃ? Suttavaggānaṃ. Yathā hi byañjanasamudāyo padaṃ, evaṃ atthesu ca katāvadhiko padasamudāyo vākyaṃ, vākyasamudāyo suttaṃ, suttasamudāye vaggoti samaññā, tathā suttavaggasamudāye saṃyuttasamaññā. Saṃyujjantīti ettha suttavaggāti saṃyuttaṃ. Yadipi avayavavinimutto samudāyo nāma paramatthato natthi, avayave eva taṃtaṃsannivesavisiṭṭhe upādāya padādisamaññā viya suttavaggasamaññā saṃyuttasamaññā āgamasamaññā ca, tathāpi paramatthato avijjamānopi samudāyo buddhiparikappitarūpena vijjamāno viya gayhamāno avayavānaṃ adhiṭṭhānabhāvena voharīyati yathā ‘‘rukkhe sākhā’’ti, tasmā vuttaṃ ‘‘saṃyuttavaggapaṭimaṇḍitassā’’ti.
Nanu saṃyuttavaggo eva āgamo, tassa pana kehi maṇḍananti? Na codetabbametaṃ. Bhavati hi abhinnepi vatthusmiṃ yathādhippetavisesāvabodhanato bhedakasamudācāro yathā ‘‘silāputtakassa sarīra’’nti. Āgamissanti ettha, etena, etasmā vā attatthaparatthādayoti āgamo, ādikalyāṇādiguṇasampattiyā uttamaṭṭhena taṃtaṃabhipatthitasamiddhihetutāya paṇḍitehi varitabbato varo, āgamo ca so varo cāti āgamavaro. Āgamasammatehi vā varoti āgamavaro, saṃyutto ca so āgamavaro cāti saṃyuttāgamavaro, tassa. Buddhānaṃ anubuddhā buddhānubuddhā, buddhānaṃ saccapaṭivedhaṃ anugamma paṭividdhasaccā aggasāvakādayo ariyā. Tehi atthasaṃvaṇṇanāguṇasaṃvaṇṇanānaṃ vasena saṃvaṇṇitassa.
Atha vā buddhā ca anubuddhā ca buddhānubuddhāti yojetabbaṃ. Sammāsambuddheneva hi vinayasuttaabhidhammānaṃ pakiṇṇakadesanādivasena yo paṭhamaṃ attho vibhatto, so eva pacchā tesaṃ atthavaṇṇanāvasena saṅgītikārehi saṅgahaṃ āropitoti. Ettha ca saṃyuttānaṃ vaggā samūhāti saṃyuttavaggā, sagāthāvaggādayo. Tappariyāpannatāya saṃyuttesu vaggā saṃyuttavaggā, naḷavaggādayo. Saṃyuttāva vaggā saṃyuttavaggā. Tividhepi te ekasesanayena gahetvā vuttaṃ ‘‘saṃyuttavaggapaṭimaṇḍitassā’’ti.
Tattha sagāthāvagge tāva ekādasa saṃyuttāni aṭṭhatiṃsa vaggā. Nidānavagge nava saṃyuttāni ekūnacattālīsa vaggā. Khandhavagge ekādasa saṃyuttāni ekūnasaṭṭhi vaggā. Saḷāyatanavagge nava saṃyuttāni aṭṭhatiṃsa vaggā. Mahāvagge dvādasa saṃyuttāni aṭṭhacattālīsa vaggā. Idamettha saṃyuttantaravaggānaṃ parimāṇaṃ.
Ñāṇappabhedajananassāti paṭiccasamuppādakhandhāyatanādikathābahulatāya gambhīrañāṇacariyāvibhāvanato paññāvibhāgasamuppādakassa. Idha pana ‘‘paññāppabhedajananassā’’ti svāyamāgamo thomito, saṃvaṇṇanāsu cāyaṃ ācariyassa pakati, yadidaṃ taṃtaṃsaṃvaṇṇanānaṃ ādito tassa tassa saṃvaṇṇetabbassa dhammassa visesaguṇakittanena thomanā. Tathā hi sumaṅgalavilāsinīpapañcasūdanīmanorathapūraṇīaṭṭhasālinīādīsu ca yathākkamaṃ ‘‘saddhāvahaguṇassa, paravādamathanassa, dhammakathikapuṅgavānaṃ vicittapaṭibhānajananassa, tassa gambhīrañāṇehi ogāḷhassa abhiṇhaso nānānayavicittassa abhidhammassā’’tiādinā thomanā katā.
6已對照

