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中部第60经 · 无误经 Apaṇṇakasuttaṃ

本经目录十、无误经

92PTS 1.401缅 2.63已对照

十、无误经

九十二、如是我闻——一时,世尊在憍萨罗国(Kosala)游行,与大比丘僧团一同来到憍萨罗人一个名叫娑罗(Sālā)的婆罗门村。娑罗村的婆罗门居士们听说:“诸位,据说沙门乔达摩(Gotama)——释迦(sakya)子,从释迦家族出家者——在憍萨罗国游行,与大比丘僧团一同已到达娑罗。关于那位乔达摩尊师,有这样的善名声传扬:‘那位世尊亦即是阿罗汉(arahaṃ)、正等正觉者(sammāsambuddho)、明行具足(vijjācaraṇasampanno)、善逝(sugato)、世间解(lokavidū)、无上者、调御丈夫(anuttaro purisadammasārathi)、天人导师(satthā devamanussānaṃ)、佛陀(buddho)、世尊(bhagavā)。’他自己以证智证知这个有诸天、魔(māra)、梵天(brahma)的世间,以及有沙门、婆罗门、诸天与人的人众之后,予以宣说。他教导初善、中善、后善的,具足义理与文句的法,显示完全圆满、遍净的梵行(brahmacariya)。能够见到这样的阿罗汉,真是很好。”于是娑罗村的婆罗门居士们来到世尊之处;到了之后,有些礼敬世尊之后坐在一旁,有些与世尊互相问候、交谈了一番愉快而值得忆念的话之后坐在一旁,有些向世尊合掌之后坐在一旁,有些在世尊面前说出自己的名与姓之后坐在一旁,有些默然坐在一旁。

92. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ yena sālā nāma kosalānaṃ brāhmaṇagāmo tadavasari. Assosuṃ kho sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā – ‘‘samaṇo khalu bho gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ sālaṃ anuppatto. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’’ti. Atha kho sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu; sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce bhagavato santike nāmagottaṃ sāvetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu.
93已对照

九十三、世尊对坐在一旁的娑罗村的婆罗门居士们这样说——“居士们,你们可有哪一位可意的导师,是你们已对他获得了有理由的信(ākāravatī saddhā)的?”“尊者,我们没有哪一位可意的导师,是我们已对他获得了有理由的信的。”“居士们,你们既得不到可意的导师,就应当受持这无误法(apaṇṇaka dhamma)而行。居士们,因为无误法被受取、受持时,它将为你们带来长久的利益与安乐。居士们,什么是无误法呢?

93. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho sāleyyake brāhmaṇagahapatike bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘atthi pana vo, gahapatayo, koci manāpo satthā yasmiṃ vo ākāravatī saddhā paṭiladdhā’’ti? ‘‘Natthi kho no, bhante, koci manāpo satthā yasmiṃ no ākāravatī saddhā paṭiladdhā’’ti. ‘‘Manāpaṃ vo, gahapatayo, satthāraṃ alabhantehi ayaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo samādāya vattitabbo. Apaṇṇako hi, gahapatayo, dhammo samatto samādinno, so vo bhavissati dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya. Katamo ca, gahapatayo, apaṇṇako dhammo’’?
94PTS 1.402缅 2.64已对照

九十四、“居士们,有一些沙门、婆罗门是这样说、这样见的——‘没有布施,没有供养(yiṭṭha),没有祭祀(huta);没有善作、恶作之业的果与异熟(vipāka);没有此世,没有他世;没有母,没有父;没有化生的众生(opapātika);世间没有正行的、正行道的沙门、婆罗门,自己以证智证知此世与他世之后加以宣说。’居士们,与那些沙门、婆罗门正相对,有一些沙门、婆罗门是说直接相反之论者。他们这样说——‘有布施,有供养,有祭祀;有善作、恶作之业的果与异熟;有此世,有他世;有母,有父;有化生的众生;世间有正行的、正行道的沙门、婆罗门,自己以证智证知此世与他世之后加以宣说。’居士们,你们认为怎样——‘这些沙门、婆罗门岂不是彼此说直接相反之论者吗?’”“是的,尊者。”

94. ‘‘Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ, natthi hutaṃ; natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ [sukaṭadukkaṭānaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, natthi ayaṃ loko, natthi paro loko; natthi mātā, natthi pitā; natthi sattā opapātikā; natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā [samaggatā (ka.)] sammā paṭipannā ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti. Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā. Te evamāhaṃsu – ‘atthi dinnaṃ, atthi yiṭṭhaṃ, atthi hutaṃ; atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko; atthi ayaṃ loko, atthi paro loko; atthi mātā, atthi pitā; atthi sattā opapātikā; atthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammā paṭipannā ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo – ‘nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā’’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
95已对照

