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本经目录一、第一五十[经]一、慈品一、慈经二、慧经三、第一不可爱经四、第二不可爱经五、第一世间法经六、第二世间法经七、提婆达多失坏经八、优多罗失坏经九、难陀经十、秕糠经慈品第一。

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一、第一五十[经]

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一、慈品

1. Mettāvaggo
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一、慈经

1. Mettāsuttaṃ
1PTS 4.150缅 3.1已对照

一、如是我闻——一时,世尊住在舍卫城祇树林给孤独园。在那里,世尊召唤诸比丘:“诸比丘。”“尊者。”那些比丘应诺世尊。世尊这样说——

“诸比丘,慈心解脱若已串习、已修习、已多作、已作车乘、已作基地、已确立、已积习、已善精勤,可期待八种功德。哪八种[功德]呢?安乐地睡,安乐地醒,不见恶梦,为人们所爱,为非人所爱,诸天神守护[他],火或毒或刀不侵入他,若未通达更上[之法],则趣往梵天界。诸比丘,慈心解脱若已串习、已修习、已多作、已作车乘、已作基地、已确立、已积习、已善精勤,可期待这八种功德。”

“凡具念而修习无量之慈者,

[他的]诸结变得稀薄,[他]见到依之灭尽。

“若以无瞋恶之心,即使只对一个众生

行慈,他也因此成为善者;

而以意悲悯一切众生的

圣者,造作丰厚的福。

“那些征服了充满众生的大地的

诸王仙,祭祀着而巡行:

马祭(assamedha)、人祭(purisamedha),

掷栓祭(sammāpāsa)、饮力祭(vājapeyya)、无闩祭(niraggaḷa)——

“它们连善修习的慈心的

十六分之一也不及,

犹如一切星群[比于]月光,

连[它的]十六分之一也不值。

“不杀,也不令[人]杀;不侵损,也不令[人]侵损;

对一切众生怀着慈之分,他就与任何人都没有怨。”第一[经]。

1. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
[a. ni. 11.15] ‘‘Mettāya, bhikkhave, cetovimuttiyā āsevitāya bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya aṭṭhānisaṃsā pāṭikaṅkhā. Katame aṭṭha? Sukhaṃ supati, sukhaṃ paṭibujjhati, na pāpakaṃ supinaṃ passati, manussānaṃ piyo hoti, amanussānaṃ piyo hoti, devatā rakkhanti, nāssa aggi vā visaṃ vā satthaṃ vā kamati, uttariṃ appaṭivijjhanto brahmalokūpago hoti. Mettāya, bhikkhave, cetovimuttiyā āsevitāya bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya ime aṭṭhānisaṃsā pāṭikaṅkhā’’ti.
‘‘Yo ca mettaṃ bhāvayati, appamāṇaṃ paṭissato [patissato (sī.)];
Tanū saṃyojanā honti, passato upadhikkhayaṃ.
‘‘Ekampi ce pāṇamaduṭṭhacitto,
Mettāyati kusalī tena hoti;
Sabbe ca pāṇe manasānukampī,
Pahūtamariyo pakaroti puññaṃ.
‘‘Ye sattasaṇḍaṃ pathaviṃ vijetvā,
Rājisayo yajamānā anupariyagā;
Assamedhaṃ purisamedhaṃ,
Sammāpāsaṃ vājapeyyaṃ niraggaḷaṃ.
‘‘Mettassa cittassa subhāvitassa,
Kalampi te nānubhavanti soḷasiṃ;
Candappabhā tāragaṇāva sabbe,
Yathā na agghanti kalampi soḷasiṃ [ayaṃ pādo bahūsu na dissati].
‘‘Yo na hanti na ghāteti, na jināti na jāpaye;
Mettaṃso sabbabhūtānaṃ, veraṃ tassa na kenacī’’ti. paṭhamaṃ;
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二、慧经

2. Paññāsuttaṃ
2已对照

二、“诸比丘,有这八种因、八种缘,能使未得的梵行之初的慧得以获得,使已得的[慧]增多、广大、由修习而圆满。哪八种[因缘]呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘依止导师或某位堪为尊重的同梵行者而住,对他有强烈的惭愧现起,且有爱与恭敬。诸比丘,这是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以获得、使已得的[慧]增多、广大、由修习而圆满的第一种因、第一种缘。

2. ‘‘Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, hetū aṭṭha paccayā ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattanti. Katame aṭṭha? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthāraṃ upanissāya viharati aññataraṃ vā garuṭṭhāniyaṃ sabrahmacāriṃ, yatthassa tibbaṃ hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti pemañca gāravo ca. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamo hetu paṭhamo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
PTS 4.152缅 3.3已对照

“他依止那位导师或某位堪为尊重的同梵行者而住,对他有强烈的惭愧现起,且有爱与恭敬;他时时前往请问、发问:‘尊者,这是怎样?这是什么义?’那些具寿便为他开显未开显的,明了未明了的,并于种种可疑之处除遣其疑。诸比丘,这是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以获得、使已得的[慧]增多、广大、由修习而圆满的第二种因、第二种缘。

‘‘So taṃ satthāraṃ upanissāya viharanto aññataraṃ vā garuṭṭhāniyaṃ sabrahmacāriṃ, yatthassa tibbaṃ hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti pemaṃ gāravo ca, te kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamitvā paripucchati paripañhati – ‘idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ; imassa ko attho’ti? Tassa te āyasmanto avivaṭañceva vivaranti, anuttānīkatañca uttānī karonti, anekavihitesu ca kaṅkhāṭhāniyesu dhammesu kaṅkhaṃ paṭivinodenti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, dutiyo hetu dutiyo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
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“他听闻那法之后,以身远离与心远离两种远离而成就。诸比丘,这是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以获得、使已得的[慧]增多、广大、由修习而圆满的第三种因、第三种缘。

‘‘So taṃ dhammaṃ sutvā dvayena vūpakāsena sampādeti – kāyavūpakāsena ca cittavūpakāsena ca. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, tatiyo hetu tatiyo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
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“他具戒,以波罗提木叉律仪防护而住,具足正行与行处,于微细的罪过也见怖畏,受持学处而学习。诸比丘,这是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以获得、使已得的[慧]增多、广大、由修习而圆满的第四种因、第四种缘。

‘‘Sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, catuttho hetu catuttho paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
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“他是多闻者、忆持所闻者、积集所闻者。凡是那些初善、中善、后善的,具足义理与文句的,显示完全圆满、遍净的梵行的法,他对这样的诸法多闻、忆持、以语熟习、以意随观察、以见善通达。诸比丘,这是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以获得、使已得的[慧]增多、广大、由修习而圆满的第五种因、第五种缘。

‘‘Bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo. Ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ [satthā sabyañjanā (ka. sī.)] kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā [dhatā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, pañcamo hetu pañcamo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
PTS 4.153已对照

“他为舍断诸不善法、为成就诸善法而住于发起精进,有力、坚固勇猛,于诸善法不放下[重]担。诸比丘,这是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以获得、使已得的[慧]增多、广大、由修习而圆满的第六种因、第六种缘。

‘‘Āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, chaṭṭho hetu chaṭṭho paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
缅 3.4已对照