六、義以它而被講說,故為「義之講說(atthakathā)」;「義之講說」本身[即]「義注(aṭṭhakathā)」——是把 ttha 字作成 ṭṭha 字[而成],猶如「苦有逼迫義(pīḷanaṭṭha)」那樣。「最初」者:即在初、[即]在第一次結集時。由於[具]六神通,[從而]具足最上的心之自在性,又由於於禪等中成就五種自在,[故為]「諸得自在者(vasī)」,[即]大迦葉等諸長老。[即]他們的五個百[位]。「那(yā)」者:即那部義注。「所結集」者:即在適於講說義之處,以「這是這[語]之義,這是這[語]之義」而攝集、宣說。又「被隨結集」,[即]後來在第二、第三次結集中由耶舍長老(Yasatthera)等[所隨結集]。以此[語,阿闍梨]顯示自己釋義的來源清淨。

6. Attho kathīyati etāyāti atthakathā, atthakathāva aṭṭhakathā ttha-kārassa ṭṭha-kāraṃ katvā yathā ‘‘dukkhassa pīḷanaṭṭho’’ti. Āditoti ādimhi paṭhamasaṅgītiyaṃ. Chaḷabhiññatāya paramena cittavasibhāvena samannāgatattā jhānādīsu pañcavidhavasitāsambhāvato ca vasino, therā mahākassapādayo. Tesaṃ satehi pañcahi. Yāti yā aṭṭhakathā. Saṅgītāti atthaṃ kathetuṃ yuttaṭṭhāne ‘‘ayaṃ etassa attho, ayaṃ etassa attho’’ti saṅgahetvā vuttā. Anusaṅgītā ca yasattherādīhi pacchāpi dutiyatatiyasaṅgītīsu. Iminā attano saṃvaṇṇanāya āgamanavisuddhiṃ dasseti.
7已對照

七、由於捕取、[即]捉住獅子,[故為]「師子(sīhaḷa)」,[即]那位獅子王子;由於生於他的世系,[故]銅鍱洲(Tambapaṇṇidīpa)的諸剎帝利[為「師子」];又由於[那是]他們的住處,[故]銅鍱洲也應知[有]「師子」之性。「帶到了」者:即從閻浮提被帶來。「後來(atha)」者:即此後。因為在後來,為了不與其他部派的宗見(nikāyantaraladdhi)相混雜,義注[才]以師子洲語安立了下來。以此[語,阿闍梨]顯示:根本義注並非一切[人]所共通,所以這一顯明義[之事]是必定要作的。正因如此[才]說「為諸洲住民的利益」。此中「諸洲住民的」者:應配合[理解]為——為閻浮提住民、或師子洲住民的利益,[義注]以師子洲語安立了下來。

7. Sīhassa lānato gahaṇato sīhaḷo, sīhakumāro, tabbaṃsajātatāya tambapaṇṇidīpe khattiyā, tesaṃ nivāsatāya tambapaṇṇidīpassa ca sīhaḷabhāvo veditabbo. Ābhatāti jambudīpato ānītā. Athāti pacchā. Aparabhāge hi nikāyantaraladdhīhi asaṅkaratthaṃ sīhaḷabhāsāya aṭṭhakathā ṭhapitāti. Tena mūlaṭṭhakathā sabbasādhāraṇā na hotīti idaṃ atthappakāsanaṃ ekantena karaṇīyanti dasseti. Tenevāha ‘‘dīpavāsīnamatthāyā’’ti. Ettha dīpavāsīnanti jambudīpavāsīnaṃ, sīhaḷadīpavāsīnaṃ vā atthāya sīhaḷabhāsāya ṭhapitāti yojanā.
8緬 1.17已對照

八、「除去」者:即除去猶如外衣一般的師子洲語。「從那[義注]中」者:即從[那部]義注。「我」[一語]是指示自己。「悅意之語」者:即摩揭陀語(māgadhabhāsā)。因為它是自性之語(sabhāvanirutti),能令賢者之意喜樂。正因如此[才]說「契合聖典之法則的」;義即隨順聖典(pāḷi)之行相、隨依聖典之影[而行]的。「離於過失的」者:即離於非自性之語的其他語言。

8. Apanetvāti kañcukasadisaṃ sīhaḷabhāsaṃ apanetvā. Tatoti aṭṭhakathāto. Ahanti attānaṃ niddisati. Manoramaṃ bhāsanti māgadhabhāsaṃ. Sā hi sabhāvaniruttibhūtā paṇḍitamanaṃ ramayati. Tenevāha ‘‘tantinayānucchavika’’nti, pāḷigatiyā anulomikaṃ pāḷichāyānuvidhāyininti attho. Vigatadosanti asabhāvaniruttibhāsantararahitaṃ.
9已對照