九十五、“居士们,此中,那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门——‘没有布施,没有供养……乃至……自己以证智证知此世与他世之后加以宣说’——对他们来说,这是可期待的——他们将回避身善行、语善行、意善行这三种善法,而受持身恶行、语恶行、意恶行这三种不善法而行。这是什么缘故呢?因为那些沙门、婆罗门尊师看不见不善法的过患、低劣、杂染,[以及]善法于出离中的功德、净白之分。他世确实存在,而他却有‘没有他世’之见,那就是他的邪见。他世确实存在,而他却思惟‘没有他世’,那就是他的邪思惟。他世确实存在,而他却说‘没有他世’之语,那就是他的邪语。他世确实存在,而他却说‘没有他世’,他便与那些了知他世的阿罗汉们相违逆。他世确实存在,而他却使他人信受‘没有他世’,那就是他的非正法之劝信。并且他以那非正法之劝信而自赞、毁他。如是,他先前就已断了善戒性,现起了恶戒性——以及这邪见、邪思惟、邪语、与圣者的相违逆、非正法之劝信、自赞、毁他。如是,他的这些众多恶不善法,以邪见为缘而生起。

95. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ…pe… ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ? Yamidaṃ [yadidaṃ (ka.)] kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ – ime tayo kusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā [abhinibbajjetvā (syā. kaṃ.), abhinibbijjitvā (ka.)] yamidaṃ [yadidaṃ (ka.)] kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ – ime tayo akusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Na hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā passanti akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti micchāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti micchāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti āha; ye te arahanto paralokaviduno tesamayaṃ paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti paraṃ saññāpeti [paññāpeti (ka.)]; sāssa hoti asaddhammasaññatti [assaddhammapaññatti (ka.)]. Tāya ca pana asaddhammasaññattiyā attānukkaṃseti, paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa susīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, dussīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ – ayañca micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvācā ariyānaṃ paccanīkatā asaddhammasaññatti attukkaṃsanā paravambhanā. Evamassime [evaṃ’si’me’ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti micchādiṭṭhipaccayā.
PTS 1.403缅 2.65已对照

“居士们,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘倘若没有他世,那么这位人士身坏之后,将使自身平安;倘若有他世,那么这位人士身坏命终之后,将投生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。就算没有他世,就算那些沙门、婆罗门尊师的话是真实的,然而这位人士就在现法中为诸有智者所呵责——[说他是]恶戒的人、邪见者、虚无论者。’而倘若确实有他世,那么这位人士在两方面都是失败之掷(kaliggaha):既在于他就在现法中为诸有智者所呵责,也在于他身坏命终之后将投生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。如是,这无误法被他错误地受取、受持,[只]遍及一边而住,舍弃了善的处所。

‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sace kho natthi paro loko evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā sotthimattānaṃ karissati; sace kho atthi paro loko evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu paro loko, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho – dussīlo purisapuggalo micchādiṭṭhi natthikavādo’ti. Sace kho attheva paro loko, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaliggaho – yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo dussamatto samādinno, ekaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati kusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
96PTS 1.404缅 2.66已对照

九十六、“居士们,此中,那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门——‘有布施……乃至……自己以证智证知此世与他世之后加以宣说’——对他们来说,这是可期待的——他们将回避身恶行、语恶行、意恶行这三种不善法,而受持身善行、语善行、意善行这三种善法而行。这是什么缘故呢?因为那些沙门、婆罗门尊师看见了不善法的过患、低劣、杂染,[以及]善法于出离中的功德、净白之分。他世确实存在,而他有‘有他世’之见,那就是他的正见。他世确实存在,而他思惟‘有他世’,那就是他的正思惟。他世确实存在,而他说‘有他世’之语,那就是他的正语。他世确实存在,而他说‘有他世’,他便不与那些了知他世的阿罗汉们相违逆。他世确实存在,而他使他人信受‘有他世’,那就是他的正法之劝信。并且他不以那正法之劝信而自赞,也不毁他。如是,他先前就已断了恶戒性,现起了善戒性——以及这正见、正思惟、正语、与圣者的不相违逆、正法之劝信、不自赞、不毁他。如是,他的这些众多善法,以正见为缘而生起。

96. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘atthi dinnaṃ…pe… ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ? Yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ – ime tayo akusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ – ime tayo kusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Passanti hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti sammāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti sammāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti āha; ye te arahanto paralokaviduno tesamayaṃ na paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti saddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana saddhammasaññattiyā nevattānukkaṃseti, na paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa dussīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, susīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ – ayañca sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā ariyānaṃ apaccanīkatā saddhammasaññatti anattukkaṃsanā aparavambhanā. Evamassime aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti sammādiṭṭhipaccayā.
已对照