“又,他进入僧团时,不作种种杂论,不作畜生论;或自己说法,或请他人[说法],或不轻视圣默然。诸比丘,这是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以获得、使已得的[慧]增多、广大、由修习而圆满的第七种因、第七种缘。

‘‘Saṅghagato kho pana anānākathiko hoti atiracchānakathiko. Sāmaṃ vā dhammaṃ bhāsati paraṃ vā ajjhesati ariyaṃ vā tuṇhībhāvaṃ nātimaññati. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, sattamo hetu sattamo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
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“又,他于五取蕴随观生灭而住:‘色是如此,色的集起是如此,色的灭没是如此;受是如此,受的集起是如此,受的灭没是如此;想是如此……乃至……行是如此……乃至……识是如此,识的集起是如此,识的灭没是如此。’诸比丘,这是使未得的梵行之初的慧得以获得、使已得的[慧]增多、广大、由修习而圆满的第八种因、第八种缘。

‘‘Pañcasu kho pana upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassī viharati – ‘iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā, iti vedanāya samudayo, iti vedanāya atthaṅgamo; iti saññā…pe… iti saṅkhārā…pe… iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, aṭṭhamo hetu aṭṭhamo paccayo ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattati.
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“同梵行者们这样敬重他:‘这位具寿依止导师或某位堪为尊重的同梵行者而住,对他有强烈的惭愧现起,且有爱与恭敬。这位具寿确实是知而知、见而见。’这法也导向[被]爱、[被]尊重、修习、沙门性、合一。

‘‘Tamenaṃ sabrahmacārī evaṃ sambhāventi – ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā satthāraṃ upanissāya viharati aññataraṃ vā garuṭṭhāniyaṃ sabrahmacāriṃ, yatthassa tibbaṃ hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti pemañca gāravo ca. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya [piyatāya garutāya (syā.)] bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
PTS 4.154已对照

“‘又,这位具寿依止那位导师或某位堪为尊重的同梵行者而住,对他有强烈的惭愧现起,且有爱与恭敬;他时时前往请问、发问:“尊者,这是怎样?这是什么义?”那些具寿便为他开显未开显的,明了未明了的,并于种种可疑之处除遣其疑。这位具寿确实是知而知、见而见。’这法也导向[被]爱、[被]尊重、修习、沙门性、合一。

‘‘‘Taṃ kho panāyamāyasmā satthāraṃ upanissāya viharanto aññataraṃ vā garuṭṭhāniyaṃ sabrahmacāriṃ, yatthassa tibbaṃ hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti pemañca gāravo ca, te kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamitvā paripucchati paripañhati – idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ; imassa ko atthoti? Tassa te āyasmanto avivaṭañceva vivaranti, anuttānīkatañca uttānī karonti, anekavihitesu ca kaṅkhāṭhāniyesu dhammesu kaṅkhaṃ paṭivinodenti. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
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“‘又,这位具寿听闻那法之后,以身远离与心远离两种远离而成就。这位具寿确实是知而知、见而见。’这法也导向[被]爱、[被]尊重、修习、沙门性、合一。

‘‘‘Taṃ kho panāyamāyasmā dhammaṃ sutvā dvayena vūpakāsena sampādeti – kāyavūpakāsena ca cittavūpakāsena ca. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
缅 3.5已对照

“‘又,这位具寿具戒,以波罗提木叉律仪防护而住,具足正行与行处,于微细的罪过也见怖畏,受持学处而学习。这位具寿确实是知而知、见而见。’这法也导向[被]爱、[被]尊重、修习、沙门性、合一。

‘‘‘Sīlavā kho panāyamāyasmā pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
已对照

“‘又,这位具寿是多闻者、忆持所闻者、积集所闻者。凡是那些初善、中善、后善的,具足义理与文句的,显示完全圆满、遍净的梵行的法,他对这样的诸法多闻、忆持、以语熟习、以意随观察、以见善通达。这位具寿确实是知而知、见而见。’这法也导向[被]爱、[被]尊重、修习、沙门性、合一。

‘‘‘Bahussuto kho panāyamāyasmā sutadharo sutasannicayo. Ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
已对照

“‘又,这位具寿为舍断诸不善法、为成就诸善法而住于发起精进,有力、坚固勇猛,于诸善法不放下[重]担。这位具寿确实是知而知、见而见。’这法也导向[被]爱、[被]尊重、修习、沙门性、合一。

‘‘‘Āraddhavīriyo kho panāyamāyasmā viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
PTS 4.155已对照

“‘又,这位具寿进入僧团时,不作种种杂论,不作畜生论;或自己说法,或请他人[说法],或不轻视圣默然。这位具寿确实是知而知、见而见。’这法也导向[被]爱、[被]尊重、修习、沙门性、合一。

‘‘‘Saṅghagato kho panāyamāyasmā anānākathiko hoti atiracchānakathiko. Sāmaṃ vā dhammaṃ bhāsati paraṃ vā ajjhesati ariyaṃ vā tuṇhībhāvaṃ nātimaññati. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
已对照

“‘又,这位具寿于五取蕴随观生灭而住:“色是如此,色的集起是如此,色的灭没是如此;受是如此……乃至……想是如此……乃至……行是如此……乃至……识是如此,识的集起是如此,识的灭没是如此。”这位具寿确实是知而知、见而见。’这法也导向[被]爱、[被]尊重、修习、沙门性、合一。

‘‘‘Pañcasu kho panāyamāyasmā upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassī viharati – iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā…pe… iti saññā…pe… iti saṅkhārā…pe… iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamoti. Addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passatī’ti! Ayampi dhammo piyattāya garuttāya bhāvanāya sāmaññāya ekībhāvāya saṃvattati.
已对照

“诸比丘,这八种因、八种缘能使未得的梵行之初的慧得以获得,使已得的[慧]增多、广大、由修习而圆满。”第二[经]。

‘‘Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha hetū aṭṭha paccayā ādibrahmacariyikāya paññāya appaṭiladdhāya paṭilābhāya, paṭiladdhāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā saṃvattantī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
已对照

三、第一不可爱经

3. Paṭhamaappiyasuttaṃ
3缅 3.6已对照

三、“诸比丘,具足八种法的比丘,不为诸同梵行者所爱、所可意、所尊重、所钦敬。具足哪八种[法]呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘是称赞不可爱者的、呵责可爱者的、欲求利养的、欲求恭敬的、无惭的、无愧的、恶欲的、邪见的。诸比丘,具足这八种法的比丘,不为诸同梵行者所爱、所可意、所尊重、所钦敬。

3. ‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ appiyo ca hoti amanāpo ca agaru ca abhāvanīyo ca. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu appiyapasaṃsī ca hoti, piyagarahī ca, lābhakāmo ca, sakkārakāmo ca, ahiriko ca, anottappī ca, pāpiccho ca, micchādiṭṭhi ca. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ appiyo ca hoti amanāpo ca agaru ca abhāvanīyo ca.
PTS 4.156已对照

“诸比丘,具足八种法的比丘,为诸同梵行者所爱、所可意、所尊重、所钦敬。具足哪八种[法]呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘不是称赞不可爱者的,不是呵责可爱者的,不是欲求利养的,不是欲求恭敬的,是有惭的、有愧的、少欲的、正见的。诸比丘,具足这八种法的比丘,为诸同梵行者所爱、所可意、所尊重、所钦敬。”第三[经]。

‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo ca. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na appiyapasaṃsī ca hoti, na piyagarahī ca, na lābhakāmo ca, na sakkārakāmo ca, hirīmā ca hoti, ottappī ca, appiccho ca, sammādiṭṭhi ca. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo cā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
已对照

四、第二不可爱经

4. Dutiyaappiyasuttaṃ
4已对照

四、“诸比丘,具足八种法的比丘,不为诸同梵行者所爱、所可意、所尊重、所钦敬。具足哪八种[法]呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘是欲求利养的、欲求恭敬的、欲求不被轻视的、不知时的、不知量的、不净的、多言的、辱骂谩骂诸同梵行者的。诸比丘,具足这八种法的比丘,不为诸同梵行者所爱、所可意、所尊重、所钦敬。

4. ‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ appiyo ca hoti amanāpo ca agaru ca abhāvanīyo ca. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu lābhakāmo ca hoti, sakkārakāmo ca, anavaññattikāmo ca, akālaññū ca, amattaññū ca, asuci ca, bahubhāṇī ca, akkosakaparibhāsako ca sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ appiyo ca hoti amanāpo ca agaru ca abhāvanīyo ca.
已对照

“诸比丘,具足八种法的比丘,为诸同梵行者所爱、所可意、所尊重、所钦敬。具足哪八种[法]呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘不是欲求利养的,不是欲求恭敬的,不是欲求不被轻视的,是知时的、知量的、清净的,不是多言的,不是辱骂谩骂诸同梵行者的。诸比丘,具足这八种法的比丘,为诸同梵行者所爱、所可意、所尊重、所钦敬。”第四[经]。

‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo ca. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na lābhakāmo ca hoti, na sakkārakāmo ca, na anavaññattikāmo ca, kālaññū ca, mattaññū ca, suci ca, na bahubhāṇī ca, anakkosakaparibhāsako ca sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo cā’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
已对照

五、第一世间法经

5. Paṭhamalokadhammasuttaṃ
5PTS 4.157缅 3.7已对照

五、“诸比丘,有这八种世间法随转于世间,世间也随转于八种世间法。哪八种[世间法]呢?得、不得、名声、无名声、毁、赞、乐、苦。诸比丘,这八种世间法随转于世间,世间也随转于这八种世间法。”

“得与不得、名声与无名声,

毁与赞、乐与苦——

这些在人间的法是无常的、

不恒常的、变易之法。

“具念、善慧者知道了这些,

观察[它们]是变易之法;

可喜之法不扰乱[其]心,

于不可喜者,他也不至于瞋碍。

“他的随顺或违逆,

已被驱散、已灭没,不复存在;

知道了远尘、无愁的境地,

到达有之彼岸者正确地了知[它]。”第五[经]。

5. ‘‘Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, lokadhammā lokaṃ anuparivattanti, loko ca aṭṭha lokadhamme anuparivattati. Katame aṭṭha? Lābho ca, alābho ca, yaso ca, ayaso ca, nindā ca, pasaṃsā ca, sukhañca, dukkhañca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha lokadhammā lokaṃ anuparivattanti, loko ca ime aṭṭha lokadhamme anuparivattatī’’ti.
‘‘Lābho alābho ca yasāyaso ca,
Nindā pasaṃsā ca sukhaṃ dukhañca;
Ete aniccā manujesu dhammā,
Asassatā vipariṇāmadhammā.
‘‘Ete ca ñatvā satimā sumedho,
Avekkhati vipariṇāmadhamme;
Iṭṭhassa dhammā na mathenti cittaṃ,
Aniṭṭhato no paṭighātameti.
‘‘Tassānurodhā atha vā virodhā,
Vidhūpitā atthaṅgatā na santi;
Padañca ñatvā virajaṃ asokaṃ,
Sammappajānāti bhavassa pāragū’’ti. pañcamaṃ;
已对照

六、第二世间法经

6. Dutiyalokadhammasuttaṃ
6PTS 4.158缅 3.8已对照

六、“诸比丘,有这八种世间法随转于世间,世间也随转于八种世间法。哪八种[世间法]呢?得、不得、名声、无名声、毁、赞、乐、苦。诸比丘,这八种世间法随转于世间,世间也随转于这八种世间法。

“诸比丘,无闻凡夫会生起得、不得、名声、无名声、毁、赞、乐、苦;诸比丘,有闻的圣弟子也会生起得、不得、名声、无名声、毁、赞、乐、苦。诸比丘,那么此中,有闻的圣弟子与无闻凡夫之间,有什么差别?有什么更多的作为?有什么不同?”“尊者,我们的诸法以世尊为根本、以世尊为引导、以世尊为依止。尊者,若世尊亲自解说这所说之义,那就好了;听了世尊[所说],比丘们将会受持。”

“那么,诸比丘,你们要谛听,好好作意,我要说了。”“是的,尊者。”那些比丘应诺世尊。世尊这样说——“诸比丘,无闻凡夫生起了得。他不这样思察:‘我生起了这得,而它是无常的、苦的、变易之法。’不如实了知[它]。生起了不得……乃至……生起了名声……生起了无名声……生起了毁……生起了赞……生起了乐……生起了苦。他不这样思察:‘我生起了这苦,而它是无常的、苦的、变易之法。’不如实了知[它]。”

“得也遍取他的心而住,不得也遍取他的心而住,名声也遍取他的心而住,无名声也遍取他的心而住,毁也遍取他的心而住,赞也遍取他的心而住,乐也遍取他的心而住,苦也遍取他的心而住。他欢迎已生的得,厌拒不得;欢迎已生的名声,厌拒无名声;欢迎已生的赞,厌拒毁;欢迎已生的乐,厌拒苦。他如是陷入随顺与违逆,不能从生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼中解脱。我说:‘[他]不能从苦中解脱。’”

“诸比丘,而有闻的圣弟子生起了得。他这样思察:‘我生起了这得,而它是无常的、苦的、变易之法。’如实了知[它]。生起了不得……乃至……生起了名声……生起了无名声……生起了毁……生起了赞……生起了乐……生起了苦。他这样思察:‘我生起了这苦,而它是无常的、苦的、变易之法。’如实了知[它]。”

“得也不遍取他的心而住,不得也不遍取他的心而住,名声也不遍取他的心而住,无名声也不遍取他的心而住,毁也不遍取他的心而住,赞也不遍取他的心而住,乐也不遍取他的心而住,苦也不遍取他的心而住。他不欢迎已生的得,不厌拒不得;不欢迎已生的名声,不厌拒无名声;不欢迎已生的赞,不厌拒毁;不欢迎已生的乐,不厌拒苦。他如是舍断了随顺与违逆,从生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼中解脱。我说:‘[他]从苦中解脱。’诸比丘,这就是有闻的圣弟子与无闻凡夫之间的差别、更多的作为、不同。”

“得与不得、名声与无名声,

毁与赞、乐与苦——

这些在人间的法是无常的、

不恒常的、变易之法。

“具念、善慧者知道了这些,

观察[它们]是变易之法;

可喜之法不扰乱[其]心,

于不可喜者,他也不至于瞋碍。

“他的随顺或违逆,

已被驱散、已灭没,不复存在;