九、「[並]不違背……的宗義」者:即不違逆[其]定說(siddhanta)。以此[語,阿闍梨]說無有義之過失。因為正由於不相違背,諸長老之說在此也將被顯明。「長老世系的明燈[者]的」者:由於具足堅固(thira)的戒蘊等,[故為]「長老(thera)」,[即]大迦葉等。由他們而來的阿闍梨相承[即]「長老世系」;[諸師]攝屬於那[世系],由於具足[聖典之]來[傳]與[義之]證得,[從而]以慧燈令它光耀,[故為]「長老世系的明燈」,[即]諸大寺住者;[即]他們的。以種種行相而被裁定,故為「抉擇(vinicchaya)」,[即]於結節之處以破除荒穢(khila)之行相而轉起的、能斷疑之論。他們有極為精微、細密的抉擇,故為「抉擇極為精微[者]」。或者:[能]裁定,故為「抉擇」,[即]以如上所說[之論]為境的智。應配合[理解]為:他們有極為精微、善巧的抉擇。以此[語,阿闍梨]顯示:諸大寺住者的抉擇是從大迦葉等長老相承而來的,正因如此[而]不顛倒、細密微妙;[並顯示]它[可]為準量。

9. Samayaṃ avilomentoti siddhantaṃ avirodhento. Etena atthadosābhāvamāha. Aviruddhattā eva hi theravādāpi idha pakāsīyissanti. Theravaṃsadīpānanti thirehi sīlakkhandhādīhi samannāgatattā therā, mahākassapādayo. Tehi āgatā ācariyaparamparā theravaṃso, tappariyāpannā hutvā āgamādhigamasampannattā paññāpajjotena tassa samujjalanato theravaṃsadīpā, mahāvihāravāsino, tesaṃ. Vividhehi ākārehi nicchīyatīti vinicchayo, gaṇṭhiṭṭhānesu khilamaddanākārena pavattā vimaticchedanī kathā. Suṭṭhunipuṇo saṇho vinicchayo etesanti sunipuṇavinicchayā. Atha vā vinicchinotīti vinicchayo vuttappakāravisayaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Suṭṭhu nipuṇo cheko vinicchayo etesanti yojetabbaṃ. Etena mahākassapāditheraparamparāgato, tato eva ca aviparīto saṇho sukhumo mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ vinicchayo, tassa pamāṇabhūtataṃ dasseti.
10已對照

一〇、「為令善人」中的「與(ca)」一語有合攝之義。以它[阿闍梨]顯示:「不唯為閻浮提住民的利益,而且也為令善人歡喜」。並以此成立了「也為銅鍱洲住民的利益」這一義——因為[它]使受學等容易,故對他們也多有助益。「為令[法]久住」者:即為[法]久住之義,義即為[令其]長時轉起。因為這一顯明義[之事],由於是不顛倒地善安置詞句文字與善導引義的方便,[故]為正法的久住而轉起。因為世尊曾說:「諸比丘,有二法能導至正法的住立、不忘失、不消滅。哪二[法]呢?善安置的詞句文字,與善導引的義。」(《增支部》2.20)

10. Sujanassa cāti ca-saddo sampiṇḍanattho. Tena ‘‘na kevalaṃ jambudīpavāsīnameva atthāya, atha kho sādhujanatosanatthañcā’’ti dasseti. Tena ca ‘‘tambapaṇṇidīpavāsīnampi atthāyā’’ti ayamattho siddho hoti uggahaṇādisukaratāya tesampi bahukārattā. Ciraṭṭhitatthanti ciraṭṭhitiatthaṃ, cirakālappavattanāyāti attho. Idañhi atthappakāsanaṃ aviparītapadabyañjanasunikkhepassa atthasunayassa ca upāyabhāvato saddhammassa ciraṭṭhitiyā pavattati. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā ‘‘dveme, bhikkhave, dhammā saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṃvattanti. Katame dve? Sunikkhittañca padabyañjanaṃ attho ca sunīto’’ti (a. ni. 2.20).
11–12緬 1.18已對照

一一–一二、為避免[阿闍梨]所欲作的義之解說過於廣大,故說了「舍衛城等」等語。正因如此[才]說——「我在此也不再多作廣說了」,以及「在此[義注中]不再多加論究它」。「二結集」者:即《長部》與《中部》二尼柯耶[的結集]。