“居士们,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘倘若有他世,那么这位人士身坏命终之后,将投生于善趣、天界。就算没有他世,就算那些沙门、婆罗门尊师的话是真实的,然而这位人士就在现法中为诸有智者所称赞——[说他是]具戒的人、正见者、有论者。’而倘若确实有他世,那么这位人士在两方面都是得胜之掷(kaṭaggaha):既在于他就在现法中为诸有智者所称赞,也在于他身坏命终之后将投生于善趣、天界。如是,这无误法被他正确地受取、受持,遍及两边而住,舍弃了不善的处所。

‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sace kho atthi paro loko, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu paro loko, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso – sīlavā purisapuggalo sammādiṭṭhi atthikavādo’ti. Sace kho attheva paro loko, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaṭaggaho – yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo susamatto samādinno, ubhayaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati akusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
97PTS 1.405缅 2.67已对照

九十七、“居士们,有一些沙门、婆罗门是这样说、这样见的——‘作者与令作者,切割者与令切割者,折磨者与令折磨者,使忧愁者与令使忧愁者,使疲惫者与令使疲惫者,使战栗者与令使战栗者,杀害生命者,取不与取者,破门入室者,掠夺者,行劫独户者,拦路伏击者,与他人之妻苟合者,说虚妄语者——[这样]作时,恶并没有被造作。即使有人以边缘锋利如剃刀的轮,把这大地上的众生做成一团肉、一堆肉,也不会由此而有恶,不会有恶的临至。即使有人沿着恒河南岸前行,杀害、令杀害,切割、令切割,折磨、令折磨,也不会由此而有恶,不会有恶的临至。即使有人沿着恒河北岸前行,布施、令布施,祭祀、令祭祀,也不会由此而有福,不会有福的临至。以布施、调御、自制、说真实语,没有福,也不会有福的临至。’居士们,与那些沙门、婆罗门正相对,有一些沙门、婆罗门是说直接相反之论者,他们这样说——‘作者与令作者,切割者与令切割者,折磨者与令折磨者,使忧愁者与令使忧愁者,使疲惫者与令使疲惫者,使战栗者与令使战栗者,杀害生命者,取不与取者,破门入室者,掠夺者,行劫独户者,拦路伏击者,与他人之妻苟合者,说虚妄语者——[这样]作时,恶被造作了。即使有人以边缘锋利如剃刀的轮,把这大地上的众生做成一团肉、一堆肉,也会由此而有恶,会有恶的临至。即使有人沿着恒河南岸前行,杀害、令杀害,切割、令切割,折磨、令折磨,也会由此而有恶,会有恶的临至。即使有人沿着恒河北岸前行,布施、令布施,祭祀、令祭祀,也会由此而有福,会有福的临至。以布施、调御、自制、说真实语,有福,也会有福的临至。’居士们,你们认为怎样,这些沙门、婆罗门岂不是彼此说直接相反之论者吗?”“是的,尊者。”

97. ‘‘Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato [pāṇamatimāpayato (sī. pī.), pāṇamatipātāpayato (syā. kaṃ.), pāṇamatipāpayato (ka.)], adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ. Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento, chindanto chedāpento, pacanto pācento; natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento, yajanto yajāpento; natthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo. Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena [saccavācena (ka.)] natthi puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo’ti. Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā te evamāhaṃsu – ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto karīyati pāpaṃ. Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento, chindanto chedāpento, pacanto pācento; atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento, yajanto yajāpento; atthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo. Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena atthi puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo, nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
98PTS 1.406缅 2.68已对照

九十八、“居士们,此中,那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门——‘作者与令作者,切割者与令切割者,折磨者与令折磨者,使忧愁者与令使忧愁者,使疲惫者与令使疲惫者,使战栗者与令使战栗者,杀害生命者,取不与取者,破门入室者,掠夺者,行劫独户者,拦路伏击者,与他人之妻苟合者,说虚妄语者——[这样]作时,恶并没有被造作。即使有人以边缘锋利如剃刀的轮,把这大地上的众生做成一团肉、一堆肉,也不会由此而有恶,不会有恶的临至。即使有人沿着恒河南岸前行,杀害、令杀害……乃至……以布施、调御、自制、说真实语,没有福,也不会有福的临至’——对他们来说,这是可期待的——他们将回避身善行、语善行、意善行这三种善法,而受持身恶行、语恶行、意恶行这三种不善法而行。这是什么缘故呢?因为那些沙门、婆罗门尊师看不见不善法的过患、低劣、杂染,[以及]善法于出离中的功德、净白之分。作确实存在,而他却有‘没有作’之见,那就是他的邪见。作确实存在,而他却思惟‘没有作’,那就是他的邪思惟。作确实存在,而他却说‘没有作’之语,那就是他的邪语。作确实存在,而他却说‘没有作’,他便与那些是有作论者的阿罗汉们相违逆。作确实存在,而他却使他人信受‘没有作’,那就是他的非正法之劝信。并且他以那非正法之劝信而自赞、毁他。如是,他先前就已断了善戒性,现起了恶戒性——以及这邪见、邪思惟、邪语、与圣者的相违逆、非正法之劝信、自赞、毁他。如是,他的这些众多恶不善法,以邪见为缘而生起。

98. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ. Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento…pe… dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena natthi puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ? Yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ – ime tayo kusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ – ime tayo akusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Na hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā passanti akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti micchāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti micchāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti āha, ye te arahanto kiriyavādā tesamayaṃ paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti asaddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana asaddhammasaññattiyā attānukkaṃseti, paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa susīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, dussīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ – ayañca micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvācā ariyānaṃ paccanīkatā asaddhammasaññatti attukkaṃsanā paravambhanā. Evamassime aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti micchādiṭṭhipaccayā.
已对照

“居士们,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘倘若没有作,那么这位人士身坏之后,将使自身平安;倘若有作,那么这位人士身坏命终之后,将投生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。就算没有作,就算那些沙门、婆罗门尊师的话是真实的,然而这位人士就在现法中为诸有智者所呵责——[说他是]恶戒的人、邪见者、无作论者。’而倘若确实有作,那么这位人士在两方面都是失败之掷:既在于他就在现法中为诸有智者所呵责,也在于他身坏命终之后将投生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。如是,这无误法被他错误地受取、受持,[只]遍及一边而住,舍弃了善的处所。

‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sace kho natthi kiriyā, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā sotthimattānaṃ karissati; sace kho atthi kiriyā evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu kiriyā, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho – dussīlo purisapuggalo micchādiṭṭhi akiriyavādo’ti. Sace kho attheva kiriyā, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaliggaho – yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo dussamatto samādinno, ekaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati kusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
99PTS 1.407缅 2.69已对照

九十九、“居士们,此中,那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门——‘作者与令作者,切割者与令切割者,折磨者与令折磨者,使忧愁者与令使忧愁者,使疲惫者与令使疲惫者,使战栗者与令使战栗者,杀害生命者,取不与取者,破门入室者,掠夺者,行劫独户者,拦路伏击者,与他人之妻苟合者,说虚妄语者——[这样]作时,恶被造作了。即使有人以边缘锋利如剃刀的轮,把这大地上的众生做成一团肉、一堆肉,也会由此而有恶,会有恶的临至。即使有人沿着恒河南岸前行,杀害、令杀害,切割、令切割,折磨、令折磨,也会由此而有恶,会有恶的临至。即使有人沿着恒河北岸前行,布施、令布施,祭祀、令祭祀,也会由此而有福,会有福的临至。以布施、调御、自制、说真实语,有福,也会有福的临至’——对他们来说,这是可期待的——他们将回避身恶行、语恶行、意恶行这三种不善法,而受持身善行、语善行、意善行这三种善法而行。这是什么缘故呢?因为那些沙门、婆罗门尊师看见了不善法的过患、低劣、杂染,[以及]善法于出离中的功德、净白之分。作确实存在,而他有‘有作’之见,那就是他的正见。作确实存在,而他思惟‘有作’,那就是他的正思惟。作确实存在,而他说‘有作’之语,那就是他的正语。作确实存在,而他说‘有作’,他便不与那些是有作论者的阿罗汉们相违逆。作确实存在,而他使他人信受‘有作’,那就是他的正法之劝信。并且他不以那正法之劝信而自赞,也不毁他。如是,他先前就已断了恶戒性,现起了善戒性——以及这正见、正思惟、正语、与圣者的不相违逆、正法之劝信、不自赞、不毁他。如是,他的这些众多善法,以正见为缘而生起。

99. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto karīyati pāpaṃ. Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento, chindanto chedāpento, pacanto pācento, atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento, yajanto yajāpento, atthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo. Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena atthi puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ? Yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ – ime tayo akusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ – ime tayo kusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Passanti hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti sammāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti sammāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti āha; ye te arahanto kiriyavādā tesamayaṃ na paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti saddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana saddhammasaññattiyā nevattānukkaṃseti, na paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa dussīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, susīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ – ayañca sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā ariyānaṃ apaccanīkatā saddhammasaññatti anattukkaṃsanā aparavambhanā. Evamassime aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti sammādiṭṭhipaccayā.
已对照