知道了远尘、无愁的境地,

到达有之彼岸者正确地了知[它]。”第六[经]。

6. ‘‘Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, lokadhammā lokaṃ anuparivattanti, loko ca aṭṭha lokadhamme anuparivattati. Katame aṭṭha? Lābho ca, alābho ca, yaso ca, ayaso ca, nindā ca, pasaṃsā ca, sukhañca, dukkhañca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha lokadhammā lokaṃ anuparivattanti, loko ca ime aṭṭha lokadhamme anuparivattati.
‘‘Assutavato, bhikkhave, puthujjanassa uppajjati lābhopi alābhopi yasopi ayasopi nindāpi pasaṃsāpi sukhampi dukkhampi. Sutavatopi, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa uppajjati lābhopi alābhopi yasopi ayasopi nindāpi pasaṃsāpi sukhampi dukkhampi. Tatra, bhikkhave, ko viseso ko adhippayāso [adhippāyo (sī.), adhippāyaso (syā. kaṃ.) adhi + pa + yasu + ṇa = adhippayāso] kiṃ nānākaraṇaṃ sutavato ariyasāvakassa assutavatā puthujjanenā’’ti? ‘‘Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā bhagavaṃnettikā bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaṃyeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti.
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘assutavato, bhikkhave, puthujjanassa uppajjati lābho. So na iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘uppanno kho me ayaṃ lābho; so ca kho anicco dukkho vipariṇāmadhammo’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Uppajjati alābho…pe… uppajjati yaso… uppajjati ayaso… uppajjati nindā… uppajjati pasaṃsā… uppajjati sukhaṃ… uppajjati dukkhaṃ. So na iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘uppannaṃ kho me idaṃ dukkhaṃ; tañca kho aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhamma’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti’’.
‘‘Tassa lābhopi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, alābhopi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, yasopi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, ayasopi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, nindāpi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, pasaṃsāpi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, sukhampi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, dukkhampi cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati. So uppannaṃ lābhaṃ anurujjhati, alābhe paṭivirujjhati; uppannaṃ yasaṃ anurujjhati, ayase paṭivirujjhati; uppannaṃ pasaṃsaṃ anurujjhati, nindāya paṭivirujjhati; uppannaṃ sukhaṃ anurujjhati, dukkhe paṭivirujjhati. So evaṃ anurodhavirodhasamāpanno na parimuccati jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Na parimuccati dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi’’.
‘‘Sutavato ca kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa uppajjati lābho. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘uppanno kho me ayaṃ lābho; so ca kho anicco dukkho vipariṇāmadhammo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Uppajjati alābho…pe… uppajjati yaso… uppajjati ayaso… uppajjati nindā… uppajjati pasaṃsā… uppajjati sukhaṃ… uppajjati dukkhaṃ. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘uppannaṃ kho me idaṃ dukkhaṃ; tañca kho aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhamma’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti’’.
‘‘Tassa lābhopi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, alābhopi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, yasopi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, ayasopi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, nindāpi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, pasaṃsāpi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, sukhampi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, dukkhampi cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati. So uppannaṃ lābhaṃ nānurujjhati, alābhe nappaṭivirujjhati; uppannaṃ yasaṃ nānurujjhati, ayase nappaṭivirujjhati; uppannaṃ pasaṃsaṃ nānurujjhati, nindāya nappaṭivirujjhati; uppannaṃ sukhaṃ nānurujjhati, dukkhe nappaṭivirujjhati. So evaṃ anurodhavirodhavippahīno parimuccati jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Parimuccati dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, viseso ayaṃ adhippayāso idaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ sutavato ariyasāvakassa assutavatā puthujjanenā’’ti.
‘‘Lābho alābho ca yasāyaso ca,
Nindā pasaṃsā ca sukhaṃ dukhañca;
Ete aniccā manujesu dhammā,
Asassatā vipariṇāmadhammā.
‘‘Ete ca ñatvā satimā sumedho,
Avekkhati vipariṇāmadhamme;
Iṭṭhassa dhammā na mathenti cittaṃ,
Aniṭṭhato no paṭighātameti.
‘‘Tassānurodhā atha vā virodhā,
Vidhūpitā atthaṅgatā na santi;
Padañca ñatvā virajaṃ asokaṃ,
Sammappajānāti bhavassa pāragū’’ti. chaṭṭhaṃ;
已对照

七、提婆达多失坏经

7. Devadattavipattisuttaṃ
7缅 3.10已对照

七、一时,世尊住在王舍城灵鹫山,提婆达多离去不久。在那里,世尊就提婆达多[之事]召唤诸比丘:“诸比丘,比丘时时省察自己的失坏,这是好的。诸比丘,比丘时时省察他人的失坏,这是好的。诸比丘,比丘时时省察自己的成就,这是好的。诸比丘,比丘时时省察他人的成就,这是好的。诸比丘,提婆达多被八种非正法所征服、心被遍尽,是堕苦界的、堕地狱的、住劫的、不可救治的。”

7. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate acirapakkante devadatte. Tatra bhagavā devadattaṃ ārabbha bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attavipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ paravipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ parasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, asaddhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho’’.
已对照

“被哪八种[非正法]呢?诸比丘,提婆达多被得所征服、心被遍尽,是堕苦界的、堕地狱的、住劫的、不可救治的。诸比丘,被不得……乃至……诸比丘,被名声……诸比丘,被无名声……诸比丘,被恭敬……诸比丘,被不恭敬……诸比丘,被恶欲……诸比丘,提婆达多被恶友性所征服、心被遍尽,是堕苦界的、堕地狱的、住劫的、不可救治的。诸比丘,提婆达多被这八种非正法所征服、心被遍尽,是堕苦界的、堕地狱的、住劫的、不可救治的。

[cūḷava. 348] ‘‘Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Lābhena hi, bhikkhave, abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho. Alābhena, bhikkhave…pe… yasena, bhikkhave… ayasena, bhikkhave… sakkārena, bhikkhave… asakkārena, bhikkhave… pāpicchatāya, bhikkhave… pāpamittatāya, bhikkhave, abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi asaddhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho.
PTS 4.161已对照

“诸比丘,比丘一再地制胜已生的得而住,[一再地制胜]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名声……已生的无名声……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的恶欲……一再地制胜已生的恶友性而住,这是好的。

‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya, uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ … uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya.
已对照

“诸比丘,比丘缘于什么道理而一再地制胜已生的得而住,[一再地制胜]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名声……已生的无名声……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的恶欲……一再地制胜已生的恶友性而住呢?