11–1211-12. Yaṃ atthavaṇṇanaṃ kattukāmo, tassā mahattaṃ pariharituṃ ‘‘sāvatthipabhūtīna’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tenevāha – ‘‘na idha bhiyyo vitthārakathaṃ karissāmi, na taṃ idha vicārayissāmī’’ti ca. Saṅgītīnaṃ dvinnanti dīghamajjhimanikāyānaṃ.
13已對照

一三、為顯示「我在此也不再多作廣說了」[一語]所通說之義的依憑,故說了「然而諸經」等語。

13. ‘‘Na idha bhiyyo vitthārakathaṃ karissāmī’’ti sāmaññato vuttassa atthassa avassayaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘suttānaṃ panā’’tiādi vuttaṃ.
14已對照

一四、[阿闍梨]為向諸講說者作教示——「應把《清淨道論》取作他所欲作的那部義注的一部分」——[故]以「戒論」等語,依舉示的方式顯示在那[《清淨道論》]中所論究的諸法。此中,「戒論」者:即依作持與止持等對戒的廣說之論。「頭陀法」者:即常乞食支等十三種能抖落煩惱之法。「一切業處」者:即聖典中所來的三十八[種]與義注中的二[種],[合為]無餘的、瑜伽之業、[即]修習所轉起之處。「連同性行之分判」者:即連同貪行等[與業處]相順等的分判。「禪」是四色界禪,「等至」是四無色等至。或者:八[者]僅得到[時]是「禪」,由於達於入定之自在性[時]是「等至」。或者:「禪」是色界與無色界禪,「等至」是果等至與滅[盡]等至。

14. Yaṃ aṭṭhakathaṃ kattukāmo, tadekadesabhāvena visuddhimaggo gahetabboti kathikānaṃ upadesaṃ karonto tatta vicāritadhamme uddesavasena dasseti ‘‘sīlakathā’’tiādinā. Tattha sīlakathāti cārittavārittādivasena sīlassa vitthārakathā. Dhutadhammāti piṇḍapātikaṅgādayo terasa kilesadhunanakadhammā. Kammaṭṭhānāni sabbānīti pāḷiyaṃ āgatāni aṭṭhattiṃsa, aṭṭhakathāyaṃ dveti niravasesāni yogakammassa bhāvanāya pavattiṭṭhānāni. Cariyāvidhānasahitoti rāgacariyādīnaṃ sabhāgādividhānena sahito. Jhānāni cattāri rūpāvacarajjhānāni, samāpattiyo catasso arūpasamāpattiyo. Aṭṭhapi vā paṭiladdhamattāni jhānāni, samāpajjanavasibhāvappattiyā samāpattiyo. Jhānāni vā rūpārūpāvacarajjhānāni, samāpattiyo phalasamāpattinirodhasamāpattiyo.
15已對照

一五、有世間與出世間之別的六神通[即]「一切神通」。依《智分別》(Ñāṇavibhaṅga,《分別論》之一品)等中所來之法,以一種等[之門]對慧作合計、[即]合攝而[作]抉擇,[即是]「慧的合計與抉擇」。

15. Lokiyalokuttarabhedā cha abhiññāyo sabbā abhiññāyo. Ñāṇavibhaṅgādīsu āgatanayena ekavidhādinā paññāya saṅkaletvā sampiṇḍetvā nicchayo paññāsaṅkalananicchayo.
16已對照

一六、[作為]緣之諸法、[即]因等,對緣所生之諸法[而言]有因緣等之性,[即是]「緣之行相」;它的教說[即]「緣之行相的教說」,義即緣起之論。而它由於離於與其他部派宗見的混雜,[故]極為清淨;又由於密集的分解(ghanavinibbhoga)極難作,[故]精微、細密微妙;並且[它]在那[《清淨道論》]中是連同一性之理趣(ekattanaya)等而被論究的——[阿闍梨]故說「[其]理趣極清淨而精微」。由於[它]是不捨《無礙解道》等中所來之法而被論究的,[故為]「不離聖典之道」。

16. Paccayadhammānaṃ hetuādīnaṃ paccayuppannadhammānaṃ hetupaccayādibhāvo paccayākāro, tassa desanā paccayākāradesanā, paṭiccasamuppādakathāti attho. Sā pana nikāyantaraladdhisaṅkararahitatāya suṭṭhuparisuddhā, ghanavinibbhogassa ca sudukkaratāya nipuṇā saṇhasukhumā, ekattanayādisahitā ca tattha vicāritāti āha ‘‘suparisuddhanipuṇanayā’’ti. Paṭisambhidādīsu āgatanayaṃ avisajjetvāva vicāritattā avimuttatantimaggā.
17已對照