“居士们,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘倘若有作,那么这位人士身坏命终之后,将投生于善趣、天界。就算没有作,就算那些沙门、婆罗门尊师的话是真实的,然而这位人士就在现法中为诸有智者所称赞——[说他是]具戒的人、正见者、有作论者。’而倘若确实有作,那么这位人士在两方面都是得胜之掷:既在于他就在现法中为诸有智者所称赞,也在于他身坏命终之后将投生于善趣、天界。如是,这无误法被他正确地受取、受持,遍及两边而住,舍弃了不善的处所。

‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sace kho atthi kiriyā, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu kiriyā, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso – sīlavā purisapuggalo sammādiṭṭhi kiriyavādo’ti. Sace kho attheva kiriyā, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaṭaggaho – yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo susamatto samādinno, ubhayaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati akusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
100PTS 1.408缅 2.70已对照

一〇〇、“居士们,有一些沙门、婆罗门是这样说、这样见的——‘诸众生的杂染没有因(hetu)、没有缘(paccaya),诸众生无因无缘而杂染;诸众生的清净没有因、没有缘,诸众生无因无缘而清净。没有力,没有精进,没有人的力量,没有人的努力;一切众生、一切生命、一切生物、一切命者都无自主、无力、无精进,由命运、际遇与本性而转变,唯在六生类(chaḷābhijāti)中感受苦乐。’居士们,与那些沙门、婆罗门正相对,有一些沙门、婆罗门是说直接相反之论者。他们这样说——‘诸众生的杂染有因、有缘,诸众生有因有缘而杂染;诸众生的清净有因、有缘,诸众生有因有缘而清净。有力,有精进,有人的力量,有人的努力;并非一切众生、一切生命、一切生物、一切命者都无自主、无力、无精进,由命运、际遇与本性而转变,唯在六生类中感受苦乐。’居士们,你们认为怎样,这些沙门、婆罗门岂不是彼此说直接相反之论者吗?”“是的,尊者。”

100. ‘‘Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; ahetū appaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhanti. Natthi balaṃ, natthi vīriyaṃ [viriyaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)], natthi purisathāmo, natthi purisaparakkamo; sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṃgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti. Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā. Te evamāhaṃsu – ‘atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; sahetū sappaccayā sattā visujjhanti. Atthi balaṃ, atthi vīriyaṃ, atthi purisathāmo, atthi purisaparakkamo; na sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā [atthi purisaparakkamo, sabbe sattā… savasā sabalā savīriyā (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] niyatisaṃgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo, nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā’ti? ‘Evaṃ, bhante’.
101缅 2.71已对照

一〇一、“居士们,此中,那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门——‘诸众生的杂染没有因、没有缘,诸众生无因无缘而杂染;诸众生的清净没有因、没有缘,诸众生无因无缘而清净。没有力,没有精进,没有人的力量,没有人的努力;一切众生、一切生命、一切生物、一切命者都无自主、无力、无精进,由命运、际遇与本性而转变,唯在六生类中感受苦乐’——对他们来说,这是可期待的——他们将回避身善行、语善行、意善行这三种善法,而受持身恶行、语恶行、意恶行这三种不善法而行。这是什么缘故呢?因为那些沙门、婆罗门尊师看不见不善法的过患、低劣、杂染,[以及]善法于出离中的功德、净白之分。因确实存在,而他却有‘没有因’之见,那就是他的邪见。因确实存在,而他却思惟‘没有因’,那就是他的邪思惟。因确实存在,而他却说‘没有因’之语,那就是他的邪语。因确实存在,而他却说‘没有因’,他便与那些是有因论者的阿罗汉们相违逆。因确实存在,而他却使他人信受‘没有因’,那就是他的非正法之劝信。并且他以那非正法之劝信而自赞、毁他。如是,他先前就已断了善戒性,现起了恶戒性——以及这邪见、邪思惟、邪语、与圣者的相违逆、非正法之劝信、自赞、毁他。如是,他的这些众多恶不善法,以邪见为缘而生起。

101. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; ahetū appaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhanti. Natthi balaṃ, natthi vīriyaṃ, natthi purisathāmo, natthi purisaparakkamo; sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṃgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ? Yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ – ime tayo kusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ – ime tayo akusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Na hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā passanti akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti micchāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti micchāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti āha; ye te arahanto hetuvādā tesamayaṃ paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti asaddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana asaddhammasaññattiyā attānukkaṃseti, paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa susīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, dussīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ – ayañca micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvācā ariyānaṃ paccanīkatā asaddhammasaññatti attānukkaṃsanā paravambhanā. Evamassime aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti micchādiṭṭhipaccayā.
PTS 1.409已对照