‘‘Kiñca [kathañca (ka.)], bhikkhave, bhikkhu atthavasaṃ paṭicca uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya, uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya?
已对照

“诸比丘,此[比丘]若不制胜已生的得而住,本会生起诸漏、苦恼与热恼;制胜已生的得而住,如是他便没有那些诸漏、苦恼与热恼。诸比丘,此[比丘]若不制胜已生的不得……乃至……已生的名声……已生的无名声……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的恶欲……已生的恶友性而住,本会生起诸漏、苦恼与热恼;制胜已生的恶友性而住,如是他便没有那些诸漏、苦恼与热恼。诸比丘,比丘正是缘于这个道理而一再地制胜已生的得而住,[一再地制胜]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名声……已生的无名声……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的恶欲……一再地制胜已生的恶友性而住。

‘‘Yaṃ hissa, bhikkhave, uppannaṃ lābhaṃ anabhibhuyya [anabhibhūyya anabhibhūyya (ka.)] viharato uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya [abhibhūyya abhibhūyya (ka.)] viharato evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti. Yaṃ hissa, bhikkhave, uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ anabhibhuyya viharato uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya viharato evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu atthavasaṃ paṭicca uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya, uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ … uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya.
缅 3.11已对照

“因此,诸比丘,你们应当这样修学:‘我们要一再地制胜已生的得而住,[一再地制胜]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名声……已生的无名声……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的恶欲……我们要一再地制胜已生的恶友性而住。’诸比丘,你们应当这样修学。”第七[经]。

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya viharissāma, uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya viharissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Sattamaṃ.
已对照

八、优多罗失坏经

8. Uttaravipattisuttaṃ
8PTS 4.162缅 3.12已对照

八、一时,具寿优多罗(Uttara)住在摩醯沙婆图(Mahisavatthu)的僧祇耶迦山(Saṅkheyyaka)婆吒阇利迦(Vaṭajālikā)[精舍]。在那里,具寿优多罗召唤诸比丘:“贤友们,比丘时时省察自己的失坏,这是好的。贤友们,比丘时时省察他人的失坏,这是好的。贤友们,比丘时时省察自己的成就,这是好的。贤友们,比丘时时省察他人的成就,这是好的。”

那时,毗沙门天王(Vessavaṇa)因某件应作之事,从北方往南方去。毗沙门天王听到具寿优多罗在摩醯沙婆图的僧祇耶迦山婆吒阇利迦[精舍]这样为诸比丘说法:“贤友们,比丘时时省察自己的失坏,这是好的。贤友们,比丘时时省察他人的失坏,这是好的。贤友们,比丘时时省察自己的成就,这是好的。贤友们,比丘时时省察他人的成就,这是好的。”

于是,毗沙门天王犹如有力之人伸展屈曲的手臂、或屈曲伸展的手臂那样,从摩醯沙婆图的僧祇耶迦山婆吒阇利迦[精舍]隐没,显现在三十三天诸天之中。于是,毗沙门天王来到诸天之主帝释之处;到了之后,对诸天之主帝释这样说:“尊驾,您要知道!这位具寿优多罗在摩醯沙婆图的僧祇耶迦山婆吒阇利迦[精舍]这样为诸比丘说法:‘贤友们,比丘时时省察自己的失坏,这是好的。贤友们,比丘时时省察他人的失坏……乃至……自己的成就……他人的成就,这是好的。’”

于是,诸天之主帝释犹如有力之人伸展屈曲的手臂、或屈曲伸展的手臂那样,从三十三天诸天之中隐没,显现在摩醯沙婆图的僧祇耶迦山婆吒阇利迦[精舍]具寿优多罗的面前。于是,诸天之主帝释来到具寿优多罗之处;到了之后,礼敬具寿优多罗,站在一旁。站在一旁的诸天之主帝释对具寿优多罗这样说——

“尊者,听说具寿优多罗这样为诸比丘说了法:‘贤友们,比丘时时省察自己的失坏,这是好的;贤友们,比丘时时省察他人的失坏……乃至……自己的成就……他人的成就,这是好的。’是真的吗?”“是的,诸天之主。”“尊者,那么这是具寿优多罗自己的辩才呢,还是那位世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的言语?”“那么,诸天之主,我为你说个譬喻——此世有些有智之人正是藉譬喻而了知所说之义。”

“诸天之主,犹如在村落或市镇不远处有一大谷堆,大群人从那里运取谷物——用扁担、用篮子、用衣兜、用双手捧。诸天之主,若有人走近那大群人这样问:‘你们从哪里运来这谷物?’诸天之主,那大群人怎样回答,才是正确的回答呢?”“尊者,那大群人回答‘我们从那大谷堆运来’,才是正确的回答。”“诸天之主,同样地,凡是任何善说的,那一切都是那位世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的言语;我们与其他人都是从那里一再取来而说的。”

“稀有啊,尊者!未曾有啊,尊者!具寿优多罗所说的这[话],是何等善说:‘凡是任何善说的,那一切都是那位世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的言语;我们与其他人都是从那里一再取来而说的。’尊者优多罗,有一次,世尊住在王舍城灵鹫山,提婆达多离去不久。在那里,世尊就提婆达多[之事]召唤诸比丘——

“诸比丘,比丘时时省察自己的失坏,这是好的。诸比丘,比丘时时省察他人的失坏……乃至……自己的成就……他人的成就,这是好的。诸比丘,提婆达多被八种非正法所征服、心被遍尽,是堕苦界的、堕地狱的、住劫的、不可救治的。被哪八种[非正法]呢?诸比丘,提婆达多被得所征服、心被遍尽,是堕苦界的、堕地狱的、住劫的、不可救治的;诸比丘,被不得……乃至……诸比丘,被名声……诸比丘,被无名声……诸比丘,被恭敬……诸比丘,被不恭敬……诸比丘,被恶欲……诸比丘,提婆达多被恶友性所征服、心被遍尽,是堕苦界的、堕地狱的、住劫的、不可救治的。诸比丘,提婆达多被这八种非正法所征服、心被遍尽,是堕苦界的、堕地狱的、住劫的、不可救治的。

“诸比丘,比丘一再地制胜已生的得而住,[一再地制胜]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名声……已生的无名声……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的恶欲……一再地制胜已生的恶友性而住,这是好的。

“诸比丘,比丘缘于什么道理而一再地制胜已生的得而住,[一再地制胜]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名声……已生的无名声……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的恶欲……一再地制胜已生的恶友性而住呢?

“诸比丘,此[比丘]若不制胜已生的得而住,本会生起诸漏、苦恼与热恼;制胜已生的得而住,如是他便没有那些诸漏、苦恼与热恼。诸比丘,此[比丘]若不制胜已生的不得……乃至……已生的名声……已生的无名声……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的恶欲……已生的恶友性而住,本会生起诸漏、苦恼与热恼;制胜已生的恶友性而住,如是他便没有那些诸漏、苦恼与热恼。诸比丘,比丘正是缘于这个道理而一再地制胜已生的得而住,[一再地制胜]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名声……已生的无名声……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的恶欲……一再地制胜已生的恶友性而住。

“因此,诸比丘,你们应当这样修学:‘我们要一再地制胜已生的得而住,[一再地制胜]已生的不得……乃至……已生的名声……已生的无名声……已生的恭敬……已生的不恭敬……已生的恶欲……我们要一再地制胜已生的恶友性而住。’诸比丘,你们应当这样修学。”

“尊者优多罗,在人间凡有四众——比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷,这个法门[却]未在任何[一众]中被确立。尊者,愿具寿优多罗受学这个法门;尊者,愿具寿优多罗通晓这个法门;尊者,愿具寿优多罗忆持这个法门。尊者,这个法门具有义利,是梵行之初。”第八[经]。

8. Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā uttaro mahisavatthusmiṃ viharati saṅkheyyake pabbate vaṭajālikāyaṃ [dhavajālikāyaṃ (sī.), vaṭṭajālikāyaṃ (syā.)]. Tatra kho āyasmā uttaro bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attavipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ paravipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ parasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hotī’’ti.
Tena kho pana samayena vessavaṇo mahārājā uttarāya disāya dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ gacchati kenacideva karaṇīyena. Assosi kho vessavaṇo mahārājā āyasmato uttarassa mahisavatthusmiṃ saṅkheyyake pabbate vaṭajālikāyaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desentassa – ‘‘sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attavipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ paravipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ parasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hotī’’ti.
Atha kho vessavaṇṇo mahārājā – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ [sammiñjitaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya [sammiñjeyya (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)], evamevaṃ mahisavatthusmiṃ saṅkheyyake pabbate vaṭajālikāyaṃ antarahito devesu tāvatiṃsesu pāturahosi. Atha kho vessavaṇṇo mahārājā yena sakko devānamindo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yagghe mārisa, jāneyyāsi! Eso āyasmā uttaro mahisavatthusmiṃ saṅkheyyake pabbate vaṭajālikāyaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – ‘sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attavipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ paravipattiṃ…pe… attasampattiṃ… parasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hotī’’’ti.
Atha kho sakko devānamindo seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evamevaṃ devesu tāvatiṃsesu antarahito mahisavatthusmiṃ saṅkheyyake pabbate vaṭajālikāyaṃ āyasmato uttarassa sammukhe pāturahosi. Atha kho sakko devānamindo yenāyasmā uttaro tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ uttaraṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho sakko devānamindo āyasmantaṃ uttaraṃ etadavoca –
‘‘Saccaṃ kira, bhante, āyasmā uttaro bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desesi – ‘sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attavipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti, sādhāvuso, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ paravipattiṃ…pe… attasampattiṃ… parasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hotī’’’ ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, devānamindā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ panidaṃ [kiṃ pana (syā.)], bhante, āyasmato uttarassa sakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ [sakapaṭibhānaṃ upādāya (ka.)], udāhu tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi, devānaminda, upamaṃ te karissāmi. Upamāya midhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājāna’’nti.
‘‘Seyyathāpi, devānaminda, gāmassa vā nigamassa vā avidūre mahādhaññarāsi. Tato mahājanakāyo dhaññaṃ āhareyya – kājehipi piṭakehipi ucchaṅgehipi añjalīhipi. Yo nu kho, devānaminda, taṃ mahājanakāyaṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ puccheyya – ‘kuto imaṃ dhaññaṃ āharathā’ti, kathaṃ byākaramāno nu kho, devānaminda, so mahājanakāyo sammā byākaramāno byākareyyā’’ti? ‘‘‘Amumhā mahādhaññarāsimhā āharāmā’ti kho, bhante, so mahājanakāyo sammā byākaramāno byākareyyā’’ti. ‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, devānaminda, yaṃ kiñci subhāsitaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Tato upādāyupādāya mayaṃ caññe ca bhaṇāmā’’ti.
‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ bhante! Yāva subhāsitaṃ cidaṃ āyasmatā uttarena – ‘yaṃ kiñci subhāsitaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Tato upādāyupādāya mayaṃ caññe ca bhaṇāmā’ti. Ekamidaṃ, bhante uttara, samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate acirapakkante devadatte. Tatra kho bhagavā devadattaṃ ārabbha bhikkhū āmantesi –
‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ attavipattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kālena kālaṃ paravipattiṃ…pe… attasampattiṃ… parasampattiṃ paccavekkhitā hoti. Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, asaddhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Lābhena hi, bhikkhave, abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho; alābhena, bhikkhave…pe… yasena, bhikkhave … ayasena, bhikkhave… sakkārena, bhikkhave… asakkārena, bhikkhave… pāpicchatāya, bhikkhave… pāpamittatāya, bhikkhave, abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi asaddhammehi abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto devadatto āpāyiko nerayiko kappaṭṭho atekiccho.
‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya; uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya.
‘‘Kiñca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu atthavasaṃ paṭicca uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya; uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya?
‘‘Yaṃ hissa, bhikkhave, uppannaṃ lābhaṃ anabhibhuyya viharato uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya viharato evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti. Yaṃ hissa, bhikkhave, uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ anabhibhuyya viharato uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya viharato evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu atthavasaṃ paṭicca uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya; uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ … uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya.
‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – uppannaṃ lābhaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya viharissāma, uppannaṃ alābhaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ yasaṃ… uppannaṃ ayasaṃ… uppannaṃ sakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ asakkāraṃ… uppannaṃ pāpicchataṃ… uppannaṃ pāpamittataṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya viharissāmāti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti.
‘‘Ettāvatā, bhante uttara, manussesu catasso parisā – bhikkhū, bhikkhuniyo, upāsakā, upāsikāyo. Nāyaṃ dhammapariyāyo kismiñci upaṭṭhito [patiṭṭhito (sī. syā.)]. Uggaṇhatu, bhante, āyasmā uttaro imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ. Pariyāpuṇātu, bhante, āyasmā uttaro imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ. Dhāretu, bhante, āyasmā uttaro imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ. Atthasaṃhito ayaṃ, bhante, dhammapariyāyo ādibrahmacariyako’’ti [ādibrahmacariyiko (sī. ka.)]. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
已对照

九、难陀经

9. Nandasuttaṃ
9PTS 4.167已对照

九、“诸比丘,若正确地说,应说难陀是‘良家子’。诸比丘,若正确地说,应说难陀是‘有力者’。诸比丘,若正确地说,应说难陀是‘令人净信者’。诸比丘,若正确地说,应说难陀是‘贪炽盛者’。诸比丘,何须[说]别的?难陀守护诸根门、于食知量、勤修警寤、具足念与正知,由于这些,难陀能行圆满、遍净的梵行!诸比丘,此中,难陀守护诸根门之事是这样的:诸比丘,若难陀应当看东方,难陀便以心全部作意之后看东方:‘我如此看东方时,贪与忧等恶、不善法将不流入。’如此他于其中有正知。

9. ‘‘‘Kulaputto’ti, bhikkhave, nandaṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya. ‘Balavā’ti, bhikkhave, nandaṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya. ‘Pāsādiko’ti, bhikkhave, nandaṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya. ‘Tibbarāgo’ti, bhikkhave, nandaṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya. Kimaññatra, bhikkhave, nando indriyesu guttadvāro, bhojane mattaññū, jāgariyaṃ anuyutto, satisampajaññena samannāgato, yehi [yena (ka.)] nando sakkoti paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ! Tatridaṃ, bhikkhave, nandassa indriyesu guttadvāratāya hoti. Sace, bhikkhave, nandassa puratthimā disā āloketabbā hoti, sabbaṃ cetasā samannāharitvā nando puratthimaṃ disaṃ āloketi – ‘evaṃ me puratthimaṃ disaṃ ālokayato nābhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssavissantī’ti. Itiha tattha sampajāno hoti.
缅 3.15已对照

“诸比丘,若难陀应当看西方……乃至……应当看北方……应当看南方……应当仰看上方……应当俯看下方……应当遍看四维,难陀便以心全部作意之后遍看四维:‘我如此遍看四维时,贪与忧等恶、不善法将不流入。’如此他于其中有正知。诸比丘,这就是难陀守护诸根门之事。