一七、「然而這一切」中,「iti」一語[用]於終結,「pana」一語[用]於語之莊嚴(vacanālaṅkāra),義即「這一切」。「在此」者:即於這部義注中。意趣是:由於[會成為]重複,[故]我不[再]論究它。

17. Iti pana sabbanti iti-saddo parisamāpane, pana-saddo vacanālaṅkāre, etaṃ sabbanti attho. Idhāti imissā aṭṭhakathāya. Na taṃ vicārayissāmi punaruttibhāvatoti adhippāyo.
18緬 1.19已對照

一八、如今[阿闍梨]為簡別出正是那不加論究[之事]的必定之因,說了「此《清淨道論》,正處於……之中央」等語。此中,以「住[於其中]」一語,由於顯明[它]處於中央之性,[阿闍梨]顯示:《清淨道論》格外是四阿含所共通的義注,不像《吉祥悅意》等那樣是不共通的義注。而這「格外」[一語],是就「《清淨道論》對律與阿毗達摩也隨其所應正是義之解說」[這一點]而說的。

18. Idāni tasseva avicāraṇassa ekantakāraṇaṃ niddhārento ‘‘majjhe visuddhimaggo’’tiādimāha. Tattha ‘‘majjhe ṭhatvā’’ti etena majjhaṭṭhabhāvadīpanena visesato catunnaṃ āgamānaṃ sādhāraṇaṭṭhakathā visuddhimaggo, na sumaṅgalavilāsiniādayo viya asādhāraṇaṭṭhakathāti dasseti. ‘‘Visesato’’ti ca idaṃ vinayābhidhammānampi visuddhimaggo yathārahaṃ atthavaṇṇanā hoti evāti katvā vuttaṃ.
19已對照

一九、「正是這樣(icceva)」者:即「iti eva」。「它也」者:即《清淨道論》也。「這部[義注]」者:即《顯揚真義》(Sāratthappakāsinī)。

而此中,以「[義注]被帶到了師子洲」等語,[阿闍梨]顯示作義注的因緣;以「為諸洲住民的利益」、「為令善人歡喜,併為令法久住」這些[語顯示其]用意;以「我將顯明殊勝的《相應部》之義」一語[顯示其]略義(piṇḍattha);以「我從那[義注]中除去師子洲語」等語、「舍衛城等」等語與「戒論」等語[顯示]作[義注]的方式。因為對下[面]諸尼柯耶與《清淨道論》中已論究之義不再論究,這在此處也正是作[義注]的方式。

序論釋義,終。

19. Iccevāti iti eva. Tampīti visuddhimaggampi. Etāyāti sāratthappakāsiniyā.
Ettha ca ‘‘sīhaḷadīpaṃ ābhatā’’tiādinā aṭṭhakathākaraṇassa nimittaṃ dasseti, ‘‘dīpavāsīnamatthāya sujanassa ca tuṭṭhatthaṃ ciraṭṭhitatthañca dhammassā’’ti etehi payojanaṃ, ‘‘saṃyuttāgamavarassa atthaṃ pakāsayissāmī’’ti etena piṇḍatthaṃ, ‘‘apanetvāna tatohaṃ sīhaḷabhāsa’’ntiādinā ‘‘sāvatthipabhūtīna’’ntiādinā ‘‘sīlakathā’’tiādinā ca karaṇappakāraṃ. Heṭṭhimanikāyesu visuddhimagge ca vicāritānaṃ atthānaṃ avicāraṇampi hi idha karaṇappakāro evāti.
Ganthārambhakathāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
1. Devatāsaṃyuttaṃ
1. Naḷavaggo
2. Nandanavaggo
3. Sattivaggo
4. Satullapakāyikavaggo
5. Ādittavaggo
6. Jarāvaggo
7. Addhavaggo
8. Chetvāvaggo
1. Paṭhamavaggo
2. Anāthapiṇḍikavaggo
3. Nānātitthiyavaggo
1. Paṭhamavaggo
2. Dutiyavaggo
3. Tatiyavaggo
1. Paṭhamavaggo
2. Dutiyavaggo
3. Tatiyavaggo
1. Paṭhamavaggo
2. Dutiyavaggo
1. Arahantavaggo
2. Upāsakavaggo
1. Paṭhamavaggo
2. Dutiyavaggo
3. Tatiyavaggo