“居士们,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘倘若没有因,那么这位人士身坏命终之后,将使自身平安;倘若有因,那么这位人士身坏命终之后,将投生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。就算没有因,就算那些沙门、婆罗门尊师的话是真实的,然而这位人士就在现法中为诸有智者所呵责——[说他是]恶戒的人、邪见者、无因论者。’而倘若确实有因,那么这位人士在两方面都是失败之掷:既在于他就在现法中为诸有智者所呵责,也在于他身坏命终之后将投生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。如是,这无误法被他错误地受取、受持,[只]遍及一边而住,舍弃了善的处所。

‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sace kho natthi hetu, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sotthimattānaṃ karissati; sace kho atthi hetu, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu hetu, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho – dussīlo purisapuggalo micchādiṭṭhi ahetukavādo’ti. Sace kho attheva hetu, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaliggaho – yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo dussamatto samādinno, ekaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati kusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
102缅 2.72已对照

一〇二、“居士们,此中,那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门——‘诸众生的杂染有因、有缘,诸众生有因有缘而杂染;诸众生的清净有因、有缘,诸众生有因有缘而清净。有力,有精进,有人的力量,有人的努力;并非一切众生、一切生命、一切生物、一切命者都无自主、无力、无精进,由命运、际遇与本性而转变,唯在六生类中感受苦乐’——对他们来说,这是可期待的——他们将回避身恶行、语恶行、意恶行这三种不善法,而受持身善行、语善行、意善行这三种善法而行。这是什么缘故呢?因为那些沙门、婆罗门尊师看见了不善法的过患、低劣、杂染,[以及]善法于出离中的功德、净白之分。因确实存在,而他有‘有因’之见,那就是他的正见。因确实存在,而他思惟‘有因’,那就是他的正思惟。因确实存在,而他说‘有因’之语,那就是他的正语。因确实存在,而他说‘有因’,他便不与那些是有因论者的阿罗汉们相违逆。因确实存在,而他使他人信受‘有因’,那就是他的正法之劝信。并且他不以那正法之劝信而自赞,也不毁他。如是,他先前就已断了恶戒性,现起了善戒性——以及这正见、正思惟、正语、与圣者的不相违逆、正法之劝信、不自赞、不毁他。如是,他的这些众多善法,以正见为缘而生起。

102. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; sahetū sappaccayā sattā visujjhanti. Atthi balaṃ, atthi vīriyaṃ, atthi purisathāmo, atthi purisaparakkamo; na sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṃgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ? Yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ – ime tayo akusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ – ime tayo kusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Passanti hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti sammāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti sammāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti āha, ye te arahanto hetuvādā tesamayaṃ na paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti saddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana saddhammasaññattiyā nevattānukkaṃseti, na paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa dussīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, susīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ – ayañca sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā ariyānaṃ apaccanīkatā saddhammasaññatti anattukkaṃsanā aparavambhanā. Evamassime aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti sammādiṭṭhipaccayā.
PTS 1.410已对照

“居士们,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘倘若有因,那么这位人士身坏命终之后,将投生于善趣、天界。就算没有因,就算那些沙门、婆罗门尊师的话是真实的,然而这位人士就在现法中为诸有智者所称赞——[说他是]具戒的人、正见者、有因论者。’而倘若有因,那么这位人士在两方面都是得胜之掷:既在于他就在现法中为诸有智者所称赞,也在于他身坏命终之后将投生于善趣、天界。如是,这无误法被他正确地受取、受持,遍及两边而住,舍弃了不善的处所。

‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sace kho atthi hetu, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu hetu, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso – sīlavā purisapuggalo sammādiṭṭhi hetuvādo’ti. Sace kho atthi hetu, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaṭaggaho – yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo susamatto samādinno, ubhayaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati akusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
103缅 2.73已对照

一〇三、“居士们,有一些沙门、婆罗门是这样说、这样见的——‘完全没有诸无色[界](āruppā)。’居士们,与那些沙门、婆罗门正相对,有一些沙门、婆罗门是说直接相反之论者。他们这样说——‘完全有诸无色[界]。’居士们,你们认为怎样,这些沙门、婆罗门岂不是彼此说直接相反之论者吗?”“是的,尊者。”“居士们,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门尊师——“完全没有诸无色[界]”——这是我所未见的;而那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门尊师——“完全有诸无色[界]”——这是我所未知的。而我若不知、不见,却一向执取而宣称:“唯此是真实,余者虚妄”,这对我是不恰当的。那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门尊师——“完全没有诸无色[界]”——倘若那些沙门、婆罗门尊师的话是真实的,这是有处、有机会的:凡那些有色的、意所成的天,我投生到那里,将是无误的。而那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门尊师——“完全有诸无色[界]”——倘若那些沙门、婆罗门尊师的话是真实的,这是有处、有机会的:凡那些无色的、想所成的天,我投生到那里,将是无误的。确实可见,以色为因而有执杖、执刀、争吵、争执、诤论、尔汝相斥、离间语、妄语;而在无色中,这一切完全没有。’他如是省思之后,便为了唯对诸色的厌离、离贪、灭而行道。