‘‘Sace, bhikkhave, nandassa pacchimā disā āloketabbā hoti…pe… uttarā disā āloketabbā hoti… dakkhiṇā disā āloketabbā hoti… uddhaṃ ulloketabbā hoti… adho oloketabbā hoti… anudisā anuviloketabbā hoti, sabbaṃ cetasā samannāharitvā nando anudisaṃ anuviloketi – ‘evaṃ me anudisaṃ anuvilokayato nābhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssavissantī’ti. Itiha tattha sampajāno hoti. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, nandassa indriyesu guttadvāratāya hoti.
已对照

“诸比丘,此中,难陀于食知量之事是这样的:诸比丘,在此,难陀如理省思后摄取食物:‘不为嬉游,不为骄慢,不为装饰,不为庄严,只是为了这身体的住立、维持,为了止息伤害,为了资助梵行;我将如此消除旧受,也不令新受生起;我将得以维生、无过,并且安乐而住。’诸比丘,这就是难陀于食知量之事。

‘‘Tatridaṃ, bhikkhave, nandassa bhojane mattaññutāya hoti. Idha, bhikkhave, nando paṭisaṅkhā yoniso āhāraṃ āhāreti – ‘neva davāya na madāya na maṇḍanāya na vibhūsanāya, yāvadeva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā yāpanāya vihiṃsūparatiyā brahmacariyānuggahāya iti purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmi, navañca vedanaṃ na uppādessāmi, yātrā ca me bhavissati anavajjatā ca phāsuvihāro cā’ti. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, nandassa bhojane mattaññutāya hoti.
PTS 4.168已对照

“诸比丘,此中,难陀勤修警寤之事是这样的:诸比丘,在此,难陀白天以经行、以坐,令心从诸所应遮之法中净化;夜的初分以经行、以坐,令心从诸所应遮之法中净化;夜的中分以右胁作狮子卧,足足相叠,具念、正知,作意起身之想;夜的后分起身,以经行、以坐,令心从诸所应遮之法中净化。诸比丘,这就是难陀勤修警寤之事。

‘‘Tatridaṃ, bhikkhave, nandassa jāgariyānuyogasmiṃ hoti. Idha, bhikkhave, nando divasaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheti; rattiyā paṭhamaṃ yāmaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheti; rattiyā majjhimaṃ yāmaṃ dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappeti pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā; rattiyā pacchimaṃ yāmaṃ paccuṭṭhāya caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheti. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, nandassa jāgariyānuyogasmiṃ hoti.
已对照

“诸比丘,此中,难陀念与正知之事是这样的:诸比丘,在此,难陀的诸受是被了知地生起,被了知地现起,被了知地灭没;诸想是被了知地……乃至……诸寻是被了知地……乃至……灭没。诸比丘,这就是难陀念与正知之事。

‘‘Tatridaṃ, bhikkhave, nandassa satisampajaññasmiṃ hoti. Idha, bhikkhave, nandassa viditā vedanā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti; viditā saññā…pe… viditā vitakkā…pe… abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, nandassa satisampajaññasmiṃ hoti.
已对照

“诸比丘,何须[说]别的?难陀守护诸根门、于食知量、勤修警寤、具足念与正知,由于这些,难陀能行圆满、遍净的梵行!”第九[经]。

‘‘Kimaññatra, bhikkhave, nando indriyesu guttadvāro, bhojane mattaññū, jāgariyaṃ anuyutto, satisampajaññena samannāgato, yehi nando sakkoti paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ caritu’’nti! Navamaṃ.
已对照

十、秕糠经

10. Kāraṇḍavasuttaṃ
10缅 3.16已对照

十、一时,世尊住在瞻波(Campā)的伽伽罗(Gaggarā)莲花池畔。那时,诸比丘以罪诘责一位比丘。那位比丘被诸比丘以罪诘责时,以他事遮掩他事,把话引向外,显露出怒、瞋与不悦。

10. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā campāyaṃ viharati gaggarāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ āpattiyā codenti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi āpattiyā codiyamāno aññenāññaṃ paṭicarati, bahiddhā kathaṃ apanāmeti, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti.
PTS 4.169已对照

于是,世尊召唤诸比丘:“诸比丘,你们排出这个人!诸比丘,你们排出这个人!诸比丘,这个人应被遣除。那个别人的儿子,你们何必去清理他呢!诸比丘,在此,有某个人的前进、后退、前视、旁视、屈、伸、持僧伽梨、钵与衣,正与其他贤善比丘的一样——只要诸比丘还没有看见他的罪。而一旦诸比丘看见他的罪,便这样知道他:‘这人是沙门的败坏者、沙门的空糠、沙门的秕糠。’如是知道他之后,便把他驱逐到外面。这是什么缘故呢?以免他败坏其他贤善的比丘!”

Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘niddhamathetaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalaṃ; niddhamathetaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalaṃ. Apaneyyeso [apaneyyo so (sī.), apaneyyo (syā.)], bhikkhave, puggalo. Kiṃ vo tena paraputtena visodhitena [kiṃ voparaputto viheṭhiyati (sī.), kiṃ paraputto viheṭheti (syā.), kiṃ vo paraputtā viheṭheti (pī.), kiṃ so paraputto visodheti (ka.)]! Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa tādisaṃyeva hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ, seyyathāpi aññesaṃ bhaddakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ – yāvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ na passanti. Yato ca khvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ passanti, tamenaṃ evaṃ jānanti – ‘samaṇadūsīvāyaṃ [samaṇarūpī (ka.)] samaṇapalāpo samaṇakāraṇḍavo’ti [samaṇakaraṇḍavoti (ka.)]. Tamenaṃ iti viditvā bahiddhā nāsenti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Mā aññe bhaddake bhikkhū dūsesī’’ti!
PTS 4.170已对照

“诸比丘,犹如在丰茂的麦田里,生出了麦的败坏者——麦的空糠、麦的秕糠。它的根正与其他贤善的麦子一样,它的茎正与其他贤善的麦子一样,它的叶正与其他贤善的麦子一样——只要它的穗还没有长出。而一旦它的穗长出,[人们]便这样知道它:‘这是麦的败坏者、麦的空糠、麦的秕糠。’如是知道它之后,便把它连根拔起,丢弃到麦田外面。这是什么缘故呢?以免它败坏其他贤善的麦子!