103. ‘‘Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi sabbaso āruppā’ti. Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā. Te evamāhaṃsu – ‘atthi sabbaso āruppā’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo, nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, idaṃ me adiṭṭhaṃ; yepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘atthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, idaṃ me aviditaṃ. Ahañceva [ahañce (?)] kho pana ajānanto apassanto ekaṃsena ādāya vohareyyaṃ – idameva saccaṃ, moghamaññanti, na metaṃ assa patirūpaṃ. Ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati – ye te devā rūpino manomayā, apaṇṇakaṃ me tatrūpapatti bhavissati. Ye pana te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘atthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati – ye te devā arūpino saññāmayā, apaṇṇakaṃ me tatrūpapatti bhavissati. Dissanti kho pana rūpādhikaraṇaṃ [rūpakāraṇā (ka.)] daṇḍādāna-satthādāna-kalaha-viggaha-vivāda-tuvaṃtuvaṃ-pesuñña-musāvādā. ‘Natthi kho panetaṃ sabbaso arūpe’’’ti. So iti paṭisaṅkhāya rūpānaṃyeva nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.
104PTS 1.411缅 2.74已对照

一〇四、“居士们,有一些沙门、婆罗门是这样说、这样见的——‘完全没有有之灭(bhavanirodha)。’居士们,与那些沙门、婆罗门正相对,有一些沙门、婆罗门是说直接相反之论者。他们这样说——‘完全有有之灭。’居士们,你们认为怎样,这些沙门、婆罗门岂不是彼此说直接相反之论者吗?”“是的,尊者。”“居士们,此中,有智之人这样思察:‘那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门尊师——“完全没有有之灭”——这是我所未见的;而那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门尊师——“完全有有之灭”——这是我所未知的。而我若不知、不见,却一向执取而宣称:“唯此是真实,余者虚妄”,这对我是不恰当的。那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门尊师——“完全没有有之灭”——倘若那些沙门、婆罗门尊师的话是真实的,这是有处、有机会的:凡那些无色的、想所成的天,我投生到那里,将是无误的。而那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门尊师——“完全有有之灭”——倘若那些沙门、婆罗门尊师的话是真实的,这是有处、有机会的:我将就在现法中般涅槃。那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门尊师——“完全没有有之灭”——他们的这见近于贪染,近于结缚,近于欢喜,近于耽著,近于取。而那些是这样说、这样见的沙门、婆罗门尊师——“完全有有之灭”——他们的这见近于无贪染,近于无结缚,近于无欢喜,近于无耽著,近于无取。’他如是省思之后,便为了唯对诸有的厌离、离贪、灭而行道。

104. ‘‘Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti. Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā. Te evamāhaṃsu – ‘atthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo, nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, idaṃ me adiṭṭhaṃ; yepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘atthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, idaṃ me aviditaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana ajānanto apassanto ekaṃsena ādāya vohareyyaṃ – idameva saccaṃ, moghamaññanti, na metaṃ assa patirūpaṃ. Ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati – ye te devā arūpino saññāmayā apaṇṇakaṃ me tatrūpapatti bhavissati. Ye pana te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘atthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati – yaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyissāmi. Ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘natthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, tesamayaṃ diṭṭhi sārāgāya [sarāgāya (syā. kaṃ.)] santike, saṃyogāya santike, abhinandanāya santike, ajjhosānāya santike, upādānāya santike. Ye pana te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘atthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, tesamayaṃ diṭṭhi asārāgāya santike, asaṃyogāya santike, anabhinandanāya santike, anajjhosānāya santike, anupādānāya santike’’’ti. So iti paṭisaṅkhāya bhavānaṃyeva nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.
105PTS 1.412已对照

一〇五、“居士们,世间有这四种人存在、可得。哪四种[人]呢?居士们,在此,有一类人是自苦者,从事自我折磨之行。居士们,在此,有一类人是苦他者,从事折磨他人之行。居士们,在此,有一类人既是自苦者、从事自我折磨之行,又是苦他者、从事折磨他人之行。居士们,在此,有一类人既不是自苦者、不从事自我折磨之行,也不是苦他者、不从事折磨他人之行。他不自苦、不苦他,就在现法中无饥渴、已寂灭、已清凉,领受乐,以已成梵的自身而住。

105. ‘‘Cattārome, gahapatayo, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo attantapo hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo parantapo hoti paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo attantapo ca hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo nevattantapo hoti nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati.
106PTS 1.413缅 2.75已对照