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, sampanne yavakaraṇe yavadūsī [yavarūpī (ka.)] jāyetha yavapalāpo yavakāraṇḍavoti. Tassa tādisaṃyeva mūlaṃ hoti, seyyathāpi aññesaṃ bhaddakānaṃ yavānaṃ; tādisaṃyeva nāḷaṃ hoti, seyyathāpi aññesaṃ bhaddakānaṃ yavānaṃ; tādisaṃyeva pattaṃ hoti, seyyathāpi aññesaṃ bhaddakānaṃ yavānaṃ – yāvassa sīsaṃ na nibbattati. Yato ca khvassa sīsaṃ nibbattati, tamenaṃ evaṃ jānanti – ‘yavadūsīvāyaṃ yavapalāpo yavakāraṇḍavo’ti. Tamenaṃ iti viditvā samūlaṃ uppāṭetvā bahiddhā yavakaraṇassa chaḍḍenti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Mā aññe bhaddake yave dūsesīti!
缅 3.17已对照

“同样,诸比丘,在此,有某个人的前进、后退、前视、旁视、屈、伸、持僧伽梨、钵与衣,正与其他贤善比丘的一样——只要诸比丘还没有看见他的罪。而一旦诸比丘看见他的罪,便这样知道他:‘这人是沙门的败坏者、沙门的空糠、沙门的秕糠。’如是知道他之后,便把他驱逐到外面。这是什么缘故呢?以免他败坏其他贤善的比丘。

‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, idhekaccassa puggalassa tādisaṃyeva hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ, seyyathāpi aññesaṃ bhaddakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ – yāvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ na passanti. Yato ca khvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ passanti, tamenaṃ evaṃ jānanti – ‘samaṇadūsīvāyaṃ samaṇapalāpo samaṇakāraṇḍavo’ti. Tamenaṃ iti viditvā bahiddhā nāsenti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Mā aññe bhaddake bhikkhū dūsesīti.
PTS 4.171已对照

“诸比丘,犹如大谷堆被扬簸时,其中凡是坚实、有实的谷粒,便聚成一堆;而凡是那些瘦弱的、空糠的谷粒,风便把它们吹到一边。主人们便拿起扫帚,把它们扫得更远。这是什么缘故呢?以免它们败坏其他贤善的谷粒!同样,诸比丘,在此,有某个人的前进、后退、前视、旁视、屈、伸、持僧伽梨、钵与衣,正与其他贤善比丘的一样——只要诸比丘还没有看见他的罪。而一旦诸比丘看见他的罪,便这样知道他:‘这人是沙门的败坏者、沙门的空糠、沙门的秕糠。’如是知道他之后,便把他驱逐到外面。这是什么缘故呢?以免他败坏其他贤善的比丘。

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahato dhaññarāsissa phuṇamānassa [vuyhamānassa (sī. pī.), phusayamānassa (syā.), punamānassa (?)] tattha yāni tāni dhaññāni daḷhāni sāravantāni tāni ekamantaṃ puñjaṃ hoti, yāni pana tāni dhaññāni dubbalāni palāpāni tāni vāto ekamantaṃ apavahati [apakassati (sī.)]. Tamenaṃ sāmikā sammajjaniṃ gahetvā bhiyyosomattāya apasammajjanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Mā aññe bhaddake dhaññe dūsesīti! Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, idhekaccassa puggalassa tādisaṃyeva hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ, seyyathāpi aññesaṃ bhaddakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ – yāvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ na passanti. Yato ca khvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ passanti, tamenaṃ evaṃ jānanti – ‘samaṇadūsīvāyaṃ samaṇapalāpo samaṇakāraṇḍavo’ti. Tamenaṃ iti viditvā bahiddhā nāsenti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Mā aññe bhaddake bhikkhū dūsesīti.
缅 3.18已对照

“诸比丘,犹如有人需要井的水管,拿着锋利的斧头进入林中。他以斧背敲击任何一棵树时,其中凡是坚实、有心材的树,被斧背敲击时便发出坚硬的回响;而凡是那些内部腐败、漏泄、成为污秽的树,被斧背敲击时便发出‘达达’的回响。他便把它从根部砍断;从根部砍断后,砍断顶端;砍断顶端后,把内部彻底清理干净;把内部彻底清理干净后,接作井的水管。同样,诸比丘,在此,有某个人的前进、后退、前视、旁视、屈、伸、持僧伽梨、钵与衣,正与其他贤善比丘的一样——只要诸比丘还没有看见他的罪。而一旦诸比丘看见他的罪,便这样知道他:‘这人是沙门的败坏者、沙门的空糠、沙门的秕糠。’如是知道他之后,便把他驱逐到外面。这是什么缘故呢?以免他败坏其他贤善的比丘。”

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso udapānapanāḷiyatthiko tiṇhaṃ kuṭhāriṃ [kudhāriṃ (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] ādāya vanaṃ paviseyya. So yaṃ yadeva rukkhaṃ kuṭhāripāsena ākoṭeyya tattha yāni tāni rukkhāni daḷhāni sāravantāni tāni kuṭhāripāsena ākoṭitāni kakkhaḷaṃ paṭinadanti; yāni pana tāni rukkhāni antopūtīni avassutāni kasambujātāni tāni kuṭhāripāsena ākoṭitāni daddaraṃ paṭinadanti. Tamenaṃ mūle chindati, mūle chinditvā agge chindati, agge chinditvā anto suvisodhitaṃ visodheti, anto suvisodhitaṃ visodhetvā udapānapanāḷiṃ yojeti. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, idhekaccassa puggalassa tādisaṃyeva hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ, seyyathāpi aññesaṃ bhaddakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ – yāvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ na passanti. Yato ca khvassa bhikkhū āpattiṃ passanti, tamenaṃ evaṃ jānanti – ‘samaṇadūsīvāyaṃ samaṇapalāpo samaṇakāraṇḍavo’ti. Tamenaṃ iti viditvā bahiddhā nāsenti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Mā aññe bhaddake bhikkhū dūsesī’’ti.
PTS 4.172已对照

“你们应由共住而知道这人是恶欲者、忿怒者,

‘‘Saṃvāsāyaṃ vijānātha, pāpiccho kodhano iti;
已对照

是覆蔑者、顽固者、攀齐者,是嫉者、悭者、谄者。

Makkhī thambhī paḷāsī ca, issukī maccharī saṭho.
已对照

“他在众人中言语柔和,如沙门般说话;

‘‘Santavāco janavati, samaṇo viya bhāsati;
已对照

[却]在暗中作[恶]业,是恶见者、不恭敬者。

Raho karoti karaṇaṃ, pāpadiṭṭhi anādaro.
已对照

“他支吾闪避、说妄语;如实地知道了他之后,

‘‘Saṃsappī ca musāvādī, taṃ viditvā yathātathaṃ;
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你们应全都和合,摒弃他。

Sabbe samaggā hutvāna, abhinibbajjayātha [abhinibbijjayetha (ka.)] naṃ.
已对照

“你们应排出秕糠,应扬弃污秽;

‘‘Kāraṇḍavaṃ [karaṇḍavaṃ (ka.) su. ni. 283 passitabbaṃ] niddhamatha, kasambuṃ apakassatha [avakassatha (ka.)];
已对照

此后应驱走秕子——那些非沙门而自以为沙门者。

Tato palāpe vāhetha, assamaṇe samaṇamānine.
已对照

“排出了那些恶欲的、行为与行处都恶的[人]之后,

‘‘Niddhamitvāna pāpicche, pāpaācāragocare;
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清净者与清净者共作同住,[当]具念;

Suddhāsuddhehi saṃvāsaṃ, kappayavho patissatā;
已对照

此后和合、有智者,你们将作苦之边际。”第十[经]。

Tato samaggā nipakā, dukkhassantaṃ karissathā’’ti. dasamaṃ;
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慈品第一。

Mettāvaggo paṭhamo.
已对照

其摄颂——

慈、慧与两不可爱,两世间[法]、两失坏;

提婆达多与优多罗,难陀与秕糠。

Tassuddānaṃ –
Mettaṃ paññā ca dve piyā, dve lokā dve vipattiyo;
Devadatto ca uttaro, nando kāraṇḍavena cāti.