一〇六、“居士们,什么样的人是自苦者、从事自我折磨之行呢?居士们,在此,有一类人是裸行者,行为无拘,舔手[而食]……乃至……他就这样住于修习种种炙烤、逼迫身体之行。居士们,这称为自苦者、从事自我折磨之行的人。

“居士们,什么样的人是苦他者、从事折磨他人之行呢?居士们,在此,有一类人是屠羊者、屠猪者……乃至……以及其他凡作残酷行业者。居士们,这称为苦他者、从事折磨他人之行的人。

“居士们,什么样的人既是自苦者、从事自我折磨之行,又是苦他者、从事折磨他人之行呢?居士们,在此,有一类人或是已灌顶的刹帝利王……乃至……他们也受刑杖胁迫、受怖畏胁迫,泪流满面地哭泣着做准备工作。居士们,这称为既是自苦者、从事自我折磨之行,又是苦他者、从事折磨他人之行的人。

“居士们,什么样的人既不是自苦者、不从事自我折磨之行,也不是苦他者、不从事折磨他人之行——他不自苦、不苦他,就在现法中无饥渴、已寂灭、已清凉,领受乐,以已成梵的自身而住呢?居士们,于此,如来出现于世间,是阿罗汉、正等正觉者……乃至……他舍断这五盖——心的随烦恼、令慧羸弱者——之后,已离诸欲,离诸不善法,有寻、有伺,离生喜、乐,成就并住于初禅;寻、伺寂止,内洁净,心专一性,无寻、无伺,定生喜、乐,第二禅……乃至……第三禅……成就并住于第四禅。

“当他的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于宿住随念智。他回忆起许多种宿住,即:一生、二生……乃至……如此,他回忆起具有行相、具有细节的许多种宿住。当他的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于众生死生智。他以清净、超人的天眼,看见众生的死亡与投生:或低贱或高贵,或美丽或丑陋,或善趣或恶趣……乃至……了知众生随业而去。当他的心如此得定、清净、皎洁、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适于作业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向于漏尽智。他如实了知‘此是苦’……乃至……如实了知‘此是导至漏灭之道’。当他如此知、如此见时,心从欲漏解脱,心从有漏解脱,心从无明漏解脱;于解脱时,有‘已解脱’之智。他了知:‘生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,再无后有。’居士们,这称为既不是自苦者、不从事自我折磨之行,也不是苦他者、不从事折磨他人之行的人。他不自苦、不苦他,就在现法中无饥渴、已寂灭、已清凉,领受乐,以已成梵的自身而住。”

这样说时,娑罗村的婆罗门居士们对世尊这样说——“奇哉!乔达摩尊师,奇哉!乔达摩尊师。乔达摩尊师,犹如把倒覆的扶起,把遮蔽的揭开,为迷路者指示道路,在黑暗中持来油灯,使有眼者得见诸色。正是如此,乔达摩尊师以种种方式开显了法。我们皈依(saraṇa)那位乔达摩尊师、法与比丘僧团。愿乔达摩尊师忆持我们为优婆塞(upāsaka),从今日起,终生皈依。”

106. ‘‘Katamo ca, gahapatayo, puggalo attantapo attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto? Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo acelako hoti muttācāro hatthāpalekhano…pe… [vitthāro ma. ni. 2.6-7 kandarakasutte] iti evarūpaṃ anekavihitaṃ kāyassa ātāpanaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto viharati. Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapatayo, puggalo attantapo attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
‘‘Katamo ca, gahapatayo, puggalo parantapo paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto? Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo orabbhiko hoti sūkariko…pe… ye vā panaññepi keci kurūrakammantā. Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapatayo, puggalo parantapo paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
‘‘Katamo ca, gahapatayo, puggalo attantapo ca attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto? Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo rājā vā hoti khattiyo muddhāvasitto…pe… tepi daṇḍatajjitā bhayatajjitā assumukhā rudamānā parikammāni karonti. Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapatayo, puggalo attantapo ca attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
‘‘Katamo ca, gahapatayo, puggalo nevattantapo nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati? Idha, gahapatayo, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho…pe… so ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapatayo, puggalo nevattantapo nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharatī’’ti.
Evaṃ vutte, sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama! Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Ete mayaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsake no bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gate’’ti.
Apaṇṇakasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dasamaṃ.
Gahapativaggo niṭṭhito paṭhamo.
已对照

《无误经》终,[《居士品》中之]第十[经]。

《居士品》终,第一[品]。

其摄颂——

干达罗迦、八城与有学,波多利耶,又耆婆·童子医;

优波离之调伏、持狗行者、无畏,多受、无误为第十。

Tassuddānaṃ –
Kandaranāgarasekhavato ca, potaliyo puna jīvakabhacco;
Upālidamatho kukkuraabhayo, bahuvedanīyāpaṇṇakato dasamo.
2. Bhikkhuvaggo